JP3534203B2 - Anti-water microbial resin composition - Google Patents
Anti-water microbial resin compositionInfo
- Publication number
- JP3534203B2 JP3534203B2 JP33190694A JP33190694A JP3534203B2 JP 3534203 B2 JP3534203 B2 JP 3534203B2 JP 33190694 A JP33190694 A JP 33190694A JP 33190694 A JP33190694 A JP 33190694A JP 3534203 B2 JP3534203 B2 JP 3534203B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- resin composition
- water
- weight
- resin
- antibacterial
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Landscapes
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
【０００１】
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は樹脂中に抗菌剤と金属粉
を高濃度に練り込みペレット化したもので、そのペレッ
トを水と接触させ、水中の抗菌，防黴，防藻効果を発揮
させる為の抗水中微生物用樹脂組成物に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】水中の菌，黴，藻類を殺菌する場合、薬
剤を水に散布する事などにより、効果は即効的に発揮さ
れている。しかし、その薬剤の効果は、殺菌作用から短
時間に薬効が消失してしまい、使用期間についても、非
常に短かくなる傾向にあった。また銀，銅系のゼオライ
トを使用し殺菌効果を保持させた製品についても防藻の
効果が十分に得られなかった。
【０００３】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明者等は、水中に
存在する広範囲な菌，黴，藻類の殺菌並びに、その効果
持続性に着目し、研究を続けた結果樹脂に特定割合にて
抗菌剤，金属粉の２点を配合する事により上記問題が解
決する事を見い出し本発明を完成したものであって、そ
の目的とするところは、広汎な菌，黴，藻類の生育を長
期に亘り阻害する効果を有する抗水中微生物用樹脂組成
物を提供するにある。
【０００４】
【課題を解決するための手段】上記の目的はナイロン樹
脂１００重量部中に、抗菌性薬剤を保持した担体１０〜
９０重量部と、金属粉末１０〜９０重量部とを配合せし
めたことを特徴とする抗水中微生物用樹脂組成物により
達成される。以下本発明を詳細に説明する。
【０００５】本発明において、抗菌剤としては、樹脂に
配合した際の抗菌性の観点から、殺菌作用を有する金属
を含有するゼオライト等の無機系のものを使用するのが
良く、特に銀，銅，亜鉛より選ばれた１種または２種以
上の金属を多孔質ゼオライトにイオン状態で保持させた
ものが好ましい。抗菌剤の保持担体に適したゼオライト
としては、そのイオン交換容量が１ｍｅｇ／ｇ（無水基
準）以上で、かつ比表面積の大きい多孔質のものが良
く、例えば合成ゼオライトとしてはＡ型，Ｘ型，Ｙ型ゼ
オライト，合成モルデナイト等が好ましい。一方天然ゼ
オライトとしては、モルデナイト，クロブチロライト，
チャバサイト等が好ましい。さらに、樹脂に含有される
のでできるだけその粒子径は小さな粉状品が良く、特に
平均粒径１５μｍ以下の活性ゼオライト粉末が均一分散
には、好適である。上記粉末はできるだけ２次凝集の少
ないものが良い。
【０００６】このような特長を有するゼオライトを使用
することにより前記抗菌性金属イオンの単独又は、複数
の保持量をイオン交換法により任意に調節して、所望の
抗菌性を有する抗菌剤を調整することができる。殺菌性
を有する金属の配合量は、抗菌剤全体に対して好ましく
は、０．００５重量％〜飽和量である。ここで飽和量と
は、使用するゼオライトのイオン交換量の飽和値であ
る。更に好ましい金属配合量は０．１〜５．０重量％で
ある。水分量については加熱活性化して、水分量は５重
量％以下に調整すると好適である。本発明に使用する抗
菌剤の含有量は好ましくは樹脂１００重量部に対して、
１０〜９０重量部更に好ましくは１５〜６０重量部であ
る。
【０００７】次に抗菌や殺菌力を有する金属粉について
述べる。重金属の殺菌作用は、金属本来の毒性や殺菌性
によるものではなく、これの表面酸化あるいは金属を含
有する溶液中の微量酸素等が作用して極く、微量に溶存
し、解離して生成した金属イオンに起因すると考えた方
が妥当である。周知のように重金属は殺菌作用を有して
いる。そしてその強さは、水銀，銀，銅，亜鉛，鉄，
鉛，ビスマスの順であるといわれているが、実際には殺
菌力はこれらの金属塩の溶解性，解離度等により依存す
る。例えば、銅イオンは微生物，ウィルス，藻類に対し
て、殺菌作用を有しており、亜鉛イオンについても殺菌
作用を有する。また銅は、金属酸素の構成成分として人
体に不可欠である。銅，亜鉛化合物の蓄積性は少なく、
毒性も小さくて比較的安全な物質と考えられている。銀
自身は、イオン化傾向も小さく、安定な金属であり食品
等に使用され、これは可溶性のＡｇＮｏ3 等の形で殺菌
剤としても使用される。また、ＡｇＦは防黴剤として使
用され、乳酸銀やクエン酸銀は、殺菌，消毒，化膿防止
剤等に使用される。
【０００８】上記のような銀や亜鉛や銅化合物の抗菌や
殺菌作用は、解離している金属イオンによると考えられ
る。即ちこれらのイオンは蛋白質に吸着され、代謝阻害
をおこすと考えられる。上記金属粉の本発明に使用する
含有量は、樹脂１００重量部に対して好ましくは、１０
〜９０重量部である。なお上記抗菌剤と金属粉を樹脂に
添加するには、まず抗菌剤，金属粉を高濃度にて、予備
混合を実施し押出機で混練造粒するのが好ましい。その
中で抗菌剤，金属粉の添加、及び添加量であるが１種の
みでも水の殺菌効果は発揮されるが、２種配合する事に
より今迄にない広範囲な殺菌効果並びに効果持続性を発
揮する。
【０００９】本発明によれば、抗菌剤と金属粉とを樹脂
中に配合する事により、水の殺菌作用が広範囲に発揮さ
れ、長期にわたり、効果が持続する為、今迄にない商品
価値の高いものとなる。樹脂としては、例えばポリエチ
レン、ポリプロピレン、ナイロン、ポリエチレンテレフ
タレート、ポリブチレンテレフタレート、ＡＢＳ樹脂等
が挙げられる。
【００１０】
【実施例】以下実施例並びに比較例により、水殺菌用樹
脂組成物の抗菌，防カビ，防藻性について示す。
【００１１】実施例１〜３．比較例１〜３
ホモポリプロピレン（ＨＰＰ），ナイロン（ＰＡ），低
密度ポリエチレン（ＬＤ−ＰＥ）各１００重量部に表１
に示す如く、金属化合物と抗菌剤とを各樹脂に高濃度に
添加して押出造粒を行ったペレットを使用し、抗菌，防
