JP3532486B2 - Deodorizing device for vacuum toilets for transport vehicles - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a deodorizing device for a vacuum toilet used in railway vehicles and other transportation vehicles.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In the past, toilets in transportation vehicles such as railroad vehicles have been discharged along railroad tracks without restricting stools and urine together with toilet paper and the like. In recent years, from the perspective of environmental protection, toilets for transportation vehicles have made remarkable progress, and now vacuum toilets are becoming the mainstream.

Such a vacuum toilet can be washed away without using a large amount of precious and clean water, the amount of energy used for each washing is small, and the flexibility of the device is excellent.
While the advantage is that it is possible to avoid the use of disassembling machines or other accessories to break up the waste, the air discharged from the waste collection tank has an odor,
This odor is unpleasant for people near the transport vehicle.

The problem is that the required vacuum is generated and held intermittently because the volume of odorous air rapidly discharged from the waste collection tank during the flushing cycle is large. This is especially noticeable in the case of various devices. This problem has been solved by disposing an odor removing device in the discharge pipe (see, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Nos. 5-246286 and 7-90904), but an odor removing device for filtering and removing odors. Is expensive and has a relatively short useful life.

Therefore, as described in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-270404, the transportation vehicle is in a stopped state, or is traveling at a very low speed at a station or near a station or a stop place. Sometimes, based on the idea that an odor eliminating device is necessary, when the speed of the transportation vehicle exceeds a predetermined limit value, the air from the waste collection tank is bypassed so as not to pass through the odor eliminating device. Thus, it has been proposed to increase the useful life of the odor removal device by minimizing the actual use time.

[0006]

However, the odor eliminating device is generally filled with activated carbon or the like,
Since the odor is filtered and removed, even if the useful life is increased, the deodorization performance will decrease after a certain period of time, and the odor will not be removed but will be released into the atmosphere as it is. is there.

In this case, it is necessary to replace the deodorizing filter material, which is the content of the odor eliminating device, and it may be replaced according to the frequency of use. However, the deterioration of deodorizing performance depends on the season, especially the temperature. , The deterioration of deodorization performance varies,
It is difficult to achieve perfection. Further, the replacement work is also disadvantageous from the viewpoint of maintenance free.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a deodorizing device for a vacuum toilet which can surely prevent the odor from being emitted to a public place such as a station building without using an odor removing device.

[0009]

In the deodorizing device for a vacuum toilet for a transportation vehicle according to the present invention, filth is fed from a toilet bowl to a filth collection tank, and the upper space of the filth collection tank passes through an exhaust pipe. In a deodorizing device for a vacuum toilet for a transportation vehicle that is open to the atmosphere, an electromagnetic opening / closing valve provided in the middle of the exhaust pipe, a bypass passage provided in parallel with the electromagnetic opening / closing valve, and formed in the middle of the bypass passage are, Ri Na certain amount of water is enclosed in the bent portion of the bypass passage,
When the pressure in the tank exceeds a certain pressure,
And Rumizufu means sealing state is destroyed and the vehicle speed detection for detecting a vehicle speed
The vehicle speed is changed by receiving signals from the output means and the vehicle speed detection means.
When the speed is less than a certain speed, the solenoid on-off valve is closed.
And means. Where the constant speed
Is in a state of passing through public places such as station buildings.
It is used as a criterion for judgment and depends on the type of transport vehicle.
It will be decided as appropriate, but in the case of railway vehicles, for example, 5 km
It will be closed when the following occurs.

With this configuration, under the control of the control means, the electromagnetic open / close valve is opened during normal traveling of the vehicle, so that the upper space of the filth collection tank communicates with the external space, and the filth increases. The rise in tank pressure is avoided. At this time, odorous air is released to the external space through the exhaust pipe, but since the vehicle is normally traveling, the odor is diffused and hardly affects the surroundings.

