JP3536115B2 - Waste treatment equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [0001] [0001] The present invention relates to a conventional incineration process.
Is concerned with waste treatment equipment that treats waste that cannot be made harmless.
I do. [0002] 2. Description of the Related Art For example, an injection
Receive medical waste such as projectiles and blood collection tubes, or receive radiation.
Hazardous to humans and the environment, including radioactive waste
Waste that is attached or contaminated with hazardous substances, and
In cities where regular incineration produces hazardous substances
At first, concrete was packed in concrete and dumped in the ocean,
It was disposed of by using it as landfill material. I
However, in recent years, dumped water areas and landfills, especially in large urban areas, have
The problem of securing land has become apparent and, for example,
Also pointed out the occurrence of secondary pollution such as elution of hazardous waste into water
Has become very difficult to dispose of
You. Under these circumstances, attention has been focused on waste treatment methods.
One of the things that we are trying to do is high-temperature melting by plasma discharge.
There is reason. [0003] An apparatus for performing this kind of melting process is, for example,
JP-A-58-800, JP-A-63-315819,
64-10016 and JP-A-4-126146.
Each of these publications,
Also generated in the melting furnace by the arc generated by the plasma torch
A plasma space is formed in the furnace, and the temperature inside the furnace is raised to increase the combustion effect.
The rate is increased, and the waste in the furnace is incinerated and melted with high heat. By the way, in this type of melting apparatus,
Generated by high-temperature combustion of waste in the plasma space inside the furnace
Discharges molten slag out of the furnace without accumulating in the furnace
You need to do that. This is the melting furnace inside the melting furnace.
When the lag is accumulated, the accumulated molten slag is transferred to the melting furnace.
Rapidly comes into contact with outside air entering the furnace through the slag discharge port
Cooled and solidified, and the solidified molten slag
This is because it adheres to the wall and deteriorates the street of the outlet. [0005] However, as described above,
The devices in each of the above publications ensure the detoxification of waste and improve combustion efficiency.
It is intended to improve the melting slag generated in the furnace
No disclosure was made on the prevention of stagnation in
Even if the problem of waste incineration itself is solved,
The problem of discharged molten slag out of the furnace remains a solution.
It remained an important issue to be resolved. The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances.
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to form a plasma space and generate hazardous waste.
Generated by incineration when incinerated at high temperature
Stagnation and solidification of the molten slag in the melting furnace can be reliably prevented.
To provide a waste treatment apparatus. [0007] [MEANS FOR SOLVING THE PROBLEMS] To achieve the above object
The invention according to claim 1 isInject waste into top of melting furnace
The mouth is openable and can be opened and closed.
And an exhaust passage communicating with the melting furnace.
In the part, while receiving the waste,Retained on the peripheral wall of the melting furnace
Plasma torch emitted toward the inside of the melting furnace
Plasma arcA molten steel that is heated and becomes fluid
A crucible for storing lag, wherein the plasma arc
ByGenerates a high-temperature plasma state inside the melting furnace
And the waste is heated to a high temperature inside the melting furnace in the plasma state.
Melted and produced inside the melting furnace by the high temperature melting
The melting slag is supplied to the melting furnaceAt the bottomFrom the outlet
Discharge outside the furnaceWith the unburned exhaust gas
Sent to the secondary incineration unitWaste treatment
In the apparatus, the crucible is larger than the plasma torch.
It is formed at an internal location below and above the discharge port.
Below the crucible and near the discharge port.Gas suction
MouthHigh temperature exhaust gas inside the melting furnaceThe gas
Through the suction portEquipped with a suction mechanism to discharge to the outside,
Generating the plasma arc toward the crucible
Inside the melting furnaceUp and down when dissolving waste at high temperature
Orbit ofIn the airflowHeat the outlet,By the suction mechanism
High temperature gas (exhaust gas) suctionThe airflow generated at
By going through the mouth,The melt flowing out of the crucible to the outlet
The molten slag is heated, and the upper and lower circulating
Gas (unburned gas) generated by high-temperature melting of waste due to heat
And mainly sent to the secondary incineration unit
However, the thing of the exhaust port also goes around and heats it here.
On the other hand, the airflow generated by the suction of hot gas by the suction mechanism is
Discharge as gas. [0008] According to the first aspect of the present invention, in a melting furnace,
When waste is sequentially injected into the section, the
Melting into high-temperature plasma state by plasma arc
Wastes are sequentially incinerated inside the furnace A, and the incinerated waste
Fluid melting slag generated from the material is sequentially placed in the crucible
As the amount is stored and increased, the molten slurry in the crucible
Leaks to the outside. Then, the melt flowing out of this crucible
The solution slag consists of a plasma arc toward the crucible and a suction mechanism.
Flow caused by suction of hot gas inside the melting furnace
Heating during discharge from the discharge port to the outside of the furnace
This heating causes melting at the outlet 51b.
Cooling and solidification of the slag are prevented. Because of this,
The solidified molten slag no longer adheres to the walls,
Clogging of the outlet due to adhesion of molten slag,
It is possible to reliably prevent the street of the outlet from deteriorating.
You. [0010] Claims1According to the described invention, the crucible
Generation of plasma arc toward the pot, melting by suction mechanism
Generated inside the melting furnace by suction of hot gas inside the solution
Slag flowing from the crucible to the discharge port
Accelerates the flow of molten slag at the outlet
Is gone. As a result, the solidified solution
It is possible to more reliably prevent the adhesion of slag.
You. [0011] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, a waste disposal apparatus according to the present invention will be described.
An embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows the present invention.
Schematically shows a schematic configuration of a waste disposal apparatus according to one embodiment.
It is a front view and the waste of this embodiment shown with the reference numeral 1 in the figure
The treatment equipment is a waste supply unit 3, a primary incineration unit
5, molten slag discharge unit 7, and secondary incineration unit
9 and the like. The waste supply unit 3 is shown in FIG.
As shown in the figure, for example, a sample such as blood or urine has adhered.
Medical waste (not shown) such as syringes and blood collection tubes
Conveyor 3 for horizontally transporting the carton C stored in the section
1 and carton C delivered from this H conveyor 31
Conveyor 33 for vertically transporting the
Receiving carton C from the upper end of the primary incineration unit 5
A loading unit 35 for transferring is provided. In addition, car
As ton C, for example, incineration of polyethylene etc.
Markets made of materials that do not generate harmful substances or gases
A boxed product for sale can be used. The H conveyor 31 is placed on a gantry 31a.
The H conveyors 31 are arranged in the lower two stages,
A large number of transport rollers 31b and these transport rollers 31
b, and a motor (not shown) for rotating b.
The right side of each H conveyor 31 in the figure is transferred by a transfer device (not shown).
The carton C placed at the beginning is rotated by the motor.
Each H conveyor on the left side in the figure is
It is configured to be transferred to the terminal side of a. The V conveyor 33 has a base frame 33a and
And a lifting table 33b that moves up and down in the base frame 33a.
An electric motor for raising and lowering the lifting table 33b within the base frame 33a.
Inch 33c and the elevating table 33b are mounted on a base frame 33a.
It has a turning motor 33d for turning inside. The base frame 33a is adjacent to the gantry 31a.
And the inside is shaped like a stairwell.
You. The base frame 33a is, as shown in FIG.
Is adjacent to the end of each of the upper and lower H conveyors 31
Before the upper portion extends above the upper H conveyor 31
It is configured to reach the upper end of the primary incineration unit 5.
I have. The lifting table 33b is provided in the carton.
C can be placed, and the base frame 33a can be moved up and down.
As shown in an enlarged plan view in FIG. 3,
The H conveyor 31 is located above the elevating table 33b.
Similarly, a plurality of transports rotationally driven by a motor (not shown)
A feeding roller 33e is provided. For multiple transport
The roller 33e is placed on a support plate 33f as shown in FIG.
The support plate 33 is pivotally supported in a horizontal plane.
A substantially cylindrical lifting guide 33h is connected to the side of f.
The lifting guide 33h is located outside the base frame 33a.
This is fitted on the guide shaft 33g supported by the surface,
The elevating guide 33h moves along the guide shaft 33g.
Supported as possible. The lifting guide 33h has a base frame 33a.
It is bridged between the sprockets 33j, 33j at the upper and lower ends.
Chain 33k is locked, and the sprocket
33j, rotating the chain 33k by 33j
And lift guide 3 while being guided by guide shaft 33g.
3h moves, and the elevating table 33b moves inside the base frame 33a.
It is configured to move up and down. In addition, 33r in FIG.
The balance weight attached to the chain 33k is shown. The electric winch 33c is provided on the base frame 33a.
Located near the lower end, the output shaft of the electric winch (Fig.
(Not shown) has a sprocket 33m attached to it.
The lower end of the frame 33a is provided coaxially with the sprocket 33j.
The sprocket 33n and the sprocket 33
A chain 33p extends between m. Said
The electric winch 33c is driven by the
Rockets 33m, 33n, 33j, 33j, chain 3
3p, 33k, and ascending and descending via the elevating guide 33h
The table 33b is placed at the end of the lower H conveyor 31.
Faces the lower limit location and the loading unit 35
It is configured to move up and down between the upper limit. The turning motor 33d is connected to the lifting table.
This turning motor is attached to the bottom of the
The tip of the 33d output shaft (not shown) is
3b, connected to the support plate 33f,
The lifting table 33b is driven by the rotation of the lifting table 33b.
The support plate 33f is connected to a plurality of transport rollers 33e with water.
It is configured to pivot in a plane. The loading unit 35 is shown in FIG.
As shown in the figure, the primary firing is performed from the outer surface of the upper end of the base frame 33a.
Length of the recycle unit 5 to the carton input section 53 described later
Roller roller extending horizontally and comprising a large number of rollers 35b
Conveyor 35a and the above-described camera on the roller conveyor 35a.
A pusher 35c for pressing and transferring the toner C to the end side.
Pusher 35c on roller conveyor 35a from the side
The air cylinder 35d to move forward and backward, and the air cylinder 3
5d is reciprocated along the extending direction of the roller conveyor 35a.
It has an air cylinder 35e for moving
The roller 35b at the start end of the bear 35a is connected to a motor (not shown).
It is composed of a transport roller that is driven to rotate more
The remaining roller 35b is constituted by a free roller. The loading unit 35 includes an air filter.
Each piston rod (not shown) of the cylinders 35d and 35e
Of the pusher 35c by the roller conveyor
A to the side of the 35a, and to the V conveyor 33 side
Waiting, on the lifting table 33b at the upper limit
Of the transfer roller 3 by a motor (not shown)
3e, and, similarly, in the roller conveyor 35a.
The motor (not shown) of the roller 35b disposed on the starting end side
Transfer to the approximate middle of the roller conveyor 35a
The piston rod of the air cylinder 35d
Is extended, a pusher 35 is attached to the rear end of the carton C.
c is configured to contact. Also, loading
Unit 35 has a pusher 35c at the rear end of the carton C.
