JP3518100B2 - Fixing mechanism of articles by cam mechanism - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a mechanism for fixing articles by a cam mechanism. For example, in equipment mounted on a moving object such as a rocket, a cam is rotated by a motor, a clamper is attached to a cam follower that makes a predetermined reciprocating motion along the cam surface, and an article mounted on the equipment by this clamper is
Often, it is removably secured in place on the housing of the device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 6 shows a conventional article fixing mechanism using a cam mechanism as described above. In FIG. 6, reference numeral 6 denotes a housing in which the lower surface of the outer periphery of the intermediate portion is attached to the stage 5. The lower portion of the housing 6 has a cylindrical shape, and the cylindrical portion projects into the hole of the stage 5.

A fixing seat 6A for supporting the bottom surface of the fixed object 1 is provided on the upper portion of the housing 6. In addition, the upper portion of the housing 6 in which the fixing seat 6A is provided is not a cylindrical shape, but a pedestal is vertically provided at three positions which are axially symmetric with respect to the axis Z, and the upper end surface of the pedestal is fixed to the fixing seat 6A. As a result, the weight of the housing 6 is reduced.

After the object 1 to be fixed is mounted on the fixing seat 6A of the housing 6 by positioning, the claws of the clamper 20 to be described later are provided.
At 21, the fixed object 1 is detachably fixed to the housing 6 by pressing the upper surface of the collar 1A of the fixed object 1.

Reference numeral 10 is a cam (plate cam) having a cam surface 12 formed on the basis of the basic circle 10A as shown in detail in FIG. The cam 10 has a maximum displacement point 11 at each of three divided positions.

The cam 10 has a circular hole at the axial center thereof, and the circular hole is rotatably mounted on the housing 6 by inserting the circular hole into the outer periphery of the lower portion of the housing 6 and mounting it through a bearing.
A gear 72 is attached to the lower end surface of the cam 10. On the other hand, a motor (for example, a stepping motor) 70 that rotates normally and reversely is attached to the stage 5, a pinion gear 71 is attached to a shaft of the motor 70, and the pinion gear 71 and the gear 72 are meshed with each other.

Therefore, the cam 10 is rotated about the axis Z of the housing 6 by driving the motor 70. 20
Is a clamper mounted on the outer side of each pedestal of the housing 6 so as to rotate about a pin 25 of the housing 6 parallel to the rotation surface of the cam 10 in a plane surface including the axis Z. Is.

A cylindrical cam follower (for example, a ball bearing) 15 which is provided with a claw 21 at the upper end of the clamper 20 and contacts the cam surface 12 of the cam 10 at the base 22 of the clamper 20.
I am wearing.

A tension coil spring 28 is provided, one end of which is attached to the housing 6 and the other end of which is attached near the upper end of the clamper 20,
The elastic force of this tension coil spring 28 constantly causes the cam follower to
15 is pressed against the cam surface 12.

Therefore, when the motor 70 is rotated in the forward direction and the cam 10 is rotated in the direction opposite to the maximum displacement point 11, that is, in the direction of the dotted arrow B shown in FIG. 7, the cam follower 15 has the axis Z.
Move away from. This allows the clamper 20
The upper tip portion of the upper part rotates in the direction of the fixing seat 6A of the housing 6 against the elastic force of the tension coil spring 28, and the pawl 21 causes the collar 1 of the object 1 to be fixed.
The fixed object 1 is fixed to the housing 6 by pressing the upper end surface (locking surface) of 1A.

When the motor 70 is rotated in the opposite direction and the cam 10 is rotated in the direction of the maximum displacement point 11, that is, in the direction of the solid arrow A shown in FIG. 7, the elastic force of the tension coil spring 28 causes the cam follower 15 to move.
Moves toward the axis Z. As a result, the upper end of the clamper 20 rotates in the direction opposite to the fixing seat 6A of the housing 6, the pawl 21 moves away from the locking surface of the fixed object 1, and the fixed object 1 is released.

[0012]

As described above, in the conventional article fixing mechanism using the cam mechanism, the claw is separated from the object to be fixed by the elastic force of the tension coil spring.

