JP2001225747A - Vacuum toilet deodorizing device for transporting vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a vacuum toilet deodorizing device, positively preventing the release of odors into public areas without using an odor removing device. SOLUTION: A solenoid open/closed valve 12 is made open during normal run of a vehicle for communicating a space 4a above an excrement collecting tank 4 with the atmosphere through an exhaust pipe 21. Except in the normal run, the solenoid open/closed valve 22 is closed to eliminate the possibility of exhausting an odored air to the atmosphere through the exhaust pipe 21. If pressure in the tank rises, the water sealing condition of water sealing means 25 in a bypass 23 is destroyed to make the air open to the atmosphere.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a deodorizing device for a vacuum toilet used in railway vehicles and other transportation vehicles.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, toilets in transportation vehicles such as railway vehicles, for example, have discharged stools and urinals freely and without restriction along with toilet paper and the like along railway tracks. In recent years, from the perspective of environmental protection, transport vehicle toilets have made remarkable progress,
At present, vacuum toilets are becoming mainstream.

[0003] Such a vacuum toilet can be washed away without using a large amount of precious and clean water, uses less energy each time it is washed, and has excellent flexibility of the apparatus.
While there is an advantage that the use of a disassembler or other accessories can be avoided in order to separate the waste, the air discharged from the waste collection tank has an odor,
This odor is offensive to those who are near the transport vehicle.

This problem is caused by the large volume of odorous air that is quickly discharged from the waste collection tank during the flushing cycle, so that the required vacuum is generated and maintained intermittently. Especially in the case of a simple device. This problem has been solved by disposing the odor removing device in the discharge pipe (see, for example, JP-A-5-246286 and JP-A-7-90904). Are expensive and have a relatively short useful life.

Therefore, as described in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-270404, the transport vehicle is in a stopped state, or travels at a station, or at a very low speed near a station or a stop place. Only based on the idea that an odor removal device is needed, if the speed of the transport vehicle exceeds a predetermined limit, the air from the waste collection tank is bypassed so as not to pass through the odor removal device. In this way, it has been proposed to increase the useful life of the odor removing device by minimizing the actual use time.

[0006]

However, the odor removing device is generally filled with activated carbon and the like.
Since the odor is removed by filtration, even if the service life is increased, the deodorization performance is reduced after a certain period, and the odor is released to the atmosphere without being removed. is there.

In such a case, it is necessary to replace the deodorizing filter material contained in the odor removing device, and the replacement may be performed according to the frequency of use. However, since the deterioration of the deodorizing performance depends on the season, especially the temperature. , Causing a decrease in the deodorizing performance,
It is difficult to be perfect. In addition, replacement work is disadvantageous from the viewpoint of maintenance free.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a deodorizing device for a vacuum toilet that can reliably prevent odor from being released to a public place such as a station building without using an odor removing device.

[0009]

In the deodorizing device for a vacuum toilet for a transport vehicle according to the present invention, the waste is sent from a toilet bowl to a waste collection tank, and the upper space of the waste collection tank is connected to an exhaust pipe through an exhaust pipe. In a deodorizing device for a vacuum toilet for a transport vehicle opened to the atmosphere, an electromagnetic on-off valve provided in the middle of the exhaust pipe, a bypass passage provided in parallel with the electromagnetic on-off valve, and formed in the middle of the bypass passage A water sealing means in which a predetermined amount of water is sealed in a bent portion of the bypass passage; and a control means linked to the electromagnetic on / off valve and opening the electromagnetic on / off valve only during normal traveling. .

[0010] According to this configuration, under the control of the control means, during normal running of the vehicle, the electromagnetic on-off valve is opened, so that the upper space of the waste collection tank is communicated with the external space, and as the amount of waste increases. A rise in tank pressure is avoided. At this time, the air having the odor is released to the external space through the exhaust pipe. However, since the vehicle is in the normal running state, the odor is diffused and hardly affects the surroundings.

On the other hand, when the vehicle is not traveling normally, for example, when the vehicle is stopped in a public place such as a station building, the electromagnetic on-off valve is closed, so that odorous air is discharged to the external space through the exhaust pipe. It will not be done. Here, the electromagnetic on-off valve is closed even if air with odor is discharged outside.
Since it is not diffused as in the case of traveling, it may adversely affect the surroundings, so that it is not completely discharged to the outside. In addition, since it is generally considered that the time for closing the electromagnetic on-off valve is short, there is no problem even if the electromagnetic on-off valve is closed. Therefore, unlike the technique disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-270404, communication between the upper space of the waste collection tank and the atmosphere is basically cut off in a public place such as a station building.