Is in contact with the piston lock of the air cylinder 35e.
By extending the roller, the roller conveyor 35a
Carton C is pushed by pusher 35c and ends from the start end
To the air cylinder 35e
The carton C is moved to the roller con
From the end of the bear 35a, the carton of the primary incineration unit 5
It is configured to be transferred to the charging section 53. In this embodiment, the H conveyor 31
With the descending table 33b and the loading unit 35
Each adopted a roller conveyor system, but the belt conveyor
Even if a conveyor of another system such as a bear system is adopted, there is no problem.
Absent. The primary incineration unit 5 is shown in FIG.
As described above, the melting furnace body 51 and the upper part of the melting furnace body 51
The formed carton charging section 53 and the side of the melting furnace body 51
Plasma torch touch detachably attached to the part
The ment 55 is provided. The melting furnace body 51 (corresponding to a melting furnace)
For example, formed of a non-magnetic metal such as non-magnetic stainless steel.
It is installed on a hollow and substantially rectangular base 51A.
A carton inlet 51a is provided at the ceiling of the melting furnace body 51.
Is formed, and a discharge port 51b for molten slag is formed at the bottom.
The inner wall of the melting furnace body 51 has, for example,
iO_Two Or TiO_Two Or MgO
Or coated with a refractory material 51c having a basic resistance of CaO.
The inside of the refractory material 51c is substantially cylindrical and can be sealed.
A solution space A (corresponding to the inside of the melting furnace) is defined. FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the bottom of the melting space A.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the discharge port 51 as shown in FIG.
b, a refractory material 51c
The weir 51d is formed by raising the part, and this weir 51d is formed.
Of the melting furnace body 51 on the opposite side of the discharge port 51b with respect to
In addition, molten waste and molten slag (neither shown)
Is formed in a concave crucible 51e. The discharge port 51b has a melting space.
A pipe 51f for discharging the molten slag in A is connected.
The tube 51f is connected to the side of the melting space A
High-temperature exhaust gas is sucked and the molten slag is crucible with it.
Gas suction port for sucking from 51e to the discharge port 51b side
51g is formed, and the gas suction port 51g
High temperature sucked out of the melting furnace body 51 by the suction device
The exhaust gas passes through a secondary incineration unit 9 through an air passage (not shown).
Supplied to In this embodiment, the gas suction port 51g
And a suction device (not shown) and an air passage (not shown).
The above-described suction mechanism V is configured. Further, the crucible 51e is
There is a space for melting in 51 places of the melting furnace body slightly above
A that communicates with the plasma furnace A
-The attachment hole 51h of the cheer attachment 55 is formed.
You. In addition, in the side part near the upper part of the melting furnace body 51,
Stays in the upper part in the melting space A as shown in FIG.
Waste gas to the secondary incineration unit 9 side
Exhaust passage 51j is formed.
j is the same as the inner wall of the melting furnace body 51.
It is covered with a material 51c. The carton charging section 53 is provided with the melting furnace main body.
Of the furnace body 51 from the carton inlet 51a of the body 51
It extends horizontally to the outside (front side in FIG. 1), and
The hollow cylindrical body having a length reaching the end of the la conveyor 35a
The carton C can move horizontally inside.
Is formed. As shown in FIG.
Thus, three dampers 53a, 53b, 53c are provided.
Of these, the damper 53a is a
3. Can be opened and closed on the side near the loading unit 35
And the damper 53b is
At about the middle part in the horizontal direction, the inside of the carton
The damper 53c is disposed so that it can be
1a is opened and closed, and the melting space A of the melting furnace body 51 and the carton
It is provided so as to communicate with and block the inside of the input port 53.
You. Each of the dampers 53a to 53c is a carton.
Air cylinders 53d to 53d arranged outside the charging section 53
Sliding by the reciprocating motion of the piston rod of 3f,
It appears inside the carton insertion section 53. And the mosquito
Ton loading section 53 is loaded by the damper 53b.
53g of the front chamber on the side of the
Partitioned into the rear chamber 53h on the input port 51a side, the damper
By opening 53a, the loading unit 35
The carton C into the front chamber 53g.
The opening of the damper 53c causes the rear chamber 53
h from the carton inlet 51a of carton C in the furnace
So that the body 51 can be put into the melting space A.
Has been established. The carton charging section 53 thus configured
, The pusher 35c of the loading unit 35
To put the carton from the end of the roller conveyor 35a
The carton C transferred to the front chamber 53g of the part 53 is
After the damper 53a is closed, the end of the carton
Extension of the piston rod of the protruded air cylinder 53j
By operation, push with pusher 53k attached to the tip
Is pressed, and the carton input port 51a is inserted in the rear chamber 53h.
It is transferred to a location above the damper 53c that opens and closes. In addition, in FIG.
In the figure, the waste supply unit
3 is placed away from the primary incineration unit 5,
In this case, the end of the roller conveyor 35a
Is arranged so as to overlap the front side of the paper
You. The plasma torch attachment 55
Is detachably attached to the mounting hole 51h of the melting furnace body 51.
As shown in the front view in FIG.
And a substrate 55a, which is detachably attached to the substrate 55a.
Torch holder 55b and torch holder 55b
It has two plasma torches 55c, 55c to be held.
are doing. The substrate 55a is formed in a substantially circular shape.
In a substantially central portion of the plate 55a, a through hole having a horizontally long and substantially oval shape is provided.
55d are formed. The thickness of the substrate 55a
In the middle part of the direction, FIG.
