JP3511094B2 - Magnetic separation method and magnetic separation device - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a magnetic separation method and a magnetic separation device, and more particularly to a magnetic separation that can be suitably used for separation and removal of industrial waste, ore separation and purification, and uranium extraction. A method and a magnetic separation device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Due to the recent industrial development and improvement of living standards, the problem of treating industrial waste has become serious. As a solution to this problem, a magnetic separation technology for selecting industrial waste, which is a mixed substance, by magnetic force has been developed and applied to wastewater purification and resource recovery. Further, from the viewpoint of developing unused resources, the above magnetic separation technology is also applied to beneficiation and purification from rough stones. Furthermore, as a future energy source, application to uranium extraction in seawater is expected.

Since microorganisms decompose environmental pollutants such as nitrogen compounds such as ammoniacal nitrogen and harmful organic substances such as organic chlorine compounds, they are often used in the treatment of industrial waste. Therefore, in order to efficiently process the industrial waste, it is necessary to keep the microorganisms at a high concentration in a predetermined reaction tank. At this time, by using the magnetic separation technique, the microorganisms can be maintained at a high concentration in the reaction layer.

That is, microorganisms and magnetic particles are entrapped and fixed in a predetermined substance such as ethylene glycol, and the substance is separated and held by a magnetic force utilizing a huge magnetic gradient, whereby the reaction tank is prepared. It is possible to maintain the above-mentioned microorganism at a high concentration at a predetermined position of.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an example of a conventional magnetic separation device. The magnetic separation device shown in FIG. 1 includes a filter 1 having therein a magnetic fine wire 3 made of, for example, stainless wool, and a coil 2 for applying a magnetic field. When a predetermined magnetic field is applied from the coil 2 to the magnetic wire 3 in the filter 1, a huge magnetic gradient is generated around the magnetic wire 3 and a very large magnetic force is generated. Therefore, by flowing the predetermined substance including the microorganisms and the magnetic particles in the filter 1 of the magnetic separation device shown in FIG. 1, the substance is separated and retained by the magnetic force.

[0006]

However, since the magnetic wires 3 shown in FIG. 1 have an interval of several tens of μm, the substance that fixes the microorganisms and the magnetic particles is m.
If the size becomes large on the order of m or the magnetic particles themselves become large, these cannot pass through the gap of the magnetic wire 3. As a result, there is a problem that the rate at which the filter 1 is clogged increases and the frequency of cleaning also increases.

On the other hand, instead of using the magnetic wire as described above, coils are provided on both sides of a predetermined filter, and a magnetic gradient is generated only by a vertical magnetic field emitted from this coil, and a predetermined magnetic force is generated. Attempts have also been made for magnetic separation using a so-called open gradient type magnetic separation device. However, such an external magnetic field cannot generate a huge magnetic gradient, that is, a magnetic force, and as a result, the microorganisms used for treating industrial waste are kept at a high concentration in a predetermined reaction tank. I couldn't.

The present invention is a novel magnetic separation method capable of magnetically separating a predetermined mixed substance by a magnetic force caused by a huge magnetic gradient and maintaining a high concentration without causing the above problems. And to provide a magnetic separation device.

[0009]

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above object,
Magnetic separation method of the present invention, provided for a given container, the end faces of a single identical poles a pair of magnets so as to face,
By passing a predetermined mixed substance between the end faces,
It is characterized in that the predetermined mixed substance is magnetically separated and held.

Further, the magnetic separation device of the present invention comprises a predetermined container and a pair of magnets provided so that end faces having a single homopolarity face the container. And

[0011] In the magnetic separation method and a magnetic separation apparatus of the present invention, for a given in a container that constitutes a like reaction vessel for use in such treatment of industrial waste, end faces of a single identical poles so as to face A pair of magnets. Therefore, in the central portion between the end faces of the pair of magnets, the magnetic fields generated by the pair of magnets cancel each other, and the magnetic field strength becomes substantially zero.

