JP3550032B2 - Optical disc substrate formed from aromatic polycarbonate resin - Google Patents
Optical disc substrate formed from aromatic polycarbonate resin Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP3550032B2 JP3550032B2 JP33670398A JP33670398A JP3550032B2 JP 3550032 B2 JP3550032 B2 JP 3550032B2 JP 33670398 A JP33670398 A JP 33670398A JP 33670398 A JP33670398 A JP 33670398A JP 3550032 B2 JP3550032 B2 JP 3550032B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- sulfate
- ammonium
- acid
- polycarbonate resin
- catalyst
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 title claims description 41
- 229920005668 polycarbonate resin Polymers 0.000 title claims description 35
- 239000004431 polycarbonate resin Substances 0.000 title claims description 35
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 title claims description 34
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 20
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 59
- -1 ester compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 29
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical group [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000001339 alkali metal compounds Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001341 alkaline earth metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 31
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 24
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 description 20
- 238000006068 polycondensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 15
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 10
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-O phosphonium Chemical compound [PH4+] XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 10
- 241000519995 Stachys sylvatica Species 0.000 description 9
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 8
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical class OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 8
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 8
- GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylamine Chemical compound CN(C)C GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 150000004650 carbonic acid diesters Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 7
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 6
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 6
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 6
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 5
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- ROORDVPLFPIABK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl carbonate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 ROORDVPLFPIABK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- WGTYBPLFGIVFAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetramethylammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].C[N+](C)(C)C WGTYBPLFGIVFAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylphosphine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium carbonate Substances [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XLJMAIOERFSOGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M cyanate Chemical compound [O-]C#N XLJMAIOERFSOGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 3
- XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc stearate Chemical class [Zn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- VPWNQTHUCYMVMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-sulfonyldiphenol Chemical class C1=CC(O)=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 VPWNQTHUCYMVMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005711 Benzoic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical compound OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229930185605 Bisphenol Natural products 0.000 description 2
- FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyric acid Chemical compound CCCC(O)=O FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KIWBPDUYBMNFTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl hydrogen sulfate Chemical compound CCOS(O)(=O)=O KIWBPDUYBMNFTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Nitrite anion Chemical compound [O-]N=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfurous acid Chemical compound OS(O)=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terephthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Thiocyanate anion Chemical compound [S-]C#N ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004018 acid anhydride group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000001361 adipic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011037 adipic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000002029 aromatic hydrocarbon group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000000732 arylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 235000010233 benzoic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000001558 benzoic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- PXKLMJQFEQBVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol F Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 PXKLMJQFEQBVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000010216 calcium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 2
- CQDOGPFHDDLCFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N decyl(dimethyl)azanium;methyl sulfate Chemical compound COS([O-])(=O)=O.CCCCCCCCCC[NH+](C)C CQDOGPFHDDLCFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MGAPCUIEJGCASE-UHFFFAOYSA-N decyl(dimethyl)azanium;tridecyl sulfate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC[NH+](C)C.CCCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O MGAPCUIEJGCASE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IFFSQDDXKYMATI-UHFFFAOYSA-N decyl(methyl)azanium;methyl sulfate Chemical compound COS([O-])(=O)=O.CCCCCCCCCC[NH2+]C IFFSQDDXKYMATI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GIMZEFHABWAGBD-UHFFFAOYSA-M decyl(triethyl)azanium;ethyl sulfate Chemical compound CCOS([O-])(=O)=O.CCCCCCCCCC[N+](CC)(CC)CC GIMZEFHABWAGBD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- KAOPHVRFVWFGRN-UHFFFAOYSA-M decyl(trimethyl)azanium;methyl sulfate Chemical compound COS([O-])(=O)=O.CCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C KAOPHVRFVWFGRN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- IQIGDLOVGRGFPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl(pentadecyl)azanium;methyl sulfate Chemical compound COS([O-])(=O)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[NH+](C)C IQIGDLOVGRGFPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SEBRJVFCZKBOTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl(tetradecyl)azanium;methyl sulfate Chemical compound COS([O-])(=O)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCC[NH+](C)C SEBRJVFCZKBOTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylselenoniopropionate Natural products CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WIAJQPBAHYDRMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecan-1-amine;ethyl hydrogen sulfate Chemical compound CCOS([O-])(=O)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCC[NH3+] WIAJQPBAHYDRMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NQPNAWYKGFVCJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl(diethyl)azanium;ethyl sulfate Chemical compound CCOS([O-])(=O)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCC[NH+](CC)CC NQPNAWYKGFVCJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YJFXWXQYXXTXJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl(methyl)azanium;methyl sulfate Chemical compound COS([O-])(=O)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCC[NH2+]C YJFXWXQYXXTXJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- CLGGUNWVXIEGBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl(pentadecyl)azanium;ethyl sulfate Chemical compound CCOS([O-])(=O)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[NH2+]CC CLGGUNWVXIEGBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FSBYHSJMYWMZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl-methyl-tetradecylazanium;methyl sulfate Chemical compound COS([O-])(=O)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCC[NH+](C)CC FSBYHSJMYWMZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- FCCAXBLVPPYNIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecyl(dimethyl)azanium;methyl sulfate Chemical compound COS([O-])(=O)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[NH+](C)C FCCAXBLVPPYNIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen thiocyanate Natural products SC#N ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(O)=O)=C1 QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IIPYXGDZVMZOAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium nitrate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O IIPYXGDZVMZOAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GSVDIUKVDVOPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium;decyl sulfate Chemical compound [Li+].CCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O GSVDIUKVDVOPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- LOOIJGHIMIMMGF-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium;hexadecyl sulfate Chemical compound [Li+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O LOOIJGHIMIMMGF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- MLDSWUBFGPXMOM-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium;tetradecyl sulfate Chemical compound [Li+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O MLDSWUBFGPXMOM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium stearate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- NHJISYDCAIHWAC-UHFFFAOYSA-M methyl sulfate;trimethyl(pentadecyl)azanium Chemical compound COS([O-])(=O)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C NHJISYDCAIHWAC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- SCVFZCLFOSHCOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium acetate Chemical compound [K+].CC([O-])=O SCVFZCLFOSHCOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- ONQDVAFWWYYXHM-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium lauryl sulfate Chemical compound [K+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O ONQDVAFWWYYXHM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000012279 sodium borohydride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000033 sodium borohydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium nitrite Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]N=O LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium sulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])=O GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229960000776 sodium tetradecyl sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- MWZFQMUXPSUDJQ-KVVVOXFISA-M sodium;[(z)-octadec-9-enyl] sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O MWZFQMUXPSUDJQ-KVVVOXFISA-M 0.000 description 2
- XZTJQQLJJCXOLP-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;decyl sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O XZTJQQLJJCXOLP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- UPUIQOIQVMNQAP-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;tetradecyl sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O UPUIQOIQVMNQAP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229940114926 stearate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 150000003457 sulfones Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000003460 sulfonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- VDZOOKBUILJEDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrabutylammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC VDZOOKBUILJEDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N valeric acid Chemical compound CCCCC(O)=O NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GPFJHNSSBHPYJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-methylphenyl) hydrogen carbonate Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(OC(O)=O)=C1 GPFJHNSSBHPYJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCNHNBLSNVSJTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethane Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 HCNHNBLSNVSJTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LDVVTQMJQSCDMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dihydroxypropan-2-yl formate Chemical compound OCC(CO)OC=O LDVVTQMJQSCDMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KVGOXGQSTGQXDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-decane-sulfonic-acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCS(O)(=O)=O KVGOXGQSTGQXDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HBOOMWHZBIPTMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexylsulfonylhexane Chemical compound CCCCCCS(=O)(=O)CCCCCC HBOOMWHZBIPTMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTBFRGCFXZNCOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methylsulfonylpiperidin-4-one Chemical compound CS(=O)(=O)N1CCC(=O)CC1 RTBFRGCFXZNCOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-monostearoylglycerol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)CO VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ALWXETURCOIGIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-nitropropylbenzene Chemical compound CCC([N+]([O-])=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 ALWXETURCOIGIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FLBNSOKYKPTTSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 2-dodecylbenzenesulfonate;tetraoctylphosphanium Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1S([O-])(=O)=O.CCCCCCCC[P+](CCCCCCCC)(CCCCCCCC)CCCCCCCC FLBNSOKYKPTTSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- WBIQQQGBSDOWNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1S(O)(=O)=O WBIQQQGBSDOWNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LXBGSDVWAMZHDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-1h-imidazole Chemical compound CC1=NC=CN1 LXBGSDVWAMZHDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AQQPJNOXVZFTGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-octadecylbenzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1S(O)(=O)=O AQQPJNOXVZFTGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WLJVXDMOQOGPHL-PPJXEINESA-N 2-phenylacetic acid Chemical compound O[14C](=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 WLJVXDMOQOGPHL-PPJXEINESA-N 0.000 description 1
- NQWSBMUINCGJBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenylpropan-2-yl phenylmethanesulfonate Chemical compound C(C1=CC=CC=C1)S(=O)(=O)OC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 NQWSBMUINCGJBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CKNCVRMXCLUOJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,3'-dibromobisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C(Br)=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C(Br)=C1 CKNCVRMXCLUOJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YNNMNWHCQGBNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-tert-butyl-4-[1-(2-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propyl]phenol Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=C(C(C)(C)C)C=1C(CC)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1C(C)(C)C YNNMNWHCQGBNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VWGKEVWFBOUAND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-thiodiphenol Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1SC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 VWGKEVWFBOUAND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NZGQHKSLKRFZFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(4-hydroxyphenoxy)phenol Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 NZGQHKSLKRFZFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RQCACQIALULDSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)sulfinylphenol Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1S(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 RQCACQIALULDSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ACMIJDVJWLMBCX-PXAZEXFGSA-N 4-[(3ar,6ar)-2,3,3a,4,6,6a-hexahydro-1h-pyrrolo[2,3-c]pyrrol-5-yl]-6-fluoro-n-methyl-2-(2-methylpyrimidin-5-yl)oxy-9h-pyrimido[4,5-b]indol-8-amine Chemical compound CNC1=CC(F)=CC(C2=C(N3C[C@@H]4NCC[C@@H]4C3)N=3)=C1NC2=NC=3OC1=CN=C(C)N=C1 ACMIJDVJWLMBCX-PXAZEXFGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQXLHLKXTVFCKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-6-methylcyclohexa-2,4-dien-1-yl]phenol Chemical compound CC1C=CC=CC1(C=1C=CC(O)=CC=1)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 OQXLHLKXTVFCKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QHJPJZROUNGTRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)octan-2-yl]phenol Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(CCCCCC)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QHJPJZROUNGTRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SNBKPVVDUBFDEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-cyclopentylphenol Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1C1CCCC1 SNBKPVVDUBFDEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LTYBYSFEGHYUDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methylbenzene-1,3-disulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1S(O)(=O)=O LTYBYSFEGHYUDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical class [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HTVITOHKHWFJKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bisphenol B Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(CC)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 HTVITOHKHWFJKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SDDLEVPIDBLVHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bisphenol Z Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1C1(C=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)CCCCC1 SDDLEVPIDBLVHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UCDYLXQTDISSFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(CCCCCCC)S(=O)(=O)OC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 Chemical compound C(CCCCCCC)S(=O)(=O)OC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 UCDYLXQTDISSFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HVBCJDWRIIXXMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(CCCCCCCCCCC)S(=O)(=O)OC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 Chemical compound C(CCCCCCCCCCC)S(=O)(=O)OC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 HVBCJDWRIIXXMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HHDOCGXLPNNLSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(CCCCCCCCCCC)S(=O)(=O)OC(C)(CC)C1=CC=CC=C1 Chemical compound C(CCCCCCCCCCC)S(=O)(=O)OC(C)(CC)C1=CC=CC=C1 HHDOCGXLPNNLSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HJHACZUPWJAMGH-UHFFFAOYSA-L C(CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)(=O)[O-].[Ca+2].C(CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)(=O)[O-].[Ba+2] Chemical compound C(CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)(=O)[O-].[Ca+2].C(CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)(=O)[O-].[Ba+2] HJHACZUPWJAMGH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- AQTALDCCIGLNIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCCC1(C=CC=CC1S(=O)(=O)O)C2=CC=CC=C2 Chemical compound CCCC1(C=CC=CC1S(=O)(=O)O)C2=CC=CC=C2 AQTALDCCIGLNIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NFUBHZPSOPHSKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCCCC1(C=CC=CC1CS(=O)(=O)O)C2=CC=CC=C2 Chemical compound CCCCC1(C=CC=CC1CS(=O)(=O)O)C2=CC=CC=C2 NFUBHZPSOPHSKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GDMPQPYMIRSWTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1.CCCCCC[P+](CCCCCC)(CCCCCC)CCCCCC Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1.CCCCCC[P+](CCCCCC)(CCCCCC)CCCCCC GDMPQPYMIRSWTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PUZLQUOXSYCZHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC[P+](CC)(CC)CC.CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 Chemical compound CC[P+](CC)(CC)CC.CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 PUZLQUOXSYCZHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JYIGJVGZOMODBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N C[P+](C)(C)C.C1=CC=CC=C1 Chemical compound C[P+](C)(C)C.C1=CC=CC=C1 JYIGJVGZOMODBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QXNVGIXVLWOKEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Disodium Chemical class [Na][Na] QXNVGIXVLWOKEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DCXXMTOCNZCJGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerol trioctadecanoate Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC DCXXMTOCNZCJGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002211 L-ascorbic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000000069 L-ascorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012448 Lithium borohydride Substances 0.000 description 1
- AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanesulfonic acid Chemical compound CS(O)(=O)=O AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JKIJEFPNVSHHEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol, 2,4-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-, phosphite (3:1) Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=CC=C1OP(OC=1C(=CC(=CC=1)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)OC1=CC=C(C(C)(C)C)C=C1C(C)(C)C JKIJEFPNVSHHEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YGYAWVDWMABLBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosgene Chemical compound ClC(Cl)=O YGYAWVDWMABLBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SJCFDQAXDASEFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N S(=O)(=O)([O-])[O-].C(CCCCCCCCCCCCC)[NH2+]CC.C(CCCCCCCCCCCCC)[NH2+]CC Chemical compound S(=O)(=O)([O-])[O-].C(CCCCCCCCCCCCC)[NH2+]CC.C(CCCCCCCCCCCCC)[NH2+]CC SJCFDQAXDASEFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910006127 SO3X Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium acetate Chemical compound [Na+].CC([O-])=O VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M Sodium bicarbonate-14C Chemical compound [Na+].O[14C]([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Succinic acid Natural products OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AZFNGPAYDKGCRB-XCPIVNJJSA-M [(1s,2s)-2-amino-1,2-diphenylethyl]-(4-methylphenyl)sulfonylazanide;chlororuthenium(1+);1-methyl-4-propan-2-ylbenzene Chemical compound [Ru+]Cl.CC(C)C1=CC=C(C)C=C1.C1=CC(C)=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)[N-][C@@H](C=1C=CC=CC=1)[C@@H](N)C1=CC=CC=C1 AZFNGPAYDKGCRB-XCPIVNJJSA-M 0.000 description 1
- HFNUUHLSQPLBQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;calcium Chemical compound [Ca].CC(O)=O HFNUUHLSQPLBQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOIORXHNWRGPMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;zinc Chemical compound [Zn].CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O ZOIORXHNWRGPMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001338 aliphatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001860 alkaline earth metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CEGOLXSVJUTHNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium tristearate Chemical compound [Al+3].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O CEGOLXSVJUTHNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229940063655 aluminum stearate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- BTBJBAZGXNKLQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium lauryl sulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O BTBJBAZGXNKLQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JFCQEDHGNNZCLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N anhydrous glutaric acid Natural products OC(=O)CCCC(O)=O JFCQEDHGNNZCLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940058905 antimony compound for treatment of leishmaniasis and trypanosomiasis Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000001463 antimony compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000410 antimony oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229960005070 ascorbic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- VPDKMELSVLIAOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N azanium;decyl sulfate Chemical compound N.CCCCCCCCCCOS(O)(=O)=O VPDKMELSVLIAOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WBOXZLRDVULSGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N azanium;ethyl sulfate Chemical compound [H+].N.CCOS([O-])(=O)=O WBOXZLRDVULSGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OADXQALOSREDRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N azanium;hexadecyl sulfate Chemical compound N.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOS(O)(=O)=O OADXQALOSREDRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PYWCSLGSEKAVNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N azanium;octyl sulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].CCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O PYWCSLGSEKAVNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ITHZDDVSAWDQPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium acetate Chemical compound [Ba+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O ITHZDDVSAWDQPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RQPZNWPYLFFXCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ba+2] RQPZNWPYLFFXCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001863 barium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ARSLNKYOPNUFFY-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfite Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])=O ARSLNKYOPNUFFY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- JBNAGKTUVSTOHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium(2+);dicyanate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]C#N.[O-]C#N JBNAGKTUVSTOHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- GJTDJAPHKDIQIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium(2+);dinitrite Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]N=O.[O-]N=O GJTDJAPHKDIQIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- LKZCRGABYQYUFX-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium(2+);dithiocyanate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[S-]C#N.[S-]C#N LKZCRGABYQYUFX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- UCVMQZHZWWEPRC-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium(2+);hydrogen carbonate Chemical compound [Ba+2].OC([O-])=O.OC([O-])=O UCVMQZHZWWEPRC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- AYJRCSIUFZENHW-DEQYMQKBSA-L barium(2+);oxomethanediolate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-][14C]([O-])=O AYJRCSIUFZENHW-DEQYMQKBSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- MIAUJDCQDVWHEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene-1,2-disulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1S(O)(=O)=O MIAUJDCQDVWHEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEGPYAOWYWDJKW-UHFFFAOYSA-M benzenesulfonate;tetrabutylphosphanium Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1.CCCC[P+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC VEGPYAOWYWDJKW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- LIPVJFZNOMWKSW-UHFFFAOYSA-M benzenesulfonate;tetrahexylphosphanium Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1.CCCCCC[P+](CCCCCC)(CCCCCC)CCCCCC LIPVJFZNOMWKSW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- MZRIJIIMJYEZJM-UHFFFAOYSA-M benzenesulfonate;tetraoctylphosphanium Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1.CCCCCCCC[P+](CCCCCCCC)(CCCCCCCC)CCCCCCCC MZRIJIIMJYEZJM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JOKYYJPVAFRMIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl benzenesulfonate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1S(=O)(=O)OCC1=CC=CC=C1 JOKYYJPVAFRMIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SPJNJLQELGQQQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl dodecane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCS(=O)(=O)OCC1=CC=CC=C1 SPJNJLQELGQQQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UUYNVNYEHPQZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl octane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCS(=O)(=O)OCC1=CC=CC=C1 UUYNVNYEHPQZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QQNUGZYDCVPYRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl phenylmethanesulfonate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1COS(=O)(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 QQNUGZYDCVPYRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NDKBVBUGCNGSJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M benzyltrimethylammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].C[N+](C)(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 NDKBVBUGCNGSJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- MUCRFDZUHPMASM-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2-chlorophenyl) carbonate Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1OC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1Cl MUCRFDZUHPMASM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001638 boron Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001639 boron compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- YZYDPPZYDIRSJT-UHFFFAOYSA-K boron phosphate Chemical compound [B+3].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O YZYDPPZYDIRSJT-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910000149 boron phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FLLNLJJKHKZKMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron;tetramethylazanium Chemical compound [B].C[N+](C)(C)C FLLNLJJKHKZKMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001642 boronic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QDHFHIQKOVNCNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CCCCS(O)(=O)=O QDHFHIQKOVNCNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N butanedioic acid Chemical compound O[14C](=O)CC[14C](O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- RHBTWELXTCKICH-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl sulfate;decylazanium Chemical compound CCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O.CCCCCCCCCC[NH3+] RHBTWELXTCKICH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QYOXIRLVBTUAMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl sulfate;dibutyl(dodecyl)azanium Chemical compound CCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCC[NH+](CCCC)CCCC QYOXIRLVBTUAMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KIWUAVQQPSAYCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl sulfate;hexadecylazanium Chemical compound CCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[NH3+] KIWUAVQQPSAYCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BNKPNXJTWDSJOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl sulfate;tetradecylazanium Chemical compound CCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCC[NH3+] BNKPNXJTWDSJOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CJZCWMHVBRMAMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl(dimethyl)azanium;decyl sulfate Chemical compound CCCC[NH+](C)C.CCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O CJZCWMHVBRMAMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GFMYBYKOSDMUTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl(methyl)azanium;tetradecyl sulfate Chemical compound CCCC[NH2+]C.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O GFMYBYKOSDMUTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QSADECHFYIHQTP-UHFFFAOYSA-M butyl(trimethyl)azanium;octyl sulfate Chemical compound CCCC[N+](C)(C)C.CCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O QSADECHFYIHQTP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- WEZLGWLPKMCGNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N butylazanium;nonadecyl sulfate Chemical compound CCCC[NH3+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O WEZLGWLPKMCGNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- NKWPZUCBCARRDP-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].OC([O-])=O.OC([O-])=O NKWPZUCBCARRDP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000020 calcium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- JLCRXCPXQLBSEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium diisocyanate Chemical compound [Ca++].[N-]=C=O.[N-]=C=O JLCRXCPXQLBSEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GBAOBIBJACZTNA-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfite Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])=O GBAOBIBJACZTNA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000010261 calcium sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- IZUJQPNROJZGJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M cesium;octyl sulfate Chemical compound [Cs+].CCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O IZUJQPNROJZGJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015165 citric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001924 cycloalkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000009849 deactivation Effects 0.000 description 1
- SKNHNAUKHZHDIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M decane-1-sulfonate;tetraethylphosphanium Chemical compound CC[P+](CC)(CC)CC.CCCCCCCCCCS([O-])(=O)=O SKNHNAUKHZHDIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- SJQMNYVKPDEPII-UHFFFAOYSA-M decane-1-sulfonate;tetraoctylphosphanium Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCS([O-])(=O)=O.CCCCCCCC[P+](CCCCCCCC)(CCCCCCCC)CCCCCCCC SJQMNYVKPDEPII-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002704 decyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- CMTOKWSJZOFNBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N decyl sulfate;hexadecylazanium Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[NH3+] CMTOKWSJZOFNBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BWTZPEKHXJRFJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N decyl sulfate;trimethylazanium Chemical compound C[NH+](C)C.CCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O BWTZPEKHXJRFJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JIRUIVOOAYAYOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N decyl(ethyl)azanium;ethyl sulfate Chemical compound CCOS([O-])(=O)=O.CCCCCCCCCC[NH2+]CC JIRUIVOOAYAYOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RVDFHFINEBDSRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N decyl(methyl)azanium;octyl sulfate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC[NH2+]C.CCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O RVDFHFINEBDSRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PZYFYHSMYXZICC-UHFFFAOYSA-N decylazanium;decyl sulfate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC[NH3+].CCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O PZYFYHSMYXZICC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WETYPCHDUJTQGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N decylazanium;ethyl sulfate Chemical compound CCOS([O-])(=O)=O.CCCCCCCCCC[NH3+] WETYPCHDUJTQGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RKMJXTWHATWGNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N decyltrimethylammonium ion Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C RKMJXTWHATWGNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004790 diaryl sulfoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QYVGVAWVGWSUOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibenzyl sulfate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1COS(=O)(=O)OCC1=CC=CC=C1 QYVGVAWVGWSUOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QLVWOKQMDLQXNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)OCCCC QLVWOKQMDLQXNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LMEDOLJKVASKTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutyl sulfate Chemical compound CCCCOS(=O)(=O)OCCCC LMEDOLJKVASKTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYIBPWZEZWVDQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N dicyclohexyl carbonate Chemical compound C1CCCCC1OC(=O)OC1CCCCC1 FYIBPWZEZWVDQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RNMJTINNUPOKED-UHFFFAOYSA-N dicyclohexyl sulfate Chemical compound C1CCCCC1OS(=O)(=O)OC1CCCCC1 RNMJTINNUPOKED-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KRAOVFDSYATYFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N didecyl sulfate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCOS(=O)(=O)OCCCCCCCCCC KRAOVFDSYATYFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNRWGYOZXARJFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethyl(tetradecyl)azanium;ethyl sulfate Chemical compound CCOS([O-])(=O)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCC[NH+](CC)CC PNRWGYOZXARJFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VQUHJCXEMYESBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N dihexadecyl sulfate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOS(=O)(=O)OCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC VQUHJCXEMYESBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QUJIVWINNPEYAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N dihexyl sulfate Chemical compound CCCCCCOS(=O)(=O)OCCCCCC QUJIVWINNPEYAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SMBQBQBNOXIFSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dilithium Chemical class [Li][Li] SMBQBQBNOXIFSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- REKWWOFUJAJBCL-UHFFFAOYSA-L dilithium;hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].OP([O-])([O-])=O REKWWOFUJAJBCL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- BBLSYMNDKUHQAG-UHFFFAOYSA-L dilithium;sulfite Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]S([O-])=O BBLSYMNDKUHQAG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DYBABYPVHPYAER-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylazanium;hexyl sulfate Chemical compound C[NH2+]C.CCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DYBABYPVHPYAER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZAIGJRDHVLABKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylazanium;octyl sulfate Chemical compound C[NH2+]C.CCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O ZAIGJRDHVLABKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XXBDWLFCJWSEKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylbenzylamine Chemical compound CN(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 XXBDWLFCJWSEKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BSECBVDQMKQOCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dinonyl sulfate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCOS(=O)(=O)OCCCCCCCCC BSECBVDQMKQOCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OOZFJMRPUVMHEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioctyl sulfate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCOS(=O)(=O)OCCCCCCCC OOZFJMRPUVMHEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GAFRWLVTHPVQGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipentyl sulfate Chemical compound CCCCCOS(=O)(=O)OCCCCC GAFRWLVTHPVQGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZPWVASYFFYYZEW-UHFFFAOYSA-L dipotassium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].OP([O-])([O-])=O ZPWVASYFFYYZEW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- KCIDZIIHRGYJAE-YGFYJFDDSA-L dipotassium;[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl] phosphate Chemical class [K+].[K+].OC[C@H]1O[C@H](OP([O-])([O-])=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O KCIDZIIHRGYJAE-YGFYJFDDSA-L 0.000 description 1
- BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].OP([O-])([O-])=O BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZCBCCZQKHUFTPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ditetradecyl sulfate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCOS(=O)(=O)OCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ZCBCCZQKHUFTPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GOUCXDABQYZBAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N ditridecyl sulfate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCOS(=O)(=O)OCCCCCCCCCCCCC GOUCXDABQYZBAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HUJUKJPSAIEOKR-UHFFFAOYSA-M dodecane-1-sulfonate;tetrabutylphosphanium Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCS([O-])(=O)=O.CCCC[P+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC HUJUKJPSAIEOKR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- HSZCFUKXDITLKI-UHFFFAOYSA-M dodecane-1-sulfonate;tetraethylphosphanium Chemical compound CC[P+](CC)(CC)CC.CCCCCCCCCCCCS([O-])(=O)=O HSZCFUKXDITLKI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- YOAMTOCQORKDOA-UHFFFAOYSA-M dodecane-1-sulfonate;tetrahexylphosphanium Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCS([O-])(=O)=O.CCCCCC[P+](CCCCCC)(CCCCCC)CCCCCC YOAMTOCQORKDOA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- JITKQRKGZHJWFO-UHFFFAOYSA-M dodecane-1-sulfonate;tetramethylphosphanium Chemical compound C[P+](C)(C)C.CCCCCCCCCCCCS([O-])(=O)=O JITKQRKGZHJWFO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VTQXCUALSHHENW-UHFFFAOYSA-M dodecane-1-sulfonate;tetraoctylphosphanium Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCS([O-])(=O)=O.CCCCCCCC[P+](CCCCCCCC)(CCCCCCCC)CCCCCCCC VTQXCUALSHHENW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- TYPIMJQTOXHMPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl benzenesulfonate tetramethylphosphanium Chemical compound C[P+](C)(C)C.CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 TYPIMJQTOXHMPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VBVCYAZECWLFHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl benzenesulfonate;tetrabutylphosphanium Chemical compound CCCC[P+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC.CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 VBVCYAZECWLFHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FRRGVVCKVZVNJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl sulfate;hexadecylazanium Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[NH3+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O FRRGVVCKVZVNJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QQOBBXLBBOPMFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl sulfate;hexyl(dimethyl)azanium Chemical compound CCCCCC[NH+](C)C.CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O QQOBBXLBBOPMFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JBPAEIXWYQLNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl(dimethyl)azanium;tetradecyl sulfate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC[NH+](C)C.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O JBPAEIXWYQLNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZMABJXDHMBUIIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecylazanium;methyl sulfate Chemical compound COS([O-])(=O)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCC[NH3+] ZMABJXDHMBUIIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QUHKYYQJFBQWMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecylazanium;octyl sulfate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC[NH3+].CCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O QUHKYYQJFBQWMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940060296 dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- FLINZRXJDJMCNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanamine;ethyl hydrogen sulfate Chemical compound CC[NH3+].CCOS([O-])(=O)=O FLINZRXJDJMCNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KMHPRSOELGXBLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanamine;hexyl hydrogen sulfate Chemical compound CC[NH3+].CCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O KMHPRSOELGXBLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CCIVGXIOQKPBKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanesulfonic acid Chemical compound CCS(O)(=O)=O CCIVGXIOQKPBKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MLPCKIJDDSTWOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl hexadecyl sulfate Chemical compound C(CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)OS(OCC)(=O)=O MLPCKIJDDSTWOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BKTIVQPCOVLWSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl sulfate;ethyl(tetradecyl)azanium Chemical compound CCOS([O-])(=O)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCC[NH2+]CC BKTIVQPCOVLWSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JHCHGNAOKORJPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl(hexadecyl)azanium;ethyl sulfate Chemical compound CCOS([O-])(=O)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[NH2+]CC JHCHGNAOKORJPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LADYLIXYJQYYHY-UHFFFAOYSA-M ethyl-dimethyl-pentadecylazanium;ethyl sulfate Chemical compound CCOS([O-])(=O)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)CC LADYLIXYJQYYHY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- RAAKFSWCRLHXIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl-hexadecyl-methylazanium;ethyl sulfate Chemical compound CCOS([O-])(=O)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[NH+](C)CC RAAKFSWCRLHXIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940093915 gynecological organic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 210000002837 heart atrium Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000012760 heat stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- VOBHJCCHZRIAPB-UHFFFAOYSA-M hexadecane-1-sulfonate;tetrabutylphosphanium Chemical compound CCCC[P+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCS([O-])(=O)=O VOBHJCCHZRIAPB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- NJKQPMHNZUFKLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M hexadecane-1-sulfonate;tetraethylphosphanium Chemical compound CC[P+](CC)(CC)CC.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCS([O-])(=O)=O NJKQPMHNZUFKLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- DXJZFLBZBIDSEL-UHFFFAOYSA-M hexadecane-1-sulfonate;tetrahexylphosphanium Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCS([O-])(=O)=O.CCCCCC[P+](CCCCCC)(CCCCCC)CCCCCC DXJZFLBZBIDSEL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- HHPPLKKUPAHHLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M hexadecane-1-sulfonate;tetramethylphosphanium Chemical compound C[P+](C)(C)C.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCS([O-])(=O)=O HHPPLKKUPAHHLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VIYKODXWJDWEKX-UHFFFAOYSA-M hexadecane-1-sulfonate;tetraoctylphosphanium Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCS([O-])(=O)=O.CCCCCCCC[P+](CCCCCCCC)(CCCCCCCC)CCCCCCCC VIYKODXWJDWEKX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- SSILHZFTFWOUJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecane-1-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCS(O)(=O)=O SSILHZFTFWOUJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DJWUUCDHLCVKBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecyl methyl sulfate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOS(=O)(=O)OC DJWUUCDHLCVKBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WUOFNOKCPHTNFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecyl sulfate;methylazanium Chemical compound [NH3+]C.