As shown in the cross-sectional view, a water channel 55e for cooling water (not shown)
Is formed in the water channel 55e, as shown in FIG.
As shown, a water inlet valve attached to the lower part of the substrate 55a
Cooling water is injected from 55f, and cooling water in
A water drain valve 55 attached to the upper part of the substrate 55a
g. The through hole
55d on the periphery of 55d is to prevent water leakage
Blocked by welding. The mounting hole 51h is formed in the substrate 55a.
In the melting space A of the melting furnace body 51
On the other side, as shown in FIG.
55 h of the same refractory material as in FIG.
At 55h, the portion facing the through hole 55d is
Passage 55j for passing the arc emitted from the tip 55c
Is directed downward as the distance from the substrate 55a is increased.
The through hole 55d is formed inside the passage 55j.
The torch holder 55b
A holding frame 55k is welded. The torch holder 55b is provided with the through hole 55
55 m of a mounting plate of a size and shape corresponding to d.
The left and right sides of the surface of the plate 55m
And two holding cylinders 55n. Each of the holding cylinders 55n is a plasma toe.
It holds the hook 55c, and is shown in a front view in FIG.
Thus, both have a cylindrical shape, and the holding cylinder 55n
One of the right side in the figure has its axial direction from the mounting plate 55m.
Slightly upward and to the right as you move away
And the other one on the left in the figure has its axial direction
Heading upward and left as the distance from the mounting plate 55m increases
So that it is inclined more greatly than the right holding cylinder 55n.
Extending. The back surface of the mounting plate 55m and the holding cylinders
The inner peripheral wall of 55n is shown in FIG.
FIG. 6C is a cross-sectional view, and FIG.
As described above, a refractory material 5 similar to the refractory materials 51c and 55h is used.
5p each, and this refractory material 55p
Passes the arc generated by each plasma torch 55c.
Passages 55r are provided on the shaft of each holding cylinder 55n.
The peripheral surface of the refractory material 55p is formed in accordance with the direction.
Is a flange 55s protruding from the back surface of the mounting plate 55m.
Covered with. The torch holder 55b is provided with the through hole 55
d, and as shown in FIG.
Refractory material in which the inside of the frame 55k is covered with a flange 55s
55p, and each passage 55r is
It is configured to communicate with the passage 55j of a. still,
In FIG. 5B, for the sake of clarity of the drawing, the substrate 55a
Inner circumference of passage 55j and flange 55 of torch holder 55b
Although there is a gap between the outer circumference of s
It is almost close. Further, the mounting plate 55m and each holding cylinder are provided.
6 (b) and 6 (c) are provided at the intermediate portion in the thickness direction of 55n.
As shown in the figure, water of cooling water (not shown)
Channels 55t and 55w are formed.
At t and 55w, as shown in FIG.
m near the right end and the outer peripheral surface of each holding cylinder 55n.
Cooling water is supplied from the water inlet valves 55x and 55y
Water is injected, and cooling water in the water channels 55t and 55w is collected.
55m near the left end of the attached plate and at the center
It is configured to be drained from the provided flush valve 55z
Have been. The plasma torch 55c is schematically shown in FIG.
As shown, the plasma torch attachment 55
In the state where it is attached to the attachment hole 51h of the melting furnace body 51,
Of the mounting plate 55m as shown in FIG. 5 (b).
Also protrude toward the passage 55j. Each plasma torch
55c is an illustration of an anomaly, although the description using the drawings is omitted.
Between the base on the cathode side and the tip on the cathode side.
High voltage applied between the anode and cathode electrodes.
Arc is emitted from the tip of the plasma torch 55c by pressure.
To create a plasma-like atmosphere around it
At the same time, the compressed air supplied to the base
The base and the tip
Water supplied to the water channel formed inside both
This prevents overheating of the plasma torch 55c itself.
It is configured to: The melting space of the melting furnace body 51
In the area A, the combustion flame generated by the auxiliary burner (not shown)
Substantially horizontal due to the difference in the inclination of the arc generated by the Zuma torch 55c
Or while spiraling around a horizontal axis,
Crucible in melting space A of melting furnace body 51 through passage 55j
51e, and the crucible 51
e due to the state of the plasma generated near the burner
Combustion efficiency of the carton C by the combustion flame of
Is a carton C under a high temperature of 1500 ° C to 1600 ° C.
And the waste inside it is configured to be incinerated
You. In this embodiment, compressed air is used as the process gas.
But Ar, N_Two , CO_Two , H_Two etc
Gas instead of or any of these gases
Can be selected and mixed for use. The molten slag discharge unit 7 is shown in FIG.
As shown, a bucket 71 for storing the molten slag and this
A cart 73 on which the bucket 71 is placed, and the cart 73
It has a container 75 for housing. The bucket 71
Is opened upward as shown in the front view of FIG.
The carriage 73 has a substantially inverted truncated cone shape.
A base 73a having a size on which two kets 71 are placed side by side.
And two rows and four wheels 73b supporting the base 73a.
Have. The container 75 stores the bucket 71
The trolley 73 that has been placed is one bucket 71
Hollow rectangular box large enough to move in the direction in which
FIG. 7 (c) shows the bottom of the container 75.
As shown in the side view, rail 7 on which wheel 73b is mounted
5a is provided, and as shown in FIG.
Cylinder moving the carriage 73 on the rail 75a
75b are provided. The piston rod of the air cylinder 75b
(Not shown) is connected to the base 73a of the carriage 73.
The piston rod moves forward and backward
In the cart 73, the wheels 73b roll on rails 75a.