On the other hand, when the vehicle is not traveling normally, for example, when it is stopped in a public place such as a station building, the electromagnetic opening / closing valve is closed, so that air having an odor is discharged to the external space through the exhaust pipe. It will not be done. Here, the solenoid on-off valve is closed because even if odorous air is discharged to the outside,
This is because it is prevented from being completely discharged to the outside because it may not be diffused unlike when traveling and may adversely affect the surroundings. Further, it is generally considered that the time for closing the electromagnetic opening / closing valve is short, and therefore it is considered that there is no problem even if the electromagnetic opening / closing valve is closed. Therefore, unlike the technique disclosed in JP-A-5-270404, in a public place such as a station building, the communication between the upper space of the waste collection tank and the atmosphere is basically blocked.

As described above, in a place where odorous air may adversely affect the surrounding environment, the electromagnetic on-off valve is closed to reliably prevent odorous air from leaking to the external space. However, when the toilet is used repeatedly with the electromagnetic on-off valve closed in this way, and the filth is fed to the filth collection tank one after another, the tank internal pressure rises, and due to the pressure increase, the tank and the electromagnetic There is also a risk that the on-off valve will be damaged.Therefore, the water sealing means keeps odorous air up to a certain pressure range in the tank. The sealed state is destroyed, odorous air is released to the external space, and tanks etc. are protected from rising internal pressure.

[0013]

When the vehicle speed is below a certain speed, it is considered to be before and after stopping at a public place such as a station building, so the electromagnetic on-off valve is closed before and after stopping at a public place such as a station building. By doing so, it is possible to reliably block the leakage of odorous air from the waste collection tank to the external space, and it is possible to reliably avoid the adverse effect on the surrounding environment due to the leakage of odorous air to the external space.

Further, in the deodorizing device for a vacuum toilet for a transportation vehicle according to the present invention, filth is fed from the toilet bowl to the filth collection tank by vacuum suction, and the upper space of the filth collection tank is exposed to the atmosphere via the exhaust pipe. In a deodorizing device for a transport vehicle vacuum toilet that is opened to a vehicle, an electromagnetic opening / closing valve provided in the middle of the exhaust pipe, a bypass passage provided in parallel with the electromagnetic opening / closing valve, and a midway of the bypass passage are formed. ,
A certain amount of water is filled in the bent portion of the bypass passage, and when the pressure in the tank exceeds a certain pressure, the water sealing means is destroyed by the pressure, and the bypass passage and the water sealing Means for separating the air in the filth collection tank when the pressure in the filth collection tank becomes high, and a vehicle speed detection means arranged upstream of the means .
And a control means for receiving the signal from the vehicle speed detection means and closing the electromagnetic on-off valve when the vehicle speed becomes equal to or lower than a certain speed.

In this way, the odorous air is contained by the water sealing means up to a certain pressure range within the tank pressure, but when the pressure exceeds a certain pressure, the water sealing state by the water sealing means is destroyed. When air having odor is released to the external space, air and water are separated by the air / water separating means located upstream of the water sealing means, and only the air is discharged to the external space. It is possible to prevent the water constituting the water from leaking outside. Moreover, since the steam separation means is provided in the bypass passage, the water separated in the steam separation means does not flow into the exhaust pipe side after the pressure air is released. Since it returns to the original state and the water sealing means is constructed again, it can be reused many times, which is advantageous in achieving maintenance-free operation.

In particular, if the air / water separating means has a casing and a baffle plate provided in the casing for restricting the movement of water, the water constituting the water sealing means can be formed with a simple structure. , Can be separated from the air released to the outside.

Further, a temporary storage tank provided between the toilet bowl and the waste collection tank for temporarily storing the waste when transferring the waste from the toilet bowl to the waste collection tank, and the temporary storage tank. It is desirable to provide pressure control means for controlling the internal pressure to a negative pressure state or a positive pressure state.

By doing so, it is not necessary for the waste collection tank to have a structure capable of withstanding high pressure, and in addition to the above, it is more advantageous in simplifying the structure.

[0020]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing a schematic structure of a deodorizing device for a vacuum toilet according to the present invention.

In FIG. 1, a toilet bowl 1 is connected to a waste collection tank 4 through transfer pipes 3A and 3B in which a temporary storage tank 2 is arranged. Therefore, the temporary storage tank 2 is arranged between the toilet bowl 1 and the waste collection tank 4. Further, the upstream and downstream transfer pipes 3A and 3B of the temporary storage tank 2 are provided with first and second sluice valves 5 and 6, respectively.

