JP3520360B2 - Booster - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a booster which performs a function of converting a small input into a large output with the help of a driving force transmitted from a power source having a large power such as an engine. It can be used for power steering of automobiles, brake boosters, boosting mechanisms for various devices such as robots. 2. Description of the Related Art A conventional booster mainly uses a hydraulic device. An example is the power steering of a car.The basic configuration is to drive the oil pump with the engine, use the generated oil pressure to expand the input by operating the steering wheel, and perform the steering function with the obtained output. Was. The reason that the hydraulic device is used for the booster is that it is difficult to mechanically extract an output proportional to the number of rotations of the operation input from the power source. In order to mechanically extract a driving force from a power source such as an engine to constitute a booster mechanism, it is necessary that a system for transmitting the driving force from the power source and a transmission system for operating input are mechanically connected. However, on the other hand, the rotations of the two were not always in a proportional relationship, so they had to be in a neutral relationship with each other, and it was considered that it was technically difficult to satisfy conflicting requirements at the same time. . If a hydraulic device is used, such a problem can be relatively easily overcome. Therefore, a hydraulic device is exclusively used for a device requiring a booster mechanism. However, the hydraulic device has problems such as a complicated structure and a large loss of fuel efficiency, and thus needs to be improved. [0003] A booster that is mechanically constructed without using a hydraulic device, is compact, and has low energy loss. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION [0004] Between two sun gear shafts of a differential gear device having two sun gears, a carrier, and a planetary gear supported by the carrier as main components on the same axis. A reduction mechanism on the driving force transmission path, or an irreversible mechanism composed of a worm gear or the like is incorporated so as to interlock with the carrier so that transmission of driving force between both sun gears is performed only in one direction, Further, the compound gear ratio is set so that the gear ratio between the driving-side sun gear shaft and the driven-side sun gear shaft becomes 1 including the non-reversible mechanism in the same rotation direction. It is composed of a dynamic gear device, its carrier is used as an input element for transmitting the driving force from the power source, the driving sun gear shaft is used as an input shaft for operation input, and the driven sun gear shaft is used as an output shaft for enlarged output. Booster. FIG. 1 shows the basic structure of a booster. A gear box 2, a ring gear 3 connected to the gear box and transmitting rotation from a power source, and provided on a central shaft. A sun gear 7 connected to an input shaft 9 for transmitting an operation input; a planetary gear 5 provided on a planetary gear support shaft 4; a sun gear 8 provided on a central shaft and connected to an output shaft 10; The main component is an irreversible mechanism 11 provided on a transmission path of an operation input transmitted from the sun gear 7 to the sun gear 8 via the planetary gears 5 and 6, and the operation input transmitted from the input crank 13 controls the sun gear 7 . When driven, the planetary gear 5 meshing with the gear, the irreversible mechanism 11, the planetary gear 6, and the sun gear 8 are transmitted to the output shaft so that the sun gears 7, 8
It is constituted by a complex differential device in which the number of teeth of the constituent gears is adjusted so that the reduction ratio between them becomes 1. The boosting action of the booster will be described with reference to FIG.
Then it is as follows. The rotation transmitted from the power source is
The ring gear 3 is driven via the eve gear 12 and
The gear box 2 which is the same as the gear 3 is rotated. Carrier
Planetary gear support by rotation of the gearbox 2
The bearing shaft 4 revolves around the center axis 1 and the play is coaxial.
The star gears 5, 6 revolve around the outer periphery of the sun gear. Operation
There is no operation input and the input crank 13 is stopped
A certain amount of stopping force is applied to the power train, and the sun gear 7 stops.
The planetary gear 5 meshes with the sun gear 7
The planetary gear 5 revolves around the sun gear,
Rotate in the same direction as the box. The rotation of the planetary gear 5 is not
It is transmitted to the planetary gear 6 via the reversible mechanism, and the planetary gear 5
Revolves at the same time as being driven by the rolling. . The reduction ratio between the sun gears 7 and 8 is set to 1.