Then, the base 73a is moved by approximately one bucket 71.
It is configured to move within the antenna 75. The movement of the carriage 73 on the upper surface of the container 75
FIG. 7 (b) is a plan view of a substantially central portion in the direction.
As shown, the upper end opening of the bucket 71 can be disengaged.
An annular holding lid 75c is provided with two bolts 75d on the outer periphery thereof.
It is supported so as to move up and down by screwing
The discharge port 5 of the melting furnace main body 51 is provided at the center of the holding lid 75c.
The inlet 75e for the molten slag discharged from 1b is formed.
Have been. Also, the carriage 73 is moved by the container 75.
Both ends in the movement direction can be opened and closed via hinges 75f
Is formed in a functional take-out door 75g and has a handle 75h
75g of the take-out door opens by pulling
You can put the bucket 71 in and out of the container 75
It is configured as follows. The container 75 having the above-described configuration is
The inlet 75e is located directly below the outlet 51b of the melting furnace body 51.
So as to be located below the melting furnace body 51.
ing. The container 75 is shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG.
In the state where it is located at the door 75g side,
The upper end opening of one of the buckets 71 has a holding lid 75c.
In this state, the bolt 75d is pushed by screwing.
By lowering the cover 75c, the cover
The holding lid 75c is engaged with the upper end opening of the socket 71.
It is configured as follows. In FIG. 7A, reference numeral 75j denotes a container 75
Are formed at equal intervals on one side near the top
75k is a container 75 and both sides of the input port 75e
Lighting windows formed on the top of the
The container 75 can be viewed from outside through the viewing window 75j.
The position of the trolley 73 and the bucket 71 in the container 75,
And the amount of molten slag contained inside the bucket 71
Are illuminated by the light that has entered the interior through the daylighting window 75k.
It is configured so that it can be confirmed. The molten slag discharge unit 7 is
The carriage 73 is moved by the air cylinder 75b in the antenna 75.
Move it to one of the take-out doors 75g side, and
Of the bucket 71 on the carriage 73
By fixing the presser lid 75c to the
The molten slag discharged from the discharge port 51b of the body 51 is charged
Structured to be thrown into bucket 75 through mouth 75e
Have been. In addition, the molten slag discharge unit 7 is
When the bucket 71 is filled with the molten slag,
Release the presser cover 75c from the
It is moved to the other take-out door 75g side by the cylinder 75b,
Engage the holding lid 75c with the other empty bucket 71
This allows the empty bucket 71 to discharge the melting furnace body 51.
The molten slag discharged from the outlet 51b is continuously supplied.
When one of the removal doors 75g is opened,
Put the bucket 71 filled with slag outside the container 75
It is configured so that it can be carried out. The secondary incineration unit 9 is shown in FIG.
Thus, the combustion furnace main body 91 and the upper part of the combustion furnace main body 91
Removably attached plasma torch touchmen
９３93. The combustion furnace main body 91 is provided with the primary incineration unit.
Similarly to the melting furnace body 51 of the unit 5, for example, a non-magnetic stainless steel is used.
Smaller than the melting furnace body 51 due to non-magnetic metal such as
It is formed in a mold. On the side of the combustion furnace main body 91,
For taking in the exhaust gas generated in the primary incineration unit 5
An intake passage 91a is formed.
Is a gas suction of the melting furnace body 51 through a duct (not shown).
It is connected to the port 51g and the exhaust passage 51j. Also before
In the upper part of the combustion furnace main body 91, exhaust gas is
High-temperature incineration of waste gas to discharge detoxified exhaust gas outside the furnace
Exhaust passage 91b is formed. Further, the ceiling of the combustion furnace body 91 is
A mounting hole 91c similar to the mounting hole 51h of the furnace body 51 is formed.
Has been established. The inner wall of the combustion furnace main body 91 and the intake
Inner peripheral wall of passage 91a, duct, and exhaust passage 91b
Is a refractory material 91 similar to the refractory material 51c of the melting furnace body 51.
d, and can be sealed inside the refractory material 91d.
The substantially cylindrical combustion space B is defined. The plasma torch attachment 93
Is the plasma torch touchmen of the primary incineration unit 5
Substrate 55 and torch holder (both shown
) And a plasma torch 93a.
Removably attached to the attachment hole 91c of the combustion furnace main body 91
It is configured to be. And the combustion furnace body
In the combustion space B 91, the melting space
As in the period A, the combustion flame due to the auxiliary burner (not shown)
Horizontal due to the inclination of the arc generated by the plasma torch 93a
Or a spiral that is almost horizontal and the plasma torch
93a to the plasma state generated in the combustion space B
Therefore, combustion of the auxiliary burner at a high temperature of 850 ° C or more
The exhaust gas is incinerated by the flame. Sa
In addition, the substrate and the plasma torch attachment 93
And torch holder are formed in the middle part of each thickness direction
Cooling water flowing through each of the water channels (not shown)
Cooled individually. In FIG. 1, 11 is a feed water pump, and 13 is
Shows a water tank that stores water to be supplied to the water supply pump 11.
When the water supply pump 11 operates, the water tank 1
3 through the water inlet valves 55f, 55x, 55y
Of the substrate 55a of the plasma torch attachment 55
The water channel 55e and the water channel 55t of the torch holder 55b,
55w is supplied as cooling water.
e, 55t, 55w, the cooling water in the outflow valve 55g,
Drained to the water tank 13 via 55z. Plus water
The cooling water in the tank 13 is supplied by the operation of the water supply pump 11.
