JP3511282B2 - Clean patient transport container - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an infectious disease and the like when combined with a stretcher in which a loading section provided with a mattress and a frame and a transport section are configured to be separable. The present invention relates to a patient transport container for carrying a patient in isolation. 2. Description of the Related Art A room for isolating and treating a patient such as an infectious disease, a transporting apparatus and a container have been conventionally known. Such a transport container and apparatus are usually configured as a single unit with a container portion and a transport portion, are large and heavy, and cannot be transported using a commercially available stretcher, and therefore have no versatility. Met. In addition, they cannot be stored in an ambulance, requiring a dedicated transport vehicle, which is inconvenient in use. [0003] In a container having such a rigid structure, clean air is press-fitted into a capsule made of a transparent sheet to form a positive pressure space, and the container is placed on a movable table. has been proposed (Japanese Utility Model 61
-28590 ). However, in this container, the inside cannot be set to a negative pressure so as to prevent the spread of infectious bacteria to the outside. Further, even when the sheet has some rigidity and a slight negative pressure can be generated, there is a problem that the sheet is dented inward by the negative pressure, and the patient is pressed. [0004] The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, and a commercially available stretcher can be used without diverging infectious bacteria to the outside. It is an object of the present invention to provide a patient transport container that is convenient and well accommodated in a patient. [0005] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention is directed to a first aspect of the present invention, which comprises a loading section provided with a mattress and a frame, and a transport section. And said
In a patient transport container for separating and transporting a patient in combination with a stretcher configured to be separable from the transport unit , a negative pressure is formed by forming a negative pressure so that air inside the main unit and the main unit does not leak. Ventilation means provided with a blower for purifying and discharging air, a storage battery for power supply for driving the blower, and an external power supply connection portion for enabling external power supply in place of the storage battery The stretcher
Is a commercially available product, and the main body part has a ceiling and the ceiling.
The sheet-like bottom member covering the top of the mattress before in a state placed was in the loading part and continuous end walls and side walls as well
A bottom member which is continuous with the end wall and the side wall , locks the bottom material, and has a bottom member to be placed on the frame and an entrance / exit door for the patient. The ventilation means, the storage battery, and the external power supply connection portion are integrally formed so as to have a definable formability.
Is provided on the main body . FIG. 1 shows an example of an overall structure of a patient transport container to which the present invention is applied, and FIG. 2 shows a schematic structure of a stretcher which carries the container and transports the same. FIG. 3 shows the structure of the bottom of the container and the machine room. The patient transport container separates the patient by combining with a stretcher having a mattress 11 and an upper pipe 12 as a frame as shown in FIG. It is a container for carrying, and has a main unit 3 and an air supply unit 4 and an exhaust unit 5 which constitute ventilation means. The transporter 2 of the stretcher includes a lower pipe 21, a support 23 having a caster 22 that can support and bend the lower pipe 21, a lower frame 24, and the like. The loading section 1 includes a leg member 13 placed on the lower pipe 21 of the transport section 2,
It can be easily combined with the transport section 2 via this portion, and can run independently. When being put on the lower pipe 21, the position is held by a stopper (not shown). The container body 3 includes a floor sheet 31 formed as a sheet-like bottom material covering the upper part of the mattress 11 in a state of being placed on the loading section 1, a bottom plate 32 as a bottom member, and a patient P. Entry and exit doors 33 are provided. The main structural part of the main body includes front and rear end walls 35, 3 formed continuously with the arched ceiling 34, the ceiling 34, and the bottom plate 32.
6 and side walls 37 and 38 on both sides. Seals (not shown) are provided on the door opening end surfaces of the side walls 37 and 38 to seal the space between the doors 33 and the entrance / exit door 33, and airtightness when the doors are closed is maintained. [0009] The bottom plate 32 is the upper pipe 12 of the stretcher.