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O WUOFNOKCPHTNFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BRWYSSHMQJOIEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecyl(methyl)azanium;methyl sulfate Chemical compound COS([O-])(=O)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[NH2+]C BRWYSSHMQJOIEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- APIUNYSLXYZZGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecylazanium;octyl sulfate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[NH3+] APIUNYSLXYZZGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JEINXZLIKGPZNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M hexane-1-sulfonate;tetrabutylphosphanium Chemical compound CCCCCCS([O-])(=O)=O.CCCC[P+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC JEINXZLIKGPZNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- UMLDUHUDEDUXCN-UHFFFAOYSA-M hexane-1-sulfonate;tetraethylphosphanium Chemical compound CC[P+](CC)(CC)CC.CCCCCCS([O-])(=O)=O UMLDUHUDEDUXCN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- LXYXBVAKVZFVBY-UHFFFAOYSA-M hexane-1-sulfonate;tetrahexylphosphanium Chemical compound CCCCCCS([O-])(=O)=O.CCCCCC[P+](CCCCCC)(CCCCCC)CCCCCC LXYXBVAKVZFVBY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- XQDGHDJOPWBISB-UHFFFAOYSA-M hexane-1-sulfonate;tetramethylphosphanium Chemical compound C[P+](C)(C)C.CCCCCCS([O-])(=O)=O XQDGHDJOPWBISB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FYAQQULBLMNGAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCS(O)(=O)=O FYAQQULBLMNGAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NBXGBMMLSJOJQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexyl sulfate;methylazanium Chemical compound [NH3+]C.CCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O NBXGBMMLSJOJQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WPRKEVOIVHZQRM-UHFFFAOYSA-M hexyl sulfate;tetramethylazanium Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)C.CCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O WPRKEVOIVHZQRM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- QNDPYWNIYBGHOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexyl(methyl)azanium;tetradecyl sulfate Chemical compound CCCCCC[NH2+]C.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O QNDPYWNIYBGHOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UQTNCHSSKFCDRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexylazanium;octadecyl sulfate Chemical compound CCCCCC[NH3+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O UQTNCHSSKFCDRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005027 hydroxyaryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-NJFSPNSNSA-N hydroxyformaldehyde Chemical compound O[14CH]=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002460 imidazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011256 inorganic filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910003475 inorganic filler Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XIXADJRWDQXREU-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium acetate Chemical compound [Li+].CC([O-])=O XIXADJRWDQXREU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940031993 lithium benzoate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium carbonate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]C([O-])=O XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052808 lithium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IDNHOWMYUQKKTI-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium nitrite Chemical compound [Li+].[O-]N=O IDNHOWMYUQKKTI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- HGPXWXLYXNVULB-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium stearate Chemical compound [Li+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O HGPXWXLYXNVULB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- LDJNSLOKTFFLSL-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium;benzoate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 LDJNSLOKTFFLSL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- POMZBEGASDKMRR-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium;cyanate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-]C#N POMZBEGASDKMRR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- HQRPHMAXFVUBJX-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium;hydrogen carbonate Chemical compound [Li+].OC([O-])=O HQRPHMAXFVUBJX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ZJZXSOKJEJFHCP-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium;thiocyanate Chemical compound [Li+].[S-]C#N ZJZXSOKJEJFHCP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- UEGPKNKPLBYCNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium acetate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O UEGPKNKPLBYCNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000011654 magnesium acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011285 magnesium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940069446 magnesium acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- QWDJLDTYWNBUKE-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].OC([O-])=O.OC([O-])=O QWDJLDTYWNBUKE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000022 magnesium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002370 magnesium bicarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014824 magnesium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019359 magnesium stearate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- BPOZGEPCZMRDON-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium;dicyanate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C#N.[O-]C#N BPOZGEPCZMRDON-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- AAJBNRZDTJPMTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium;dinitrite Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]N=O.[O-]N=O AAJBNRZDTJPMTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- SXTGAOTXVOMSFW-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium;dithiocyanate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[S-]C#N.[S-]C#N SXTGAOTXVOMSFW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- JESHZQPNPCJVNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium;sulfite Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]S([O-])=O JESHZQPNPCJVNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- RBFRKINCCPRJOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanamine;octyl hydrogen sulfate Chemical compound [NH3+]C.CCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O RBFRKINCCPRJOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IZDROVVXIHRYMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanesulfonic anhydride Chemical compound CS(=O)(=O)OS(C)(=O)=O IZDROVVXIHRYMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZKPHDUZICNTCLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl sulfate;methyl(tetradecyl)azanium Chemical compound COS([O-])(=O)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCC[NH2+]C ZKPHDUZICNTCLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YIKBASDXDLACNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl sulfate;pentadecylazanium Chemical compound COS([O-])(=O)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[NH3+] YIKBASDXDLACNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GLXTXYXQTWDGLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl(pentadecyl)azanium;methyl sulfate Chemical compound COS([O-])(=O)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[NH2+]C GLXTXYXQTWDGLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- NHLUVTZJQOJKCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethylhexadecan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN(C)C NHLUVTZJQOJKCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SDGWRBIFSZNMMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-ethylethanamine;octadecyl hydrogen sulfate Chemical compound CCNCC.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOS(O)(=O)=O SDGWRBIFSZNMMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GZBAURPENRWSSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-methylmethanamine;tetradecyl hydrogen sulfate Chemical compound CNC.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCOS(O)(=O)=O GZBAURPENRWSSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZWLPBLYKEWSWPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N o-toluic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O ZWLPBLYKEWSWPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RIBCJYJORLBDDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid;strontium Chemical compound [Sr].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O RIBCJYJORLBDDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DENUSWXGOIEQKI-UHFFFAOYSA-M octane-1-sulfonate;tetrabutylphosphanium Chemical compound CCCCCCCCS([O-])(=O)=O.CCCC[P+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC DENUSWXGOIEQKI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- YPKYWZRGBRHTCY-UHFFFAOYSA-M octane-1-sulfonate;tetraethylphosphanium Chemical compound CC[P+](CC)(CC)CC.CCCCCCCCS([O-])(=O)=O YPKYWZRGBRHTCY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VCVQAABZKPNRPR-UHFFFAOYSA-M octane-1-sulfonate;tetrahexylphosphanium Chemical compound CCCCCCCCS([O-])(=O)=O.CCCCCC[P+](CCCCCC)(CCCCCC)CCCCCC VCVQAABZKPNRPR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- OVTGCIYAUOAHDL-UHFFFAOYSA-M octane-1-sulfonate;tetramethylphosphanium Chemical compound C[P+](C)(C)C.CCCCCCCCS([O-])(=O)=O OVTGCIYAUOAHDL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- AOKBLZHEWQQNPF-UHFFFAOYSA-M octane-1-sulfonate;tetraoctylphosphanium Chemical compound CCCCCCCCS([O-])(=O)=O.CCCCCCCC[P+](CCCCCCCC)(CCCCCCCC)CCCCCCCC AOKBLZHEWQQNPF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- LHQXHHDBJMMPCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane-2-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCC(C)S(O)(=O)=O LHQXHHDBJMMPCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IASOWQNZMGHYFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N octyl sulfate;trimethylazanium Chemical compound C[NH+](C)C.CCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O IASOWQNZMGHYFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021313 oleic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012766 organic filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- VTRUBDSFZJNXHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxoantimony Chemical compound [Sb]=O VTRUBDSFZJNXHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- RKHQZMOCQHXUBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol;potassium Chemical compound [K].OC1=CC=CC=C1 RKHQZMOCQHXUBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RAFRTSDUWORDLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl 3-chloropropanoate Chemical compound ClCCC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RAFRTSDUWORDLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QXAOHDJNOWUQLN-UHFFFAOYSA-M phenylmethanesulfonate;tetrahexylphosphanium Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1.CCCCCC[P+](CCCCCC)(CCCCCC)CCCCCC QXAOHDJNOWUQLN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- BHZOLNOBYSOFRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M phenylmethanesulfonate;tetraoctylphosphanium Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1.CCCCCCCC[P+](CCCCCCCC)(CCCCCCCC)CCCCCCCC BHZOLNOBYSOFRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ACVYVLVWPXVTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphinic acid Chemical compound O[PH2]=O ACVYVLVWPXVTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002685 polymerization catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000137 polyphosphoric acid Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000011056 potassium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium benzoate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000011736 potassium bicarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015497 potassium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000028 potassium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011181 potassium carbonates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- GKKCIDNWFBPDBW-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium cyanate Chemical compound [K]OC#N GKKCIDNWFBPDBW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydrogencarbonate Chemical compound [K+].OC([O-])=O TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010289 potassium nitrite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004304 potassium nitrite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940114930 potassium stearate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- BHZRJJOHZFYXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfite Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])=O BHZRJJOHZFYXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000019252 potassium sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ZNNZYHKDIALBAK-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium thiocyanate Chemical compound [K+].[S-]C#N ZNNZYHKDIALBAK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940116357 potassium thiocyanate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- JTXIPOLAHSBNJM-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium;decyl sulfate Chemical compound [K+].CCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O JTXIPOLAHSBNJM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- GBEYVKHMIPVAHD-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium;hexadecyl sulfate Chemical compound [K+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O GBEYVKHMIPVAHD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ANBFRLKBEIFNQU-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium;octadecanoate Chemical compound [K+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O ANBFRLKBEIFNQU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FTCOOXFANFQPEC-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium;octyl sulfate Chemical compound [K+].CCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O FTCOOXFANFQPEC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000003864 primary ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- KCXFHTAICRTXLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N propane-1-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CCCS(O)(=O)=O KCXFHTAICRTXLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019260 propionic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229940005657 pyrophosphoric acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000001453 quaternary ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003242 quaternary ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N quinbolone Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4CC3)C)CC[C@@]21C)C1=CCCC1 IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003865 secondary ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001632 sodium acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000017281 sodium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- WXMKPNITSTVMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium benzoate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WXMKPNITSTVMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000010234 sodium benzoate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004299 sodium benzoate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000010344 sodium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004317 sodium nitrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010288 sodium nitrite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940067741 sodium octyl sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000010265 sodium sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- VGTPCRGMBIAPIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium thiocyanate Chemical compound [Na+].[S-]C#N VGTPCRGMBIAPIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- WFRKJMRGXGWHBM-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;octyl sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O WFRKJMRGXGWHBM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000018 strontium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UUCCCPNEFXQJEL-UHFFFAOYSA-L strontium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Sr+2] UUCCCPNEFXQJEL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001866 strontium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WJMMDJOFTZAHHS-UHFFFAOYSA-L strontium;carbonic acid;carbonate Chemical compound [Sr+2].OC([O-])=O.OC([O-])=O WJMMDJOFTZAHHS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- RXSHXLOMRZJCLB-UHFFFAOYSA-L strontium;diacetate Chemical compound [Sr+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O RXSHXLOMRZJCLB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- ZJXATYQRQGNBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-L strontium;dicyanate Chemical compound [Sr+2].