JP3526605B2 - Three-dimensional object deformation method and modeling system - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a three-dimensional object deformation method and modeling system. CG (Computer Graphics) is used in many fields such as CAD / CAM, business graphics, image processing, and video processing. In particular, a CG three-dimensional object modeling system is a machine in the field of CAD / CAM,
It is effectively used in the fields of designing and manufacturing automobiles, ships, aircraft, buildings, etc., and image processing such as commercials, movies and animations.

In a three-dimensional object modeling system, an object is represented by enclosing the surface with a large number of polygons. By moving the positions of the vertices of each polygon, the polygon is deformed and the object is deformed. .

In the future, in the field of image processing, CAD
/ Not only in the field of CAM, it is not only artificial rigid objects that combine straight lines, but also curved and complex and uneven and complex and soft life forms such as animals and humans, or the like, It is necessary to be able to transform properly and perform modeling.

[0004]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, when a three-dimensional object having a complicated shape is created by a modeling system,
A simple object such as a cylinder or a sphere is first created and then deformed. As a general method of locally deforming a three-dimensional object, the vertices, edges, or faces to be deformed are specified, and the specified vertices,
There is a method of designating the position after movement of an edge or a surface.

As a method of globally deforming a three-dimensional object, a method of providing an auxiliary axis on the object and moving a nodal point of the axis, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2-103673, There is also a method of surrounding an object with a boundary box and deforming it.

[0006]

However, the conventional deformation method has the following drawbacks. That is, in the former method described above, only the specified vertices or edges are directly moved and deformed, so it is suitable for fine local deformation, but if the number of vertices or edges to be moved increases, The more difficult it becomes, the harder it is to deform smoothly, and it is difficult to create a smooth object. Moreover, when a complex object with a large amount of data is created and deformed, if the entire deformation is performed by such local deformation, the operation accompanying the deformation becomes extremely complicated,
In reality, deformation becomes impossible.

Further, in the latter method, the object can be largely deformed as a whole by the deformation of the axis and the boundary box, but local fine deformation cannot be performed. Since it is not possible to perform deformation operations on the edges and sides, it is difficult for the operator to imagine what the shape will be after the deformation, and the shape will change to the target shape without trial and error. I can't let you do it.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and local deformation and global deformation can be easily performed by the same operation, and a complex object having a large amount of data is created and deformed. Even if you do it, you can transform it smoothly without complicated operations associated with the transformation. 3
An object is to provide a dimensional object deformation method or modeling system.

An object of the invention of claim 2 is to facilitate the deformation when the deformation is symmetrical with respect to one deformation. It is an object of the inventions of claims 3 and 6 to facilitate setting of the movement amount of the affected area.

An object of the invention of claim 4 is to facilitate setting of an affected area.

[0011]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the method according to the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG.
A method for deforming a three-dimensional object, the surface of which is represented by a large number of polygons, by a modeling system using computer graphics, the deformation area including a side or a surface in which a plurality of vertices TP to be moved are designated. CE
Setting based on R , setting a position CPT of the modified area CER after the movement based on a designated input, and moving around the modified area CER in conjunction with the modified area CER. The vertices that should be enabled are set as the influence area EER, and the influence area is set for the influence area.
Depending on the time when the instructions for
Setting to spread from the outer circumference to the outside ,
The affected area EE accompanying the movement of the deformation area CER
Setting the deformation amount of each vertex TP of R, moving each vertex TP of the deformation area CER to the set position CPT, each vertex TP of the influence area EER
And a step of moving in accordance with the set deformation amount are executed by the modeling system. Or the influence area is the number of specified vertices
To evenly allocate around the deformation area according to
Therefore, set.

Preferably, the set symmetry line / plane SLF
Respect, the deformation area CER and symmetrical region and the influence region EER, Ru deformation is such that the deformation and the symmetry of the deformed region CER and the impact region EER.