In this example, as shown in FIG. 3, it is mounted on an extended portion of a crossover plate 14 attached by bolts 14 a or the like over both side portions of a frame-shaped upper pipe 12. That is, the bottom plate 32 is connected to the upper pipe 12
It is listed in. This bottom plate 32 also has a floor sheet 3
1 is locked by being held between the holding plate 39 and the screw 39a. However, the floor sheet may be locked by bonding or the like. The use of the transfer plate 14 as in this embodiment facilitates the connection between the container and the stretcher. However, if the bottom plate portion is formed in a somewhat complicated shape, the bottom plate portion can be directly connected to the upper pipe 12 of the stretcher without providing the bridge plate 14.
It is also possible to put on. Reference numeral 6 denotes a handle. While the short pipe member 15 is attached to the upper pipe 12,
The floor sheet 31 is opened at this portion, and the handle 6 is inserted into and removed from the short pipe member 15 so that the handle 6 can be attached and detached in the container. Reference numeral 7 denotes a glove ring. A long glove is guided to the inside of the main body of the ring 7, and an entrance portion is covered when not in use. According to such a structure, the floor sheet 31 of the container covers the mattress 11, and when the patient is put on the mattress 11, the weight of the patient is supported by the mattress 11. Therefore, only the weight of the entire container including the air supply / exhaust units 4, 5 and the like is applied to the bottom plate 32 supported by the upper pipe 12. As a result, the bottom plate 32, the access door 33, the ceiling 34, the front and rear end walls 3 of the main body 3 occupying most of the container.
In this embodiment, the thicknesses 5, 36 and the side walls 37, 38 are made of a thin vinyl chloride plate so as to have a strength enough to withstand their own weight. Also, since the bottom plate 32 of the container is placed on the upper pipe 12, the bottom surface of the container may be formed to be slightly larger than the periphery of the upper pipe 12. As a result, the container can be reduced to a necessary and sufficient minimum size. In addition to the miniaturization of the container as described above, the weight of the container is reduced by using a vinyl chloride plate which is a light material in spite of its high strength. An air supply unit 4 constituting a part of the ventilation means
Is provided with a slide lid (not shown) that can adjust the opening area together with the filter 41 on the outer surface side of the container. As shown in FIG. 3C, the exhaust unit 5 includes a blower 51 and a filter 52 that can purify internal air that may contain infectious bacteria and the like. As the filter 52, for example, an ULPA filter (Ultra Low Penetration Air Filte
An ultra-high-performance filter called r) is used, and a treatment for preventing contamination of the external environment is performed by capturing infectious bacteria and the like. In this case, the filter may have a bactericidal action by an appropriate method such as using a bactericidal material for the filter element or applying a bactericide. The air purifying means may be any device capable of preventing external contamination by infectious bacteria or the like, such as a sterilizer using a chemical, ultraviolet light, or the like, or another filter having a sterilizing effect. The blower 51 is driven by a storage battery 8 for supplying power via a motor (not shown). Instead of the storage battery 8, a plug socket 9 into which a plug of a power cord provided in an ambulance or the like is inserted is provided as an external power supply unit that enables external power supply.