[O-]C#N.[O-]C#N ZJXATYQRQGNBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- HOWFTCIROIVKLW-UHFFFAOYSA-L strontium;dinitrite Chemical compound [Sr+2].[O-]N=O.[O-]N=O HOWFTCIROIVKLW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- YNQRWDDCTKWYJP-UHFFFAOYSA-L strontium;dithiocyanate Chemical compound [Sr+2].[S-]C#N.[S-]C#N YNQRWDDCTKWYJP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- VTBSJEPGLHXIIS-UHFFFAOYSA-L strontium;sulfite Chemical compound [Sr+2].[O-]S([O-])=O VTBSJEPGLHXIIS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000004763 sulfides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ISIJQEHRDSCQIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2,7-diazaspiro[4.5]decane-7-carboxylate Chemical compound C1N(C(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CCCC11CNCC1 ISIJQEHRDSCQIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- DZLFLBLQUQXARW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrabutylammonium Chemical compound CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC DZLFLBLQUQXARW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N tetradecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC[14C](O)=O TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940073455 tetraethylammonium hydroxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- LRGJRHZIDJQFCL-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetraethylazanium;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].CC[N+](CC)(CC)CC LRGJRHZIDJQFCL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- KTSMXJLCIZXRPX-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetraethylazanium;tridecyl sulfate Chemical compound CC[N+](CC)(CC)CC.CCCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O KTSMXJLCIZXRPX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000003609 titanium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005425 toluyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributylamine Chemical compound CCCCN(CCCC)CCCC IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BIKXLKXABVUSMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trizinc;diborate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]B([O-])[O-].[O-]B([O-])[O-] BIKXLKXABVUSMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006097 ultraviolet radiation absorber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940005605 valeric acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000004246 zinc acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Polyesters Or Polycarbonates (AREA)
- Optical Record Carriers And Manufacture Thereof (AREA)
Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、長期間にわたり高い信頼性を維持できる光ディスク用の基板に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
一般に、光ディスクや磁気ディスク等のディスク基板には、成形性、機械的強度、透明度等の点で他樹脂より優れている、芳香族ポリカーボネート樹脂が素材として利用されている。芳香族ポリカーボネート樹脂の製造法としては、ジヒドロキシ化合物とホスゲンを直接反応させる界面法、あるいはジヒドロキシ化合物と炭酸ジエステルとを加熱減圧下エステル交換反応させる溶融法などが知られている。このうち後者の溶融法は前者の界面法と比較して、安価に芳香族ポリカーボネート樹脂を製造できる等の利点を有する。ここで、従来の溶融法による芳香族ポリカーボネートの製造方法では、通常、触媒成分としてアルカリ金属化合物、アルカリ土類金属化合物などの金属触媒が用いられている。例えば、特開平8−59975号公報には、溶融法による芳香族ポリカーボネートに関しての製造方法に関する記載がある。
【0003】
光ディスク、レーザーディスク等のディスク基板の製造は、一般に射出成形にておこない、その成形温度は300℃以上の高温で、かつ連続生産を要求される。このためポリカーボネート樹脂には高い熱安定性を要求される。しかし、上述の金属触媒を用いて得られる溶融法による芳香族ポリカーボネート樹脂は残存する金属触媒のため、溶融成形時にはその一部が熱分解することがあり、熱安定性に劣っていた。また、ディスクは長期間にわたり高温、高湿下に放置すると基板に白点が発生し、長期信頼性が損なわれるという欠点があった。近年この問題を含めて、ディスク基板に対するさらなる性能の向上の要求が高まってきている。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
そこで、本発明の目的は、上述の問題を最小限に抑制しえた光ディスク基板、すなわち成形時の安定性および長期信頼性の高い光ディスク基板を提供することにある。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、上記問題を解決するために、さらに研究を重ねた。金属触媒はディスク基板の熱安定性に悪影響を及ぼす一方で、重縮合反応させる上では必要なものである。また熱安定性を抑えるためには、触媒失活剤を使用して金属触媒を失活させることが可能である。
【0006】
本発明者の研究によれば、触媒失活剤の使用量が多すぎてもディスク基板の熱安定性および信頼性に影響を及ぼすことがわかった。触媒失活剤の使用割合はその種類や金属触媒の種類と濃度によって、その適量が一定ではないが、芳香族ポリカーボネート樹脂中の金属触媒の失活の程度は、その樹脂の溶融条件下において溶融粘度の変化を調べることによって大略判定できること、およびかくしてある条件下において溶融粘度の変化の割合を一定以下とした芳香族ポリカーボネート樹脂からのディスク基板は、熱安定性に優れ、しかもディスク基板として長期の信頼性も保持されていることが判明した。
【0007】
すなわち、後述する条件下で、芳香族ポリカーボネート樹脂を溶融保持した時の溶融粘度を経時的に測定し、その粘度の1分間当たりの粘度変化率を、残存触媒活性指数と定義し、その指数をある値以下有する芳香族ポリカーボネート樹脂は光ディスク基材の材料として前記の優れた特性を備えていることを見出し、本発明に到達した。
【0008】
かくして本発明によれば、溶融重合法により製造され、残存触媒活性指数が2%以下である芳香族ポリカーボネート樹脂より形成された光ディスク基板が提供される。
【0009】
本発明において、残存触媒活性指数は芳香族ポリカーボネート樹脂を、乾燥した窒素気流下270℃において溶融し、剪断速度1rad/secで測定された溶融開始後5分後および30分後の溶融粘度の差を1分当たりに換算して求められた値であって、下記式(1)で表される。
【0010】
【数1】
【0011】
本発明においては、前記一般式(1)で定義された残存触媒活性指数の値が2%以下である芳香族ポリカーボネート樹脂を光ディスク基材として使用することにより、熱安定性に優れしかも長期にわたって高温・高湿条件下に保持されても記録の読み取りの信頼性を損なうことのない光ディスクが提供される。
【0012】
芳香族ポリカーボネート樹脂の残存触媒活性指数2%以下、好ましくは1%以下とするには、溶融重合法において使用した金属触媒の活性を劣化させることが必要であり、そのために重合後に触媒失活剤を添加することが不可欠となる。その触媒失活剤の添加量は、その種類および量に基づいて実験的に決定されるか、あまりに多い量使用すると、金属触媒の活性は、失活するが、触媒失活剤の影響が顕著になり、長期信頼性が低下することになる。
【0013】
ディスク基板の長期信頼性は、高温・高湿条件下にディスク基板を長時間保持し、そのディスク基板の内部に存在する20μm以上の大きさの白点の数を調べることにより評価することができる。すなわち、ディスク基板を温度80℃、相対湿度85%に制御した恒温恒湿槽に1000時間保持した後の直径20μm以上の白点発生数を調べることにより確認される。本発明の芳香族ポリカーボネート樹脂から得られたディスク基板の白点発生数は直径120mm、厚さ0.6mmの基板あたり2個以下であり、好適条件下では1個以下である。
【0014】
本発明のディスク基板において使用される溶融重合法による芳香族ポリカーボネート樹脂は、粘度平均分子量が12,000〜20,000のものが好ましく、芳香族ジヒドロキシ化合物と炭酸ジエステルとの重縮合金属触媒存在下での溶融重縮合反応せしめることにより製造することができる。かかる粘度平均分子量を有するポリカーボネート樹脂は、光学用材料として十分な強度が得られ、また、成形時の溶融流動性も良好であり成形歪みが発生せず好ましい。本発明でいう粘度平均分子量は塩化メチレン100mLにポリカーボネート樹脂0.7gを20℃で溶解した溶液から求めた比粘度(ηsp)を次式に挿入して求めたものである。
【0015】
ηsp/c=[η]+0.45×[η]2c(但し[η]は極限粘度)
[η]=1.23×10−4M0.83
c=0.7
【0016】
芳香族ジヒドロキシ化合物の具体例としては、ビス(4−ヒドロキシフェニル)メタン、1,1−ビス(4−ヒドロキシフェニル)エタン、2,2−ビス(4−ヒドロキシフェニル)プロパン、2,2−ビス(4−ヒドロキシフェニル)ブタン、2,2−ビス(4−ヒドロキシフェニル)オクタン、2,2−ビス(4−ヒドロキシフェニル)フェニルメタン、2,2−ビス(4−ヒドロキシ−3−メチルフェニル)プロパン、1,1−ビス(4−ヒドロキシ−t−ブチルフェニル)プロパン、2,2−ビス(4−ヒドロキシ−3−ブロモフェニル)プロパンなどのビス(ヒドロキシアリール)アルカン類、1,1−ビス(4−ヒドロキシフェニル)シクロペンタン、1,1−ビス(4−ヒドロキシフェニル)シクロヘキサンなどのビス(ヒドロキシアリール)シクロアルカン類、4,4’−ジヒドロキシジフェニルエーテル、4,4’−ジヒドロキシ−3,3’−ジメチルジフェニルエーテルなどのジヒドロキシジアリールエーテル類、4,4’−ジヒドロキシジフェニルスルフィド、4,4’−ジヒドロキシ−3,3’−ジメチルフェニルスルフィドなどのジヒドロキシジアリールスルフィド類、4,4’−ジヒドロキシジフェニルスルホキシド、4,4’−ジヒドロキシ−3,3’−ジメチルジフェニルスルホキシドなどのジヒドロキシジアリールスルホキシド類、4,4’−ジヒドロキシジフェニルスルホン、4,4’−ジヒドロキシ−3,3’−ジメチルジフェニルスルホンなどのジヒドロキシジアリールスルホン類などが用いられる。これらのうちでは、特に2,2−ビス(4−ヒドロキシフェニル)プロパンが好ましい。これらの芳香族ジヒドロキシ化合物は2種以上併用して使用することもできる。
【0017】
本発明で用いられる炭酸ジエステルとしては、置換されてもよい炭素数6〜10のアリール、アラルキル、炭素数1〜5のアルキル、炭素数3〜8のシクロアルキル等のエステルが好ましい。
【0018】
炭酸ジエステルの具体例としては、ジフェニルカーボネート、ジトリールカーボネート、ビス(クロロフェニル)カーボネート、m−クレジルカーボネート、ジナフチルカーボネート、ビス(ジフェニル)カーボネート、ジエチルカーボネート、ジメチルカーボネート、ジブチルカーボネート、ジシクロヘキシルカーボネートなどが用いられる。これらのうちでは、特にジフェニルカーボネートが好ましい。
【0019】
炭酸ジエステルの使用量としては上記芳香族ジヒドロキシ化合物に対し80〜300モル%、好ましくは90〜280%、特に好ましくは95〜250モル%の範囲が好ましい。
【0020】
本発明で使用される重縮合金属触媒としては、前述の炭酸ジエステルおよび芳香族ジヒドロキシ化合物を出発原料として、副反応少なく、着色等少なく、品質良好なポリカーボネートポリマーを与えるものが好ましく使用される。例えばアルカリ金属化合物またはアルカリ土類金属化合物からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも一種の触媒が好ましく使用される。これらの重縮合金属触媒と共に含窒素塩基性化合物の如き他の触媒を併用することもできる。
【0021】
重縮合触媒のアルカリ金属化合物としては、例えばアルカリ金属の水酸化物、炭酸水素塩、炭酸塩、酢酸塩、硝酸塩、亜硝酸塩、亜硫酸塩、シアン酸塩、チオシアン酸塩、ステアリン酸塩、水素化ホウ素塩、安息香酸塩、リン酸水素化物、ビスフェノール、フェノールの塩等が挙げられる。具体例としては、水酸化ナトリウム、水酸化カリウム、水酸化リチウム、炭酸水素ナトリウム、炭酸水素カリウム、炭酸水素リチウム、炭酸ナトリウム、炭酸カリウム、炭酸リチウム、酢酸ナトリウム、酢酸カリウム、酢酸リチウム、硝酸ナトリウム、硝酸カリウム、硝酸リチウム、亜硝酸ナトリウム、亜硝酸カリウム、亜硝酸リチウム、亜硫酸ナトリウム、亜硫酸カリウム、亜硫酸リチウム、シアン酸アトリウム、シアン酸カリウム、シアン酸リチウム、チオシアン酸ナトリウム、チオシアン酸カリウム、チオシアン酸リチウム、ステアリン酸ナトリウム、ステアリン酸カリウム、ステアリン酸リチウム、水素化ホウ素ナトリウム、水素化ホウ素カリウム、水素化ホウ素リチウム、フェニル化ホウ素ナトリウム、安息香酸ナトリウム、安息香酸カリウム、安息香酸リチウム、リン酸水素ジナトリウム、リン酸水素ジカリウム、リン酸水素ジリチウム、ビスフェノールAのジナトリウム塩、ジカリウム塩、ジリチウム塩、フェノールのナトリウム塩、カリウム塩、リチウム塩などが挙げられる。
【0022】
また、重縮合触媒のアルカリ土類金属化合物としては、例えばアルカリ土類金属の水酸化物、炭酸水素塩、炭酸塩、酢酸塩、硝酸塩、亜硝酸塩、亜硫酸塩、シアン酸塩、チオシアン酸塩、ステアリン酸塩、水素化ホウ素塩、安息香酸塩、リン酸水素化物、ビスフェノール、フェノールの塩等が挙げられる。具体的には、水酸化カルシウム、水酸化バリウム、水酸化マグネシウム、水酸化ストロンチウム、炭酸水素カルシウム、炭酸水素バリウム、炭酸水素マグネシウム、炭酸水素ストロンチウム、炭酸カルシウム、炭酸バリウム、炭酸マグネシウム、炭酸ストロンチウム、酢酸カルシウム、酢酸バリウム、酢酸マグネシウム、酢酸ストロンチウム、亜硝酸カルシウム、亜硝酸バリウム、亜硝酸マグネシウム、亜硝酸ストロンチウム、亜硫酸カルシウム、亜硫酸バリウム、亜硫酸マグネシウム、亜硫酸ストロンチウム、シアン酸カルシウム、シアン酸バリウム、シアン酸マグネシウム、シアン酸ストロンチウム、チオシアン酸カルシウム、チオシアン酸バリウム、チオシアン酸マグネシウム、チオシアン酸ストロンチウム、ステアリン酸カルシウム、ステアリン酸バリウム、ステアリン酸マグネシウム、ステアリン酸ストロンチウムなどが挙げられる。
【0023】
重合触媒の含窒素塩基性化合物としては、例えばテトラメチルアンモニウムヒドロキシド(Me4NOH)、テトラエチルアンモニウムヒドロキシド(Et4NOH)、テトラブチルアンモニウムヒドロキシド(Bu4NOH)、トリメチルベンジルアンモニウムヒドロキシド(φ−CH2(Me)3NOH)などのアルキル、アリール、アルアリール基などを有するアンモニウムヒドロオキシド類、トリエチルアミン、トリブチルアミン、ジメチルベンジルアミン、ヘキサデジルジメチルアミンなどの三級アミン類、R0 2NH(式中R0はメチル、エチルなどのアルキル、フェニル、トルイルなどのアリール基などである)で示される二級アミン類、R0NH2(式中R0は上記と同じである)で示される一級アミン類、2−メチルイミダゾールなどのイミダゾール類、あるいはテトラメチルアンモニウムボロハイドライド(Me4NBH4)、テトラブチルアンモニウムボロハイドライド(Bu4NBH4)、テトラブチルアンモニウムテトラフェニルボレート(Bu4NBPh4)、テトラメチルアンモニウムテトラフェニルボレート(Me4NBPh4)などの塩基性塩などを挙げることができる。
【0024】
また所望により、上記の如き重縮合触媒と共にその他の金属触媒も併用使用することもできる。かかる金属触媒としては例えば周期律表のIIB、IIIB、IVAおよびIVB族に属する金属元素及びその化合物を好ましく使用することができる。
上記のような芳香族ジヒドロキシ化合物と炭酸ジエステルとの反応は、連続式でおこなってもよくまたバッチ式でおこなってもよい。また上記反応をおこなうに際して用いられる反応装置は、槽型であっても管型であっても塔型であってもよい。
【0025】
前記重縮合触媒を使用して得られた芳香族ポリカーボネート樹脂中には触媒が活性を有する状態で存在している。本発明においては樹脂に残存する触媒を失活させて残存触媒活性指数を2%以下にする。そのため触媒失活剤を樹脂に添加すればよくその触媒失活剤としては下記の化合物が挙げられる。
【0026】
すなわち、本発明で用いられる触媒失活剤は、金属触媒であるアルカリ金属化合物、アルカリ土類金属化合物などのアルカリ性化合物を中和することで触媒活性を失活するものである。例えば、酸性化合物や硫黄含有エステルが挙げられる。ここでいう代表的な酸性化合物としては、酢酸亜鉛、ホウ酸亜鉛、リン酸ホウ素等のホウ素化合物やホウ酸エステル;ステアリン酸アルミニウム、ステアリン酸亜鉛等のステアリン酸塩;酸化アンチモン、アルキルアンチモンなどのアンチモン化合物;アルコキシチタン、酸化チタンなどのチタン化合物;リン酸、ジフェニルアシッドリン酸エステル等のリン酸の部分エステル、亜リン酸、次亜リン酸、ピロリン酸、ポリリン酸等のリン酸系化合物;安息香酸、クエン酸、アジピン酸、L−アスコルビン酸等の有機酸;およびホウ酸等を挙げることができる。
【0027】
また、触媒失活剤として使用される硫黄含有エステル化合物としては、重縮合触媒の触媒活性を失活させる作用を有するものであればよく、具体的には下記の硫黄含有エステル化合物(I)〜(IV)を挙げることができる。
【0028】
硫黄含有エステル化合物(I);
この化合物(I)は下記式(I)で表される。
【0029】
A1−(Y1−SO3X1)m (I)
ここで、A1は置換基を有していてもよい炭化水素基であり、Y1は単結合または水素原子であり、X1は1級〜3級の炭化水素基、1当量の金属カチオン、アンモニウムカチオンまたはホスホニウムカチオンであり、mは1〜4の整数である。
【0030】
A1の置換基を有していてもよい炭化水素基としては、例えばm価の飽和脂肪族炭化水素、芳香族炭化水素基または脂肪族−芳香族炭化水素基等を好ましいものとして挙げることができる。
【0031】
X1の炭化水素基としては、水素原子、メチル基、エチル基、プロピル基、またはフェニル基であるのがより好ましい。
【0032】
一当量の金属カチオンとしては、例えばリチウム、ナトリウム、カリウムの如きアルカリ金属カチオン、カルシウム、バリウムの如きアルカリ土類金属カチオンの1/2あるいはアルミニウムの如き3価の金属カチオンの1/3等を挙げることが出来る。
【0033】
上記式(I)で表わされる化合物の具体例としては、例えば下記の化合物を挙げることができる。
【0034】
Y1が単結合であり、X1が1〜3級の一価の炭化水素基でありそしてmが1である場合の化合物として、ベンゼンスルホン酸ベンジル、ベンゼンスルホン酸2−フェニル−2−プロピル、ベンゼンスルホン酸2−フェニル−2−ブチル、トルエンスルホン酸ベンジル、トルエンスルホン酸2−フェニル−2−プロピル、トルエンスルホン酸2−フェニル−2−ブチル、オクチルスルホン酸ベンジル、オクチルスルホン酸2−フェニル−2−プロピル、オクチルスルホン酸2−フェニル−2−ブチル、ドデシルスルホン酸ベンジル、ドデシルスルホン酸2−フェニル−2−プロピル、ドデシルスルホン酸2−フェニル−2−ブチルなどをあげることができる。
【0035】
Y1が単結合であり、X1がホスホニウムカチオンであり、そしてmが1である場合の化合物として、ヘキシルスルホン酸テトラメチルホスホニウム塩、ヘキシルスルホン酸テトラエチルホスホニウム塩、ヘキシルスルホン酸テトラブチルホスホニウム塩、ヘキシルスルホン酸テトラヘキシルホスホニウム塩、ヘキシルスルホン酸テトラオクチルホスホニウム塩、オクチルスルホン酸テトラメチルホスホニウム塩、オクチルスルホン酸テトラエチルホスホニウム塩、オクチルスルホン酸テトラブチルホスホニウム塩、オクチルスルホン酸テトラヘキシルホスホニウム塩、オクチルスルホン酸テトラオクチルホスホニウム塩、デシルスルホン酸テトラメチルホスホニウム塩、デシルスルホン酸テトラエチルホスホニウム塩、デシルスルホン酸テトラブチルホスホニウム塩、デシルスルホン酸テトラヘキシルホスホニウム塩、デシルスルホン酸テトラオクチルホスホニウム塩、ドデシルスルホン酸テトラメチルホスホニウム塩、ドデシルスルホン酸テトラエチルホスホニウム塩、ドデシルスルホン酸テトラブチルホスホニウム塩、ドデシルスルホン酸テトラヘキシルホスホニウム塩、ドデシルスルホン酸テトラオクチルホスホニウム塩、ヘキサデシルスルホン酸テトラメチルホスホニウム塩、ヘキサデシルスルホン酸テトラエチルホスホニウム塩、ヘキサデシルスルホン酸テトラブチルホスホニウム塩、ヘキサデシルスルホン酸テトラヘキシルホスホニウム塩、ヘキサデシルスルホン酸テトラオクチルホスホニウム塩、ベンゼンスルホン酸テトラメチルホスホニウム塩、ベンゼンスルホン酸テトラエチルホスホニウム塩、ベンゼンスルホン酸テトラブチルホスホニウム塩、ベンゼンスルホン酸テトラヘキシルホスホニウム塩、ベンゼンスルホン酸テトラオクチルホスホニウム塩、トルエンスルホン酸テトラメチルホスホニウム塩、トルエンスルホン酸テトラエチルホスホニウム塩、トルエンスルホン酸テトラブチルホスホニウム塩、トルエンスルホン酸テトラヘキシルホスホニウム塩、トルエンスルホン酸テトラオクチルホスホニウム塩、ドデシルベンゼンスルホン酸テトラメチルホスホニウム塩、ドデシルベンゼンスルホン酸テトラエチルホスホニウム塩、ドデシルベンゼンスルホン酸テトラブチルホスホニウム塩、ドデシルベンゼンスルホン酸テトラヘキシルホスホニウム塩、ドデシルベンゼンスルホン酸テトラオクチルホスホニウム塩等が挙げられる。
【0036】
Y1が酸素原子であり、X1が2級もしくは3級の一価の炭化水素基でありそしてmが1である場合の化合物としては、A1とX1の炭素数の合計が8〜40であるのが好ましい。かかる具体例として、ジブチルサルフェート、ジペンチルサルフェート、ジヘキシルサルフェート、ジオクチルサルフェート、ジノニルサルフェート、ジデシルサルフェート、ジトリデシルサルフェート、ジテトラデシルサルフェート、ジヘキサデシルサルフェート、ジシクロヘキシルサルフェート、ジベンジルサルフェート等が挙げられる。これらの具体例のアルキル基はいずれも2級もしくは級であると理解されるべきである。
【0037】
Y1が酸素原子であり、X1が一当量の金属カチオンでありそしてmが1である場合の化合物として、ナトリウムオクチルサルフェート、カリウムオクチルサルフェート、セシウムオクチルサルフェート、リチウムデシルサルフェート、ナトリウムデシルサルフェート、ナトリウムドデシルサルフェート、カリウムドデシルサルフェート、リチウムテトラデシルサルフェート、ナトリウムテトラデシルサルフェート、カリウムデシルサルフェート、リチウムヘキサデシルサルフェート、ナトリウムオレイルサルフェート、カリウムヘキサデシルサルフェートが挙げられる。
【0038】
Y1が酸素原子であり、X1がアンモニウムカチオンである場合の化合物として、アンモニウムオクチルサルフェート、アンモニウムデシルサルフェート、アンモニウムドデシルサルフェート、アンモニウムヘキサデシルサルフェートの如きアンモニウム塩が挙げられる。
【0039】
また、メチルアンモニウムヘキシルサルフェート、メチルアンモニウムオクチルサルフェート、メチルアンモニウムヘキサデシルサルフェート、エチルアンモニウムヘキシルサルフェート、ブチルアンモニウムノナデシルサルフェート、ヘキシルアンモニウムオクタデシルサルフェート、デシルアンモニウムエチルサルフェート、デシルアンモニウムブチルサルフェート、デシルアンモニウムデシルサルフェート、ドデシルアンモニウムメチルサルフェート、ドデシルアンモニウムエチルサルフェート、ドデシルアンモニウムオクチルサルフェート、テトラデシルアンモニウムブチルサルフェート、ペンタデシルアンモニウムメチルサルフェート、ヘキサデシルアンモニウムブチルサルフェート、ヘキサデシルアンモニウムオクチルサルフェート、ヘキサデシルアンモニウムデシルサルフェート、ヘキサデシルアンモニウムドデシルサルフェートの如き1級アンモニウム塩が挙げられる。
【0040】
またジメチルアンモニウムヘキシルサルフェート、ジメチルアンモニウムオクチルサルフェート、ジメチルアンモニウムテトラデシルサルフェート、ジエチルアンモニウムオクタデシルサルフェート、ブチルメチルアンモニウムテトラデシルサルフェート、ヘキシルメチルアンモニウムテトラデシルサルフェート、デシルメチルアンモニウムメチルサルフェート、デシルエチルアンモニウムエチルサルフェート、デシルメチルアンモニウムオクチルサルフェート、ドデシルメチルアンモニウムメチルサルフェート、テトラデシルメチルアンモニウムメチルサルフェート、テトラデシルエチルアンモニウムサルフェート、ペンタデシルメチルアンモニウムメチルサルフェート、ペンタデシルエチルアンモニウムエチルサルフェート、ヘキサデシルメチルアンモニウムメチルサルフェート、ヘキサデシルエチルアンモニウムエチルサルフェートの如き2級アンモニウム塩が挙げられる。
また、トリメチルアンモニウムオクチルサルフェート、トリメチルアンモニウムデシルサルフェート、ブチルジメチルアンモニウムデシルサルフェート、ヘキシルジメチルアンモニウムドデシルサルフェート、デシルジメチルアンモニウムメチルサルフェート、デシルジメチルアンモニウムトリデシルサルフェート、ドデシルジエチルアンモニウムエチルサルフェート、ドデシルジブチルアンモニウムブチルサルフェート、ドデシルジメチルアンモニウムテトラデシルサルフェート、テトラデシルジメチルアンモニウムメチルサルフェート、テトラデシルメチルエチルアンモニウムメチルサルフェート、ペンタデシルジメチルアンモニウムメチルサルフェート、ヘキサデシルジメチルアンモニウムメチルサルフェート、ヘキサデシルメチルエチルアンモニウムエチルサルフェートの如き3級アンモニウム塩が挙げられる。
【0041】
また、テトラメチルアンモニウムヘキシルサルフェート、テトラエチルアンモニウムトリデシルサルフェート、ブチルトリメチルアンモニウムオクチルサルフェート、デシルトリメチルアンモニウムメチルサルフェート、デシルトリエチルアンモニウムエチルサルフェート、デシルトリメチルアンモニウムヘイサデシルサルフェート、ペンタデシルトリメチルアンモニウムメチルサルフェート、ペンタデシルジメチルエチルアンモニウムエチルサルフェートの如き4級アンモニウム塩が挙げられる。
【0042】
この中で、リチウムデシルサルフェート、ナトリウムデシルサルフェート、ナトリウムドデシルサルフェート、カリウムドデシルサルフェート、リチウムテトラデシルサルフェート、ナトリウムテトラデシルサルフェート、リチウムヘキサデシルサルフェート、ナトリウムオレイルサルフェート、ドデシルアンモニウムエチルサルフェート、ドデシルメチルアンモニウムメチルサルフェート、デシルメチルアンモニウムメチルサルフェート、デシルでチルアンモニウムエチルサルフェート、テトラデシルエチルアンモニウムエチルサルフェート、テトラデシルメチルエチルアンモニウムメチルサルフェート、ペンタデシルエチルアンモニウムエチルサルフェート、ヘキサデシルメチルアンモニウムメチルサルフェート、ヘキサデシルエチルアンモニウムエチルサルフェート、デシルジメチルアンモニウムメチルサルフェート、ヘキサデシルジメチルアンモニウムメチルサルフェート、ペンタデシルジメチルアンモニウムメチルサルフェート、ヘキサデシルメチルエチルアンモニウムエチルサルフェート、ペンタデシルジメチルエチルアンモニウムエチルサルフェート、デシルジメチルアンモニウムトリデシルサルフェート、テトラデシルジメチルアンモニウムメチルサルフェート、ドデシルジエチルアンモニウムエチルサルフェート、テトラデシルジエチルアンモニウムエチルサルフェート、デシルトリメチルアンモニウムメチルサルフェート、ペンタデシルトリメチルアンモニウムメチルサルフェート、デシルトリエチルアンモニウムエチルサルフェートがより好ましく用いられる。
【0043】
硫黄含有エステル化合物( II );
この化合物(II)は下記式(II)で表される。
【0044】
+X2−A2−Y1−SO3 − (II)
ここでA2は二価の炭化水素基であり、+X2は2〜4級のアンモニウムカチオンまたはホスホニウムカチオンであり、そしてY1の定義は前記式(I)の定義と同じである。上記式(II)中、A2の2価の炭化水素基としては2価の飽和脂肪族炭化水素基が好ましい。この飽和脂肪族炭化水素基としては炭素数1〜20のものがより好ましい。
【0045】
+X2はアンモニウムカチオンもしくはホスホニウムカチオンである。アンモニウムカチオンおよびホスホニウムカチオンは、互いに独立に水素原子または一価の炭化水素基を含有するものが好ましい。
上記式(II)で表わされる化合物の具体例としては下記の化合物を例示することができる。
【0046】
−SO3−(CH2)3−N+(CH3)3、
−SO3−(CH2)3−N+(C2H5)3、
−SO3−(CH2)3−P+(C4H9)3、
−SO3−(CH2)3−P+(C6H5)3、
−SO3−(CH2)3−N+(C2H5)3、
−SO3−(CH2)3−P+(C6H5)3、
−SO3−(CH2)3−P+(C4H9)3、
【0047】
硫黄含有エステル化合物( III );
この化合物(III)は下記式(III)で表される。
【0048】
A3−(+X3)n・(R−Y1−SO3 −)n (III)
ここで、A3はn価の炭化水素基であり、+X3はアンモニウムカチオンもしくはホスホニウムカチオンであり、Rは一価の炭化水素基でありnは2〜4の整数でありY1の定義は上記に同じである。
【0049】
A3のn価の炭化水素基としては、例えばn価の飽和脂肪族炭化水素基、芳香族炭化水素基または飽和脂肪族−芳香族炭化水素基が好ましい。
【0050】
また、+X3はアンモニウムカチオンおよびホスホニウムカチオンとしては、互いに独立に水素原子または一価の炭化水素基を含有するものが好ましい。
Rは一価の炭化水素基であり、その例としてはアルキル基、アリール基およびアラルキル基が好ましい。アルキル基としては炭素数1〜20のものが好ましく、アリール基としては炭素数6〜20のものが好ましく、アラルキル基とは炭素数7〜20のものが好ましい。
nは2、3または4であり、Y1の定義は前記と同じく、単結合もしくは酸素原子である。
【0051】
上記式(III)で表わされる化合物の具体例としては下記の化合物を例示することができる。Y1が単結合であり、+X3がアンモニウムカチオンであり、そしてnが2である場合の化合物として、
[(CH3)3N+−(CH2)10−N+(CH3)3]・(CH3−p−C6H4−SO3 −)2
[(CH3)3N+−(CH2)10−N+(CH3)3]・(C12H25−p−C6H4−SO3 −)2
[(CH3)3N+−(CH2)10−N+(CH3)3]・(C15H31SO3 −)2
[(CH3)3N+−(CH2)15−N+(CH3)3]・(CH3−p−C6H4−SO3 −)2
[(CH3)3N+−(CH2)15−N+(CH3)3]・(C12H25−p−C6H4−SO3 −)2
[(CH3)3N+−(CH2)15−N+(CH3)3]・(C15H31−SO3 −)2
[(C4H9)3N+−(CH2)10−N+(C4H9)3]・(CH3−p−C6H4−SO3 −)2
[(C4H9)3N+−(CH2)10−N+(C4H9)3]・(C12H25−p−C6H4−SO3 −)2
[(C4H9)3N+−(CH2)10−N+(C4H9)3]・(C15H31−SO3 −)2
を挙げることができる。
【0052】
Y1が酸素原子であり、+X3がアンモニウムカチオンであり、そしてnが2である場合の化合物として、
[(CH3)3N+−(CH2)10−N+(CH3)3]・(C15H31−SO4 −)2
[(CH3)3N+−(CH2)15−N+(CH3)3]・(C15H31−SO4 −)2
[(C4H9)3N+−(CH2)10−N+(C4H9)3]・(C15H31−SO4 −)2
を挙げることができる。
【0053】
Y1が単結合であり、+X3がホスホニウムカチオンであり、そしてnが2である場合の化合物として、
[(C4H9)3P+−(CH2)10−P+(C4H9)3]・(CH3−p−C6H4−SO3 −)2
[(C4H9)3P+−(CH2)10−P+(C4H9)3]・(C12H25−p−C6H4−SO3 −)2
[(C4H9)3P+−(CH2)10−P+(C4H9)3]・(C15H31−SO3 −)2
[(C6H5)3P+−(CH2)10−P+(C6H5)3]・(CH3−p−C6H4−SO3 −)2
[(C6H5)3P+−(CH2)10−P+(C6H5)3]・(C12H25−p−C6H4−SO3 −)2
[(C6H5)3P+−(CH2)10−P+(C6H5)3]・(C15H31−SO3 −)2
を挙げることができる。
【0054】
Y1が酸素原子であり、+X3がホスホニウムカチオンであり、そしてnが2である場合の化合物として、
[(C4H9)3P+−(CH2)10−P+(C4H9)3]・(C15H31−SO4 −)2
[(C6H5)3P+−(CH2)10−P+(C6H5)3]・(C15H31−SO3 −)2
等が用いられる。
【0055】
硫黄含有エステル化合物( IV );
この化合物(IV)は下記式(IV)で表される。