Further , the deformation amount is set as a function FTN whose movement amount is determined according to the distance from the deformation region.
It

The system according to the present invention is a modeling system 1 for a three-dimensional object JT whose surface is represented by a large number of polygons PG, and has a plurality of vertices T to be moved.
Based on the deformation area CER that includes the specified side or face P
A deformation area setting means M1 for setting Te, based on the specification input
Wherein the position setting means M2 for setting a position CPT after movement of deformation area CER, and the modification area CER and interlocking the apex should be movable region of influence EER in the periphery of the deformation region CER Te, the region of influence The affected area
Depending on the time that the instructions for the setting of
An influence area setting means M3 that is set so as to spread from the outer periphery of the deformation area to the outside thereof; a deformation amount setting means M4 that sets the deformation amount of each vertex TP of the influence area EER due to the movement of the deformation area CER; Deformation region processing means M5 for moving each vertex TP of the deformation region CER to the set position CPT, and each vertex TP of the influence region EER,
And an affected area processing unit M6 that moves the respective affected areas in accordance with the set deformation amount.

Preferably , the deformation amount setting means M4 is
The influence area processing means includes a function setting means M41 for setting a specific function FTN whose movement amount is determined according to a distance from the deformation area CPT, and a parameter setting means M42 for setting a parameter FPM of the function FTN. M3 determines each vertex TP based on the function FTN and the parameter FPM.
And a position calculating means M61 for calculating the position after the movement of.

[0016]

The function of deforming the object JT by the modeling system 1 will be described. The deformation area CER is set by designating the vertex TP, or the side or the surface. Next, the deformation area C
The position (deformation position) CPT after movement of the ER is set. Then, the affected area EER is set, and for example, the function FTN and the parameter (function parameter) FPM are set as the deformation amount.

Then, the amount of movement of each vertex TP of the deformation area CER and the influence area EER is calculated, and the object based on the result is displayed on the screen HG. Also, the symmetry line / plane S
When LF is set, a region symmetrical with respect to the set deformation region CER and influence region EER is also deformed.

The deformation area processing means M5 and the influence area processing means M6 in claim 5 are functional means in the deformation processing means for moving the vertices TP of both the deformation area CER and the influence area EER. The process of moving the vertex TP by these includes, for example, updating the contents of the file storing the data of the object JT with the moved data.

[0019]

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a modeling system 1 according to the present invention, FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of a deformed object JT displayed on a screen HG, and FIG. 4 is displayed on a screen HG. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of a part of the object JT, and FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the object JT displayed after the object JT of FIG. 4 is deformed.

In FIG. 2, the modeling system 1 is
The processing device 11, the input device 12, the storage device 13, and the display device 14 are provided, and it is possible to perform modeling while displaying and deforming the three-dimensional object JT represented by the polygon PG.

The input device 12 is a keyboard, a mouse, a tablet, a stylus pen, etc., and is operated by an operator to input data and commands for setting various parameters. The storage device 13 stores the vertex data D
A 3D data file 28 that stores TP and geometric data DGE is provided.

Referring also to FIGS. 3 and 4, the vertex data D
TP is a three-dimensional coordinate (x, y,
z), and the geometric data DGE is data indicating the connection state between the vertices TP. Vertex data D
3D object J by TP and geometric data DGE
The shape of T is defined. 3 on the screen HG of the display device 14.
A three-dimensional object JT, a message, etc. are displayed.

The processing device 11 includes a modified shape setting unit 21, a modified parameter setting unit 22, a modified processing unit 23, and a display processing unit 2.
4 and so on. The deformed shape setting unit 21 has a deformed region storage unit 31 and a deformed position storage unit 32 for setting the deformed region CER and the deformed position CPT and storing them.

As shown in FIG. 4, the deformation area CE
R is a region including one or a plurality of vertices TP to be moved due to deformation of the object, and is designated by an operation of the input device 12 on the screen HG. Deformation area CE
The designation of R can also be performed by the vertex TP or the side or the surface (polygon PG). However, even when the side or the face is designated, the processing in the modeling system 1 is performed based on the coordinates of the vertex TP.

The deformation position CPT is data indicating the position after the deformation region CER is moved. For example, one vertex TP before deformation in the deformation region CER and its position after deformation can be dragged with the mouse. Set by.

The transformation parameter setting unit 22 determines the influence area EE.
Influence area storage unit 3 for setting R and storing the data
3. Function FTN and function parameter FP that determine the amount of deformation
A function storage unit 34 and a function parameter storage unit 35 for setting M and storing the respective data, and a symmetry line / plane SL
Symmetric line / plane storage unit 3 for setting F and storing the data
Have six.