However, when the moving body carrying the device on which the fixed object is mounted is started in a state where the fixed object is fixed to the housing, vibration is applied to the device. As a result, there is a problem in that the claw is liable to be caught on the locking surface of the fixed object and the fixing cannot be released by the elastic force of the tension coil spring.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a fixing mechanism for an article by a cam mechanism that does not hinder the fixation / release of the fixed object even when vibration is applied to the device. Has an aim.

[0015]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention, as illustrated in FIG. 1, includes a clamper 20 mounted rotatably around a pin 25 fixed to a housing 6.
And a cam 10 that rotates about a shaft Z of the housing 6 with a plane perpendicular to the plane of rotation of the clamper 20 as a plane of rotation, and a cam follower mounted on the base 22 of the clamper 20 so as to contact the cam surface 12 of the cam 10. When the cam 10 rotates forward and backward, the clamper 20 rotates, and the claw 21 at the tip of the clamper 20 fixes and releases the fixed object 1 placed on the housing. In the fixing mechanism, the columnar body 32 provided at the bent portion
However, a lever 30 having a substantially V-shape whose one end is pivotally supported by the housing 6 and a tip end of which is the lever 30 so as to contact the surface of the cam follower 15 opposite to the contact point between the cam surface 12 and the cam follower 15. And a hook 50 mounted on the cam 10 so as to be engageable and disengageable.

When the cam 10 is rotated in the reverse direction, the lever 30 engages with the tip of the hook 50 and swings around the pin 45, and the columnar body 32 pushes the cam follower 15 to move it to the cam 10 side. And

As shown in FIG. 5, a plurality of clampers 20 are equally arranged, and hooks 50 corresponding to the respective clampers 20 are provided. The hooks 50 are attached to the cam 10 so that there is a time lag when each hook 50 engages with the corresponding clamper 20.

As shown in FIG. 2, the elastic plate 24 is attached to the claw 21 of the clamper 20. Alternatively, hook 50
However, when the cam 10 rotates in the reverse direction, the tip 53 engages with the tip 33 of the lever 30, and when the cam 10 rotates in the forward direction, the tip 53 moves the tip of the lever 30.
It shall be a ratchet mechanism that does not engage 33.

Because of the above-mentioned configuration, the cam 10
When is rotated in the reverse direction, the lever 30 swings to press the cam follower 15 against the cam surface 12. Therefore, that is, since the clamper 20 is forcibly swung in the releasing direction, even if the claw 21 of the clamper 20 bites into the surface of the fixed object 1, the claw 21 separates from the fixed object 1.

One in which the clamper 20 is divided into equal parts so that there is a time lag when each hook 50 is engaged with the corresponding lever 30 is the fixed object 1.
The torque applied to the clamper 20 in order to release the fixed state is equal to the torque for rotating one clamper 20.
As a result, the motor that drives the cam 10 can be downsized.

When the elastic plate 24 is attached to the claw 21, not only is it less likely to cause galling between the claw 21 and the fixed object 1, but also the cam surface with which the cam followers 15 of the cam 10 come into contact. Even if there are variations in 12, the fixed object 1 can be reliably fixed.

When the hook 50 reversely rotates the cam 10, the tip 53
Engages with the tip 33 of the lever 30 and the tip 53 does not engage with the tip 33 of the lever 30 when the cam 10 is normally rotated, so that the tip of the hook 50 engages with the tip of the lever 30. The operation of releasing can be repeated.

[0023]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The same reference numerals denote the same objects throughout the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a side view of an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.
Is a detailed view of the clamper, FIG. 3 is a plan view of the embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 4 is a view showing the essential points of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a plan view of the second embodiment.

As shown in the figure, the housing 6 has a cylindrical lower portion, and the lower surface of the outer periphery of the intermediate portion is attached to the stage 5 with the cylindrical portion protruding into the hole of the stage 5. On the upper part of the housing 6, there is an axis symmetry 3 with respect to the axis Z.
A pedestal body is vertically provided at each position, and an upper end surface of each pedestal body serves as a fixed seat 6A that supports a bottom surface of the fixed object 1.

After the fixed object 1 is placed on the fixing seat 6A of the housing 6 and the fixed object 1 is placed thereon, the claws of the clamper 20 to be described later
At 21, the fixed object 1 is detachably fixed to the housing 6 by pressing the upper surface of the collar 1A of the fixed object 1.

As shown in detail in FIG. 5, the cam 10 is a cam (plate cam) having a cam surface 12 formed on the basis of the basic circle 10A. The cam 10 has a maximum displacement point 11 at each of three divided positions.

The cam 10 has a circular hole in its axial center portion, and the circular hole is fitted into the lower outer periphery of the housing 6 and mounted through a bearing so as to be rotatably mounted in the housing 6. As shown in FIG. 7, a motor (for example, a stepping motor) 70 mounted on the stage 5 and rotating in the forward and reverse directions is used.
The pinion gear 71 is attached to the shaft of the shaft 10, the pinion gear 71 is meshed with the gear 72 attached to the lower end surface of the cam 10, and the motor 70 is driven, whereby the axis Z of the housing 6 is reduced.
The cam 10 is caused to perform a predetermined forward / reverse rotation around the center.

As shown in FIG. 1, the reference numeral 20 designates an axis Z with the pin 25 of the housing 6 parallel to the rotation surface of the cam 10 as an axis.
The clamper is attached to the outside of each pedestal of the housing 6 so as to rotate in a plane surface including the clamp.

As shown in FIG. 2, the clamper 20 is provided with a claw 21 at the upper end thereof, and a base 22 of the clamper 20 is provided with a cylindrical cam follower (for example, ball bearing) 15 which comes into contact with the cam surface 12 of the cam 10. I am wearing it.

An extension coil spring 28 is provided, one end of which is attached to the housing 6 and the other end of which is attached near the upper end of the clamper 20, and the elastic force of the extension coil spring 28 causes the cam follower 15 to be constantly pressed against the cam surface 12. is doing.

As shown in detail in FIG. 3, a mounting seat member 40 is attached to the housing 6 (or stage 5) portion opposite to the cam 10 with the cam follower 15 interposed therebetween. 30
Is a substantially V- shaped bend as shown in FIGS . 3 and 4 .
It is a lever with a bend . The lever 30 fits a hole provided in the base portion 31 into a pin 45 of a swing shaft vertically provided on the mounting seat member 40,
As the tip 33 protrudes to the rear surface of the cam 10, the pin of the pivot shaft 45
The housing 6 (or stage 5) can be swung about
Is attached to.

The columnar body 32 is attached to the bent portion of the lever 30,
The columnar body 32 contacts the surface of the cam follower 15 opposite to the contact point between the cam surface 12 and the cam follower 15. A torsion coil spring 38 is attached to the base 31 of the lever 30, one end of the torsion coil spring 38 is locked to the boss 41 of the attachment seat member 40, and the other end of the torsion coil spring 38 is formed into a columnar body. By locking it to the 32 side, the cam follower 15 of the lever 30
The lever 30 is urged so that the side surface on the side opposite to the abutment side contacts the stopper portion 6B of the housing 6.

The position where the stopper portion 6B is provided is selected in a predetermined manner, and the mounting posture of the lever 30 before actuation is such that the tip 33 is directed toward the center of the cam 10 as shown in FIG. 50
Indicates the tip when the cam 10 is rotated in the reverse direction (direction A in the figure)
Reference numeral 53 is a substantially triangular hook mounted on the back surface side of the cam 10 corresponding to each lever 30 so as to be engaged with the tip 33 of the lever 30. The hook 50 does not engage with the tip 33 of the lever 30 when the cam 10 is normally rotated by the ratchet mechanism, and the tip 53 is the tip of the lever 30 when the cam 10 is reversely rotated (the solid line A direction in the drawing). It is designed to engage 33.

More specifically, a hole is formed in the boss at the center of the hook 50, and the hole is fitted into the pin 52 hung on the back surface of the cam 10 to be mounted on the cam 10. The hook 50 is centered on the pin 52. So that it can rotate.