On the other hand, in the vicinity of the end faces of the pair of magnets, a very large magnetic field is generated and the magnetic field has a huge magnetic field strength. Therefore, a huge magnetic gradient is generated from the central portion between the pair of magnets toward each of the pair of magnets, and accordingly a huge magnetic force is generated. Therefore, by introducing a predetermined mixed substance, such as ethylene glycol, in which microorganisms are entrapped in such a magnetic force, the mixed substance can be efficiently magnetically separated and retained.

[0013]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments of the invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing an example of the magnetic separation device of the present invention. The magnetic separation device shown in FIG. 2 includes a predetermined container 11 that constitutes a reaction tank or the like used for industrial waste treatment, and a pair of magnets 12 and 13 provided so as to face both side surfaces of the container 11. It is equipped with The end faces 12A and 13A of the magnets 12 and 13 are magnetized to the N pole.

The pair of magnets 12 and 13 are preferably composed of, for example, a Y-based and Bi-based oxide high temperature superconductor. As a result, the magnets 12 and 13 can easily have a large magnetic flux density.
Huge magnetic fields can be generated near the end faces 12A and 13A of 2 and 13. Therefore, a huge magnetic gradient can be generated in the container 11, and as a result, an extremely large magnetic force can be generated. For this reason,
It is possible to extremely efficiently magnetically separate and retain a predetermined mixed substance such as ethylene glycol containing microorganisms.

As the Y-based oxide high temperature superconductor, YBa
_TwoCu_ThreeO_7-δExamples of YBaCuO system such as
You can Further, as the Bi-based oxide high temperature superconductor,
Bi _TwoSr_TwoCa_TwoCu_ThreeO_{10 + δ}BiSrC such as
The aCuO system can be exemplified.

The pair of magnets 12 and 13 may be composed of permanent magnets containing neodymium or the like instead of the above oxide high temperature superconductor. Also in this case, the end faces 12A and 13A of the magnets 12 and 13
A relatively large magnetic field can be generated in the vicinity, and as a result, a relatively large magnetic force can be generated.

The magnetization is performed according to the following steps. First, a predetermined DC magnetic field is applied to the high temperature oxide superconductor as described above at room temperature in a normal conduction state. Next, the high temperature oxide superconductor is immersed in a container filled with a cooling medium such as liquid nitrogen and cooled to a temperature not higher than the critical temperature of the high temperature oxide superconductor. At this time, the high temperature oxide superconductor is in a superconducting state, and the magnetic flux is trapped and magnetized by removing the DC magnetic field.

The magnitude of the DC magnetic field at this time is preferably about 2T or more, more preferably about 5T or more. Accordingly, the oxide high temperature superconductor can easily obtain a large magnetic flux density sufficient for magnetically separating the predetermined mixed material.

The distance d between the end faces 12A and 13A of the magnets 12 and 13 is preferably about 20 mm or more, more preferably 50 to 100 mm.
Thereby, a huge magnetic field can be generated in the vicinity of the end faces 12A and 13A. Therefore, a huge magnetic gradient can be generated in the container 11, and as a result, an extremely large magnetic force can be generated.

In the magnetic separation device shown in FIG. 2, since the magnetic field from the magnet 12 and the magnetic field from the magnet 13 cancel each other in the vicinity of the center O between the end faces 12A and 13A of the magnets 12 and 13, the magnetic field strength is substantially equal. Becomes zero. Then, for example, when the magnets 12 and 13 are made of the above-described high temperature oxide superconductor and are magnetized as described above, 2T near the end faces 12A and 13A.
The above magnetic field strength is obtained.

Therefore, a huge magnetic gradient is generated from the vicinity of the center O toward the end faces 12A and 13A, and the magnetic force in the vicinity of the center O becomes substantially zero, but the magnetic force increases from the center O toward the end faces 12A and 13A. Magnetic force will be generated. As a result, it is possible to extremely efficiently magnetically separate and retain a predetermined mixed substance such as ethylene glycol containing microorganisms.

[0022]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A simulation regarding the magnitude of magnetic force generated in the magnetic separation apparatus of the present invention shown in FIG.
It carried out based on the following formula. First, the magnets 12 and 1
The simulation for the magnetic field distribution generated between 3 was performed. The distance d between both end faces 12A and 13A is 30 m
The simulation was carried out assuming the case of m.