【0056】
A5−Ad1−A4−(Ad2−A5)k (IV)
ここで、A5は1または2価の炭化水素基であり、A4は2価の炭化水素基であり、Ad1およびAd2は、同一もしくは異なり−SO2−O−SO2−、−SO2−O−CO−または−CO−O−SO2−から選ばれる酸無水物であり、kは0または1である。但し、kが0のとき、−(Ad2−A5)kは水素原子を表わすかあるいはA4とA5とを結合する結合手を表わす(この場合、は2価の炭化水素基または単結合である)。
【0057】
A5が表わす一価の炭化水素基としては、例えばアルキル基、アリール基またはアラルキル基を好ましいものとして挙げることができる。アルキル基としては炭素数1〜20のものが好ましく、アリール基としては炭素数6〜20のものが好ましく、またアラルキル基としては炭素数7〜20のものが好ましい。
【0058】
A5が表わす2価の炭化水素基としては、例えばアルキレン基、アリーレン基およびアラルキレン基を挙げることができる。アルキレン基は炭素数1〜20のものが好ましく、アリーレン基は炭素数6〜20のものが好ましく、またアラルキル基としては炭素数7〜20のものが好ましい。
【0059】
A4は2価の炭化水素基であり、その例としてはA5の2価の炭化水素基と同じものを挙げることができる。
Ad1およびAd2は、同一もしくは異なり、−SO2−O−SO2−、−SO2−O−CO−または−CO−O−SO2−のいずれかの酸無水物基である。これらの酸無水物基は、スルホン酸とスルホン酸の間の無水物基(−SO2−O−SO2−)であるかあるいはスルホン酸とカルボン酸の間の無水物基(−SO2−O−CO−または−CO−O−SO2−)である。
【0060】
かかるスルホン酸化合物は、一価もしくは二価のスルホン酸化合物であり、具体的には、メチルスルホン酸、エチルスルホン酸、プロピルスルホン酸、ブチルスルホン酸、ヘキシルスルホン酸、デシルスルホン酸、ヘキサデシルスルホン酸、フェニルスルホン酸、p−トルエンスルホン酸、ドデシルベンゼンスルホン酸、オクタデシルベンゼンスルホン酸、ベンゼンジスルホン酸、トルエンジスルホン酸等が用いられる。
【0061】
同様に、カルボン酸化合物は、一価もしくは二価のカルボン酸化合物であり、具体的には、酢酸、プロピオン酸、酪酸、吉草酸、ステアリン酸、ミリスチン酸、オレイン酸、安息香酸、フェニル酢酸、トルイル酸、コハク酸、グルタル酸、アジピン酸、フタル酸、イソフタル酸、テレフタル酸等が用いられる。
【0062】
上記式(IV)で表わされる化合物の具体例としては下記の化合物を挙げることができる。
CH3−p−C6H4−SO2−O−SO2−p−C6H4−SO2−O−SO2−p−C6H4−CH3
CH3−CO−O−SO2−p−C6H4−SO2−O−CO−CH3
C6H5−CO−O−SO2−p−C6H4−SO2−O−CO−C6H5
CH3−SO2−O−CO−m−C6H4−CO−O−SO2−CH3
CH3−(CH2)6−SO2−O−CO−m−C6H4−CO−O−SO2−(CH2)6−CH3
C6H5−SO2−O−CO−m−C6H4−CO−O−SO2−C6H5
CH3−p−C6H4−SO2−O−CO−m−C6H4−CO−O−SO2−p−C6H4−CH3
C12H25−p−C6H4−SO2−O−CO−m−C6H4−CO−O−SO2−p−C6H4−C12H25
(CH3SO2)2O
(CH3CH2SO2)2O
(CH3(CH2)3SO2)2O
(CH3(CH2)6SO2)2O
(C6H5−SO2)2O
(CH3−p−C6H5−SO2)2O
(C12H25−p−C6H5−SO2)2O
(CH3(CH2)3−SO2)−O−(SO2−p−C6H4−CH3)
(CH3−p−C6H4−SO2)−O−(SO2−p−C6H4−C12H25)
(CH3−CO)−O−(SO2−(CH2)6−CH3)
(CH3−CO)−O−(SO2−C6H5)
(CH3−CO)−O−(SO2−p−C6H4−CH3)
(CH3−CO)−O−(SO2−p−C6H4−C12H25)
(C6H5−CO)−O−(SO2−(CH2)6−CH3)
(C6H5−CO)−O−(SO2−C6H5)
(C6H5−CO)−O−(SO2−p−C6H4−CH3)
【0063】
【化1】
【0064】
本発明において、重縮合触媒の活性を失活させるには、芳香族ポリカーボネート樹脂中の重縮合触媒1モル当たり0.5〜50モル、好ましくは0.5〜20モル、特に好ましくは1〜15モルの前記触媒失活剤を添加することが望ましい。特に前記触媒失活剤は、その種類や重縮合触媒の濃度によってその量は左右されるが一般には0.01〜500ppmの割合、好ましくは0.05〜300ppmの割合、より好ましくは0.1〜100ppmの割合で使用される。
【0065】
上記式硫黄含有エステル化合物の中でもホスホニウムもしくはアンモニウム塩型の触媒失活剤はそれ自身200℃以上でも特に安定である。そしてその触媒失活剤をポリマーに添加した場合すみやかに触媒を無毒化し、目的とするポリマーを得ることができる。
【0066】
触媒失活剤を芳香族ポリカーボネート樹脂中に添加する方法には特に限定されない。例えば、反応生成物であるポリカーボネート樹脂が溶融状態にある間にこれらを添加してもよいし、一旦ポリカーボネート樹脂をペレタイズした後再溶融して添加してもよい。前者においては、重縮合反応が終了して得られる溶融状態にある反応器内又は押出機内の反応生成物であるポリカーボネート樹脂が溶融状態にある間に、これらを添加してポリカーボネート樹脂を形成した後、押出機を通してペレタイズしてもよいし、また、重縮合反応で得られたポリカーボネート樹脂が反応器を通ってペレタイズされる間に、触媒失活剤を添加して混練することによって目的とするポリカーボネート樹脂を得ることが出来る。
【0067】
この際、これらの各化合物は同時に添加してものよいし、別々に添加してもよい。また、これらの各化合物を組み合わせて添加する場合、これらの添加順序は問わない。
本発明では、上記のようにして得られるポリカーボネートに、本発明の目的を損なわない範囲で、耐熱安定剤、紫外線吸収剤、離型剤、着色剤、有機系充填剤、無機系充填剤などを添加してもよい。このような添加剤は、芳香族ジヒドロキシ化合物と同時に添加してもよいし、別々に添加してもよい。
【0068】
【実施例】
以下に実施例を挙げて本発明を説明するが、本発明はこれら実施例に限定されるものではない。
実施例中、芳香族ポリカーボネート樹脂の成形および評価は下記方法により実施した。
【0069】
(1)残存触媒活性指数;
芳香族ポリカーボネート樹脂の溶融粘度の1分間当たりの変化率(%/min)と定義した。この値は、レオメトリックス社製RAA型流動解析装置にて、乾燥した窒素気流下、270℃、剪断速度1rad/secにて粘度を30分間測定した。
下記式により算出した値を意味する。
【0070】
【数2】
【0071】
(2)ディスク基板の成形;
芳香族ポリカーボネート樹脂からのディスク基板成形:ディスク基板の成形は、住友重機械工業(株)製射出成形機DISK3M3と情報信号に対応した凸凹形状を持つスタンパーが設置された厚さ1.2mm、直径120mmのキャビティを持つ金型を用いてバレル温度340℃にておこなった。
【0072】
(3)熱安定性;
試料ペレットを120℃で5時間乾燥した後、住友重機械工業(株)製射出成形機SG−150を用い、シリンダー温度340℃で10分間滞留させたものとさせないものの試験片(縦70mm、横50mm、厚み2mm)をそれぞれ作成し、その色相の変化を測定した。色相の変化は、JIS Z 8730に従い、日本電色(株)モデルZ−1001DPを用い、それぞれのL、a、b値を測定して、次式により算出した。
△E={(L−L’)2+(a−a’)2+(b−b’)2}1/2
(L、a、bは滞留させないもの、L’、a’、b’は10分間滞留させたもの)
【0073】
(4)ディスクの白点数(湿熱処理後)
過酷な雰囲気下に長時間放置した時の白点の増加を再現する為に、ディスクを温度80℃、相対湿度85%に制御した恒温恒湿槽に1000時間保持し、その後偏光顕微鏡を用いて20μm以上の白点の数を数えた。これを25枚の光学式ディスク基板について行い、その平均値を求め、これを白点個数とした。
【0074】
実施例1〜6
2,2’−ビス(4−ヒドロキシフェニル)プロパン(ビスフェノールA)228重量部、ジフェニルカーボネート214重量部、テトラメチルアンモニウムヒドロキシド0.073重量部および下記表1〜2に示す金属触媒の所定量を、攪拌装置、減圧装置および蒸留塔等を具備した反応装置に仕込み、180℃、N2雰囲気下、30分間攪拌し溶解した。
【0075】
次いで同温度で100mmHgの減圧下、1時間フェノールを溜去しつつ反応させた。さらに200℃に昇温しつつ、30mmHgに減圧し、同温度、同圧力で1時間反応せしめた。さらに反応系を280℃に昇温し、0.5mmHgに減圧し、同温度、同圧力で1時間反応せしめ得られた樹脂に、表1および表2に示した量の触媒失活剤を添加した。このポリマーをギアポンプでエクストルーダーに送った。エクストルーダー途中でトリス(2,4−ジーtert−ブチルフェニル)ホスファイトを0.01重量%、ステアリン酸モノグリセリドを0.08重量%加え、ポリカーボネートペレットを得た。ペレタイズした樹脂を使用してディスク基板の成形をし、その基板の残存触媒活性指数の評価、熱安定性評価、白点発生の評価をおこなった。その結果を下記表1および表2に示した。
【0076】
比較例1
触媒失活剤量を使用しない以外は、実施例1と同様にしてポリカーボネート樹脂ペレットを得て同様に評価した。その結果を表3に示した。
【0077】
【表1】
【0078】
【表2】
【0079】
【表3】
【0080】
【発明の効果】
本発明によればポリカーボネート樹脂の残存触媒活性指数を一定量以下とすることにより、熱安定性に優れかつ極めて信頼性の高い光ディスク基板を得ることができた。さらにデジタルビデオディスク(DVD)等の高密度光ディスクにおいても、その奏する効果は格別に優れている。[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a substrate for an optical disk that can maintain high reliability for a long period of time.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Generally, an aromatic polycarbonate resin, which is superior to other resins in terms of moldability, mechanical strength, transparency and the like, is used as a material for a disk substrate such as an optical disk or a magnetic disk. As a method for producing an aromatic polycarbonate resin, an interfacial method in which a dihydroxy compound and phosgene are directly reacted, and a melting method in which a dihydroxy compound and a carbonic acid diester are transesterified under heating and reduced pressure are known. Among them, the latter melting method has an advantage that the aromatic polycarbonate resin can be produced at lower cost than the former interface method. Here, in a conventional method for producing an aromatic polycarbonate by a melting method, usually, a metal catalyst such as an alkali metal compound and an alkaline earth metal compound is used as a catalyst component. For example, JP-A-8-59975 describes a method for producing an aromatic polycarbonate by a melting method.
[0003]
The production of disk substrates such as optical disks and laser disks is generally performed by injection molding, the molding temperature of which is higher than 300 ° C., and continuous production is required. Therefore, high heat stability is required for the polycarbonate resin. However, since the aromatic polycarbonate resin obtained by the melting method using the above-mentioned metal catalyst is a remaining metal catalyst, a part of the aromatic polycarbonate resin may be thermally decomposed at the time of melt-molding, resulting in poor thermal stability. Further, when the disk is left under high temperature and high humidity for a long period of time, there is a disadvantage that white spots are generated on the substrate and long-term reliability is impaired. In recent years, including this problem, there is an increasing demand for further improvement in performance of the disk substrate.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide an optical disk substrate which minimizes the above-mentioned problems, that is, an optical disk substrate having high stability during molding and long-term reliability.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present inventors have further studied to solve the above problem. While the metal catalyst has a bad influence on the thermal stability of the disk substrate, it is necessary for the polycondensation reaction. Further, in order to suppress the thermal stability, it is possible to deactivate the metal catalyst by using a catalyst deactivator.
[0006]
According to the study of the present inventors, it has been found that too much use of the catalyst deactivator affects the thermal stability and reliability of the disk substrate. The appropriate amount of the catalyst deactivator depends on its type and the type and concentration of the metal catalyst, but the appropriate amount is not constant.However, the degree of deactivation of the metal catalyst in the aromatic polycarbonate resin depends on the melting conditions of the resin under the melting conditions. A disc substrate made of an aromatic polycarbonate resin having a rate of change of melt viscosity under a certain condition that is roughly determined by examining a change in viscosity, and thus under a certain condition, has excellent thermal stability, and has a long term as a disc substrate. It turned out that reliability was maintained.
[0007]
That is, under the conditions described below, the melt viscosity when the aromatic polycarbonate resin is melted and held is measured over time, and the viscosity change rate per minute of the viscosity is defined as the residual catalyst activity index. The present inventors have found that an aromatic polycarbonate resin having a certain value or less has the above-mentioned excellent properties as a material for an optical disk substrate, and have reached the present invention.
[0008]
Thus, according to the present invention, there is provided an optical disc substrate made of an aromatic polycarbonate resin having a residual catalytic activity index of 2% or less, produced by a melt polymerization method.
[0009]
In the present invention, the residual catalytic activity index is determined by measuring the difference between the melt viscosities of the aromatic polycarbonate resin melted at 270 ° C. in a dry nitrogen stream at a shear rate of 1 rad / sec. Is converted to a value per minute, and is represented by the following equation (1).
[0010]
(Equation 1)
[0011]
In the present invention, the use of an aromatic polycarbonate resin having a residual catalyst activity index value of 2% or less as defined by the above general formula (1) as an optical disk substrate provides excellent thermal stability and high temperature for a long period of time. An optical disk is provided that does not impair the reliability of reading a record even when the optical disk is kept under high humidity conditions.
[0012]
In order for the aromatic polycarbonate resin to have a residual catalyst activity index of 2% or less, preferably 1% or less, it is necessary to degrade the activity of the metal catalyst used in the melt polymerization method. Is indispensable. The addition amount of the catalyst deactivator is determined experimentally based on the type and amount, or if used in an excessively large amount, the activity of the metal catalyst is deactivated, but the effect of the catalyst deactivator is remarkable. And the long-term reliability is reduced.
[0013]
The long-term reliability of a disk substrate can be evaluated by holding the disk substrate for a long time under high temperature and high humidity conditions and examining the number of white spots having a size of 20 μm or more present inside the disk substrate. . That is, it is confirmed by checking the number of white spots having a diameter of 20 μm or more after the disk substrate is kept in a thermo-hygrostat controlled at a temperature of 80 ° C. and a relative humidity of 85% for 1000 hours. The number of white spots generated on a disk substrate obtained from the aromatic polycarbonate resin of the present invention is 2 or less per substrate having a diameter of 120 mm and a thickness of 0.6 mm, and is 1 or less under suitable conditions.
[0014]
The aromatic polycarbonate resin obtained by the melt polymerization method used in the disk substrate of the present invention preferably has a viscosity average molecular weight of 12,000 to 20,000, and is preferably in the presence of a polycondensation metal catalyst of an aromatic dihydroxy compound and a carbonic acid diester. And subjecting it to a melt polycondensation reaction. A polycarbonate resin having such a viscosity average molecular weight is preferable because sufficient strength is obtained as an optical material, and the melt fluidity during molding is good, and molding distortion is not generated. The viscosity average molecular weight referred to in the present invention is a specific viscosity (η) obtained from a solution obtained by dissolving 0.7 g of a polycarbonate resin in 100 mL of methylene chloride at 20 ° C.sp) In the following equation.
[0015]
ηsp/C=[η]+0.45×[η]2c (where [η] is the intrinsic viscosity)
[Η] = 1.23 × 10-4M0.83
c = 0.7
[0016]
Specific examples of the aromatic dihydroxy compound include bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) methane, 1,1-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) ethane, 2,2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) propane, and 2,2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) butane, 2,2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) octane, 2,2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) phenylmethane, 2,2-bis (4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl) Bis (hydroxyaryl) alkanes such as propane, 1,1-bis (4-hydroxy-t-butylphenyl) propane, 2,2-bis (4-hydroxy-3-bromophenyl) propane, 1,1-bis Bis (hydr) such as (4-hydroxyphenyl) cyclopentane and 1,1-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) cyclohexane (Xyaryl) cycloalkanes, dihydroxydiarylethers such as 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenylether, 4,4'-dihydroxy-3,3'-dimethyldiphenylether, 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenylsulfide, 4,4'-dihydroxy Dihydroxydiaryl sulfides such as -3,3'-dimethylphenyl sulfide, dihydroxy diaryl sulfoxides such as 4,4'-dihydroxy diphenyl sulfoxide, 4,4'-dihydroxy-3,3'-dimethyl diphenyl sulfoxide, 4,4 Dihydroxydiaryl sulfones such as' -dihydroxydiphenyl sulfone and 4,4'-dihydroxy-3,3'-dimethyldiphenyl sulfone are used. Of these, 2,2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) propane is particularly preferred. These aromatic dihydroxy compounds may be used in combination of two or more.
[0017]
As the carbonic acid diester used in the present invention, esters such as aryl, aralkyl, alkyl having 1 to 5 carbons, and cycloalkyl having 3 to 8 carbons which may be substituted are preferable.
[0018]
Specific examples of the carbonic acid diester include diphenyl carbonate, ditolyl carbonate, bis (chlorophenyl) carbonate, m-cresyl carbonate, dinaphthyl carbonate, bis (diphenyl) carbonate, diethyl carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, dibutyl carbonate, dicyclohexyl carbonate, and the like. Used. Of these, diphenyl carbonate is particularly preferred.
[0019]
The amount of the carbonic acid diester to be used is preferably in the range of 80 to 300% by mole, preferably 90 to 280%, and particularly preferably 95 to 250% by mole based on the aromatic dihydroxy compound.
[0020]
As the polycondensation metal catalyst used in the present invention, those which give good quality polycarbonate polymers with little side reaction and little coloring, using the above-mentioned carbonic acid diester and aromatic dihydroxy compound as starting materials, are preferably used. For example, at least one catalyst selected from the group consisting of alkali metal compounds and alkaline earth metal compounds is preferably used. Other catalysts such as nitrogen-containing basic compounds can be used in combination with these polycondensation metal catalysts.
[0021]
Examples of the alkali metal compound of the polycondensation catalyst include alkali metal hydroxide, hydrogen carbonate, carbonate, acetate, nitrate, nitrite, sulfite, cyanate, thiocyanate, stearate, hydrogenation Boron salts, benzoates, hydrogen phosphates, bisphenols, salts of phenols and the like can be mentioned. Specific examples include sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide, sodium bicarbonate, potassium bicarbonate, lithium bicarbonate, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, lithium carbonate, sodium acetate, potassium acetate, lithium acetate, sodium nitrate, Potassium nitrate, lithium nitrate, sodium nitrite, potassium nitrite, lithium nitrite, sodium sulfite, potassium sulfite, lithium sulfite, atrium cyanate, potassium cyanate, lithium cyanate, sodium thiocyanate, potassium thiocyanate, lithium thiocyanate, stearin Sodium silicate, potassium stearate, lithium stearate, sodium borohydride, potassium borohydride, lithium borohydride, sodium borohydride, sodium benzoate, benzoate Potassium acid, lithium benzoate, disodium hydrogen phosphate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, dilithium hydrogen phosphate, disodium salt of bisphenol A, dipotassium salt, dilithium salt, sodium salt of phenol, potassium salt, lithium salt, etc. .
