JP3531408B2 - Switchboard - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a distribution board for supplying electricity to a load from a single-phase three-wire commercial power supply and a private power generator. 2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, in order to save electricity bills for commercial power supplies, an increasing number of consumers are using private power generators that utilize sunlight or the like in combination with commercial power supplies. In such a distribution board using both a private power generator and a commercial power supply, one neutral wire and two neutral wires are provided on the load side of a plurality of branch switches for supplying electricity to each load. Three conductive bars consisting of voltage lines are electrically connected, and these three
A single-phase three-wire commercial power supply is electrically connected to the conductive bar through a main switch for commercial power supply, and an in-house power generator is electrically connected through a main switch for in-house power generation. The main power switch for the commercial power supply can supply electricity only from the commercial power supply when electricity is not supplied from the private power generator (for those using sunlight, when the storage battery is completely discharged). In addition, a breaking capacity corresponding to a load connected to each branch switch, that is, a breaking capacity larger than the breaking capacity of the main switch for private power generation is used. [0004] In the above-mentioned distribution board, a single-phase three-wire is connected to three conductive bars connected to a plurality of branch switches via a main switch for commercial power. Since the commercial power source is connected and the private power generator is connected via the private generator main switch, when the commercial power is cut off, the load current that the commercial power can bear on the private generator main switch flows. The master switch for private power generation trips. After that, even if the commercial power is restored, the main power switch for private power generation has tripped, so electricity will be supplied only from the commercial power supply without the customer knowing, and the electricity bill will rise. There was a problem. The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to supply power from a private power generator when a private power generating main switch is off or in a trip state. It is an object of the present invention to provide a distribution board that can notify that the user is present. [0006] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a distribution board according to claim 1 has two voltage lines and one voltage line.
Connected to a single-phase, three-wire commercial power source consisting of
A mains switch for a commercial power supply that cuts off supply of electricity from a commercial power supply when an overcurrent such as an overload current or a short-circuit current occurs, and is electrically connected to a load side of the mains switch for the commercial power supply 2 3 and electrical conductor bar consisting of voltage lines and one neutral wire of the two voltages of the three conductive bars
Independent power generation, in which the load side is electrically connected only to the line and the power supply side is connected to the private power generator, and when overcurrent such as overload current or short circuit current occurs, the supply of electricity from the private power generator is cut off. and use trunk switches, the sale of three conductive bars
And a plurality of branch switches for supplying power from one voltage line and one neutral line to the load, and a main power switch for the private power generation, A contact that operates when the supply of electricity from the device is cut off; and a notifying unit that reports a state of supply of electricity from the private power generator to the outside of the box with the activation of the contact. Main switch for power supply from commercial power supply
Is provided with a neutral line open phase means for detecting a neutral line open phase when is stopped . First, a description will be given of a proposal example on which the present invention is based with reference to the drawings. (Proposed Example) FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing a connection state of the distribution board of the proposed example, FIG. 2 is a front view of a box body in which each member is stored, and FIG. 3 is a front view of a closed lid body. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of energization of the power supply. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the distribution board includes a box 1 having a one-sided opening and a lid 2 closing the opening of the box 1. In box 1, two voltage lines 3,4
A commercial power supply connected to a single-phase three-wire commercial power supply E1 consisting of a single neutral wire 5 and interrupting the supply of electricity from the commercial power supply E1 when an overcurrent such as an overload current or a short-circuit current occurs. Mains switch 6 and three conductive bars 7, consisting of two voltage lines 3, 4 and one neutral line 5 electrically connected to the load side of the mains switch 6 for commercial power supply. The load side is electrically connected to each of the three conductive bars 7, 8 and 9 and the power supply side is connected to the private power generator E2 (solar cell) via the inverter 10 to overload current. Alternatively, a main power-generating switch 11 for interrupting the supply of electricity from the private power generator E2 when an overcurrent such as a short-circuit current occurs, and three conductive bars
A plurality of branch switches 12, 12, ... that supply power to the load from one of the voltage lines 3 (4) and one of the neutral lines 5 of 7, 8, and 9 ...
And a light emitting element 13 that is a notification unit that notifies the outside of the box 1 of a state in which the power supply by the private power generator is stopped when the main power switch 11 for private power generation is off or in a trip state. The main switch 6 for the commercial power supply includes a terminal 14 on the power supply side for connecting a single-phase three-wire commercial power supply E1 and two voltage lines.