Plasma torches 55c and 93a,
For cooling the attachment 93 substrate and torch holder
It is supplied and refluxed as water. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 15 denotes a plasma torch 55
C, 93a ignition device, 17 ignites this ignition device 15
And a constant current power for the plasma torch 55.
Power supply for supplying process gas such as compressed air to c and 93a
The device 18 is a process gas supplied to the power supply 17
19 is a flow regulator for adjusting the flow rate of the water supply pump 11.
A command for controlling the operation of the power supply 17 while monitoring the normal operation.
Control panel 21 is the control panel 19
And various operation switches (not shown) are provided.
The operation panel is shown. Further, 23 in FIG.
35 and the air cylinders 53b, 73c
The air compressor that supplies air
The process gas is sent from the reservoir 23 to the flow controller 18.
Valve for opening and shutting off the air flow path, 27 is discarded
The control panel for the material supply unit 3 is shown.
The compressor 23 includes a pusher 35 and an air cylinder 53.
If b and 73c are changed to hydraulic cylinders, they can be changed to hydraulic pumps.
It is possible. Next, the present embodiment configured as described above
The operation (action) of the waste disposal apparatus 1 will be described.
First, for example, a syringe or blood collection with a sample such as blood or urine attached
Items to be disposed of, such as medical waste such as pipes,
The carton C containing the waste is removed from the waste supply unit 3
Transfer from any H conveyor 31 to V conveyor 33,
In addition, pusher 35c is placed on the side of roller conveyor 35a.
Evacuated and kept on standby at V conveyor 33 side
In this state, the transport roller 33e is rotated by a motor (not shown).
Drive the carton C from the V conveyor 33
To the storage unit 35. Subsequently, the pusher 53k is put into the carton charging section.
53 with the damper 53a retracted to the end of the damper 53a.
And release the carton C with the pusher 35c.
After being transferred to the front chamber 53g of the charging section 53,
Open the damper 53b after closing the
Carton C is removed from front chamber 53g by rear
After being transferred to the chamber 53h and closing the damper 53b,
Open the damper 53c and put the carton C into the rear chamber 53h.
From the primary incineration unit through the carton inlet 51a
5 is dropped and thrown into the melting space A of the melting furnace body 51,
The damper 53c is closed. On the other hand, in the melting space A of the melting furnace body 51,
Two plasma torches 55c are provided near the pot 51e.
Is plasma-like by the arc emitted toward crucible 51e
The state of the plasma has been formed.
The combustion efficiency of the combustion flame from the
C to 1600 ° C
Difference between the arcs emitted by the two plasma torches 55c
And by turning the crucible 51e, the vicinity of the crucible 51e
In the melting space A, the combustion flame from the auxiliary burner
Orbiting in a spiral or in horizontal and vertical planes
ing. Therefore, the carton C put into the melting space A
Increased combustion efficiency before reaching crucible 51e
High-temperature incineration by the combustion flame from the auxiliary burner
Due to incineration, medical waste in carton C in melting space A
The waste combustion debris is melted, thereby producing a fluid molten slurry.
Is generated. It should be noted that the waste generated during the production of molten slag
The gas is substantially burned by the combustion flame in the melting space A.
Contains unburned components that could still be burned out
A part of the exhaust gas is supplied from the melting space A to the secondary incineration unit 9.
, Where it becomes detoxified treated gas. That
The details of the processing will be described later. The molten slag is placed in the crucible 51e.
And carton C is continuously charged and incinerated
As a result, the amount of molten slag accumulated in the crucible 51e increases,
The pot 51e is full and the molten slag is
It moves from the pot 51e to the discharge port 51b over the weir 51d,
It falls from the discharge port 51b and falls outside the melting furnace body 51.
Is discharged. The molten metal discharged to the outside of the melting furnace body 51 is
The molten slag is generated by the circulation of the combustion flame in the melting space A.
The hot air circulating in the vertical direction and the gas suction port 51g
From the high-temperature exhaust gas sucked out of the melting furnace body 51
And is continuously heated.
Cooling and solidification are prevented. While being heated in this way, the melting furnace body 5
The molten slag discharged to the outside of the furnace 1
Presser lid 75c in container 75 arranged at the lower part
Are engaged to match the position of the discharge port 51b with the input port 75.
Is stored in the other bucket 71. And Conte
The one bucket 71 from the viewing window 75j on the side of the corner 75.
While checking the amount of molten slag contained in
Place one full bucket 71 in the next empty bucket.
And then replace it with
Open the take-out door 75g near it and open the container.
Take it out of the bucket 75 and replace it with an empty bucket 71
Is placed on the cart 73 and the take-out door 75g is closed. Further, molten slag is currently being charged.
When the other bucket 71 is full,
Remove the presser cover 75c engaged with the
Thus, the full bag taken out of the container 75 earlier
An empty bucket placed on a trolley 73 in place of the
And the bucket 71 is positioned immediately below the input port 75e.
After engaging the presser cover 75c with the discharge port 51b,
From the melting furnace body 51
Are continuously stored in the bucket 71. On the other hand, as described above, the melting furnace body 51
Contains unburned components that could not be burned in the melting space A
Some exhaust gas is supplied from a gas suction port 51g to a duct (not shown).
And the combustion of the secondary incineration unit 9 via the intake passage 91a.
It is taken into the combustion space B of the furnace main body 91 or exhausted.
Of the combustion furnace main body 91 through the passage 51j and the intake passage 91a.
It is taken into the combustion space B. In the combustion space B of the combustion furnace main body 91,
Is connected to the arc by the plasma torch 93a.