[0022]
Further, as the alkaline earth metal compound of the polycondensation catalyst, for example, alkaline earth metal hydroxide, hydrogen carbonate, carbonate, acetate, nitrate, nitrite, sulfite, cyanate, thiocyanate, Examples include stearates, borohydrides, benzoates, hydrogen phosphates, bisphenols, salts of phenols, and the like. Specifically, calcium hydroxide, barium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, strontium hydroxide, calcium hydrogen carbonate, barium hydrogen carbonate, magnesium hydrogen carbonate, strontium hydrogen carbonate, calcium carbonate, barium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, strontium carbonate, acetic acid Calcium, barium acetate, magnesium acetate, strontium acetate, calcium nitrite, barium nitrite, magnesium nitrite, strontium nitrite, calcium sulfite, barium sulfite, magnesium sulfite, strontium sulfite, calcium cyanate, barium cyanate, magnesium cyanate , Strontium cyanate, calcium thiocyanate, barium thiocyanate, magnesium thiocyanate, strontium thiocyanate, calcium stearate Barium stearate, magnesium stearate, and stearic acid strontium.
[0023]
Examples of the nitrogen-containing basic compound of the polymerization catalyst include tetramethylammonium hydroxide (Me4NOH), tetraethylammonium hydroxide (Et4NOH), tetrabutylammonium hydroxide (Bu4NOH), trimethylbenzylammonium hydroxide (φ-CH2(Me)3NOH), such as ammonium hydroxides having alkyl, aryl, araryl groups and the like, tertiary amines such as triethylamine, tributylamine, dimethylbenzylamine, hexadecyldimethylamine, R0 2NH (where R0Is an alkyl group such as methyl and ethyl, and an aryl group such as phenyl and toluyl.0NH2(Where R0Are the same as described above), imidazoles such as 2-methylimidazole, or tetramethylammonium borohydride (Me4NBH4), Tetrabutylammonium borohydride (Bu4NBH4), Tetrabutylammonium tetraphenylborate (Bu4NBPh4), Tetramethylammonium tetraphenylborate (Me4NBPh4And the like.
[0024]
If desired, other metal catalysts can be used in combination with the polycondensation catalyst as described above. As such a metal catalyst, for example, metal elements belonging to groups IIB, IIIB, IVA and IVB of the periodic table and compounds thereof can be preferably used.
The reaction between the aromatic dihydroxy compound and the carbonic acid diester as described above may be performed in a continuous manner or in a batch manner. The reaction apparatus used for performing the above reaction may be a tank type, a tube type, or a column type.
[0025]
In the aromatic polycarbonate resin obtained using the polycondensation catalyst, the catalyst exists in an active state. In the present invention, the residual catalyst activity index is reduced to 2% or less by deactivating the catalyst remaining in the resin. Therefore, a catalyst deactivator may be added to the resin, and examples of the catalyst deactivator include the following compounds.
[0026]
That is, the catalyst deactivator used in the present invention deactivates the catalyst activity by neutralizing an alkaline compound such as an alkali metal compound or an alkaline earth metal compound which is a metal catalyst. For example, an acidic compound and a sulfur-containing ester are mentioned. Typical acidic compounds mentioned herein include boron compounds such as zinc acetate, zinc borate and boron phosphate and borate esters; stearates such as aluminum stearate and zinc stearate; antimony oxide and alkylantimony such as Antimony compounds; titanium compounds such as alkoxytitanium and titanium oxide; partial esters of phosphoric acid such as phosphoric acid and diphenylacid phosphate; phosphoric acid-based compounds such as phosphorous acid, hypophosphorous acid, pyrophosphoric acid and polyphosphoric acid; Organic acids such as benzoic acid, citric acid, adipic acid and L-ascorbic acid; and boric acid.
[0027]
The sulfur-containing ester compound used as the catalyst deactivator may be any compound having an action of deactivating the catalytic activity of the polycondensation catalyst, and specifically includes the following sulfur-containing ester compounds (I) to (I). (IV).
[0028]
Sulfur-containing ester compound (I);
This compound (I) is represented by the following formula (I).
[0029]
A1− (Y1-SO3X1)m (I)
Where A1Is an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group, and Y is1Is a single bond or a hydrogen atom, and X1Is a primary to tertiary hydrocarbon group, one equivalent of a metal cation, an ammonium cation or a phosphonium cation, and m is an integer of 1 to 4.
[0030]
A1Preferred examples of the hydrocarbon group which may have a substituent include a m-valent saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon, an aromatic hydrocarbon group, and an aliphatic-aromatic hydrocarbon group.
[0031]
X1Is more preferably a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, or a phenyl group.
[0032]
One equivalent of the metal cation includes, for example, an alkali metal cation such as lithium, sodium and potassium, 1 / of an alkaline earth metal cation such as calcium and barium, and 3 of a trivalent metal cation such as aluminum. I can do it.
[0033]
Specific examples of the compound represented by the above formula (I) include, for example, the following compounds.
[0034]
Y1Is a single bond, and X1Is a tertiary monovalent hydrocarbon group and m is 1, benzylbenzenesulfonate, 2-phenyl-2-propylbenzenesulfonate, 2-phenyl-2-benzenebenzenesulfonate Butyl, benzyl toluenesulfonate, 2-phenyl-2-propyl toluenesulfonate, 2-phenyl-2-butyltoluenesulfonate, benzyl octylsulfonate, 2-phenyl-2-propyl octylsulfonate, 2-octylsulfonic acid 2- Examples thereof include phenyl-2-butyl, benzyl dodecylsulfonate, 2-phenyl-2-propyl dodecylsulfonate, 2-phenyl-2-butyl dodecylsulfonate, and the like.
[0035]
Y1Is a single bond, and X1Is a phosphonium cation, and when m is 1, compounds such as hexylsulfonic acid tetramethylphosphonium salt, hexylsulfonic acid tetraethylphosphonium salt, hexylsulfonic acid tetrabutylphosphonium salt, hexylsulfonic acid tetrahexylphosphonium salt, hexylsulfone Tetraoctylphosphonate, Tetramethylphosphonium octylsulfonate, Tetraethylphosphonium octylsulfonate, Tetrabutylphosphonium octylsulfonate, Tetrahexylphosphonium octylsulfonate, Tetraoctylphosphonium octylsulfonate, Tetramethyl decylsulfonate Phosphonium salt, tetraethylphosphonium decylsulfonate, tetrabutylphosphonium decylsulfonate Tetrahexylphosphonium decylsulfonate, tetraoctylphosphonium decylsulfonate, tetramethylphosphonium dodecylsulfonate, tetraethylphosphonium dodecylsulfonate, tetrabutylphosphonium dodecylsulfonate, tetrahexylphosphonium dodecylsulfonate, dodecylsulfonate Tetraoctylphosphonium salt, tetramethylphosphonium hexadecylsulfonate, tetraethylphosphonium hexadecylsulfonate, tetrabutylphosphonium hexadecylsulfonate, tetrahexylphosphonium hexadecylsulfonate, tetraoctylphosphonium hexadecylsulfonate, benzene Tetramethylphosphonium sulfonate, Tetraethylphosphonate benzenesulfonate Tetrabutylphosphonium salt, benzenesulfonic acid tetrahexylphosphonium salt, benzenesulfonic acid tetraoctylphosphonium salt, toluenesulfonic acid tetramethylphosphonium salt, toluenesulfonic acid tetraethylphosphonium salt, toluenesulfonic acid tetrabutylphosphonium salt, Tetrahexylphosphonium toluenesulfonate, tetraoctylphosphonium toluenesulfonate, tetramethylphosphonium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, tetraethylphosphonium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, tetrabutylphosphonium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, tetrahexylphosphonium dodecylbenzenesulfonate And dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid tetraoctylphosphonium salt and the like. You.
[0036]
Y1Is an oxygen atom, and X1Is a secondary or tertiary monovalent hydrocarbon group, and m is 1.1And X1Is preferably 8 to 40 in total. Specific examples include dibutyl sulfate, dipentyl sulfate, dihexyl sulfate, dioctyl sulfate, dinonyl sulfate, didecyl sulfate, ditridecyl sulfate, ditetradecyl sulfate, dihexadecyl sulfate, dicyclohexyl sulfate, dibenzyl sulfate, and the like. It is to be understood that any of the alkyl groups in these embodiments is secondary or primary.
[0037]
Y1Is an oxygen atom, and X1Is an equivalent metal cation and m is 1. As a compound, sodium octyl sulfate, potassium octyl sulfate, cesium octyl sulfate, lithium decyl sulfate, sodium decyl sulfate, sodium dodecyl sulfate, potassium dodecyl sulfate, lithium tetradecyl Sulfate, sodium tetradecyl sulfate, potassium decyl sulfate, lithium hexadecyl sulfate, sodium oleyl sulfate, potassium hexadecyl sulfate.
[0038]
Y1Is an oxygen atom, and X1When is a ammonium cation, examples of the compound include ammonium salts such as ammonium octyl sulfate, ammonium decyl sulfate, ammonium dodecyl sulfate, and ammonium hexadecyl sulfate.
[0039]
Also, methyl ammonium hexyl sulfate, methyl ammonium octyl sulfate, methyl ammonium hexadecyl sulfate, ethyl ammonium hexyl sulfate, butyl ammonium nonadecyl sulfate, hexyl ammonium octadecyl sulfate, decyl ammonium ethyl sulfate, decyl ammonium butyl sulfate, decyl ammonium decyl sulfate, dodecyl Ammonium methyl sulfate, dodecyl ammonium ethyl sulfate, dodecyl ammonium octyl sulfate, tetradecyl ammonium butyl sulfate, pentadecyl ammonium methyl sulfate, hexadecyl ammonium butyl sulfate, hexadecyl ammonium octyl sulfate DOO, hexadecyl ammonium decyl sulfate, primary ammonium salts such as hexadecyl ammonium dodecyl sulfate and the like.
[0040]
Also, dimethyl ammonium hexyl sulfate, dimethyl ammonium octyl sulfate, dimethyl ammonium tetradecyl sulfate, diethyl ammonium octadecyl sulfate, butyl methyl ammonium tetradecyl sulfate, hexyl methyl ammonium tetradecyl sulfate, decyl methyl ammonium methyl sulfate, decyl ethyl ammonium ethyl sulfate, decyl methyl Ammonium octyl sulfate, dodecyl methyl ammonium methyl sulfate, tetradecyl methyl ammonium methyl sulfate, tetradecyl ethyl ammonium sulfate, pentadecyl methyl ammonium methyl sulfate, pentadecyl ethyl ammonium ethyl sulfate, hexadecyl Methyl sulfate, secondary ammonium salts such as hexadecyl ethyl ammonium ethylsulfate and the like.
Also, trimethyl ammonium octyl sulfate, trimethyl ammonium decyl sulfate, butyl dimethyl ammonium decyl sulfate, hexyl dimethyl ammonium dodecyl sulfate, decyl dimethyl ammonium methyl sulfate, decyl dimethyl ammonium tridecyl sulfate, dodecyl diethyl ammonium ethyl sulfate, dodecyl dibutyl ammonium butyl sulfate, dodecyl Dimethyl ammonium tetradecyl sulfate, tetradecyl dimethyl ammonium methyl sulfate, tetradecyl methyl ethyl ammonium methyl sulfate, pentadecyl dimethyl ammonium methyl sulfate, hexadecyl dimethyl ammonium methyl sulfate, hexadecyl methyl ether Tertiary ammonium salts such as Le ammonium ethylsulfate and the like.
[0041]
Also, tetramethyl ammonium hexyl sulfate, tetraethyl ammonium tridecyl sulfate, butyl trimethyl ammonium octyl sulfate, decyl trimethyl ammonium methyl sulfate, decyl triethyl ammonium ethyl sulfate, decyl trimethyl ammonium heisadecyl sulfate, pentadecyl trimethyl ammonium methyl sulfate, pentadecyl dimethyl A quaternary ammonium salt such as ethylammonium ethyl sulfate may be used.
[0042]
Among them, lithium decyl sulfate, sodium decyl sulfate, sodium dodecyl sulfate, potassium dodecyl sulfate, lithium tetradecyl sulfate, sodium tetradecyl sulfate, lithium hexadecyl sulfate, sodium oleyl sulfate, dodecyl ammonium ethyl sulfate, dodecyl methyl ammonium methyl sulfate, Decyl methyl ammonium methyl sulfate, decyl tillammonium ethyl sulfate, tetradecyl ethyl ammonium ethyl sulfate, tetradecyl methyl ethyl ammonium methyl sulfate, pentadecyl ethyl ammonium ethyl sulfate, hexadecyl methyl ammonium methyl sulfate, hexadecyl ethyl sulfate Monium ethyl sulfate, decyl dimethyl ammonium methyl sulfate, hexadecyl dimethyl ammonium methyl sulfate, pentadecyl dimethyl ammonium methyl sulfate, hexadecyl methyl ethyl ammonium ethyl sulfate, pentadecyl dimethyl ethyl ammonium ethyl sulfate, decyl dimethyl ammonium tridecyl sulfate, tetradecyl dimethyl Ammonium methyl sulfate, dodecyl diethyl ammonium ethyl sulfate, tetradecyl diethyl ammonium ethyl sulfate, decyl trimethyl ammonium methyl sulfate, pentadecyl trimethyl ammonium methyl sulfate, decyl triethyl ammonium ethyl sulfate are more preferably used. .
[0043]
Sulfur-containing ester compound ( II );
This compound (II) is represented by the following formula (II).
[0044]
+X2-A2-Y1-SO3 − (II)
Where A2Is a divalent hydrocarbon group,+X2Is a secondary or quaternary ammonium or phosphonium cation;1Is the same as the definition of the formula (I). In the above formula (II), A2The divalent hydrocarbon group is preferably a divalent saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group. As this saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group, those having 1 to 20 carbon atoms are more preferable.
[0045]
+X2Is an ammonium cation or a phosphonium cation. The ammonium cation and the phosphonium cation preferably each independently contain a hydrogen atom or a monovalent hydrocarbon group.
Specific examples of the compound represented by the above formula (II) include the following compounds.
[0046]
-SO3− (CH2)3-N+(CH3)3,
-SO3− (CH2)3-N+(C2H5)3,
-SO3− (CH2)3-P+(C4H9)3,
-SO3− (CH2)3-P+(C6H5)3,
-SO3− (CH2)3-N+(C2H5)3,
-SO3− (CH2)3-P+(C6H5)3,
-SO3− (CH2)3-P+(C4H9)3,
[0047]
Sulfur-containing ester compound ( III );
This compound (III) is represented by the following formula (III).
[0048]
A3− (+X3)n・ (RY1-SO3 −)n (III)
Where A3Is an n-valent hydrocarbon group,+X3Is an ammonium cation or a phosphonium cation; R is a monovalent hydrocarbon group; n is an integer of 2 to 4;1Is the same as above.
[0049]
A3The n-valent hydrocarbon group is preferably, for example, an n-valent saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group, an aromatic hydrocarbon group or a saturated aliphatic-aromatic hydrocarbon group.
[0050]
Also,+X3Preferably, the ammonium cation and the phosphonium cation each independently contain a hydrogen atom or a monovalent hydrocarbon group.
R is a monovalent hydrocarbon group, examples of which are preferably an alkyl group, an aryl group and an aralkyl group. The alkyl group preferably has 1 to 20 carbon atoms, the aryl group preferably has 6 to 20 carbon atoms, and the aralkyl group preferably has 7 to 20 carbon atoms.
n is 2, 3 or 4;1Is a single bond or an oxygen atom as described above.