黴性並びに防藻性について測定した。結果を表２及び表
３に示す。
【００１２】
【表１】【００１３】なお実施例及び比較例に用いた添加剤は以
下の通りである。
抗菌剤 ： Ｋ：Ａｇ，Ｃｕイオン担持抗菌ゼオラ
イト（鐘紡株式会社製）
金属化合物 ： Ａ：銀粉 Ｂ：銅粉 Ｚ：亜鉛酸
化物粉
抗菌，防黴性： 測定方法：菌及びカビを培養実施後菌
数を調製し三角フラスコに調製菌液と上記組成ペレット
を０．７５ｇ投入し（浴比１００：１）１０日後、３０
日後、５０日後の菌数並びに初期菌数を測定し減菌率に
より評価した。
【００１４】
【表２】
＊・・・カラシケン：ペレットを入れずに菌のみの経時変化を確認
【００１５】上表中×〜◎は以下の基準により評価し
た。
◎：減菌率：８０％以上
○： 〃 ：８０％未満〜６０％以上
□： 〃 ：６０％未満〜３０％以上
△： 〃 ：３０％未満〜 ０％以上
×： 〃 ：菌数増
【００１６】防藻性
屋外水槽中（空調機などの冷却塔）に表１に示すペレッ
ト５Ｋｇを投入し、藻類発生状況を目視にて確認した。
（総水量２００ l，流速６５ l／分）
【００１７】
【表３】
◎：水槽中に藻類繁殖認められず。
○： 〃 繁殖が少し認められる。
△：水槽中の半分程度に藻類繁殖認められる。
×： 〃 の全体 に 〃
【００１８】
【発明の効果】本発明の抗水中微生物用樹脂組成物は、
水中に存在する広汎な菌，カビそして今迄解決出来なか
った藻類に対してまでも、十分な生育阻害効果を発揮す
る。また樹脂中に高混練する事により、水と接触する面
積が大きくなり、なお括つ効果持続性にも優れ、このよ
うな特長を有する本発明樹脂組成物は、冷却塔（クーリ
ングタワー），風呂（家庭用，公共用），給排水設備
（高架水槽，貯湯タンク等）等の水の浄水，循環，貯水
設備（器具）好適に使用される。Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a resin in which an antimicrobial agent and a metal powder are kneaded at a high concentration and pelletized. The present invention relates to a resin composition for an anti-aquatic microorganism for exerting an antibacterial, antifungal and antialgal effect. [0002] In the case of disinfecting bacteria, fungi and algae in water, the effect is promptly exerted by spraying a drug on water. However, the effect of the drug tends to be very short because the drug effect disappears in a short time from the bactericidal action, and the use period is also very short. In addition, a product using silver or copper-based zeolite and having a bactericidal effect was not sufficiently obtained. [0003] The present inventors have focused on the sterilization of a wide range of bacteria, fungi, and algae existing in water and the persistence of their effects. It has been found that the above problem can be solved by blending two points of an antibacterial agent and a metal powder in the present invention, and the present invention has been completed. The purpose of the present invention is to grow a wide variety of bacteria, molds and algae. An object of the present invention is to provide a resin composition for anti-aquatic microorganisms having an inhibitory effect over a long period of time. [0004] The above objects [Means for Solving the Problems] During nylon resin 100 parts by weight, the carrier 10 holding the antimicrobial agent
This is achieved by a resin composition for anti-aquatic microorganisms, wherein 90 parts by weight and 10 to 90 parts by weight of metal powder are blended. Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail. In the present invention, as an antibacterial agent, from the viewpoint of antibacterial properties when incorporated into a resin, it is preferable to use an inorganic one such as zeolite containing a metal having a bactericidal action, and particularly silver and copper. Preferably, one or two or more metals selected from zinc and zinc are held in a porous zeolite in an ionic state. As a zeolite suitable as a carrier for holding an antibacterial agent, a porous zeolite having an ion exchange capacity of 1 meg / g (anhydrous basis) or more and a large specific surface area is preferable. Y-type zeolite, synthetic mordenite, and the like are preferable. On the other hand, natural zeolites include mordenite, clobutyrolite,