As described above, in a place where the odorous air may adversely affect the surrounding environment, the electromagnetic on-off valve is closed, so that the odorous air is reliably prevented from leaking to the external space. However, when the toilet is repeatedly used in such a state in which the electromagnetic on-off valve is closed and filth is successively supplied to the filth collection tank, the pressure in the tank increases, and the tank and electromagnetic force are increased due to the increased pressure. Since there is a risk that the on-off valve may be damaged, the odorous air is sealed up to a certain pressure range in the tank by the water sealing means. The sealed state is broken, the odorous air is released to the external space, and the tank and the like are protected from an increase in internal pressure.

In this case, the vehicle further comprises a vehicle speed detecting means for detecting the vehicle speed, wherein the control means receives a signal from the vehicle speed detecting means, and closes the electromagnetic on-off valve when the vehicle speed falls below a certain speed. Desirably. Here, the constant speed is a criterion for judging that the vehicle is passing through a public place such as a station building, and is appropriately determined according to the type of transport vehicle. Is closed when it is less than 5 km.

With this configuration, when the vehicle speed becomes equal to or less than the predetermined speed, it is considered that the vehicle is stopped before or after stopping at a public place such as a station building. , The leakage of odorous air from the waste collection tank to the external space is reliably blocked, and the adverse effect on the surrounding environment due to the leakage of odorous air to the external space is reliably avoided. .

Further, the bypass passage is disposed upstream of the water sealing means, and air-water separation for releasing only the air in the waste collection tank when the pressure of the waste collection tank increases. It is desirable to have means.

In this manner, the odorous air is sealed by the water sealing means up to a certain pressure range in the tank, but when the pressure exceeds a certain pressure, the water sealing state by the water sealing means is destroyed. When air having an odor is released to the external space, air and water are separated by the air / water separating means located on the upstream side of the water sealing means, and only air is discharged to the external space. Is prevented from leaking to the outside. Moreover, since the water / water separation means is provided in the bypass passage, the water separated by the water / water separation means does not flow into the exhaust pipe after the pressure air is released. It returns to the original state and again constitutes the water sealing means, so that it can be reused many times, which is advantageous for maintenance free.

In particular, if the steam / water separating means has a casing and a baffle plate provided in the casing and regulating the movement of water, the water constituting the water sealing means can be simply constructed. , Can be separated from air released to the outside.

A temporary storage tank provided between the toilet bowl and the waste collection tank for temporarily storing waste when the waste is transferred from the toilet bowl to the waste collection tank; It is desirable to provide pressure control means for controlling the internal pressure to a negative pressure state or a positive pressure state.

This eliminates the need for the waste collection tank to have a structure capable of withstanding high pressure, and is more advantageous in simplifying the structure in addition to the above.

[0020]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing a schematic configuration of a deodorizing device for a vacuum toilet according to the present invention.

In FIG. 1, a toilet bowl 1 is connected to a waste collection tank 4 through transfer pipes 3A and 3B in which a temporary storage tank 2 is provided on the way. Therefore, the temporary storage tank 2 is provided between the toilet bowl 1 and the waste collection tank 4. In addition, first and second gate valves 5 and 6 are provided in the transfer pipes 3A and 3B upstream and downstream of the temporary storage tank 2, respectively.

The temporary storage tank 2 is a tank (volume: 5 liters) for temporarily storing the waste 7 when the waste 7 is transferred from the toilet bowl 1 to the waste collection tank 4, and is evacuated. The sewage 7 is sucked from the toilet bowl 1 and brought into a positive pressure state, so that the sewage 7 is stored in the sewage collection tank 4.
Is configured to be transported.

That is, when the washing operation is performed, the supply of the compressed air from the compressed air pipe 9 provided in the vehicle or the like to the ejector 8 is started, the temporary storage tank 2 is exhausted, and the temporary storage tank 2 is discharged. A negative pressure state is set. Then, by opening the first gate valve 5 and closing the second gate valve 6, the waste 7 (including water and the like) is removed from the toilet bowl 1.
Is sucked in vacuum, and temporarily stored in the temporary storage tank 2 through the transfer pipe 3A.
Is transferred to Then, when the washing operation is completed, the atmosphere is introduced from the atmosphere through the pipe 10 and the ejector 8, and the temporary storage tank 2 is brought into a positive pressure state. then,
By closing the first gate valve 5 and opening the second gate valve 6, the waste 7 is transferred from the temporary storage tank 2 to the waste collection tank 4 through the transfer pipe 3B, and the waste 7 is collected in the waste collection tank 4. Will be. Here, the temporary storage tank 2 is interposed because the waste collection tank 4 has a large capacity, so that if the waste collection tank 4 is directly vacuumed and suctioned, the waste collection tank 4 This is because the structure is complicated and expensive.