[0051]
Specific examples of the compound represented by the above formula (III) include the following compounds. Y1Is a single bond,+X3Is an ammonium cation and n is 2
[(CH3)3N+− (CH2)10-N+(CH3)3] ・ (CH3-P-C6H4-SO3 −)2
[(CH3)3N+− (CH2)10-N+(CH3)3] ・ (C12H25-P-C6H4-SO3 −)2
[(CH3)3N+− (CH2)10-N+(CH3)3] ・ (CFifteenH31SO3 −)2
[(CH3)3N+− (CH2)Fifteen-N+(CH3)3] ・ (CH3-P-C6H4-SO3 −)2
[(CH3)3N+− (CH2)Fifteen-N+(CH3)3] ・ (C12H25-P-C6H4-SO3 −)2
[(CH3)3N+− (CH2)Fifteen-N+(CH3)3] ・ (CFifteenH31-SO3 −)2
[(C4H9)3N+− (CH2)10-N+(C4H9)3] ・ (CH3-P-C6H4-SO3 −)2
[(C4H9)3N+− (CH2)10-N+(C4H9)3] ・ (C12H25-P-C6H4-SO3 −)2
[(C4H9)3N+− (CH2)10-N+(C4H9)3] ・ (CFifteenH31-SO3 −)2
Can be mentioned.
[0052]
Y1Is an oxygen atom,+X3Is an ammonium cation and n is 2
[(CH3)3N+− (CH2)10-N+(CH3)3] ・ (CFifteenH31-SO4 −)2
[(CH3)3N+− (CH2)Fifteen-N+(CH3)3] ・ (CFifteenH31-SO4 −)2
[(C4H9)3N+− (CH2)10-N+(C4H9)3] ・ (CFifteenH31-SO4 −)2
Can be mentioned.
[0053]
Y1Is a single bond,+X3Is a phosphonium cation, and n is 2
[(C4H9)3P+− (CH2)10-P+(C4H9)3] ・ (CH3-P-C6H4-SO3 −)2
[(C4H9)3P+− (CH2)10-P+(C4H9)3] ・ (C12H25-P-C6H4-SO3 −)2
[(C4H9)3P+− (CH2)10-P+(C4H9)3] ・ (CFifteenH31-SO3 −)2
[(C6H5)3P+− (CH2)10-P+(C6H5)3] ・ (CH3-P-C6H4-SO3 −)2
[(C6H5)3P+− (CH2)10-P+(C6H5)3] ・ (C12H25-P-C6H4-SO3 −)2
[(C6H5)3P+− (CH2)10-P+(C6H5)3] ・ (CFifteenH31-SO3 −)2
Can be mentioned.
[0054]
Y1Is an oxygen atom,+X3Is a phosphonium cation, and n is 2
[(C4H9)3P+− (CH2)10-P+(C4H9)3] ・ (CFifteenH31-SO4 −)2
[(C6H5)3P+− (CH2)10-P+(C6H5)3] ・ (CFifteenH31-SO3 −)2
Are used.
[0055]
Sulfur-containing ester compound ( IV );
This compound (IV) is represented by the following formula (IV).
[0056]
A5-Ad1-A4-(Ad2-A5)k (IV)
Where A5Is a monovalent or divalent hydrocarbon group;4Is a divalent hydrocarbon group, and Ad is1And Ad2Are the same or different -SO2-O-SO2-, -SO2-O-CO- or -CO-O-SO2And k is 0 or 1. However, when k is 0,-(Ad2-A5)kRepresents a hydrogen atom or A4And A5(In this case, is a divalent hydrocarbon group or a single bond).
[0057]
A5As the monovalent hydrocarbon group represented by, for example, an alkyl group, an aryl group or an aralkyl group can be preferably mentioned. The alkyl group preferably has 1 to 20 carbon atoms, the aryl group preferably has 6 to 20 carbon atoms, and the aralkyl group preferably has 7 to 20 carbon atoms.
[0058]
A5Examples of the divalent hydrocarbon group represented by include an alkylene group, an arylene group, and an aralkylene group. The alkylene group preferably has 1 to 20 carbon atoms, the arylene group preferably has 6 to 20 carbon atoms, and the aralkyl group preferably has 7 to 20 carbon atoms.
[0059]
A4Is a divalent hydrocarbon group, for example, A5And the same divalent hydrocarbon groups as described above.
Ad1And Ad2Are the same or different, and -SO2-O-SO2-, -SO2-O-CO- or -CO-O-SO2-Is any one of the acid anhydride groups. These acid anhydride groups are the anhydride groups between sulfonic acids (-SO2-O-SO2-) Or an anhydride group between sulfonic and carboxylic acids (-SO2-O-CO- or -CO-O-SO2−).
[0060]
Such a sulfonic acid compound is a monovalent or divalent sulfonic acid compound, specifically, methylsulfonic acid, ethylsulfonic acid, propylsulfonic acid, butylsulfonic acid, hexylsulfonic acid, decylsulfonic acid, hexadecylsulfonic acid. Acid, phenylsulfonic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid, octadecylbenzenesulfonic acid, benzenedisulfonic acid, toluenedisulfonic acid and the like are used.
[0061]
Similarly, the carboxylic acid compound is a monovalent or divalent carboxylic acid compound, specifically, acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, valeric acid, stearic acid, myristic acid, oleic acid, benzoic acid, phenylacetic acid, Toluic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, phthalic acid, isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid and the like are used.
[0062]
Specific examples of the compound represented by the above formula (IV) include the following compounds.
CH3-P-C6H4-SO2-O-SO2-P-C6H4-SO2-O-SO2-P-C6H4-CH3
CH3-CO-O-SO2-P-C6H4-SO2-O-CO-CH3
C6H5-CO-O-SO2-P-C6H4-SO2-O-CO-C6H5
CH3-SO2-O-CO-m-C6H4-CO-O-SO2-CH3
CH3− (CH2)6-SO2-O-CO-m-C6H4-CO-O-SO2− (CH2)6-CH3
C6H5-SO2-O-CO-m-C6H4-CO-O-SO2-C6H5
CH3-P-C6H4-SO2-O-CO-m-C6H4-CO-O-SO2-P-C6H4-CH3
C12H25-P-C6H4-SO2-O-CO-m-C6H4-CO-O-SO2-P-C6H4-C12H25
(CH3SO2)2O
(CH3CH2SO2)2O
(CH3(CH2)3SO2)2O
(CH3(CH2)6SO2)2O
(C6H5-SO2)2O
(CH3-P-C6H5-SO2)2O
(C12H25-P-C6H5-SO2)2O
(CH3(CH2)3-SO2) -O- (SO2-P-C6H4-CH3)
(CH3-P-C6H4-SO2) -O- (SO2-P-C6H4-C12H25)
(CH3-CO) -O- (SO2− (CH2)6-CH3)
(CH3-CO) -O- (SO2-C6H5)
(CH3-CO) -O- (SO2-P-C6H4-CH3)
(CH3-CO) -O- (SO2-P-C6H4-C12H25)
(C6H5-CO) -O- (SO2− (CH2)6-CH3)
(C6H5-CO) -O- (SO2-C6H5)
(C6H5-CO) -O- (SO2-P-C6H4-CH3)
[0063]
Embedded image
[0064]
In the present invention, in order to deactivate the activity of the polycondensation catalyst, 0.5 to 50 mol, preferably 0.5 to 20 mol, particularly preferably 1 to 15 mol per mol of the polycondensation catalyst in the aromatic polycarbonate resin. It is desirable to add moles of the catalyst deactivator. In particular, the amount of the catalyst deactivator depends on the type thereof and the concentration of the polycondensation catalyst, but is generally 0.01 to 500 ppm, preferably 0.05 to 300 ppm, more preferably 0.1 to 300 ppm. Used at a rate of 100100 ppm.
[0065]
Among the above sulfur-containing ester compounds of the formula, the phosphonium or ammonium salt type catalyst deactivator itself is particularly stable even at 200 ° C. or higher. When the catalyst deactivator is added to the polymer, the catalyst can be immediately detoxified, and the desired polymer can be obtained.
[0066]
The method for adding the catalyst deactivator to the aromatic polycarbonate resin is not particularly limited. For example, the reaction product may be added while the polycarbonate resin is in a molten state, or may be added after the polycarbonate resin is pelletized once and then re-melted. In the former, after the polycondensation reaction is completed and the polycarbonate resin as a reaction product in the molten state obtained in the reactor or the extruder obtained in the extruder is in the molten state, these are added to form the polycarbonate resin. May be pelletized through an extruder, or, while the polycarbonate resin obtained by the polycondensation reaction is pelletized through a reactor, the target polycarbonate may be added and kneaded by adding a catalyst deactivator. A resin can be obtained.
[0067]
At this time, these compounds may be added simultaneously or separately. When these compounds are added in combination, the order of addition is not limited.
In the present invention, the polycarbonate obtained as described above, within a range that does not impair the object of the present invention, a heat stabilizer, an ultraviolet absorber, a release agent, a coloring agent, an organic filler, an inorganic filler, and the like. It may be added. Such an additive may be added simultaneously with the aromatic dihydroxy compound, or may be added separately.
[0068]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
In the examples, molding and evaluation of the aromatic polycarbonate resin were carried out by the following methods.
[0069]
(1) residual catalyst activity index;
The rate of change per minute (% / min) of the melt viscosity of the aromatic polycarbonate resin was defined. The viscosity was measured at 270 ° C. under a dry nitrogen stream at a shear rate of 1 rad / sec for 30 minutes using an RAA type flow analyzer manufactured by Rheometrics.
It means the value calculated by the following equation.
[0070]
(Equation 2)
[0071]
(2) Disc substrate molding;
Disc substrate molding from aromatic polycarbonate resin: The disc substrate was molded by a Sumitomo Heavy Industries, Ltd. injection molding machine DISK3M3 and a 1.2 mm-thickness with a bumper-shaped stamper corresponding to an information signal. This was performed at a barrel temperature of 340 ° C. using a mold having a cavity of 120 mm.
[0072]
(3) thermal stability;
After drying the sample pellets at 120 ° C. for 5 hours, using an injection molding machine SG-150 manufactured by Sumitomo Heavy Industries, Ltd., a test piece (70 mm long, horizontal) which was kept for 10 minutes at a cylinder temperature of 340 ° C. 50 mm and a thickness of 2 mm) were prepared, and the change in hue was measured. The change in hue was calculated according to JIS Z 8730 using the Nippon Denshoku Co., Ltd. model Z-1001DP, by measuring the respective L, a, and b values, using the following equation.
ΔE = {(L−L ′)2+ (A-a ')2+ (B-b ')2}1/2
(L, a, b are not retained, L ', a', b 'are retained for 10 minutes)
[0073]
(4) Number of white spots on disk (after wet heat treatment)
In order to reproduce the increase in white spots when left for a long time in a harsh atmosphere, the disc was kept in a thermo-hygrostat controlled at a temperature of 80 ° C. and a relative humidity of 85% for 1000 hours, and then using a polarizing microscope. The number of white spots of 20 μm or more was counted. This was performed for 25 optical disk substrates, the average value was determined, and this was defined as the number of white spots.
[0074]
Examples 1 to 6
228 parts by weight of 2,2'-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) propane (bisphenol A), 214 parts by weight of diphenyl carbonate, 0.073 parts by weight of tetramethylammonium hydroxide, and predetermined amounts of metal catalysts shown in Tables 1 and 2 below Was charged into a reactor equipped with a stirrer, a decompression device, a distillation column, and the like.2Under an atmosphere, the mixture was stirred for 30 minutes to dissolve.
[0075]
Then, the reaction was carried out at the same temperature under reduced pressure of 100 mmHg for 1 hour while distilling off phenol. Further, the pressure was reduced to 30 mmHg while the temperature was raised to 200 ° C., and the reaction was carried out at the same temperature and pressure for 1 hour. Further, the temperature of the reaction system was raised to 280 ° C., the pressure was reduced to 0.5 mmHg, and the reaction was carried out at the same temperature and the same pressure for one hour. did. This polymer was sent to the extruder by a gear pump. In the middle of the extruder, 0.01% by weight of tris (2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite and 0.08% by weight of monoglyceride stearate were added to obtain polycarbonate pellets. A disk substrate was molded using the pelletized resin, and the substrate was evaluated for residual catalyst activity index, thermal stability, and white spot generation. The results are shown in Tables 1 and 2 below.
[0076]
Comparative Example 1
A polycarbonate resin pellet was obtained and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the amount of the catalyst deactivator was not used. Table 3 shows the results.
[0077]
[Table 1]
[0078]
[Table 2]
[0079]
[Table 3]
[0080]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, by setting the residual catalytic activity index of the polycarbonate resin to a certain value or less, an optical disk substrate having excellent thermal stability and extremely high reliability can be obtained. Further, the effect achieved by a high-density optical disk such as a digital video disk (DVD) is particularly excellent.
Claims (5)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP33670398A JP3550032B2 (en) | 1998-11-27 | 1998-11-27 | Optical disc substrate formed from aromatic polycarbonate resin |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP33670398A JP3550032B2 (en) | 1998-11-27 | 1998-11-27 | Optical disc substrate formed from aromatic polycarbonate resin |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2000163808A JP2000163808A (en) | 2000-06-16 |
JP3550032B2 true JP3550032B2 (en) | 2004-08-04 |
Family
ID=18301933
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP33670398A Expired - Fee Related JP3550032B2 (en) | 1998-11-27 | 1998-11-27 | Optical disc substrate formed from aromatic polycarbonate resin |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JP3550032B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2342258B1 (en) * | 2008-09-17 | 2015-11-11 | Novomer, Inc. | Purification of polycarbonates |
-
1998
- 1998-11-27 JP JP33670398A patent/JP3550032B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2000163808A (en) | 2000-06-16 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP2000129112A (en) | Stabilized polycarbonate resin composition and formed product | |
WO2001070882A1 (en) | Aromatic polycarbonate composition | |
US20020103328A1 (en) | Aromatic polycarbonate composition, production process therefor and molded product thereof | |
US20030195329A1 (en) | Aromatic polycarbonate, composition thereof , and use | |
JP3394336B2 (en) | Polycarbonate resin composition | |
JP4617042B2 (en) | Polycarbonate resin composition, optical recording medium and substrate thereof | |
EP0953605B1 (en) | Flow improved polycarbonate composition | |
JPH05262970A (en) | Polycarbonate-based resin composition | |
JP4149601B2 (en) | Stabilized aromatic polycarbonate composition and injection molded product thereof | |
JP3550032B2 (en) | Optical disc substrate formed from aromatic polycarbonate resin | |
JP3866934B2 (en) | Optical polycarbonate and its use | |
US20040225047A1 (en) | Polycarbonate resin composition for use in the production of a substrate for an optical information medium | |
JP4259662B2 (en) | Polycarbonate composition excellent in stability and molded article of the composition | |
JP3318917B2 (en) | Copolycarbonate resin composition for optics | |
JPWO2004000940A1 (en) | Polycarbonate composition with excellent mold releasability | |
JP3971383B2 (en) | Polycarbonate composition with excellent mold releasability | |
JP4249324B2 (en) | Polycarbonate resin composition | |
JP4180719B2 (en) | Polycarbonate resin composition | |
JP4361200B2 (en) | Polycarbonate resin composition | |
JP4594570B2 (en) | Method for producing stabilized aromatic polycarbonate and composition thereof | |
JP4598311B2 (en) | Method for producing polycarbonate | |
JP2002348368A (en) | Polycarbonate for optics and its use | |
JP5330811B2 (en) | Polycarbonate and optical materials | |
EP1156078B1 (en) | Polycarbonate resin composition for optical use | |
JP2000204148A (en) | Aromatic polycarbonate resin having excellent moldability, heat stability and transparency |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20040405 |
|
A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20040422 |
|
R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |
|
S531 | Written request for registration of change of domicile |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R313531 |
|
FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20080430 Year of fee payment: 4 |
|
R350 | Written notification of registration of transfer |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R350 |
|
FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20080430 Year of fee payment: 4 |
|
FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20090430 Year of fee payment: 5 |
|
FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20100430 Year of fee payment: 6 |
|
FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20100430 Year of fee payment: 6 |
|
FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20110430 Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20120430 Year of fee payment: 8 |
|
FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20130430 Year of fee payment: 9 |
|
FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20130430 Year of fee payment: 9 |
|
FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20140430 Year of fee payment: 10 |
|
LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |