JP3519803B2 - Coke production method by rapid heating of coal - Google Patents
Coke production method by rapid heating of coalInfo
- Publication number
- JP3519803B2 JP3519803B2 JP26670094A JP26670094A JP3519803B2 JP 3519803 B2 JP3519803 B2 JP 3519803B2 JP 26670094 A JP26670094 A JP 26670094A JP 26670094 A JP26670094 A JP 26670094A JP 3519803 B2 JP3519803 B2 JP 3519803B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- coal
- temperature
- heating
- needle
- coke
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Landscapes
- Coke Industry (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
【0001】
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は軟化・溶融性が充分でな
い劣質炭を改質して多量に使用するコークス製造方法に
関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】従来、室炉で劣質炭を多量に配合して、
コークスを製造するには、粘結性がないため、通常の配
合炭には、5%以上配合することはできない。そのため
5%以上配合するには、粘結補填剤を添加したり、粘結
性の高い石炭の配合割合を増加させるしかない。このた
めに経済的にも資源的にも高価なものとなっている。
【0003】そこで、劣質炭を多量に使用できる技術と
して、成形コークス製造技術があるが、この方法は、バ
インダーを使用して石炭を成形する。このことによって
石炭粒子間の距離を短くし、石炭を成形することによっ
て、少ない粘結性でコークスを製造しようとするもので
ある。しかしながら、高価なバインダーを使用しなけれ
ばいけないこと、室式コークス炉での乾留が難しいなど
の困難がある。また石炭を急速に加熱して、コークスを
製造する方法では、予熱炭装入技術がある(例えば、炭
素材料入門:炭素材料学会、昭和59年、P.12
3)。しかし、この方法は、石炭の乾燥が目的であり、
最高250℃までの加熱である。さらに、石炭を高温ま
で、急速に加熱する方法は、何れもガスを多量に得よう
とする石炭熱分解法であり(例えば、特開平6−179
871号公報)、コークスを製造する方法ではない。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明はこのような従
来技術の現状に鑑み、バインダーを使用せずに劣質炭を
改質し、室式コークス炉で劣質炭を多量に使用してコー
クスを製造しようとするものである。
【0005】本発明は、反射率0.9以下の劣質炭を3
0wt%以上80wt%以下を含む石炭を急速に加熱し
た後、乾留してコークスを製造する方法において、流動
層中で前記石炭を加熱上限温度である石炭の軟化開始温
度より5〜10℃低い温度まで90℃/分以上、500
℃/分以下の昇温速度で加熱した後、室式コークス炉で
乾留することを特徴とする石炭急速加熱によるコークス
製造方法である。
【0006】
【作用】反射率0.9超の石炭は粘結炭となるため、本
発明は反射率0.9以下の石炭を対象にする。反射率
0.9以下の劣質炭を急速に加熱することにより、石炭
の粘結性を引き出すことができるため、劣質炭を多量に
室式コークス炉で使用することができる。ここで反射率
0.9以下の劣質炭を30wt%以上80wt%以下を
含み、他が粘結炭である石炭としたのは、前記劣質炭が
30wt%未満では急速加熱しなくてもコークス化でき
るためであり、前記劣質炭が80wt%超では急速加熱
してもコークス化できないためである。ここで劣質炭以
外の石炭は粘結炭である。本発明は400℃付近まで加
熱した石炭を室式コークス炉に装入するため、従来の室
式コークス炉での乾留時間を大幅に短縮できるので、生
産性も向上する。
【0007】まず急速加熱温度と昇温速度を調べるた
め、針の進入から粘結性を測定できる装置を使って調べ
た。図1に示すように、石炭試料を試料台9に置き、荷
重を荷重コントロール部で決める。温度制御器で昇温速
度を設定して、石炭サンプルを昇温しながら、針8の進
入度を差動トランス3、4から測定する。この時、針に
は90grの荷重を掛けておき、石炭が加熱によって軟
化溶融を始めると針が石炭中に進入していく。この進入
量が多いと軟化性が良いことになる。
【0008】図2は500℃まで100℃/分、図3は
10℃/分の速度で昇温しながら、針の進入量を調べた
ものである。この両図では針の進入量の変化をは温
度変化を示す。図4は410℃まで、図5は420℃ま
で100℃/分の速度で昇温し、その後10℃/分で5
00℃まで昇温しながら、針の進入量を調べたものであ
る。図6及び図7は昇温速度をそれぞれ85℃/分、9
0℃/分で500℃まで加熱した時の針進入量()と
温度()の関係を示したものである。
【0009】図1に示すように加熱しながら針を進入さ
せ、粘度を測定できる装置で急速加熱による石炭(ウイ
ットバンク炭、反射率0.82)の粘結性向上効果を測
定した。500℃まで、100℃/分と10℃/分の加
熱速度で針の進入速度を調べたのが、図2及び図3であ
る。100℃/分の加熱速度で加熱すると針は深く進入
し、粘結性が発現したことが判る。この時、図2で針が
緩やかに進入する勾配と針が急激に進入する勾配の交点
の温度を軟化開始温度と定義した。この時の軟化開始温
度は428℃である。10℃/分の加熱速度では針は充
分進入しない。すなわち粘結性の向上は見られない。し
かし、500℃まで急速加熱した石炭を乾留炉に入れる
には、既に軟化溶融しているのでハンドリング性が悪く
乾留炉への装入は難しい、例え装入できたとしても、乾
留炉内で粘結性を発現することは困難である。
【0010】そこで、何度まで急速加熱したら粘結性の
向上が見られるか調べた。その結果410℃では、粘結
性の向上は見られなかったが(図4)、420℃まで急
速加熱すると粘結性の向上は見られた(図5)。100
℃/分の加熱速度の場合の軟化開始温度は428℃であ
る。そこで、410℃(軟化開始温度より18℃低い)
までと420℃(軟化開始温度より8℃低い)までの急
速加熱以外に温度を変化させて検討した結果、軟化開始
温度より5〜10℃低い温度まで加熱することが必要な
ことが判った。
【0011】炭種の影響を調べるため、反射率1.0以
下の劣質炭を同様に検討した結果、何れも軟化開始温度
より5〜10℃以下の低い温度まで急速加熱すれば、粘
結性の向上が見られた。ここで軟化開始温度より10℃
超低い場合は、十分な粘結性が得られず、軟化開始温度
より5℃未満低い場合では軟化が進みすぎ室式コークス
炉内で乾留する際に必要な粘結性が得られないため好ま
しくない。昇温速度を調べるため、85℃/分の結果
(図6)、90℃/分の結果(図7)を示す。この結果
から石炭を改質する昇温速度としては90℃/分以上の
昇温速度が必要なことが判った。昇温速度は500℃/
分超になると表1に示すようにコークス強度が低くなり
好ましくない。したがって、昇温速度は90℃/分以上
500℃/分以下が好ましい。
【0012】
【実施例】劣質炭であるウイットバンク炭(図1に示す
ように加熱しながら針を進入させる装置で測定した軟化
開始温度は図2に示すように428℃であった。)50
wt%と粘結炭であるグニエラ炭を50wt%を420
℃まで加熱速度80℃/分から600℃/分の範囲で流
動層中で加熱し、その後、1000℃まで室炉で乾留し
てコークスを製造した。得られたコークスの強度を表1
に示す。この結果、420℃まで90℃/分以上の昇温
速度の場合にコークス強度75(DI150 10)以上で良
好であった。
【0013】
【表1】
【0014】以上説明してきたように、石炭を急速に加
熱することにより、粘結性の向上が図られ、このことに
より、室式コークス炉での一般炭の多量使用が可能とな
り、さらに乾留時間の短縮による生産性の向上が図られ
るという極めて優れた効果を奏するものである。Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for producing coke in which inferior coal having insufficient softening and melting properties is reformed and used in a large amount. [0002] Conventionally, a large amount of inferior coal is blended in a furnace,
In order to produce coke, there is no caking property, so that 5% or more cannot be blended with ordinary coal blends. Therefore, in order to mix 5% or more, there is no other way but to add a caking filler or to increase the mixing ratio of coal having high caking properties. For this reason, it is expensive economically and resource-wise. [0003] Therefore, there is a technique for producing molded coke as a technique that can use a large amount of inferior coal. In this method, coal is molded using a binder. Thus, the distance between the coal particles is shortened, and the coke is formed with a reduced caking property by molding the coal. However, there are difficulties such as the need to use expensive binders and the difficulty of dry distillation in a room coke oven. In a method of rapidly heating coal to produce coke, there is a preheating coal charging technique (for example, Introduction to Carbon Materials: Carbon Materials Society of Japan, 1984, p.12).
3). However, this method is aimed at drying the coal,
Heating up to 250 ° C. Further, any of the methods for rapidly heating coal to a high temperature is a coal pyrolysis method for obtaining a large amount of gas (for example, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. Hei 6-179).
871), which is not a method for producing coke. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above-mentioned state of the prior art, the present invention reforms inferior coal without using a binder and uses a large amount of inferior coal in a room coke oven. To produce coke. According to the present invention, three types of inferior coal having a reflectance of 0.9 or less are used.
After rapidly heating the coal containing less 0 wt% or more 80 wt%, a process for producing coke by the dry distillation, flow
In the layer, the coal is heated at a temperature of at least 90 ° C./min to a temperature 5 to 10 ° C. lower than the softening start temperature of the coal, which is the upper limit temperature of heating ,
° C. / min after heating by the following heating rate, a coking process according coal rapid heating, characterized by dry distillation at room formula coke oven. Since coal having a reflectance of more than 0.9 is caking coal, the present invention is directed to coal having a reflectance of 0.9 or less. By rapidly heating the inferior coal having a reflectance of 0.9 or less, the caking properties of the coal can be brought out, so that a large amount of the inferior coal can be used in a room coke oven. In this case, the coal containing 30 wt% or more and 80 wt% or less of the inferior coal having a reflectance of 0.9 or less, and the other coal is caking coal is that if the inferior coal is less than 30 wt%, the coke is formed without rapid heating. If the inferior coal exceeds 80 wt%, coking cannot be performed even by rapid heating. Here, coal other than inferior coal is caking coal. In the present invention, coal heated to around 400 ° C. is charged into a room coke oven, so that the carbonization time in a conventional room coke oven can be greatly reduced, and thus productivity is improved. [0007] First, in order to examine the rapid heating temperature and the rate of temperature rise, an examination was made using an apparatus capable of measuring caking properties from the entry of a needle. As shown in FIG. 1, a coal sample is placed on a sample table 9 and the load is determined by a load control unit. The temperature of the coal sample is measured while the temperature of the coal sample is increased by setting the rate of temperature increase by the temperature controller. At this time, a 90 gr load is applied to the needle, and when the coal starts softening and melting by heating, the needle enters the coal. The larger the amount of penetration, the better the softening property. FIG. 2 shows the amount of the needle entering while the temperature is raised to 500 ° C. at a rate of 100 ° C./min, and FIG. In both figures, a change in the amount of needle entry indicates a temperature change. FIG. 4 raises the temperature to 410 ° C. and FIG. 5 raises the temperature to 420 ° C. at a rate of 100 ° C./min.
While the temperature was raised to 00 ° C., the penetration amount of the needle was examined. 6 and 7 show that the heating rate was 85 ° C./min and 9
It shows the relationship between the amount of needle penetration () and the temperature () when heating to 500 ° C. at 0 ° C./min. As shown in FIG. 1, the needle was advanced while heating, and the effect of improving the cohesion of coal (Witbank coal, reflectance 0.82) by rapid heating was measured using a device capable of measuring the viscosity. FIGS. 2 and 3 show the penetration speed of the needle at a heating rate of 100 ° C./min and 10 ° C./min up to 500 ° C. It can be seen that when heated at a heating rate of 100 ° C./min, the needle penetrates deeply and the caking property has developed. At this time, in FIG. 2, the temperature at the intersection of the gradient at which the needle enters gently and the gradient at which the needle rapidly enters is defined as the softening start temperature. The softening start temperature at this time is 428 ° C. At a heating rate of 10 ° C./min, the needle does not enter sufficiently. That is, no improvement in caking property is observed. However, in order to put the coal rapidly heated to 500 ° C into the carbonization furnace, it is difficult to load it into the carbonization furnace because it has already been softened and melted, making it difficult to handle. It is difficult to develop sclerosis. Therefore, it was examined how many times the rapid heating could improve the caking property. As a result, at 410 ° C., no improvement in the caking property was observed (FIG. 4), but when rapidly heated to 420 ° C., an improvement in the caking property was observed (FIG. 5). 100
The softening start temperature at a heating rate of ° C./min is 428 ° C. Therefore, 410 ° C. (18 ° C. lower than the softening start temperature)
As a result of studying by changing the temperature in addition to the rapid heating up to 420 ° C. (8 ° C. lower than the softening start temperature), it was found that it was necessary to heat to a temperature 5 to 10 ° C. lower than the softening start temperature. [0011] In order to investigate the effect of the type of coal, inferior coal having a reflectance of 1.0 or less was examined in the same manner. Improvement was seen. Here, 10 ° C from the softening start temperature
When the temperature is extremely low, sufficient caking property cannot be obtained, and when the temperature is lower than the softening start temperature by less than 5 ° C., the softening proceeds too much, and the caking property required for dry distillation in a chamber-type coke oven is not obtained. Absent. The results of 85 ° C./min (FIG. 6) and the results of 90 ° C./min (FIG. 7) are shown for examining the rate of temperature rise. From this result, it was found that a heating rate of 90 ° C./min or more was required as a heating rate for reforming coal. The heating rate is 500 ° C /
Exceeding the value is undesirable because the coke strength is lowered as shown in Table 1. Therefore, the heating rate is preferably from 90 ° C./min to 500 ° C./min. Example 1 Witbank coal, which is a poor quality coal (the softening start temperature measured by an apparatus for inserting a needle while heating as shown in FIG. 1 was 428 ° C. as shown in FIG. 2) 50
420 wt% and 50 wt% of Gunniera charcoal which is caking coal
C. in a fluidized bed at a heating rate of 80.degree. C./min to 600.degree. C./min. Table 1 shows the strength of the obtained coke.
Shown in As a result, when the temperature was raised to 420 ° C. at a rate of 90 ° C./min or more, the coke strength was good at a coke strength of 75 (DI 150 10 ) or more. [Table 1] As described above, by rapidly heating the coal, the cohesion is improved, and this allows a large amount of steam coal to be used in a room coke oven, and furthermore, the carbonization time This is an extremely excellent effect that the productivity can be improved by shortening the length.
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】針の進入型粘度測定装置を示す図、
【図2】500℃まで100℃/分で昇温した場合の針
の進入を示す図、
【図3】500℃まで10℃/分で昇温した場合の針の
進入を示す図、
【図4】410℃まで100℃/分で昇温し、その後5
00℃まで10℃/分で昇温した場合の針の進入を示す
図、
【図5】420℃まで100℃/分で昇温し、その後5
00℃まで10℃/分で昇温した場合の針の進入を示す
図、
【図6】500℃まで85℃/分で昇温した場合の針の
進入を示す図、
【図7】500℃まで90℃/分で昇温した場合の針の
進入を示す図である。
【符号の説明】
1 スプリング
2 永久磁石
3 差動トランス(コイル)
4 差動トランス(コア)
5 マノメーター
6 電気炉
7 熱電対
8 針
9 試料BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a needle entry type viscometer, FIG. 2 is a diagram showing needle entry when the temperature is raised to 500 ° C. at 100 ° C./min. FIG. 4 shows the penetration of the needle when the temperature is raised to 500 ° C. at 10 ° C./min.
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the penetration of a needle when the temperature is increased to 00 ° C. at a rate of 10 ° C./min.
FIG. 6 shows the entry of the needle when the temperature is increased to 00 ° C. at 10 ° C./min. FIG. 6 shows the entry of the needle when the temperature is increased to 500 ° C. at 85 ° C./min. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the entry of a needle when the temperature is increased at 90 ° C./min. [Description of Signs] 1 Spring 2 Permanent magnet 3 Differential transformer (coil) 4 Differential transformer (core) 5 Manometer 6 Electric furnace 7 Thermocouple 8 Needle 9 Sample
フロントページの続き (72)発明者 桜井 義久 千葉県富津市新富20−1 新日本製鐵株 式会社 技術開発本部内 (56)参考文献 特開 平7−166166(JP,A) 特開 昭58−122982(JP,A) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7,DB名) C10B 57/10 C10B 53/08 Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Yoshihisa Sakurai 20-1 Shintomi, Futtsu-shi, Chiba Nippon Steel Corporation Technology Development Division (56) References JP-A-7-166166 (JP, A) JP-A Sho58 -122982 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. 7 , DB name) C10B 57/10 C10B 53/08
Claims (1)
以上80wt%以下を含む石炭を急速に加熱した後、乾
留してコークスを製造する方法において、流動層中で前
記石炭を加熱上限温度である石炭の軟化開始温度より5
〜10℃低い温度まで90℃/分以上、500℃/分以
下の昇温速度で加熱した後、室式コークス炉で乾留する
ことを特徴とする石炭急速加熱によるコークス製造方
法。(57) [Claims 1] 30 wt% of inferior coal having a reflectance of 0.9 or less.
In a method for producing coke by rapidly heating a coal containing at least 80 wt% and then carbonizing the coal, the coal is heated in a fluidized bed by 5% from the coal softening start temperature which is the upper limit temperature of the coal.
A method for producing coke by rapid heating of coal, comprising heating to a temperature lower than -10 ° C at a heating rate of 90 ° C / min or more and 500 ° C / min or less, followed by dry distillation in a room coke oven.
Priority Applications (1)
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JP26670094A JP3519803B2 (en) | 1994-10-31 | 1994-10-31 | Coke production method by rapid heating of coal |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP26670094A JP3519803B2 (en) | 1994-10-31 | 1994-10-31 | Coke production method by rapid heating of coal |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH08127779A JPH08127779A (en) | 1996-05-21 |
JP3519803B2 true JP3519803B2 (en) | 2004-04-19 |
Family
ID=17434473
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JP26670094A Expired - Fee Related JP3519803B2 (en) | 1994-10-31 | 1994-10-31 | Coke production method by rapid heating of coal |
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JP (1) | JP3519803B2 (en) |
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JP4274880B2 (en) | 2003-09-11 | 2009-06-10 | 社団法人日本鉄鋼連盟 | Reforming and pretreatment methods for coking coal for blast furnace coke production |
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1994
- 1994-10-31 JP JP26670094A patent/JP3519803B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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JPH08127779A (en) | 1996-05-21 |
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