Reference numeral 10 denotes a base unit of an intercom for communication between a patient and an external person between inside and outside of the container. Although not shown, the slave unit is placed inside the container. [0015] The above-described patient transport container is used as follows and exerts its operational effects. The container main body 3 to which the air supply unit 4, the exhaust unit 5, and the like are mounted is combined with the loading unit 1 of a commercially available stretcher and is integrally connected. Since this container is small and lightweight as described above, it can be easily manufactured to a weight of, for example, less than about 60 kgf. Also, mattress 11 and upper pipe 1
The loading section 1 having a main section 2 weighs about 20 kgf. Therefore, their total weight is about 80 kgf or less. The container combined with the loading section 1 is placed on the transport section 2 of the stretcher via the leg member 13 of the loading section 1. In this case, the transporter 2 of the type of stretcher having a large loading weight has an allowable loading weight of about 180 kgf. Therefore, the weight of the patient that can be transported by the stretcher is at least about 100 kgf. Such a stretcher is used for transporting an infectious disease patient at an airport or the like, for example. The stretcher on which the container is mounted is transported to a place where one or two persons can carry the patient, and the patient is placed in the container at a place isolated from the general space, and the mattress 11 is placed via the floor sheet 31. Put on top. At this time, one or both of the entrance doors 33 on both sides are opened. Although not shown, the door can be locked from the ceiling member 34 in an open state. However, a flip-up type door may be used. Thus, even when the patient is put on, the weight is supported by the stretcher. Therefore, as described above, the container is low in rigidity and light in weight. When the patient is put in and the door is closed, the blower 51 of the exhaust unit 5 is operated at the same time or shortly before. The slide lid of the air supply unit 4 is usually at an opening position adjusted in advance. As a result, the patient is supplied with clean air that has passed through the filter 41, and the internal air is purified and discharged through the filter 52,
The inside of the main body 3 has a negative pressure. The negative pressure at this time is 5 mmAq or less, usually about 2 to 3 mm. In the case of the conventional body-sheet-type container, a blower on the side of the moving device provided with a power supply, a blower, and the like is operated, a blower tube is connected to the blower, and the container is expanded by applying internal pressure. Although it was necessary to open the chuck and insert the patient, the operation was difficult and it took time to carry in the patient. However, in the apparatus of this example, the patient was carried in as described above because it was a fixed container equipped with the exhaust unit 5. The operation from the start to the ventilation state is extremely easy and performed quickly. By maintaining the inside of the container at a negative pressure in this manner, the inside air is not sterilized and does not leak to the outside, and the spread of infectious bacteria is prevented. In this case, since the required negative pressure is low as described above, the pressure resistance required for the container is extremely low. That is, for example, even if the door 33 is a flat plate and has a maximum area, the area of the container is about 1 m ² , and the force applied by the external pressure is 5 kgf in total load at the maximum negative pressure. is there. Moreover, this force acts as an evenly distributed load. Therefore, if the rigidity of the container is set to a level that can withstand its own weight, the container necessarily has pressure resistance. In addition, when the container is made of a sheet as in the related art, the shape cannot be maintained even with such a negative pressure, and the patient is depressed at least toward the indoor side to give a feeling of pressure to the patient. The container in which the patient is accommodated, the door is closed, and the ventilated state is placed, is taken out to a general open space together with the stretcher and transported. At this time, as described above, the infectious bacteria do not diffuse to the surroundings and the container does not give a feeling of pressure to the patient. In this example, since the ceiling portion of the container is formed in an arch shape, the feeling of pressure of the patient is further alleviated. Patients with such infections are usually referred to specific hospitals. In that case, since the container of the present invention is formed in the required minimum size and can be transported by a normal stretcher, it can be transported by an ambulance together with the stretcher. Therefore, a special vehicle is not required unlike the conventional rigid patient transport container, which is very convenient for emergency transportation. In addition, when loading into an ambulance, the support | pillar 23 of the conveyance part of a stretcher is folded. The blower 51 of the exhaust unit 5 is operated by the power of the storage battery 6, but in an ambulance, the power is switched to the generated power as needed. At this time, the plug of the power cord for taking out the ambulance from the outside is inserted into the plug socket 9, and the switch is switched to use the power generated on the ambulance side. Thus, when the transport distance to the hospital is long, the patient can be transported for a long time.