Chabazite and the like are preferred. Further, since it is contained in the resin, a powdery product having a particle diameter as small as possible is preferable, and in particular, an active zeolite powder having an average particle diameter of 15 μm or less is suitable for uniform dispersion. It is preferable that the above-mentioned powder has as little secondary aggregation as possible. [0006] By using a zeolite having such features, one or more of the above-mentioned antibacterial metal ions can be arbitrarily adjusted by an ion exchange method to prepare an antibacterial agent having a desired antibacterial property. be able to. The amount of the bactericidal metal is preferably from 0.005% by weight to a saturated amount based on the whole antibacterial agent. Here, the saturated amount is a saturated value of the ion exchange amount of the zeolite used. A more preferable metal compounding amount is 0.1 to 5.0% by weight. It is preferable that the water content is activated by heating to adjust the water content to 5% by weight or less. The content of the antimicrobial agent used in the present invention is preferably based on 100 parts by weight of the resin.
10 to 90 parts by weight, more preferably 15 to 60 parts by weight. Next, metal powder having antibacterial and bactericidal properties will be described. The bactericidal action of heavy metals is not due to the intrinsic toxicity or bactericidal properties of the metals, but is generated by dissolution and dissociation in a very small amount due to surface oxidation of these metals or trace amounts of oxygen in solutions containing metals. It is more appropriate to consider that the difference is caused by metal ions. As is well known, heavy metals have a bactericidal action. And its strength is mercury, silver, copper, zinc, iron,
It is said that lead and bismuth are in order, but in actuality the bactericidal power depends on the solubility, dissociation degree, etc. of these metal salts. For example, copper ions have a bactericidal effect on microorganisms, viruses, and algae, and zinc ions also have a bactericidal effect. Copper is indispensable to the human body as a component of metal oxygen. Less accumulation of copper and zinc compounds
It is considered a relatively safe substance with low toxicity. Silver itself has a low ionization tendency and is a stable metal and is used in foods and the like, and it is also used as a bactericide in the form of soluble AgNo 3 or the like. AgF is used as a fungicide, and silver lactate and silver citrate are used for sterilization, disinfection, anti-suppuration agents and the like. The antibacterial and bactericidal actions of silver, zinc and copper compounds as described above are considered to be due to dissociated metal ions. That is, it is considered that these ions are adsorbed on the protein and cause metabolic inhibition. The content of the metal powder used in the present invention is preferably 10 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the resin.