The temporary storage tank 2 is a tank (volume: 5 liters) for temporarily storing the waste 7 when the waste 7 is transferred from the toilet bowl 1 to the waste collection tank 4, and is set in a vacuum state. By sucking the filth 7 from the toilet bowl 1 and setting the positive pressure, the filth 7 is stored in the filth collection tank 4.
Is configured to be transported.

That is, when the washing operation is performed, the supply of compressed air from the compressed air pipe 9 provided in the vehicle to the ejector 8 is started, the temporary storage tank 2 is exhausted, and the temporary storage tank 2 is Negative pressure is set. Then, by opening the first sluice valve 5 and closing the second sluice valve 6, the toilet bowl 1 to the waste 7 (including water, etc.)
Is vacuum-sucked, and the temporary storage tank 2 is passed through the transfer pipe 3A.
Be transferred to. Then, when the washing operation is completed, the atmosphere is introduced from the atmosphere through the pipe 10 and the ejector 8, and the temporary storage tank 2 is brought into a positive pressure state. then,
By closing the first sluice valve 5 and opening the second sluice valve 6, the waste 7 is transferred from the temporary storage tank 2 to the waste collection tank 4 through the transfer pipe 3B, and the waste 7 is collected in the waste collection tank 4. Will be. Here, the temporary storage tank 2 is interposed because the filth collection tank 4 has a large capacity, so that the inside of the filth collection tank 4 is directly sucked in a vacuum state, so This is because the structure of is complicated and expensive.

In FIG. 1, 11 is an air hose with connecting fittings at both ends, 12 is an air adapter, 13 is a pressure reducing valve, 14 is a globe valve, 15 is a check valve, 16 is a pressure gauge, 17
Is a vacuum pressure gauge, and including these, the ejector 8 and the like described above, constitutes pressure control means 18 for controlling the pressure in the temporary storage tank 2 to a negative pressure state or a positive pressure state.

Further, the upper space 4 of the waste collection tank 4
A is configured to be opened to the atmosphere via the exhaust pipe 21, and an electromagnetic opening / closing valve 22 for switching between an open position and a closed position is provided in the middle of the exhaust pipe 21.

A bypass passage 23 is provided in parallel with the electromagnetic opening / closing valve 22, and a certain amount of water 24 is filled in the middle of the bypass passage 23, and the water sealing means 25 shuts off the communication with the atmosphere by the water 24. Is provided. The water sealing means 25 is a bent portion 23a formed by bending the water 24 and a part of the bypass passage 23 so that water can be stored.
It is composed of and.

The electromagnetic on-off valve 22 is linked to a control means 26 and is controlled to be opened and closed by the control means 26. The control means 26 is adapted to receive a signal from a vehicle speed sensor 27 for detecting the speed of the vehicle. When the vehicle speed of the vehicle falls below a certain speed (for example, 5 km / h), the electromagnetic opening / closing valve 22 is closed. It is supposed to do. Therefore, the bypass passage 23 is blocked from communicating with the atmosphere by the water sealing means 25. Therefore, by closing the electromagnetic opening / closing valve 22, the waste collecting tank 4 is completely blocked from communicating with the atmosphere to collect the filth. The odorous air in the tank 4 is not completely discharged to the outside. Therefore, when stopping at a station building, etc., the solenoid valve 2
By only closing 2, it is possible to prevent air having an odor from leaking from the waste collection tank 4 to the outside, and to prevent a bad odor from spreading to the surrounding environment. on the other hand,
During normal traveling when the vehicle speed exceeds a certain speed, the electromagnetic on-off valve 22 is opened, and air having odor is discharged to the outside. However, since the vehicle speed is high, the air having odor does not easily reach the surroundings. It is diffused and does not affect the surroundings.