A zuma state is formed, and by this plasma state,
Like the melting furnace body 51, the combustion flame
The baking efficiency is increased, and heating to a high temperature of 850 ° C or more
Of the arc generated by the plasma torch 93a
Due to the difference, an auxiliary burner (not shown) inside the combustion space B
From the helical or spiral in a vertical plane
are doing. Therefore, the exhaust gas sucked into the combustion space B
Is higher due to the combustion flame from the auxiliary burner, which has increased combustion efficiency.
The incineration is performed at a high temperature.
Gas is sterilized, and black smoke (soot) and unburned
In addition to the incineration and removal of gas components, the generation of dioxins
Be suppressed. Thus, the fuel is burned in the combustion space B.
The treated gas passes through the exhaust passage 91b and is passed through the combustion furnace main body 91.
Is discharged to the outside. Then, on the path of the exhaust passage 91b, the exhaust
HCl, SO in gas_X Required to remove dust and dust.
The following post-processing is performed as necessary. First, the cooling tower
55 ° C before hot treated gas by watering shower inside
Cool until later, then dry-cyclone or wet as needed.
Dust is removed by a scrubber and then washed
Daiki by alkaline washing and lime spray method in the tower
After removing the thins and rendering the treated gas harmless, the chimney
Emission into the atmosphere via flue. Note that dust
To dry cyclone or wet scrubber
The dust removal process may be omitted. Ma
In addition, the water tank 13 may be
For cooling to plasma torch attachments 55 and 93
When the water supply is stopped, the finger
Ordinance set fire on plasma torches 55c and 93a
The waste treatment is stopped. As described above, the waste treatment apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment
According to, for example, a syringe to which a sample such as blood or urine adheres
Cars that contain medical waste such as blood and blood collection tubes
Tons C are transferred to the primary incineration unit by the waste supply unit 3.
Into the melting space A of the melting furnace body 51 of
And the resulting molten slag in fluid form
From the outlet 51b at the bottom of the furnace body 51, the
Upon discharging to the outside, the melting space of the melting furnace body 51
A crucible 51e where molten slag is stored is formed at the bottom of A
And the melting furnace body 5 slightly above the crucible 51e.
The plasma torch 55c is provided in the mounting hole 51h formed in one place.
To the crucible 51e from the plasma torch 55c.
To generate a plasma arc, and to the discharge port 51b.
At the side of the connected pipe 51f, a high-temperature exhaust gas in the melting space A is provided.
The gas is sucked and the molten slag is added to the crucible 51e.
A suction mechanism V for sucking the water from the suction port 51b to the discharge port 51b side.
The gas suction port 51g was formed. Therefore, the melting space A of the melting furnace body 51
Carton C is sequentially charged into the plasma torch 55c
High temperature plasma state by plasma arc from
The entire carton in the melting space A of the melting furnace body 51
The waste is incinerated in sequence and the waste generated from this incineration is
Fluid slag is sequentially stored in the crucible 51e.
As the amount increases, the melting slurry in the crucible 51e
Leaks to the outside. And it flows out of this crucible 51e
The melted slag was used as a plasma arc toward crucible 51e.
And the high-temperature gas in the inside A of the melting furnace body 51 by the suction mechanism V
The air flow generated by the suction of
1b is heated during discharge from the melting furnace body 51 to the outside.
This heating causes the molten metal at the outlet 51b to be melted.
Cooling and solidification of the lugs are prevented. Therefore, the outlet 51
b. The solidified molten slag does not adhere to the inner wall,
The clogging of the discharge port 51b due to the adhesion of the molten slag
To prevent the deterioration of the outlet 51b.
It becomes possible. Further, according to the waste disposal apparatus 1 of the present embodiment,
Then, a plasma arc is generated toward the crucible 51e,
High temperature air in the melting space A of the melting furnace body 51 by the drawing mechanism V
By the suction of the body, it is released into the melting space A of the melting furnace body 51.
The generated air flow flows out of the crucible 51e and is discharged from the outlet 51b.
To accelerate the flow of molten slag toward
At 1b, the molten slag does not stay. For this reason,
Adhesion of solidified molten slag to inner wall of melting furnace body 51b
Can be more reliably prevented. In this embodiment, the carton charging section 53 is used.
Supply of the carton C to the H
Conveyor 31 and delivered from this H conveyor 31
A V conveyor 33 for vertically transporting the carton C,
From the upper end of the conveyor 33 to the primary incineration unit 5
Waste from the loading unit 35 that delivers
Although the supply unit 3 is used, the hopper type is started.
Cart to Carton Input Unit 53 by other format
Or supply of waste C
Discontinue automatic carton C supply by unit 3 and discard
The product supply unit 3 is omitted, and the carton C is manually
It is good also as a structure supplied to the carton insertion part 53. Ma
In the present embodiment, the carton charging section 53 is connected to the damper 53.
b separates the front and rear chambers 53g and 53h.
But the carton loading section 53 is
How many occlusion areas, or chambers, are defined
It is intention. Further, in this embodiment, the bucket 71 is
Melting to move the loaded cart 73 back and forth in the container 75
Generated in the melting furnace body 51 by the slag discharge unit 7
Although the molten slag was taken out of the apparatus 1,
For example, a pipe passing directly below the discharge port 51b of the melting furnace body 51
Moving the unloading pan on the roller conveyor, and
Receiving molten slag discharged from
The molten slag is transported outside the
The configuration for carrying out to the outside is the melting shown in this embodiment.
It is not limited to the slag carrying-out unit 7 and is optional. Also,
In this embodiment, the molten slag discharge unit 7 and the secondary incineration
The configuration including the unit 9 has been described.
One or both of them may be omitted. Further
In this embodiment, the air cylinder 53j and the pusher
53k constituted the waste transfer means.
Conveyor types such as roller conveyors and belt conveyors
Means for transferring the waste in the carton input unit 53, such as
It may be constituted by elements different from the present embodiment. [0068] As described above, the waste disposal according to the present invention is
According to the processing equipment, the plasma trap held on the peripheral wall of the melting furnace
Plasma arc emitted toward the inside of the melting furnace.
Generates a high-temperature plasma state inside the melting furnace
And the waste is heated to a high temperature inside the melting furnace in the plasma state.
Melted and produced inside the melting furnace by the high temperature melting
The molten slag was discharged from the furnace to the outside of the furnace.
Waste treatment equipment that discharges waste before the melting furnace
Below the plasma torch and above the outlet
Formed in the interior and heated by the plasma arc
A crucible in which the molten slag is stored in a fluid state,
The crucible is connected to a location near the discharge port below the crucible.
Suction that sucks hot gas inside the furnace to the outside of the furnace
And a mechanism for directing the plasma arc toward the crucible.
An airflow generated inside the melting furnace by generating the airflow;
The high temperature gas inside the melting furnace is sucked by the suction mechanism.
From the inside of the furnace to the outside
Flows out of the crucible toward the discharge port by airflow
The molten slag is heated. For this reason, wastes are sequentially introduced into the melting furnace.
Then, by the plasma arc from the plasma torch
Wastes in order inside the melting furnace A where the plasma became hot
Fluid that is subsequently incinerated and generated from this incinerated waste
Molten slag is sequentially stored in the crucible, increasing its volume.
As the temperature increases, the molten slag in the crucible flows out.
Then, the molten slag flowing out of the crucible is directed to the crucible.
The plasma arc and the suction mechanism
The air current generated by the suction of warm gas melts
It continues to be heated while it is discharged outside the furnace,
Thus, cooling and solidification of the molten slag at the outlet 51b
Is prevented. Therefore, the solidified molten slag
Does not adhere to the slag.
Outlets are clogged and the outlet streets deteriorate
Can be reliably prevented. According to the waste disposal apparatus of the present invention,
The plasm from the plasma torch towards the crucible
The air current generated inside the melting furnace due to the occurrence of the main arc,
A circulating airflow that circulates up and down the interior; or
Represents the high-temperature gas inside the melting furnace by the suction mechanism.
From the inside of the melting furnace to the outside by suction of
The generated airflow was assumed to be the airflow passing through the outlet.
Therefore, the generation of plasma arc toward the crucible and the suction mechanism
Of hot gas inside the melting furnace
The air current generated in the part flows out of the crucible and goes to the discharge port
Accelerates the flow of molten slag, leaving molten slag at the outlet.
You won't get round. For this reason, solidification on the inner wall of the discharge port
Of molten slag can be prevented more reliably.
It produces effects such as

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a front view showing a schematic configuration of a waste disposal apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a side view of the waste supply unit shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is an enlarged plan view of the waste supply unit shown in FIG. FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional view showing a bottom of a melting space in a melting furnace main body of the primary incineration unit shown in FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of the plasma torch attachment of FIG. 1, wherein FIG. 5 (a) is a front view and FIG. 5 (b) is FIG.
It is an II line sectional view of (a). 6 is a view showing the torch holder of FIG. 5 in a further enlarged manner, wherein FIG. 6 (a) is a front view, FIG. 6 (b) is a cross-sectional view taken along a roll line of FIG. 6 (a), and FIG. 6 (c). Is a partially cutaway bottom view. 7 is an enlarged view of the molten slag discharge unit shown in FIG. 1; FIG. 7 (a) is a front view, FIG. 7 (b) is a plan view,
FIG. 7C is a side view. [Description of Signs] 51 Melting furnace body (melting furnace) 51b Carton discharge port (discharge port) 51e Crucible 55c Plasma torch A Melting space (inside of melting furnace) V Suction mechanism

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) F23G 5/00 B09B 3/00 F23G 5/24 H05B 7/18

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] [Claim 1] A waste inlet can be opened and closed at the top of the melting furnace
Is connected to the secondary incineration unit in the vicinity.
And an exhaust passage at the lower part of the melting furnace.
While receiving the waste, the plasma torch held on the peripheral wall of the melting furnace stores the molten slag which is heated by the plasma arc emitted toward the inside of the melting furnace and becomes fluid.
A high-temperature plasma state is generated inside the melting furnace by the plasma arc , and the waste is melted at a high temperature inside the melting furnace in the plasma state; The molten slag generated in the above is discharged to the outside of the melting furnace from a discharge port provided at a lower portion of the melting furnace, and the unburned exhaust gas that has been melted is discharged.
In the waste treatment apparatus configured to be sent to the secondary incineration unit, the crucible is formed at an internal location below the plasma torch and above the discharge port, and the discharge port below the crucible. and <br/> continuously provided a gas suction port near locations, melting furnace the interior of the hot exhaust gas, the gas suction
It has a suction mechanism that discharges it to the outside through a mouth, and generates and raises the plasma arc toward the crucible, so that when the waste is melted at a high temperature inside the melting furnace,
In the heating the outlet in circumferential airflow, suction of the hot gas by the suction mechanism (exhaust gas)
A waste treatment apparatus characterized in that the generated air stream passes through the outlet to heat the molten slag flowing out of the crucible to the outlet.