A hook stopper 55 is provided at a position on the back surface of the cam 10 which faces the tip 33 of the lever 30 with the pin 52 interposed therebetween.
The corner of the hook 50 on the side opposite to 53 is adapted to engage with the hook stopper 55. On the other hand, a torsion coil spring 58 is attached to the boss at the center of the hook 50, and the torsion coil spring 58 is normally biased so that the corner of the hook 50 is locked to the hook stopper 55.

Since the object 1 is mounted on the fixing seat 6A of the housing 6 as described above, the motor is rotated in the forward direction to move the cam 10 in the direction opposite to the maximum displacement point 11. That is, when rotating in the direction of the dotted arrow B shown in FIG. 3, the cam follower 15 moves in a direction away from the axis Z. As a result, the upper end of the clamper 20 rotates in the direction of the fixed seat 6A of the housing 6 against the elastic force of the tension coil spring 28, and the claw 21
Presses the upper end surface (locking surface) of the collar 1A of the fixed object 1 to fix the fixed object 1 to the housing 6.

When the cam 10 is rotated in the direction of the maximum displacement point 11, that is, in the direction of the solid arrow A shown in FIG. 3, by rotating the motor in the opposite direction, the clamper 20 moves in the direction in which the cam follower 15 approaches the axis Z.
The tension coil spring 28 rotates.

On the other hand, when the cam 10 rotates in the reverse direction and the hook 50 moves to a position facing the lever 30, the tip 53 of the hook 50 is moved.
Engages the tip 33 of the lever 30. At this time, since the cam 10 is provided with the hook stopper 55, the hook 50 does not rotate in the forward rotation direction of the cam 10.

Therefore, the lever 30 swings in the rotation direction of the cam 10 about the base 31 as an axis. When the lever 30 swings, the columnar body 32 presses the cam follower 15 and forcibly moves it toward the cam 10, and the cam follower 15 is pressed against the cam surface 12 of the cam 10.

The contact of the cam follower 15 with the cam surface 12 of the cam 10 means that the clamper 20 rotates in the direction in which the claw 21 moves away from the fixed object 1. As a result, even if the claw 21 of the clamper 20 bites into the surface of the fixed object 1, the claw 21
21 separates from the fixed object 1. Therefore, the fixation of the fixed object 1 is released.

Since the gear 72 attached to the cam 10 meshes with the pinion gear 71 attached to the shaft of the motor 70, the rotational torque of the cam 10 is large. Further, the tip 53 of the hook 50 pushes the tip 33 of the lever 30. And the lever
A columnar body 32 for pressing the cam follower 15 is provided on the position 30 near the base 22. Therefore, the lever 30 acts as a lever and pushes the cam follower 15 with a force larger than the force applied to the tip 33.

Therefore, even if the rotating torque of the motor 70 is small, the force for pulling the claw 21 away from the fixed object 1 is increased, and the fixed object 1 is reliably released from the fixed state. Further, as described above, when the hook 50 rotates the cam 10 in the reverse direction, the tip 53 is moved to the lever 30.
The ratchet mechanism engages the tip 33 of the lever 10 and rotates the cam 10 in the forward direction so that the tip 53 does not engage the tip 33 of the lever 30. In the case of normal rotation, the structure of the hook 50 is simpler and the occupied volume is smaller and smaller than the structure in which the hook is retracted in the axial direction.

Further, even if only one clamper 20 according to the present invention can fix and release the fixed object 1, by arranging the three clampers 20 equally as shown in the example,
There is an advantage that the equally-divided portions of the fixed object 1 can be fixed with a substantially equal force.

As illustrated in FIG. 2, the claw 21 of the clamper 20 is used.
Further, an elastic plate 24 such as a rubber piece or an elastic synthetic resin piece is attached. By providing the elastic plate 24 on the claw 21 as described above, not only the galling phenomenon does not easily occur between the claw 21 and the fixed object 1, but also the cam followers 15 of the cams 10 are prevented.
Fixed object 1
Can be securely fixed.

FIG. 5 shows an article fixing mechanism capable of reliably releasing the fixation of the object 1 to be fixed even if the rotational torque of the motor is small. The cam 10 shown in FIG. 5 has a cam surface 12 having a maximum displacement point 11 at three equally divided positions. The housing 6 is provided with a clamper at each of three equally arranged positions, and the cam follower is provided to each of the clampers.
I am wearing 15.

On the other hand, the hook 50 mounted on the back surface of the cam 10
Is not mounted at a position divided into three parts, but mounts the first hook 50 at a position that is delayed by an angle α ₁ from the straight line connecting the shaft center Z and the first lever 30. The second position is delayed by an angle α ₂ larger than α _{1 with} respect to the straight line connecting the second lever 30
The third hook 50 is mounted at a position delayed by an angle α ₃ larger than α ₂ from a straight line connecting the shaft center Z and the third lever 30.

Since the hooks 50 are mounted on the cam 10 in this manner, there is a time lag when each hook 50 engages with the corresponding clamper 20. Therefore, the maximum torque applied to the cam 10 to release the clamper 20 is
It becomes equal to the torque to release one clamper 20. Therefore, even if the rotation torque of the motor is small, the fixed object 1
Can be securely released.

[0049]

Since the present invention is constituted as described above, it has the following effects.

The cam mechanism is used to rotate the clamper, and the claws of the clamper fix the fixed object placed on the housing with the claws of the clamper. Even if the claws of the clamper bite into the surface of the fixed object, it is small. The object to be fixed can be reliably and securely fixed by force.

In the case where the ratchet mechanism is used as the hook, the structure of the hook is simple and the occupied volume is small.
Further, the operation of engaging and releasing the tip of the lever can be repeated.

When the elastic plate is provided on the claws of the clamper, not only the galling phenomenon does not easily occur between the claws and the object to be fixed, but even if the cam surfaces with which the cam followers come into contact are not uniform, In order to release the fixation of the fixed object, a plurality of clampers that can firmly fix the fixed object are provided, and there is a time lag at the time when each hook engages with the corresponding clamper. The torque applied to the clamper becomes equal to the torque that rotates one clamper. As a result, the motor that drives the cam can be downsized.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a detailed view of a clamper.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an essential part of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a plan view of the second embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a plan view of a conventional example.

FIG. 7 is a plan view of a cam.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Fixed object 1A Tsuba 5 stages 6 housing 6A fixed seat 6B stopper 10 cams 11 Maximum displacement point 12 Cam surface 15 Cam Follower 20 clamper 21 nails 22,31 base 24 elastic plate 25,45,52 pin 28 tension coil spring 30 lever 32 columns 33,53 tip 38,58 torsion coil spring 40 Mounting seat member 50 hooks 55 hook stopper 70 motor

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. Rotation around a pin fixed to a housing
The freely mounted clamper and the housing with the surface perpendicular to the rotation surface of the clamper as the rotation surface
It was attached to the base of the clamper so that it came into contact with the cam that rotates around the axis and the cam surface of the cam.
It has a cam follower and the clamper rotates by rotating the cam forward and backward.
The claw at the tip of the
In a mechanism for fixing an article by a cam mechanism for releasing, one end is pivotally supported on the housing , and the other end is mounted on the cam so that the lever can be engaged with and released from the lever.
And a hook which is formed on the cam surface and the cam follower by rotating the lever.
The contact point is a column that contacts the opposite side of the cam follower.
The bent part of the lever is provided with a strip, and when the cam is rotated in the reverse direction, the tip of the lever engages with the tip of the hook.
Then, the columnar body pushes the cam follower to move to the cam surface side.
Of the cam mechanism that is characterized by
Fixing mechanism. 2. The clamper comprises a plurality of clampers arranged in equal parts.
There, with the hook corresponding to each of the clamper, the time that each hook engaging a corresponding clamper
That the hook is attached to the cam so that there is a time lag
An article fixing machine using the cam mechanism according to claim 1.
Structure. 3. An elastic plate is attached to the claw of the clamper.
And a cam mechanism according to claim 1 or 2.
Item fixing mechanism. 4. When the hook reversely rotates the cam,
If the tip engages the tip of the lever and the cam rotates forward, the tip does not engage the tip of the lever.
What is called a ratchet mechanism
An article fixing mechanism using the cam mechanism described in 1, 2, or 3.