An overcurrent protection element 16 for detecting an overload current, between the neutral terminal 5 and the load terminal 15 electrically connecting the neutral wire 5 to each of the conductive bars 7, 8, 9; An earth leakage detecting device 17 with a neutral line open phase protection for detecting an unbalanced current flowing through the voltage lines 3 and 4 and the neutral line 5 and detecting an open phase of the neutral line 5, and the overcurrent protection elements 16 and A circuit contact 18 that is forcibly opened when an abnormal current such as an overcurrent or a leakage current is generated by the leakage detection device 17 with a protection against open-phase failure is interposed. In the main switch 6 for commercial power supply, an overcurrent protection element 16 for detecting an overload current flowing through the neutral conductor 5 is also provided at the neutral pole to which the neutral conductor 5 is connected. When a load connected to the branch switch 12 is in an unbalanced state, an overcurrent can be detected at a neutral pole through which a current flows most, and a normal trip operation can be performed. That is, as shown in FIG. 4A, when a balanced load is connected between the neutral line 5 and each of the voltage lines 3 and 4, no current flows through the neutral line 5, so that It seems that the neutral pole of the side main switch 6 does not need the overcurrent protection element 16 for detecting the overload current. However, as shown in FIG. When an unbalanced load is connected between 4, a larger current flows through the neutral line 5 than the voltage lines 3 and 4, so the overload current is detected at the neutral pole of the mains switch 6 on the commercial power supply side. By providing the overcurrent protection element 16 that operates as described above, the main power switch 6 for commercial power can be normally tripped. The conductive bars 7, 8, and 9 are main switches for a commercial power supply.
6, two voltage lines 3 and 4 centered on one conductive bar 9 that is a neutral wire 5 and are arranged to extend in a direction orthogonal to the terminals 14 on the power supply side and the terminals 15 on the load side. Conductive bars 7,8
Are arranged on both sides. The conductive bars 7, 8, 9 are neutral wires
A conductive bar 9 connected to 5 and one of conductive bars 7, 8 connected to the voltage lines 3, 4 are electrically connected to branch switches 12, 12,.... The main switch 11 for private power generation is a private power generator.
E2 (solar cell) is connected as an AC single-phase three-wire system by an inverter 10. A power supply terminal 19, two voltage wires 3, 4 and one neutral wire 5 are connected to each conductive bar 7, 8, 9. An overcurrent protection element 21 for detecting an overload current, and a circuit contact 22 forcibly opened when an overcurrent is detected by the overcurrent protection element 21, between the terminal 20 and the load side terminal 20 which is electrically connected. And intervening. The main power switch 11 for private power generation includes:
A contact 23 that operates when the supply of electricity from the private power generator E2 is cut off is built in. When the supply of electricity from the private power generator E2 is stopped, the contact 23 is connected via one branch switch 12 and the current limiting resistor 24. The light emitting element 13 (notifying means) connected to one voltage line 4 and neutral line 5 emits light to
The fact that the supply of electricity from is stopped is easily understood. Therefore, when the light emitting element 13 (notifying means) emits light while electric power is being supplied from the commercial power supply E1, the private power generating main switch 11 is turned on, so that electric power is also supplied from the private power generating device E2. As a result, an increase in the electricity bill of the commercial power supply E1 can be suppressed. The light emitting element 13 (notifying means) is a box 1
Since it is built in the inside, connection to the light emitting element 13 can be easily performed. The lid 2 closes the opening of the box 1, and a door 26 for opening and closing the switches 6, 11, and 12 is opened and closed on the box 1 when opened at the center. At the same time, a transparent cover 27 is attached to one side at a position corresponding to the light emitting element 13 so that the light emitting and non-light emitting state of the light emitting element 13 can be checked without opening the lid 2. Has become. (Embodiment) FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram showing a connection state of a distribution board according to the present embodiment, and FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of energization to a load. The members having the same basic functions as those of the proposed example are denoted by the same reference numerals. A major difference from the proposed example of the distribution board is that in the proposed example, the neutral wire 5 and the two voltage wires 3 and 4 are connected to the main switch 11 for private power generation. In the embodiment, the point is that two voltage lines 3 and 4 are connected to the main switch 11 for private power generation, and the main switch 11 for private power generation will be mainly described below. That is, as shown in FIG. 5, the main switch 11 for private power generation is connected to the conductive bars 7, 8 of the two voltage lines 3, 4 out of the three conductive bars 7, 8, 9, respectively. Terminals 20 and 20 on the load side are connected and terminals 19 and 19 on the power supply side are
It is connected to E2 (solar cell) via the inverter 10. Further, the main switch 11 for private power generation is provided with a neutral-phase open phase detecting means 28 for detecting the open phase of the neutral line 5 and forcibly opening the electric circuit contact 21. When the supply of the power is stopped, the private power generating main switch 11 detects a neutral line open phase, and the private power generating main switch 11 can be quickly tripped. The main power switch 11 for private power generation includes:
A contact 23 that operates when the supply of electricity from the private power generator E2 is cut off is built in. When the supply of electricity from the private power generator E2 is stopped, the contact 23 is connected via one branch switch 12 and the current limiting resistor 24. By sounding a buzzer 29 (notifying means) connected to one voltage line 4 and one neutral line 5, it is possible to easily recognize that the supply of electricity from the private power generator E2 is stopped. Therefore, when the buzzer 29 (notifying means) sounds while the electric power is being supplied from the commercial power source E1, the main power switch 11 for private power generation is turned on,