The sun gear 7 is stopped
The gear 8 also stops without rotating, and the sun gear 8 rotates the sun gear 7
In a subordinate relationship driven by a
Drive sun gear 7 by rotation of sun gear 8
Nothing to do. Also, the change in the amount of rotation of the gear box 2
It is not affected by the rotation of the sun gear 7, 8
Of the gearbox 2 transmitted from the
Transmission is a mutually neutral relationship. Sun
The gear 8 is driven in a manner dependent on the sun gear 7 and has a driving force.
Is transmitted by increasing or decreasing the amount of rotation of the planetary gear group.
Planetary gears directly affect the rotation of sun gear 8
Six revolutions and rotation. The rotation of the planetary gear 6 causes the sun gear 8 to
And the planetary gear 6 revolves
The sun gear is driven in the same direction as the rotation of the gearbox.
When the sun gear 7 is stopped, it depends on the revolution of the planetary gear 6
The driving amount and the driving amount by rotation are equal and both are offset.
Thus, the sun gear 8 does not rotate and continues to stop. Sun gear 7
When the gear rotates in the opposite direction to the gear box 2, the planetary gear 5,
Although the amount of rotation of 6 increases, the amount of revolution does not change.
The driving amount by the rotation is greater than that of the sun gear 8 and the gear box 2
Drive in the direction opposite to the direction of rotation. Driving force in this case
Is derived from the operation input and does not produce a boosting effect.
The driving force is reduced and transmitted due to internal resistance and the like. On the contrary, sun teeth
Planetary teeth when the car 7 is driven in the same direction as the gearbox
Does the amount of rotation of car 6 decrease but the amount of revolution remains the same?
The amount of drive by the revolution is greater than that of the planetary gear 6 and the sun teeth
The car 8 is dragged in the same amount as the rotation of the sun gear 7
Driven. In this case, the driving force that causes the revolution
Because of this, a strong driving force will work. However, the sun gear 8 is driven by the driving force of the revolution.
When driven, the rotation of the planetary gear 6 increases due to the load on the driven body.
A reaction occurs in a form that encourages
You. Therefore, the present invention employs a non-reversible mechanism between the sun gears 7 and 8.
To change the rotation of the planetary gear 6 by the action of the driven body.
Backflow of reaction due to the structure that can not be brought
Is stopped and the sun gear 8 drives to revolve as it is.
Power will work. As a result, the sun gear 7 is driven and the planet
Driving force to reduce the amount of rotation of the gear is small input
Because the small input is enlarged by a huge driving force
Force function will occur . [0011] [0012] For example, if the sun gear 7 without operation input by the booster of Figure 1 is stopped, the planetary gear 5 is simultaneously 2 R rotates when 1R revolve depending on the rotation of the gear box 1R, planet gear 6 also the same amount revolve rotation and the planetary gear 5, 2 R rotation of sun 1R revolving sun gear 8 2 R gearbox but an attempt to rotate in the same direction as the planetary gear 6 of the planetary gear 6 In order to rotate the gear 8 by 2R in the opposite direction, the operations of the two are canceled each other, so that the rotation is not transmitted to the sun gear 8 and the sun gear 8 continues to be stopped. When the sun gear 7 rotates in the same direction as the 1 / 2R gear box 2 due to an operation input during rotation of the gear box 1R, the planetary gear 5 revolves 1R, while the amount of rotation is 3 / 2R. , And the planetary gear 6 similarly performs a revolution of 1R and a rotation of 3 / 2R. 3/2 R of planetary gear 6
The rotation of the sun gear 8 tries to rotate the sun gear 8 in the direction opposite to the 3/2 R gear box 2, but the 1 R revolution of the planetary gear 6 attempts to rotate the sun gear 8 2 R in the same direction as the gear box 2, and revolves. , The amount of rotation driven by the rotation is 1 / 2R greater than the amount of rotation driven by the rotation, so that the driving force of the revolution drives the sun gear 8 in the same direction as the 1 / 2R gearbox 2. Therefore, the amount of rotation is equal between the input and output shafts, and the driving force from the power source acts on the driving force, so that the boosting function operates. In the case where the sun gear 7 is rotated in a direction opposite to the gear box 2, the planetary gears 5 and 6
Increase the amount of rotation and drive sun gear 8 in the opposite direction.