９０90 parts by weight. In addition, in order to add the antibacterial agent and the metal powder to the resin, it is preferable that the antibacterial agent and the metal powder are preliminarily mixed at a high concentration and kneaded and granulated by an extruder. Among them, the addition of antibacterial agent and metal powder, and the amount of addition, can exert the bactericidal effect of water even if only one kind is used. Demonstrate. According to the present invention, by blending the antibacterial agent and the metal powder in the resin, the bactericidal action of water is exerted over a wide range, and the effect is maintained for a long period of time. It will be expensive. Examples of the resin include polyethylene, polypropylene, nylon, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, and ABS resin. The following examples and comparative examples show the antibacterial, antifungal and antialgal properties of the resin composition for water disinfection. Embodiments 1-3. Comparative Examples 1-3 Homopolypropylene (HPP), Nylon (PA), Low Density Polyethylene (LD-PE) 100 parts by weight each
As shown in Table 1, pellets extruded by adding a metal compound and an antibacterial agent to each resin at a high concentration were used, and the antibacterial properties, antifungal properties and antialgal properties were measured. The results are shown in Tables 2 and 3. [Table 1] The additives used in the examples and comparative examples are as follows. Antibacterial agent: K: Antibacterial zeolite carrying Ag and Cu ions (manufactured by Kanebo Co., Ltd.) Metal compound: A: Silver powder B: Copper powder Z: Zinc oxide powder Antibacterial and antifungal properties: Measurement method: After culturing bacteria and mold The number of bacteria was prepared, and 0.75 g of the prepared bacterial solution and the above-mentioned composition pellets were put into an Erlenmeyer flask (bath ratio 100: 1).
After 50 days, the number of bacteria and the initial number of bacteria were measured and evaluated based on the bacteria reduction rate. [Table 2] * ・ ・ ・ Karashiken: Changes with time of bacteria alone were confirmed without adding pellets. In the above table, x to ◎ were evaluated according to the following criteria. ◎: Bacteria reduction rate: 80% or more ○: 〃: less than 80% to 60% or more □: 〃: less than 60% to 30% or more △: ：: less than 30% to 0% or more x: 〃: increase in number of bacteria [ 5 kg of the pellet shown in Table 1 was put into an alga-proof outdoor water tank (cooling tower of an air conditioner or the like), and the state of algae generation was visually checked.
(Total water volume 200 l, flow rate 65 l / min) ◎: Algae reproduction was not observed in the aquarium. ○: 少 し Some breeding is observed. Δ: Algae reproduction is observed in about half of the aquarium. ×: 全体 〃 〃 効果 効果 効果 効果 効果 効果 効果 樹脂 樹脂 樹脂 樹脂 効果 樹脂.
It exerts a sufficient growth inhibitory effect even on a wide range of fungi, molds and algae that could not be solved until now. In addition, by highly kneading the resin, the area in contact with water is increased, and the resin composition of the present invention, which has excellent continuity of the effect and has such characteristics, can be used as a cooling tower or a cooling tower. Suitable for water purification, circulation, and water storage equipment (apparatus) such as household and public use, and water supply and drainage equipment (elevated water tanks, hot water storage tanks, etc.).
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (51)Int.Cl.7 識別記号 ＦＩ Ｃ０２Ｆ 1/50 Ｃ０２Ｆ 1/50 ５３１Ｆ ５３１Ｓ ５３１Ｔ ５３１Ｕ (72)発明者 木村 由和 大阪市北区南森町１丁目４番19号 カネ ボウ化成株式会社内 (56)参考文献 特開 平６−218374（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭55−89336（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平２−251292（ＪＰ，Ａ)────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. 7 Identification code FI C02F 1/50 C02F 1/50 531F 531S 531T 531U (72) Inventor Yuka Kimura 1-4-19 Minamimorimachi, Kita-ku, Osaka-shi Kanebo Kasei Co., Ltd. (56) References JP-A-6-218374 (JP, A) JP-A-55-89336 (JP, A) JP-A-2-251292 (JP, A)
Claims (1)
薬剤を保持した担体１０〜９０重量部と、金属粉末１０
〜９０重量部とを配合せしめたことを特徴とする抗水中
微生物用樹脂組成物。(57) in [Claims 1 Nylon resin 100 parts by weight, and the carrier 10 to 90 parts by weight of holding the antimicrobial agent, metal powder 10
A resin composition for anti-aquatic microorganisms, wherein the resin composition is blended with about 90 parts by weight .