In FIG. 1, 11 is an air hose with fittings at both ends, 12 is an air adapter, 13 is a pressure reducing valve, 14 is a ball valve, 15 is a check valve, 16 is a pressure gauge, 17
Is a vacuum pressure gauge, and comprises a pressure control means 18 for controlling the pressure in the temporary storage tank 2 to a negative pressure state or a positive pressure state, including these and the ejector 8 described above.

The upper space 4 of the waste collection tank 4
a is configured to be opened to the atmosphere via an exhaust pipe 21. An electromagnetic opening / closing valve 22 is provided in the exhaust pipe 21 to switch between an open position and a closed position.

A bypass passage 23 is provided in parallel with the electromagnetic on-off valve 22. A certain amount of water 24 is sealed in the middle of the bypass passage 23, and a water sealing means 25 for shutting off communication with the atmosphere by the water 24. Is provided. The water sealing means 25 includes a bent portion 23a formed by bending the water 24 and a part of the bypass passage 23 so that the water can be stored.
It is composed of

The electric on-off valve 22 is linked to a control means 26, and is controlled to open and close by the control means 26. The control means 26 receives a signal from a vehicle speed sensor 27 for detecting the speed of the vehicle, and closes the electromagnetic on-off valve 22 when the vehicle speed falls below a certain speed (for example, 5 km / h). It is supposed to. Therefore, since the communication with the atmosphere is interrupted by the water sealing means 25 in the bypass passage 23, the communication with the atmosphere in the waste collection tank 4 is completely shut off by closing the electromagnetic on-off valve 22, and the waste collection is stopped. The odorous air in the tank 4 is not completely discharged to the outside. Therefore, when stopping at a station building or the like, the electromagnetic on-off valve 2
By simply closing 2, the odorous air can be prevented from leaking from the waste collection tank 4 to the outside, and the odor is not diffused to the surrounding environment. on the other hand,
During normal running when the vehicle speed exceeds a certain speed, the electromagnetic on-off valve 22 is opened, and odorous air is discharged to the outside.However, since the vehicle speed is high, the odorous air is easily spread around. It is diffused and does not affect the surroundings.

With the above configuration, the vehicle speed sensor 27
Under the control of the control means 26 which receives the signal from the controller, the electromagnetic opening / closing valve 22 is in an open state when the vehicle travels at a constant speed (for example, 5 km / h) or more during normal traveling. Therefore, the upper space 4a of the waste collection tank 4 is communicated with the external space through the exhaust pipe 21, and an increase in the tank pressure due to the increase of the waste 7 is avoided. At this time, the air opened to the outside through the exhaust pipe 21 has an odor,
Since the vehicle is traveling at a certain speed or more, the air having the odor is diffused into the surrounding atmosphere and hardly affects the surroundings.

On the other hand, if the vehicle speed does not exceed a certain speed, it is determined that the vehicle is located in a public place such as stopping at a station building or the like, so that odorous air may adversely affect the surrounding environment. Then, the electromagnetic on-off valve 22 is closed to prevent the odorous air from leaking from the waste collection tank 4 to the external space. Here, the electromagnetic on-off valve 22 is closed because even if the odorous air is discharged to the outside, the air is not diffused as in the case of traveling, which may adversely affect the surroundings. This is to prevent discharge to Further, since it is considered that the time for closing the electromagnetic on-off valve 22 is short, no problem occurs even if the electromagnetic on-off valve 22 is closed.

However, when the waste 7 is continuously supplied to the waste collection tank 4 by using the toilet, the pressure in the tank gradually increases. And the electromagnetic switching valve 22 may be damaged. Therefore, in this device,
The water sealing means 25 for containing air having an odor is provided up to a certain pressure range in the tank. However, when the pressure exceeds a certain pressure, the water sealing state of the water sealing means 25 is destroyed by the pressure, and the odor is reduced. The held air is released to the external space, so that the tank and the like are protected from an increase in internal pressure.

In the above embodiment, the water sealing means 25 is merely provided in parallel with the electromagnetic on-off valve 22 of the exhaust pipe 21. With such a structure, when the pressure in the tank increases, the water There is a possibility that the sealed state is broken and the water 24 enclosed in some cases flows out to the external space. In order to reliably avoid such a situation, as shown in FIG.
(Water / water separation means) is provided, and even if the internal pressure of the waste collection tank 4 is increased and the water seal state is destroyed and the water 24 is going to the outside, the water / water separator 31 And only the air in the waste collection tank 4 can be opened to the atmosphere. In this world, the water 24 separated from the air containing the odor returns to its original state after the air is released to the outside, and again constitutes the water sealing means 25. Becomes possible.