But the boost function works because it is driven only by the operation input
No. Therefore, the booster has a booster function only for rotation in one direction.
If you need a boost function in both left and right directions to work, 2
It is necessary to use unit combination. FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a first embodiment. This embodiment is a booster in which the boost function works only in one direction of rotation,
Non-reversible mechanism 1 in the configuration diagram of the booster mechanism shown in FIG.
1 is provided with an irreversible mechanism based on a reduction mechanism constituted by a differential gear train. FIG. 2 shows a booster in which worm gears are provided at an input portion and an output portion of the booster mechanism so as to avoid mechanical trouble due to backflow. The input sequence of the operation input is an input crank 33,
Worm gear unit 34, ground gear 35, input gear 3
6 is comprised. The compound differential gear device serving as the main body of the booster includes a center shaft 21, a gear box 22, and a ring gear 2.
3, a planetary gear support shaft 24, planetary gears 25 and 26, sun gears 27 and 28, an input shaft 29, an output shaft 30, and a non-reciprocal mechanism 31. The output series of the enlarged output includes a worm gear device 37 and an output gear 38 provided on the output shaft 30. The irreversible mechanism 31 inputs the planetary gear 25
And a gear, the planetary gear shaft 31b to rotate freely journalled in the planet gear 25, planet gear 31c which is provided fixed to the planetary gear support shaft on, 31d, located on the planetary gear support shaft 24 the planetary gear 31c meshed with the gear A planetary gear 24 connected to a sun gear 31e and a planetary gear 26 fixedly provided on the box 22
The sun gear 31 which rotates freely on and meshes with the planetary gear 31d
f and a speed reduction mechanism of the differential gear train composed of f.
Scientifically proved the condition for generating the irreversible function of the speed reduction mechanism
Although there is nothing to clarify, the above configuration reduction gear was created and tested
However, since an irreversible state was confirmed at a speed reduction ratio of 5,
This is adopted in the embodiment. It should be noted that the reduction gear of the reduction ratio 5
Indicates the number of teeth of the constituent sun gear and planetary gear as shown below or below
It can be created by configuring with the above ratio. Fixed sun gear 31e 18 rotating sun gear 31f
... 20 planetary gears 31d ... 16 planetary gears 31c ...
( 18 ) When the speed reduction mechanism is used as a non-reversible mechanism, a mechanism for canceling the speed reduction effect is required.
In this embodiment, the planetary gear 26 is made larger and the sun gear 28 is made smaller, thereby canceling out the deceleration effect of the speed reduction mechanism, and the sun gear 2
The gear ratio between 7 and 28 is set to 1. Although the present embodiment is constructed as described above, the operation will be described as follows. The rotation of the power source transmits the rotation to the ring gear 23 and the gear box 22 via the drive gear 32. The planetary gears 25 and 26 and the components of the reduction mechanism 31 revolve and rotate by the rotation of the gear box 22, but the sun gears 27 and 28 do not rotate unless the rotation according to the operation input is transmitted. The operation input transmitted by the rotation of the crank 33 is transmitted to the sun gear 2 via the worm gear device 34, the ground gear 35, the input gear 36, and the input shaft 29.