FIG. 3 is a graph showing the simulation result of the magnetic field distribution in the Z direction component in the YZ plane in FIG. As is clear from FIG. 3, in the vicinity of the center O between the end faces 12A and 13A of the magnets 12 and 13, the magnetic fields emitted from the magnets 12 and 13 cancel each other and become substantially zero. On the other hand, in the vicinity of the end faces 12A and 13A of the magnets 12 and 13, it can be seen that there is a large magnetic gradient according to the magnitude of the magnetized magnetic flux density.

Then, a simulation of the magnetic force distribution generated when the magnetic field distribution as shown in FIG. 3 is generated was carried out according to (Equation 1).

[0025]

[Equation 1]

As the mixed substance, the magnetic susceptibility χf is -9.0.
The magnetic susceptibility χp is 1 × 10 in pure water of 5 × 10 ^−6.
It is assumed that the predetermined magnetic substance particles of ^-5 are dispersed. It is assumed that the magnetic particles have a spherical shape with a radius of 1 μm.

FIG. 4 is a graph showing the Z direction component in the YZ plane of FIG. 2 of the magnetic force acting on the magnetic particles calculated based on the above (formula 1). As is apparent from FIG. 4, in the magnetic field distribution as shown in FIG. 3, the magnetic particles have end faces 12A and 13 of the magnets 12 and 13, respectively.
It can be seen that an extremely large magnetic force in the A direction is generated. Therefore, it can be understood that by introducing the mixed substance into the magnetic separation device having the magnetic field strength as described above, a huge magnetic force is applied to the mixed substance, and the mixed substance can be effectively magnetically separated and held.

Although the present invention has been described based on the embodiments of the present invention, the contents of the present invention are not limited to the above, and all modifications and changes are made without departing from the scope of the present invention. Is possible.

For example, in FIG. 2, the magnets 12 and 1
Although the 3 N poles are opposed to each other, the same effect can be obtained even if the S poles are opposed to each other. Further, the end surfaces 12A and 13A of the magnets 12 and 13 respectively have a square shape, but may have another rectangular shape such as a rectangle or a polygon, or may have a circular shape. Although a pair of magnets is used alone in FIG. 2, a plurality of pairs of these magnets can be used in combination.

[0030]

As described above, according to the magnetic separation method and the magnetic separation device of the present invention, a huge magnetic force can be generated between the pair of magnets constituting the device.
The predetermined mixture can be separated easily and efficiently. As a result, in particular, by magnetically separating a predetermined substance such as ethylene glycol containing a microorganism and magnetic particles according to the present invention, it becomes possible to maintain the microorganism at a high concentration in the magnetic separator. , Industrial waste, etc. can be easily disassembled and sorted.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an example of a conventional magnetic separation device.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing an example of a magnetic separation device of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a graph showing a simulation result of a magnetic field distribution in a Z direction component in the YZ plane in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a graph showing a simulation result of a Z-direction component of a magnetic force acting on magnetic particles when the magnetic field intensity distribution shown in FIG. 3 is provided.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 filter 2 coils 3 Magnetic fine wire 11 containers 12, 13 magnet

Continuation of the front page (56) Reference JP-A-2-124704 (JP, A) JP-A-55-22358 (JP, A) JP-A-7-68109 (JP, A) JP-A-62-241518 (JP , A) European Patent Application Publication 479448 (EP, A 1) (58) Fields searched (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B03C 1/00-1/32 B01D 35/08

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] Respect 1. A predetermined container, single end faces of the poles so as to face by providing a pair of magnets, by passing through a predetermined mixing material between said end faces, the it is mixing of the predetermined A magnetic separation method, which comprises magnetically separating and holding a substance. 2. The magnetic separation method according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the pair of magnets are provided. 3. A magnetic separation device comprising a predetermined container and a pair of magnets provided so that end faces having a single homopolarity face each other with respect to the container. 4. The pair of magnets are Y-system or B-system, respectively.
i-based oxide high-temperature superconductor,
The magnetic separation device according to claim 3. 5. The magnetic separation device according to claim 3, wherein a plurality of the pair of magnets are provided.