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP33190694A JP3534203B2 (en) | 1994-12-09 | 1994-12-09 | Anti-water microbial resin composition |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP33190694A JP3534203B2 (en) | 1994-12-09 | 1994-12-09 | Anti-water microbial resin composition |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH08164393A JPH08164393A (en) | 1996-06-25 |
| JP3534203B2 true JP3534203B2 (en) | 2004-06-07 |
Family
ID=18248961
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP33190694A Expired - Lifetime JP3534203B2 (en) | 1994-12-09 | 1994-12-09 | Anti-water microbial resin composition |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3534203B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ES2297895T5 (en) * | 1997-10-10 | 2012-07-03 | Pure Bioscience | Disinfectant and preparation method |
| KR100460024B1 (en) * | 2002-05-16 | 2004-12-14 | 부경대학교 산학협력단 | Red Tide Organism Removal Reagent Containing Active Agent in Zeolite Powders |
| JP4706650B2 (en) * | 2007-03-08 | 2011-06-22 | 巌 菱田 | Granular fungicide, its production method and water treatment method |
| US20110024355A1 (en) * | 2007-10-10 | 2011-02-03 | Polymers Crc Ltd. | Antimicrobial membranes |
| JP5904717B2 (en) * | 2010-05-10 | 2016-04-20 | エア・ウォーター株式会社 | Drinking water server |
| FR3084351B1 (en) * | 2018-07-26 | 2021-04-02 | Enercat | ZEOLITH DOPED BY A CATION OF TRANSITIONAL METAL AND MODIFIED BY A QUATERNARY AMMONIUM, PREPARATION AND USE |
| CN112480591A (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2021-03-12 | 合肥创农生物科技有限公司 | Algae-proof antibacterial polypropylene composite material and application thereof in preparation of water culture tank |
-
1994
- 1994-12-09 JP JP33190694A patent/JP3534203B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH08164393A (en) | 1996-06-25 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US7163709B2 (en) | Composition for disinfection of plants, animals, humans, byproducts of plants and animals and articles infected with pathogens and method of producing and application of same | |
| CN100467554C (en) | Coating composition with antimicrobial and air purification function | |
| US8409598B2 (en) | Copper ion-producing composition | |
| CN111657299A (en) | Composite nano-ion bacteriostatic agent | |
| JP3534203B2 (en) | Anti-water microbial resin composition | |
| WO2005070202A1 (en) | Antimicrobial surface preparation and method for producing the same | |
| CN102475094A (en) | Nanometer silver-copper-zinc alloy bactericidal material | |
| CN105191980A (en) | Compound sterilizing and alga killing agent for circulating cooling water and preparation method thereof | |
| JP2015507613A (en) | Active powder body disinfectant containing at least one copper salt and at least one zinc salt, and method for producing the same | |
| JP4685283B2 (en) | Deodorant composition | |
| JPS61143317A (en) | Antimicrobial agent composition | |
| CN113548804A (en) | Composite antibacterial glass particles, preparation method thereof and sterilization device | |
| CA3228775A1 (en) | Multi-metal salts composition as disinfectants | |
| JP3085750B2 (en) | Antibacterial resin or antibacterial paint | |
| JP2559126B2 (en) | Weather resistant antibacterial zeolite composition | |
| JP3107399B2 (en) | Method for producing disinfecting solution, disinfecting solution and disinfecting medium | |
| JP4706650B2 (en) | Granular fungicide, its production method and water treatment method | |
| JP3085682B2 (en) | Antimicrobial composition | |
| JPH01306473A (en) | Expandable thermoplastic resin composition | |
| KR20060126279A (en) | Method for manufacturing ice piece contain nano-silver | |
| JP3293692B2 (en) | Fungicide composition for sandbox containing iodine | |
| CN118324273B (en) | Antibacterial and deodorant particles for wading environment and preparation method thereof | |
| JP3154371B2 (en) | Manufacturing method of antibacterial material | |
| CN118160724A (en) | Sustained-release citric acid disinfectant and preparation method thereof | |
| JP2020193157A (en) | Aqueous solution of composite metal ion |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20040303 |
|
| R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |
|
| S111 | Request for change of ownership or part of ownership |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R313113 |
|
| R350 | Written notification of registration of transfer |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R350 |
|
| S202 | Request for registration of non-exclusive licence |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R315201 |
|
| R350 | Written notification of registration of transfer |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R350 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20080319 Year of fee payment: 4 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20090319 Year of fee payment: 5 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20090319 Year of fee payment: 5 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20100319 Year of fee payment: 6 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20100319 Year of fee payment: 6 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20110319 Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20120319 Year of fee payment: 8 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20130319 Year of fee payment: 9 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20140319 Year of fee payment: 10 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| EXPY | Cancellation because of completion of term |