Tell 7 the rotation. The rotation of the sun gear 27 is the planetary gear 2
By reducing the amount of rotation of 5 and 26, rotation of the same amount of rotation is transmitted to the sun gear 28 in the same direction and the boosting function is performed. The rotation transmitted to the sun gear 28 is the output shaft 30 as an enlarged output,
And, it is transmitted to the output gear 38 via the worm gear device 37. In this embodiment, if the rotation of the gear box is clockwise, the boosting function works only on the operation input that causes the sun gear 7 to rotate clockwise. Second Embodiment FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a second embodiment. This embodiment is a booster in which two booster mechanisms are provided in one gear box so that a boost function can be performed by rotation in both left and right directions. The operation input series is
An input crank 53, a worm gear device 54, a bevel gear 55 for transmitting an output from the worm gear device, and a center shaft 4
1, the bevel gears 56 and 56 'are provided opposite to each other. The bevel gear 56 is connected to the input shaft 49, and the bevel gear 56' is connected to the input shaft 49 '. The shafts 49 and 49 'are configured to transmit rotations in opposite directions to each other. The composite differential gear device serving as the main body of the booster mechanism is configured by providing two units of the booster mechanism in one gear box. The first unit of the booster mechanism is a central shaft 41,
Gear box 42, ring gear 43, gear box 42
Planetary gear support shaft 44, planetary gears 45, 4 provided on one side of
6, an irreversible mechanism 51 provided between the planetary gears 45 and 46,
It comprises sun gears 47 and 48 on the central axis, an input shaft 49 connected to the sun gear 47, and an output shaft 50 connected to the sun gear 48. The second unit of the booster mechanism shares the center shaft 41, the gear box 42, and the ring gear 43 with the first unit, and a planetary gear support provided on the gear box 2 so as to be located on the opposite side to the first unit. Shaft 44 ', planetary gear 4
5 ', 46', an irreversible mechanism 51 'provided between the planetary gears 45', 46 ', and sun gears 47', 4 on the central axis.
8 ′, an input shaft 49 ′ connected to the sun gear 47 ′,
And an output shaft 50 'connected to the sun gear 48'. The input shaft 49 'penetrates the inner diameter of the input shaft 49 and connects the bevel gear 56' and the sun gear 47 ', and the output shaft 50' penetrates the inner diameter of the output shaft 50 and the sun gear 48 '.
And the bevel gear 57 '. The irreversible mechanism 51 inputs the planetary gear 45 Formic
And Ya, the planetary gear support shaft 51b, the planetary gear 51c, 51
d, and sun gears 51e and 51f, the non-reciprocal mechanism 51 'uses the planetary gear 45' as an input gear, and the planetary gear support shaft 51'b, the planetary gears 51'c and 51'd, and the sun gear 51 '. 'e, 51'f Tona Ri both non-reversible mechanism 51,5
1 'is configured similarly to the irreversible mechanism 31 of the first embodiment and is decelerated.
The number of teeth of the sun gear and the planetary gear is set so that the ratio becomes 5.
Adjusted and configured . The output series is a bevel gear 5 connected to the output shaft 50.
7, bevel gear 57 'connected to output shaft 50', double bevel gear 5
The bevel gear 58 meshes with the gears 7 and 57 ′, a worm gear device 59 connected to the bevel gear 58, and an output gear 60. The bosses of the bevel gears 57 and 57 'are provided with a clutch for limiting the transmission of the driving force to one direction, and the output shaft 50 and the bevel gear 57 and the output shaft 50' and the bevel gear 57 'are both provided. The clutch is connected via a clutch so that the driving force is transmitted from the output shaft to the bevel gear only in one direction. Although the present embodiment is constructed as described above, its operation will be described as follows. The driving force transmitted from the power source is transmitted via the drive gear 52 and the ring gear 43 to continuously rotate the gear box 42 in a certain direction, thereby causing the planetary gear 4 to rotate.
5, 46, the components of the irreversible mechanism 51 and the components of the planetary gears 45 ', 46' revolve around the sun, but the sun gears 47, 47 'are driven by the rotation of the gearbox. I do not. The operation input transmitted by the rotation of the input crank 53 includes a worm gear device 54, a bevel gear 55, a bevel gear 5
6, 56 ', transmitted through the input shafts 49, 49' to rotate the sun gears 47, 47 'in mutually opposite directions. Therefore, when the sun gear 47 rotates in the same direction as the gear box 42, the sun gear 47 'rotates in the opposite direction to the rotation of the gear box. In this case, the first booster mechanism is used.