The affected area EER is an area around the deformation area CER and including a vertex TP which should be movable in conjunction with the deformation of the deformation area CER. There are various methods for setting the affected area EER as described below.

The first method is to specify the number of vertices TP around the deformation area CER. In this case, the affected area EER is evenly allocated around the deformation area CER according to the number of the specified vertices TP.

The second method is to specify the radius r of the circle. In this case, the center point of the deformation region CER, for example, the center of gravity is included in the circle having the specified radius r as the center of the circle. A region that is not the modified region CER is set as the affected region EER.

The third method is a method of designating the width w of the affected area EER. In this case, an annular area from the outer circumference of the deformation area CER to the designated width w is set as the affected area EER. Is set.

FIG. 9 shows an example in which the width w is designated as "3" and the affected area EER is set by the third method.
In this example, the nine black dots in the center are the vertices TP of the deformation area CER, and the 72 white dots around it are the affected areas EE.
It is the apex TP of R.

The fourth method is a method of surrounding the deformation area CER by operating the input device 12, and the surrounded area is set as the influence area EER. The fifth method is a method of measuring a time during which an instruction for setting the influence area EER is given and setting an area extending outward from the deformation area CER as the influence area EER according to the time.
For example, the click time of the mouse is measured, and the area that spreads in proportion to the measurement time is set as the affected area EER.

In any of these setting methods, the shade, color, brightness, etc. of the affected area EER to be set are made different from those in the surrounding area, and this makes it possible to determine what area is affected
Whether it is set as R is clearly shown. It should be noted that the above-mentioned deformation area CER is also highlighted so that it can be easily distinguished from its surroundings.

The function FTN determines the amount of movement according to the distance r from the outer circumference of the deformation area CER, and the function parameter FPM is the parameter of the function FTN. For example, assume that the following expression (1) is set as the function FTN.

F (r) = dr = [1 / (ar ⁿ )] × dx (1) where dx: Deformation amount of deformation area CER a, n: Parameter (n> 0) Function parameter FPM The affected area EER changes in various curves in accordance with the values of a and n. When n is small, a smooth change appears, and when n is large, a steep change appears.

For example, the influence area EER of the object shown in FIG.
Is the function FTN and the function parameter FP as shown in FIG.
When M is set, it is gently deformed as shown in FIG. Further, when the function FTN and the function parameter FPM are set as shown in FIG. 8, they are sharply deformed as shown in FIG.

When each apex TP of the deformation area CER is moved, each apex TP of the affected area EER moves according to the moving amount, but the apex TP outside the affected area EER.
Does not actually move even if there is a movement amount depending on the calculation from the function FTN and the function parameter FPM.

By setting this, the symmetry line / plane SLF is symmetric with respect to the deformation region CER and the influence region EER with respect to the symmetry line / plane SLF and the deformation region CER and the influence region EER. It is for deforming so that. That is, the same effect as when the deformation region CER and the influence region EER are set is produced at the symmetric position with respect to the symmetry line / plane SLF.

Therefore, for example, in a cylindrical object JT as shown in FIG. 3, if the center axis is set as the symmetry line / plane SLF, the set deformation area CER is set.
The deformation in the affected area EER also appears on the opposite side with the central axis being symmetrical.

When the symmetry line / plane SLF is set at a position eccentric from the center position of the object, the resulting deformation is
The amount depends on the ratio of the distance between the symmetry line / plane SLF and the deformation region CER. Furthermore, when the symmetry line / plane SLF is outside the object JT, the deformation due to this is in the same direction as the deformation of the originally set deformation region CER and the influence region EER, and therefore, as shown in FIG. When a convex deformation is set in a portion with a mark, the deformation due to the symmetry line / plane SLF appears in a portion on the opposite side of the outer peripheral surface, and it becomes concave.

The deformation processing section 23 moves each vertex TP of the deformation area CER to the set position, and the influence area EE.
Processing for moving each vertex TP of R according to the set deformation amount is performed. The transformation processing unit 23 is provided with a changed vertex detection unit 37 and a vertex data calculation unit 38.