Further, the number of times of charging the storage battery 8 can be reduced, and maintenance can be facilitated. When the ambulance arrives at the hospital, the stretcher carrying the container can be taken out as it is and transported to a treatment room or the like. Therefore, according to the patient transport container of the present example, the patient can be transported by simple operation quickly while providing favorable conditions to the patient while preventing the spread of infectious bacteria. As described above, according to the present invention, according to the first aspect of the present invention, a negative pressure is formed so as to prevent the air inside the main body from leaking and sterilize the air inside. Since the ventilation means provided with a blower for exhausting air is provided, it is possible to prevent the spread of pathogenic bacteria such as infectious bacteria when a patient such as an infectious disease is accommodated in the main body. The main body is provided with a sheet-like bottom material, a bottom member, and a patient entrance / exit door, and the bottom member is configured to be mounted on the frame of the loading portion of the stretcher. Can be As a result, it is possible to transport by an ambulance in a state where the main body and the loading section of the stretcher are integrated or in a state where they are integrated with the transporting section of the stretcher. Therefore, handling and transportation become extremely convenient. Further, by combining the patient transport container with the stretcher, versatility is generated and the utility value is greatly improved. The sheet-shaped bottom material is locked by the bottom member so as to cover the upper part of the mattress of the stretcher in a state where the sheet-shaped bottom material is placed on the loading portion of the stretcher. Is loaded and placed on the bottom material, the patient's weight is supported by the stretcher from the bottom material via the mattress. Therefore, the main body only has to withstand a load about its own weight. as a result,
The main body can be reduced in weight and can be supported by the stretcher. Since the main body is formed so as to have airtightness capable of maintaining a negative pressure, leakage and diffusion of infectious bacteria and the like to the outside can be prevented by maintaining the negative pressure as described above. In addition, since the main body has a fixed shape capable of maintaining a predetermined shape, the transportability of the patient transport container can be improved, and the conditions for accommodating the patient can be improved without giving the patient a feeling of pressure. Accordingly, the above-described patient transport container is capable of forming a negative pressure and accommodating a patient and at the same time reducing the weight by skillfully combining a conventional rigid structure and a flexible structure having a sheet. , Reliable prevention of spread of infectious bacteria, versatility and convenience of transport of stretchers and ambulances,
It has various effects such as improvement of the accommodation environment for patients. In addition, a storage battery for power supply for driving the blower is provided, and an external power supply connection portion for supplying power from the outside is provided in place of the storage battery. Can be done by standing equipment,
It is possible to speed up the process from the accommodation of the patient to the transportation thereof, and to enable long-distance transportation using the power supply of the ambulance.
In addition, the charging interval of the storage battery can be extended, and the maintenance work of the device can be reduced.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a state in which a patient transport container to which the present invention is applied is combined with a loading section of a stretcher. FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the stretcher. 3A and 3B show a partial structure of the patient transport container, wherein FIG. 3A is a longitudinal sectional view in the width direction of the bottom, FIG. 3B is a longitudinal sectional view in the longitudinal direction of the bottom, and FIG. FIG. [Description of Signs] 1 Loading unit 2 Transport unit 3 Main unit 4 Air supply unit (ventilation unit) 5 Exhaust unit (ventilation unit) 8 Storage battery 9 Plug socket (external power supply connection unit) 11 Mattress 12 Upper pipe (frame body) 31 Floor sheet (bottom material) 32 Bottom plate (bottom member) 33 Door 51 for entrance / exit Blower P Patient

Continuation of the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) A61G 1/00-1/04 A61G 10/00-10/02

Claims (1)

(57) [Claim 1] Combination with a stretcher including a loading section provided with a mattress and a frame and a transport section, wherein the loading section and the transport section are configured to be separable. A patient transport container for isolating and transporting a patient, comprising: a main body and a blower for forming a negative pressure so as to prevent air from leaking from the main body, and purifying and discharging the air inside the main body. And a storage battery for power supply for driving the blower, and an external power supply connection unit that enables external power supply in place of the storage battery, and the stretcher is
The main unit is a ceiling and the ceiling
A sheet-like bottom material covering the upper end of the mattress in a state of being placed on the continuous end wall and the side wall and the loading portion;
A fixed form which is continuous with a wall and a side wall, has a bottom member to be locked on the frame member, and has a bottom member placed on the frame, and an entrance / exit door for the patient. It is formed as one piece to have the nature,
The ventilation means, the storage battery, and the external power supply connection portion are
A patient transport container provided on the main body .