The unit functions to perform a boosting action, and the second unit does not perform a boosting action. On the contrary, when the sun gear 47 rotates in the opposite direction to the gear box 42, the sun gear 47 '
Since the rotation directions of the gearbox 42 and the gearbox 42 are the same, the second unit of the booster mechanism functions to perform a boosting action, and the first unit does not perform the boosting action. Therefore, even if the input crank 53 rotates in either of the left and right directions, either one of the boosting mechanisms works, and the rotation in both the left and right directions works the boosting function. The rotations in the opposite directions are transmitted to both sun gears 48 and 48 ′. Among the rotations transmitted to both sun gears, the driving force of the rotation transmitted to one sun gear is expanded and transmitted, and the other sun gear is transmitted. The rotation driving force transmitted to the motor is transmitted without being expanded. The rotation transmitted to both is output shaft 5
The rotation in the opposite direction is transmitted to the bevel gears 57 and 57 'through 0 and 50', and is transmitted to the bevel gear 58 as the same direction of rotation. 58 to drive the worm gear device 59
The enlarged output is transmitted to the output gear 60 via. In this embodiment, even if the operation input is in either the right or left direction, the rotation by the operation input is transmitted to both units of the booster mechanism. Therefore, the rotation transmitted to the unit in which the boosting function does not work is transmitted. Drive force transmitted by the bevel gears 57, 57 '
The transmission of the driving force is limited to only the output series connected to the unit having the boosting function by the function of the clutch provided in the above, so that the transmission of the rotation in the non-boosting series does not hinder the boosting function. Since the clutch provided between the output shaft and the bevel gear is configured such that the claw on the drive side contacts the driven side only on one side and does not contact the driven side on the opposite side, a driving force is generated. Can be limited to one direction. Third Embodiment FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a third embodiment. In this embodiment, two booster mechanisms are provided in parallel, the gearboxes 62 and 62 'are configured to rotate in opposite directions, and the booster function is configured to operate in both left and right rotations of the operation input. Power device. The input system includes an input crank 73, a worm gear device 74, a ground gear 75, an input gear 76,
76 '. The first unit of the booster mechanism includes a center shaft 61, a gear box 62, a ring gear 63, and a planetary gear support shaft 6.
4, planetary gears 65 and 66, sun gears 67 and 68, input shaft 69, output shaft 70, and input shaft 69 and sun gear 67
And a non-reversible mechanism 71 provided therebetween. The irreversible mechanism 71 in this embodiment is on the central axis, and is provided with an arm 71a fixed to the input shaft 69, a planetary gear support shaft 71b supported by the arm 71a, and a planetary gear fixed to the planetary gear 71b. 71c, 71d, which are on the central axis and fixed to the gear box 62,
And meshing the sun gear 71e, and, located on the center axis be linked with the sun gear 67 is composed of the sun gear 71f of the planetary gear 71d meshes with the input shaft 69 and the sun gear 71f
Adjust the number of gear teeth so that the reduction ratio between them is 5 or more
This is an irreversible mechanism including a speed reduction mechanism configured as described above. The second unit of the booster mechanism is constructed similarly to the above-mentioned unit, and includes a gear box 62 ', a ring gear 63', a planetary gear support shaft 64 ', and planetary gears 65', 6 '.
6 ', a sun gear 67', 68 ', an input shaft 69', an output shaft 70 ', and an irreversible mechanism 71'.
The irreversible mechanism 71 'includes an input arm 71'a, a planetary gear support shaft 71'b, planetary gears 71'c and 71'd, and
It is composed of sun gears 71'e, 71'f. The output system is composed of output gears 77, 77 'connected to output shafts 70, 70', a pinion gear 78 meshing with both gears, a worm gear device 79, and an output gear 80. The output gears 77 and 77 '
The boss portion is provided with a clutch for limiting transmission of driving force to one direction. The present embodiment is constituted as described above. The operation will be described as follows. The gearboxes 62, 62 'are arranged in parallel, and ring gears 63, 63' fixedly provided on the outer periphery of the gearboxes 62, 62 'are meshed with each other. , The ring gear 63 is rotated, and the rotation of the ring gear 63 rotates the ring gear 63 ′ in the opposite direction. For this reason, the gear boxes 62 and 62 'respectively linked to the ring gears 63 and 63' rotate in mutually opposite directions. On the other hand, the operation input by the rotation of the input crank 73 is transmitted via the worm gear device 74 to the ground gear 75.