With the above arrangement, the vehicle speed sensor 27
Under the control of the control means 26 that receives a signal from the electromagnetic open / close valve 22, the electromagnetic open / close valve 22 is opened during normal traveling of the vehicle at a constant vehicle speed (for example, 5 km / h). Therefore, the upper space 4a of the filth collection tank 4 is communicated with the external space through the exhaust pipe 21, and the increase in the tank internal pressure due to the increase of the filth 7 is avoided. At this time, the air released to the outside through the exhaust pipe 21 has an odor,
Since the vehicle is traveling at a certain speed or more, odorous air is diffused into the surrounding atmosphere and hardly affects the surroundings.

On the other hand, if the vehicle speed does not exceed a certain speed, it is determined that the vehicle is located in a public place such as stopping at a station building, so that the air with odor may adversely affect the surrounding environment. The electromagnetic on-off valve 22 is closed to prevent odorous air from leaking from the waste collection tank 4 to the external space. Here, the electromagnetic on-off valve 22 is closed because even if air having an odor is discharged to the outside, it is not diffused unlike when traveling, and therefore it may adversely affect the surroundings. This is because it is not discharged. Further, since it is considered that the time for closing the electromagnetic opening / closing valve 22 is short, there is no problem even if the electromagnetic opening / closing valve 22 is closed.

However, if the filth 7 is continuously fed to the filth collection tank 4 due to the use of the toilet, the tank internal pressure gradually rises, and in some cases, the filth collection tank 4 may be increased due to the pressure increase. The electromagnetic on-off valve 22 or the like may be damaged. Therefore, in this device,
The water sealing means 25 is provided to keep the odorous air in the tank up to a certain pressure range. However, when the pressure exceeds a certain pressure, the water sealing state of the water sealing means 25 is destroyed by the pressure and the odor is removed. The air that it has is released to the outside space so that tanks, etc. can be protected from rising internal pressure.

In the above-mentioned embodiment, since the water sealing means 25 is only provided in parallel with the electromagnetic opening / closing valve 22 of the exhaust pipe 21, such a structure prevents water from increasing when the tank internal pressure rises. There is a risk that the sealed state may be destroyed and the water 24 that is contained in some cases may leak to the external space. In order to surely avoid such a situation, as shown in FIG. 2, the steam separator 31 is provided upstream of the water sealing means 25.
Even if water (water / water separation means) is provided and the internal pressure of the waste collection tank 4 rises to break the water-sealed state and the water 24 tries to go outside, the water / water separator 31 causes the water 24 It is also possible to leave only the air in the waste collection tank 4 open to the atmosphere. If you do this,
The water 24 separated from the air containing odor is returned to the original state after the air is opened to the outside and constitutes the water sealing means 25 again, so that it can be reused.

Here, the steam separator 31 is, for example,
Inside the casing 31A, a plurality of baffle plates 31B for restricting the movement of the water 24 to the external space are provided. Therefore, the enclosed water 24 collides with the baffle plate 31B when the pressure in the tank rises to the outside, the air containing odor is separated from the water 24, and only the air is discharged to the external space. The water 24 is prevented from going out. Therefore, even if the tank internal pressure of the waste collection tank 4 becomes high and the water seal state is broken, only the air in the waste collection tank 4 is released leaving the water 24 at the steam separator 31. This means that it is possible to avoid the pressure increase in the waste collection tank 4 without releasing the water 24 to the outside.

Further, in the above-mentioned embodiment, the deodorizing device is not provided in the middle of the exhaust pipe 21, but it goes without saying that a deodorizing device which has been conventionally used may be used together if necessary.

[0035]

The present invention is implemented as described above and has the following effects.

The deodorizing device for a vacuum toilet for a transportation vehicle according to the present invention is used when not running normally, for example, when stopped.
Since the electromagnetic on-off valve is closed, it is possible to prevent the discharge of odorous air to the external space through the exhaust pipe. In addition, since water sealing means is provided, even if the electromagnetic on-off valve is closed, air with odor will be contained up to a certain pressure range in the tank. It can be opened to the external space, and it becomes possible to protect the waste collection tank and the like from an increase in internal pressure.

When the vehicle speed falls below a certain speed, the electromagnetic on-off valve is closed. Therefore, it is easy to determine whether or not the vehicle speed is a public place such as a station building where it is not preferable to discharge odorous air. It is possible to judge and prevent the air having an odor from being discharged to the external space through the exhaust pipe.