The changed vertex detecting section 37 detects all the vertices TP in the affected area EER based on the geometric data DGE stored in the 3D data file 28. The vertex data calculation unit 38 uses the function FTN and the function parameter FP.
Based on M, the amount of deformation of the vertex TP detected by the changing vertex detector 37 is calculated, and the position and normal vector are calculated. The vertex data DTP of the 3D data file 28 is updated with the calculated value.

The display processing unit 24 performs the processing for displaying the object JT stored in the 3D data file 28 on the screen HG of the display device 14 based on the instruction from the input device 12, and the vertex data of the object. DTP and geometric data DG
Processing for displaying various data required in the process of creating or updating E is performed.

Next, the transformation process in the modeling system 1 will be described with reference to the flowchart. FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing the transformation process.

First, the deformation area CER is set (# 1
1), the deformation position C which is the position after the movement of the deformation region CER
PT is set (# 12). Then, the affected area EER is set (# 13), and the function FTN and the function parameter FPM are set.
Is set (# 14).

After that, the amount of movement of each vertex TP is calculated (# 15), and an object based on the result is displayed on the screen HG (# 16). In the embodiment described above, the processing device 11
The deformed shape setting unit 21 corresponds to the deformed region setting unit M1 and the position setting unit M2 of the present invention, and the deformed parameter setting unit 22 corresponds to the affected region setting unit M3 and the deformed amount setting unit M4 of the present invention. The section 23 corresponds to the deformation area means M5 and the influence area processing means M6 of the present invention.

According to the above embodiment, the vertex T of the object JT
Since it is possible to set a plurality of vertices TP to be moved in P as the deformation region CER, it is possible to freely set the shape of the portion that is the center of deformation. Also,
By setting the symmetry line / plane SLF, it is possible to easily perform the symmetrical deformation with respect to the set deformation area CER and influence area EER.

Further, a plurality of vertices T are provided as the deformation area CER.
Since P can be set and the affected area EER can be set, an object can be freely deformed locally or globally by the same operation, and the operation is easy. Moreover, since global deformation can be performed by a single operation, even when a complex object having a large amount of data is created and deformed, the operation accompanying the deformation becomes complicated or the amount of operation becomes enormous. Never. Also, the function FTN and the function parameter FP
By appropriately setting M, various deformations such as smooth deformation and sharp deformation can be easily performed.

Since various methods can be used to set the influence area EER, an appropriate method can be selected according to the shape or size of the deformation area CER or the influence area EER, and the setting can be made. It's easy. Further, particularly when the method of measuring the click time of the mouse is selected, the operation is extremely easy.

In the above embodiment, the deformed position CPT is set by dragging it with the mouse, but it may be set by inputting the moving distance, the moving direction, or the coordinates after moving.

In the above embodiment, the deformation area CE
Data such as R, the deformation position CPT, the affected area EER, and the function FTN are stored in the memory in the processing device 11. However, instead of this or together with this, it may be stored in the external storage device 13. Good. The vertex data DTP and the geometric data DGE stored in the storage device 13,
The loaded data may be used by loading it into the memory in the processing device 11.

[0052]

According to the present invention, it is possible to easily perform local deformation and global deformation by the same operation, and it is possible to easily set the influence area and to obtain the data. Even when a large amount of complicated object is created and deformed, the deformation can be smoothly performed without complicated operations and enormous amount of operations.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, when a symmetrical deformation is performed with respect to one deformation, the deformation can be easily set. According to the inventions of claims 4 and 6, it is possible to easily set the movement amount of the affected area.

According to the invention of claim 4, it is possible to easily set the influence area.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a modeling system according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of an object after a deformation process displayed on a screen.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of a part of an object displayed on a screen.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an object displayed after the object of FIG. 4 is deformed.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of a deformation amount according to a distance from the outer circumference of a deformation region.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an object displayed after the object of FIG. 4 is deformed.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an example of the amount of deformation according to the distance from the outer circumference of the deformation area.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an example in which an affected area is set by designating a width.

FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing a transformation process.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 modeling system JT object PG polygon TP apex CER deformation area EER area of influence CPT deformation position SLF symmetry line / plane FTN function FPM function parameter (parameter) M1 deformation area setting means M2 position setting means M3 influence area setting means M4 Deformation amount setting means M5 deformation area processing means M6 influence area processing means M41 Function setting means M42 parameter setting means M61 position calculation means

(72) Inventor Kazuhisa Oe 1-2-3 Manpukuji, Aso-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa Within Fujitsu Personal Computer Systems, Inc. (72) Inventor Yuichi Nagai 1-2-3 Manpuku-ji, Aso-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa Stock Company Fujitsu Computer Systems (72) Inventor Hideo Shindo 1-2-3 Manpukuji, Aso-ku, Kawasaki City, Kanagawa Prefecture Fujitsu Computer Systems Ltd. (72) Inventor Hitoshi Matsumoto 1015 Uedanaka, Nakahara-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa Prefecture Fujitsu Limited (72) Inventor Masaaki Ota 1015 Kamiodanaka, Nakahara-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa Fujitsu Limited (56) Reference JP 62-26584 (JP, A) JP 5-147638 (JP, A) Special Kaihei 1-29771 (JP, A) JP 7-73343 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) G06F 17/50 G06T 17/40

Claims (6)

(57) [Claims] 1. A method for deforming a three-dimensional object, the surface of which is represented by a large number of polygons, by a modeling system using computer graphics, wherein an edge or a surface in which a plurality of vertices to be moved are designated. apex and setting based on a modified region, to be a step of setting the position after the movement of the deformation area on the basis of specified input, and movable in conjunction with the deformation region in the periphery of the deformation region comprising Is the area of influence ,
At the time when instructions are given for setting the affected area
Accordingly, it will spread from the outer circumference of the deformation area to the outside.
Setting step, a step of setting the deformation amount of each vertex of the affected area with the movement of the deformation area, a step of moving each vertex of the deformation area to a set position, each of the affected area A method of deforming a three-dimensional object, characterized in that the step of moving the vertices according to the set deformation amount is executed by the modeling system. 2. A model using computer graphics.
The ring system allows the surface to have a large number of polygons
A method for transforming a three-dimensional object represented by a plurality of vertices to be moved including specified edges or faces
Step of setting based on the deformation area, and setting the position after movement of the deformation area based on the designated input
And the movement around the deformation area in conjunction with the deformation area.
The vertices that should be movable are the influence areas, and the influence area is
According to the number of specified vertices, the circumference of the deformation area is averaged.
And the step of setting by assigning to each of the vertices of the affected area with the movement of the deformation area.
The step of setting the deformation amount and the step of moving each vertex of the deformation area to the set position.
Step and each vertex of the affected area according to the set deformation amount
The step of moving each of them is executed by the modeling system.
And a three-dimensional object transformation method. To 3. A set symmetric line-plane, symmetric region and the deformed region and the influence region, the deformation area and the effect to be deformed to deformation symmetric region claim 1 or 2. The three-dimensional object deformation method according to item 2 . The method according to claim 4, wherein the deformation amount, three-dimensional object deformation method according to any one of claims 1 to 3 is set as a function of the amount of movement is determined according to the distance from the deformable region. 5. A three-dimensional object modeling system whose surface is represented by a large number of polygons, wherein a plurality of vertices to be moved are set on the basis of a deformation area including designated sides or surfaces. Setting means, position setting means for setting the position after movement of the deformation area based on a designated input, and an apex to be movable around the deformation area in conjunction with the deformation area as an influence area , The affected area,
At the time when instructions are given for setting the affected area
Accordingly, it will spread from the outer circumference of the deformation area to the outside.
And a deformation amount setting unit that sets a deformation amount of each vertex of the influence region associated with the movement of the deformation region, and a deformation that moves each vertex of the deformation region to a set position. A three-dimensional object modeling system comprising: area processing means; and area-of-effect processing means for moving each vertex of the area of influence according to a set deformation amount. 6. The deformation amount setting means includes a function setting means for setting a specific function whose movement amount is determined according to a distance from the deformation area, and a parameter setting means for setting a parameter of the function. The three-dimensional object modeling system according to claim 5, wherein the influence area processing means includes position calculation means for calculating the position of each vertex after the movement based on the function and the parameter.