To rotate the input gears 76 and 76 'in the same direction and the input shafts 69 and 69' in the same direction. As a result, when the rotation direction of the input shaft 69 and the rotation direction of the gear box 62 are the same, the input shaft 69 ′ and the gear box 62 ′ rotate in opposite directions, so that the first unit of the booster mechanism performs a boosting action, If the rotation directions of the gear 69 and the gear box 62 are opposite, the input shaft 69 'and the gear box 62' rotate in the same direction, so that the second unit of the booster mechanism performs a boosting action. Therefore, even if the operation input is rotation in either the left or right direction, one of the two units of the booster mechanism functions and the booster function operates. The expanded output is output gear 77 or 7
The power is transmitted to the pinion gear 78 via one of the gears 7 ′ and to the output gear 80 via the worm gear device 79. The present invention is configured as described above, and has the following effects. (1) Although the power system and the operation input system mechanically intersect, when the operation input system is stopped, there is almost no energy loss to the power source because they are in a neutral relationship with each other. Since the energy of the power source is used only at certain times, the loss is smaller than that of the hydraulic system. (2) Work is easy because the structure is relatively simple.
There are advantages such as low production cost and easy weight reduction. (3) Even when the power source stops and there is no power transmission to the power system, the input transmission of the operation input system is not hindered. Therefore, when the booster according to the present invention is used for power steering of an automobile, the steering operation can be performed only by manual input even when the engine is stopped. (4) A large output can be output.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a basic configuration of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing the first embodiment. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a second embodiment. FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing a third embodiment. [Description of Signs] 1, 21, 41, 61, 61 'Center Shaft 2, 22, 42, 62, 62' Gear Box (Carrier) 3, 23, 43, 63, 63 'Ring Gear 4, 24, 44, 44 ', 64, 64' planetary gear support shafts 5, 25, 45, 45 ', 65, 65' planetary gears 6, 26, 46, 46 ', 66, 66' planetary gears 7, 27, 47, 47 ', 67 , 67 ′ Sun gear (drive side) 8, 28, 48, 48 ′, 68, 68 ′ Sun gear (driven side) 9, 29, 49, 49 ′, 69, 69 ′ Input shaft (sun gear shaft) 10, 30, 50, 50 ', 70, 70' Output shaft (sun gear shaft) 11, 31, 51, 51'71, 71 'Non-reversible mechanism 31b, 31c, 31d, 31e, 31f Component 51b of non-reversible mechanism 31 , 51c, 51d, 51e, 51f Components 51'b, 5 'c, 51'd, 51'e, 51'f The components 71a, 71b, 71c, 71d, 71e, 71f of the irreversible mechanism 51' The components 71'a, 71'b, 71 'of the irreversible mechanism 71 c, 71'd, 71'e,
71′f Components of irreversible mechanism 71 ′ 12, 32, 52, 72 Drive gears 13, 33, 53, 73 Input cranks 34, 54, 74 Worm gear device (input portion) 35, 75 Ground gears 36, 76, 76 'Input gear 77, 77' Output gear 55, 56, 56 'Bevel gear (input part) 57, 57', 58 Bevel gear (output part) 37, 59, 79 Worm gear device (output part) 14, 38, 60, 80 output gear

Claims (1)

(57) [Claim 1] An irreversible mechanism is incorporated in a driving force transmission path between the two sun gear shafts of the differential gear device so as to interlock with the carrier, and the rotation between the two sun gears is controlled. The transmission is performed only in one direction, and the gear ratio between the sun gear shaft on the driving side and the sun gear shaft on the driven side is 1 including the irreversible mechanism in the same rotation direction. It is composed of a complex differential gear device in which the number of gears is set, the carrier is used as an input element of an auxiliary input from a power source, the driving sun gear shaft is used as an input shaft of an operation input, and A booster that uses the sun gear shaft as the output shaft for enlarged output.