Here, the steam-water separator 31 is, for example,
A plurality of baffle plates 31B that regulate movement of water 24 to the external space are provided inside the casing 31A. Therefore, even if the enclosed water 24 tries to come out when the pressure in the tank rises, it collides with the baffle plate 31B, the air containing the odor is separated from the water 24, and only the air is released to the external space. , And water 24 is prevented from going outside. Therefore, even if the pressure in the waste collection tank 4 is increased and the water seal state is broken, only the air in the waste collection tank 4 is opened leaving the water 24 at the site of the steam separator 31. As a result, the pressure inside the waste collection tank 4 can be prevented from rising without discharging the water 24 to the outside.

In the above embodiment, a deodorizing device is not provided in the exhaust pipe 21. However, a deodorizing device conventionally used may be used as needed.

[0035]

The present invention is embodied as described above, and has the following effects.

The deodorizing device for a vacuum toilet for a transport vehicle according to the present invention can be used when the vehicle is not running normally, for example, when stopped.
Since the electromagnetic on-off valve is closed, it is possible to prevent odorous air from being discharged to the external space through the exhaust pipe. In addition, since water sealing means is provided, even when the electromagnetic on-off valve is closed, air with odor is contained up to a certain pressure range in the tank, but when a certain pressure is exceeded, air with odor is released. It can be opened to the external space, and it becomes possible to protect the waste collection tank and the like from an increase in internal pressure.

In this case, when the vehicle speed becomes equal to or lower than a certain speed, the electromagnetic on-off valve is closed, so that it is not preferable to discharge odorous air using the vehicle speed. It is possible to easily determine whether the air is odorous, and to prevent the odorous air from being discharged to the external space through the exhaust pipe.

Further, if the water / water separating means is provided on the upstream side of the water sealing means, even if the water sealing state by the water sealing means is broken, the water / water separating means on the upstream side of the water sealing means is provided. Thus, it is possible to separate the air and the water, and to discharge only the air to the external space, thereby preventing the water for water sealing from leaking to the outside.

In this case, the air-water separation means is provided with a baffle plate for regulating the movement of water in the casing, so that the air-water separation can be achieved with a simple structure. Become.

Further, a temporary storage tank is provided between the toilet bowl and the waste collection tank to temporarily store waste when the waste is transferred from the toilet bowl to the waste collection tank. If the internal pressure is controlled to a negative pressure state or a positive pressure state by the pressure control means, there is no need to make the waste collection tank a structure that can withstand high pressure, and in addition to the above, the structure can be simplified. It is more advantageous in aiming.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing a schematic configuration of a deodorizing device for a vacuum toilet for a transportation vehicle according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a main part of a modified example.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Toilet bowl 2 Temporary storage tank 4 Waste collection tank 4a Upper space 7 Waste 18 Pressure control means 21 Exhaust pipe 22 Electromagnetic on-off valve 23 Bypass passage 23a Bent part 24 Water 25 Water seal means 26 Control means 27 Vehicle speed sensor 31 Gas-water separator 31A Casing 31B Baffle

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A deodorizing device for a vacuum toilet for a transport vehicle in which filth is sent from a toilet bowl to a filth collection tank by vacuum suction, and an upper space of the filth collection tank is opened to the atmosphere through an exhaust pipe. An electromagnetic on-off valve provided in the middle of the exhaust pipe; a bypass passage provided in parallel with the electromagnetic on-off valve; and a certain amount of water sealed in a bent portion of the bypass passage formed in the middle of the bypass passage. A deodorizing device for a vacuum toilet for a transport vehicle, comprising: a water sealing means provided with the control means; and a control means linked to the electromagnetic on / off valve and opening the electromagnetic on / off valve only during normal traveling. 2. A vehicle speed detecting means for detecting a vehicle speed, wherein the control means receives a signal from the vehicle speed detecting means,
2. The deodorizing device for a vacuum toilet for a transport vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the electromagnetic on-off valve is closed when a vehicle speed becomes equal to or lower than a predetermined speed. 3. The steam passage, which is disposed in the bypass passage and upstream of the water sealing means, and opens only the air in the waste collection tank when the pressure in the waste collection tank increases. 3. The deodorizing device for a vacuum toilet for a transport vehicle according to claim 1, further comprising a separating unit. 4. The deodorizing device for a vacuum toilet for a transport vehicle according to claim 3, wherein the steam / water separating means has a casing and a baffle plate provided in the casing to regulate movement of water. 5. A temporary storage tank which is provided between the toilet bowl and the waste collection tank and temporarily stores waste when the waste is transferred from the toilet bowl to the waste collection tank; The deodorizing device for a vacuum toilet for a transport vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising pressure control means for controlling a pressure in the storage tank to a negative pressure state or a positive pressure state.