Further, by providing the steam separating means on the upstream side of the water sealing means, even if the water sealing state of the water sealing means is destroyed, the steam separating means is provided on the upstream side of the water sealing means. It is possible to separate the air and water from each other, and only the air can be discharged to the external space to prevent the water for water sealing from leaking to the outside.

In this case, the air / water separating means is constructed such that a baffle for restricting the movement of water is provided in the casing, so that the air / water can be separated with a simple structure. Become.

Further, a temporary storage tank is provided between the toilet bowl and the waste collection tank for temporarily storing the waste when the toilet bowl transfers the waste to the waste collection tank. By controlling the internal pressure to a negative pressure state or a positive pressure state by the pressure control means, it is not necessary to make the waste collection tank a structure that can withstand high pressure, and in addition to the above, the structure can be simplified. It will be more advantageous in trying.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a schematic configuration of a deodorizing device for a vacuum toilet for a transportation vehicle according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a main part of a modified example.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 toilet bowl 2 Temporary storage tank 4 Waste collection tank 4a Upper space 7 filth 18 Pressure control means 21 Exhaust pipe 22 Solenoid open / close valve 23 Bypass passage 23a bent portion 24 water 25 Water sealing means 26 Control means 27 vehicle speed sensor 31 steam separator 31A casing 31B baffle

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (56) References JP-A-5-270404 (JP, A) JP-A-5-246286 (JP, A) JP-A-7-90904 (JP, A) Actual Kaihei 6- 1087 (JP, U) Actual development Sho 60-196099 (JP, U) Special public account 44-17833 (JP, B1) Actual public Sho 50-23125 (JP, Y1) (58) Fields investigated (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B61D 35/00 E03D 9/00

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A deodorizing device for a vacuum toilet for a transportation vehicle, wherein filth is fed from a toilet bowl to a filth collection tank by vacuum suction, and an upper space of the filth collection tank is opened to the atmosphere through an exhaust pipe. An electromagnetic opening / closing valve provided in the middle of the exhaust pipe, a bypass passage provided in parallel with the electromagnetic opening / closing valve, and a certain amount of water filled in a bent portion of the bypass passage formed in the middle of the bypass passage. When the tank internal pressure exceeds a certain pressure, the water sealing means destroys the water sealed state by the pressure, the vehicle speed detecting means for detecting the vehicle speed, and the vehicle speed detecting means for receiving the signal from the vehicle speed detecting means. A deodorizing device for a vacuum toilet for a transportation vehicle, comprising: a control unit that closes the electromagnetic opening / closing valve when the speed becomes a predetermined speed or less. 2. A deodorizing device for a vacuum toilet for a transportation vehicle, in which filth is fed from a toilet bowl to a filth collection tank by vacuum suction, and the upper space of the filth collection tank is opened to the atmosphere through an exhaust pipe. An electromagnetic opening / closing valve provided in the middle of the exhaust pipe, a bypass passage provided in parallel with the electromagnetic opening / closing valve, and a certain amount of water filled in a bent portion of the bypass passage formed in the middle of the bypass passage. When the tank pressure exceeds a certain pressure, the water sealing state is destroyed by the pressure, and the bypass passage, which is disposed upstream of the water sealing means, the waste collection tank. when the pressure of becomes high, and the steam-water separator means for opening only air in the dirt collection tank, vehicle speed detecting means for detecting a vehicle speed, receives a signal from the vehicle speed detecting means, a constant vehicle speed is the speed When facing down, deodorizing devices transport vehicle vacuum toilet, characterized in that it comprises a control means for closing the solenoid valve. 3. The deodorizing device for a vacuum toilet for a transportation vehicle according to claim 2, wherein the air / water separating means has a casing and a baffle plate provided in the casing for restricting movement of water. 4. A temporary storage tank, which is provided between the toilet bowl and the filth collection tank, for temporarily storing filth when transferring the urine from the toilet bowl to the filth collection tank, and the temporary storage tank. The deodorizing device for a vacuum toilet for a transportation vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising: a pressure control unit that controls the pressure in the storage tank to a negative pressure state or a positive pressure state.