Electricity is also supplied from the private power generator E2, so that an increase in the electricity bill of the commercial power supply E1 can be suppressed. Since the buzzer 29 (notification means) is built in the box 1, connection to the buzzer 29 can be easily performed. In the present embodiment, the main switch 6 for the commercial power supply also has an overcurrent for detecting the overload current flowing through the neutral conductor 5 at the neutral pole to which the neutral conductor 5 is connected. Since the protection element 16 is interposed, when the load connected to each branch switch 12 is in an unbalanced state, an overcurrent can be detected at the neutral pole through which the most current flows, and the trip operation is performed normally. You can do it. That is, as shown in FIG. 6A, when a balanced load is connected between the neutral line 5 and each of the voltage lines 3 and 4, no current flows through the neutral line 5 It seems that the neutral pole of the side main switch 6 does not need the overcurrent protection element 16 for detecting the overload current. However, as shown in FIG. When an unbalanced load is connected between 4, a larger current flows through the neutral line 5 than the voltage lines 3 and 4, so the overload current is detected at the neutral pole of the mains switch 6 on the commercial power supply side. By providing the overcurrent protection element 16 that operates as described above, the main power switch 6 for commercial power can be normally tripped. Although the light emitting element and the buzzer are used as the notifying means in the proposed example and the embodiment, the main power switch for private power generation is turned off or tripped as in the sound notification using human voice. What is necessary is just to be able to confirm a state easily. Further, in the proposed example and the embodiment, the contact which operates when the private power generating main switch is off or in the trip state is provided by a notifying means from the branch switch when the private power generating main switch is on. It is a normally open contact that is energized to the notification means from the branch switch when the private power generator main switch is off or tripped, but it is branched when the private power main switch is on. It is energized notification means from the vessel, for private power generation trunk switches also have good as normally closed contacts which are not energized notification means from the branch switch in the off or tripped state. According to the first aspect of the present invention, the distribution board is connected to a single-phase three-wire commercial power supply composed of two voltage wires and one neutral wire, and is connected to an overload current or a short-circuit current. Main power switch for interrupting the supply of electric power from the commercial power supply when an overcurrent occurs, two voltage lines and one power line electrically connected to the load side of the main power switch for the commercial power supply. Three conductive bars consisting of neutral wires and two of the three conductive bars
And the power supply side is connected to the private power generator to cut off the supply of electricity from the private power generator when an overcurrent such as an overload current or a short-circuit current occurs. a private power generation for trunk switches, three and a plurality of branching switches for supplying power to the load from one of the voltage lines and one neutral wire of the conductive bar, and stored in the box body minute In the power board, the main power switch for private power generation is provided with a contact that operates when the supply of power from the private power generator is cut off, and the supply of electricity from the private power generator is stopped with the operation of the contact. Since the notifying means for notifying the outside of the box is provided, it is easy to confirm that the main power switch for private power generation is off or tripped, and thus it is easily understood that the supply of electricity from the private power generator is stopped. For this reason, by operating the in-house main power switch, power is also supplied from the in-house power generation device, and an increase in the electricity cost of the commercial power supply can be suppressed. In addition, the main switch for private power generation is connected to two of the three conductive bars.
Electrical connection between the load side and
The neutral line open phase means for detecting the neutral line open phase when the supply of electricity is stopped is provided, so when the supply of electricity from the commercial power supply is stopped, The neutral line open phase is detected, and the main switch for private power generation can be quickly tripped.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a connection state circuit diagram of a distribution board showing a proposal example on which the present invention is based. FIG. 2 is a front view of the box of FIG. 1; FIG. 3 is a front view showing a state where a lid of FIG. 2 is closed. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of energization of the load of FIG. 1;
(A) shows a balanced load connection state, and (b) shows an unbalanced load connection state. FIG. 5 is a connection state circuit diagram of a distribution board showing an embodiment of the present invention. 6 is an explanatory diagram of energization of the load of FIG. 5,
(A) shows a balanced load connection state, and (b) shows an unbalanced load connection state. [Description of Signs] 1 Box Corps 3,4 Voltage line 5 Neutral line 6 Main switch for commercial power 7,8,9 Conductive bar 11 Main switch for private power generation 12 Branch switch 13 Notification means (light emitting element) 29 Notification means (buzzer)

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) H02B 1/40-1/42

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims 1] Connected to a single-phase three-wire commercial power supply consisting of two voltage wires and one neutral wire, and an overcurrent such as an overload current or a short-circuit current is generated. A mains switch for a commercial power supply that cuts off the supply of electricity from the commercial power supply when it occurs, two voltage lines electrically connected to the load side of the mains switch for the commercial power supply, and one neutral switch Three conductive bars consisting of wires,
Electrically connecting the load side to only two voltage lines of the conductive bars and connecting the power supply side to the private power generator,
A main switch for private power generation that interrupts the supply of electricity from the private power generator when an overcurrent such as an overload current or a short-circuit current occurs, and one voltage line and one of the three conductive bars And a plurality of branch switches for supplying power from the neutral wire to the load, and a distribution board in which the main power switch for private power generation is cut off from the private power generator. A contact that is activated when the contact is activated, and a notifying unit that informs the outside of the box of the state of supply of electricity from the private power generator with the actuation of the contact . The supply of electricity was stopped
A distribution board characterized in that a neutral line open phase means for sometimes detecting a neutral line open phase is provided.