JP3507895B2 - Termite attractant derived from Dokudami and its extraction method - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an efficient method for controlling termites by attracting termites using the extract of Dodami, which is once trapped, and then applied with a drug.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Termites are highly socially classified insects, like ants and bees. The food habits of termites range from dead trees, fallen trees to branches / leaves, and lichens / mosses, and play an important role as "decomposers" at the global environment level. Japanese termites,
There are 18 species including Yamato termites, and particularly the wide-ranging Nosotermes and Yamato termites cause enormous damage to wooden structures and are targeted for control as wood pests.

In the current termite control, the soil treatment around wooden structures and the wood treatment such as the foundation are mainly used. For example,
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 1-213209 discloses a termite control agent containing a molybdenum compound and a tungsten compound, but there is a concern about the effect of spraying these agents on the environment. Therefore, a new control method called the bait system has recently been introduced from the United States, and is gradually spreading, because of concern over the environmental impact of this large amount of chemical spraying.

This is around the building to be controlled,
(1) To confirm the high density of termites,
A bait station called bait station is installed (2) Bait pine and other bait trees are put in the bait station and left for a certain period of time (3) Check if termites are coming (4) If termites are coming Replacing the bait tree with the carrier impregnated with the drug that becomes the poison bait (5) Termites bring back the drug to the nest and spread it to the nest to eradicate the entire nest. The drug used is also slow-acting. It is a drug and does not require a large amount of drug as before. However, there is a problem that the ready-made bait system does not work for Yamato termites. Therefore, it has been desired to develop an additive having a food intake-inducing effect that is effective against all termites including Yamato termites.

[0005]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention aims to develop an attractant effective for all termites.

[0006]

Means for Solving the Problems As a result of diligent efforts to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors have found that Dodokumi is effective as a plant having feeding-inducing activity also against Yamato termites. .

That is, the present invention relates to (1) a termite attractant comprising an extract of a plant of the family Domitaria, and (2) a plant of the family Domitaceous.
cordata ), Hangesho ( Saururus chinensis ) or variegated dokudami ( Houttuynia cordata ). Extraction method of termite attractant to be used (4)
( Houttuynia cordata ), Hangesho ( Saururus chinen
sis ) or Houttuynia cordata (3), a method for extracting a termite attractant according to (3), (5) a termite attractant containing 2-undecanone and / or 1-nonanol Regarding

Dokudami is a perennial herb that grows naturally in East Asia and is easily available in various parts of Japan, and has been used for a long time as an antipyretic drug. The present inventors, when they proceeded with the research on this dokudama, did not attract termites while growing, but found that the methanol extract particularly attracted termites when extracted with methanol after logging. . At the same time, it was discovered that the present extract exhibited "guidepost activity" to Yamato termites and J. termites, which shows a behavior of walking along a line drawn by a methanol extract.

When a termite, a social insect, walks,
It secretes from the abdominal gland a kind of pheromone, the "guide pheromone", to show a destination to a friend. This pheromone can be traced back and forth without hesitation to the feeding ground or the location of the nest. Therefore, the term "guide way activity" is used when a substance exhibits a phenomenon similar to this guide way pheromone.

A common pheromone that is common to termites of the genus Termite family, to which Yamato termites and termites belong, is (Z, Z, E) -3,6,8-dodecatrienol, which at the same time has food-attracting activity. It is known to show. Therefore, a substance showing "attracting activity" was identified by examining "guide way activity". The identified substances were further confirmed to be food-attracting.

As a method for assaying the "pathway activity", a usual method is used.
A circle of m was drawn, and 2 microliters of the assay solution was applied along the circumference with a micropipette. After volatilization of the solvent of the assay solution, a termite is released at one point on the circumference, and the distance the termite walks along the circumference is measured. For each test solution, 10 termites will be tested, and the average walking distance of termites will be half the circumference of the circle, that is, it will be active if it walks 7.5 cm or more.

[0012] Dodokumi used in the present invention include Yadodokami ( Houttuynia cordata ) and Hangesho ( Saururus c ).
hinensis ) or variegated dokudami ( Houttuynia cordata ) is preferred, and this extract is
Obtained by soaking in methanol for 3 to 7 days or Soxhlet extraction.

As the termite attractant of the present invention, the crude extract thus obtained may be used as it is, or may be appropriately mixed with a chemical agent such as a wetting agent. Further, the dosage form may be any of powder, granule, granule wettable powder and the like. The termite attracting method is a method of attracting termites that are doing harm, termites trying to enter, termites nesting in the habitat, by placing this termite attractant on the ant road or directly exposing it to termites. Can be played.

[0014]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION In the following Examples, termite-attractive properties of Dokudami extract and the organic solvent fraction derived therefrom and the activity of the water-soluble portion as a marker are examined. (Example 1) Whole ground plant of Dokudami is crushed to 1 mm or less,
Extraction with methanol gave a methanol extract. Dissolve this in methanol, and then cedar sapwood (1.5 cm x wood mouth)
Undiluted solution (6.3% by weight) in 1.5 cm, length 20 cm,
0.63% by weight and 0.063% by weight of the respective solutions were applied. An indoor accelerated deterioration test was carried out using this cedar sapwood pile. As a control, an untreated cedar sapwood pile was similarly tested. As a result, the following information was obtained. The results obtained are shown in Table 1.

[0015]

[Table 1] From the results of Table 1, it was shown that the untreated cedar sapwood piles were scarcely damaged by food, whereas the test piles coated with the dodoma extract were selectively damaged. Therefore, it was demonstrated that the present extract has a high termite feeding attraction.

(Example 2) Dokudama was extracted in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a crude extract. This was sequentially extracted with normal hexane and ethyl acetate, and along with the remaining water-soluble portion, the activity against the termites was examined, and the following results were obtained. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0017]

[Table 2] From Table 2, it was shown that the trail active substance was present in the normal hexane fraction.

(Example 3) After extracting and fractionating Dodama as in Example 2, the normal hexane fraction was analyzed by gas chromatography / mass spectrometry.
As a result, peaks derived from several substances were detected, and each substance was identified by comparing the analytical values with the standard substance, and 2-undecanone (tR. = 21.9 min.) And 1-nonanol (tR. = 5) were identified.
It was found to be 3.2 min.) (Fig. 1). The activity of each substance against the termites was examined and the following results were obtained.

[0019]

[Table 3] From this, it was confirmed that 2-undecanone and 1-nonanol have a guideline activity.

[0020]

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY According to the present invention, termites including Yamato termites can be induced, and the environmental load can be reduced to control termites.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1a is a view showing a result of gas chromatography analysis of a 5% ethyl acetate / normal hexane fraction of Dodakumi.

FIG. 1b is a view showing a result of gas chromatography analysis of a 10% ethyl acetate / normal hexane fraction of Dodakumi.

Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-50-49434 (JP, A) JP-A-2000-239114 (JP, A) JP-A-64-2203 (JP, A) JP-A-6-16511 (JP, A) Japanese Patent Publication Sho 29-4950 (JP, B1) Wakako Omura et al., Proceedings of the 51st Annual Meeting of the Wood Research Society of Japan, Japan Wood Research Society, March 13, 2001, p. 404 (58) Fields investigated ( Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) A01N 65/00 A01N 31/04 A01N 35/02

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] 1. Methanol and / or of the plant of the family Domitryceae
A termite attractant comprising an extract of normal hexane . [Claim 2] Houttu (Houttu)
ynia cordata), Hangesho (Saururus chinensis)
The termite attractant according to claim 1, wherein the termite attractant is a variegated doughnut (Houttuynia cordata). 3. A plant of the family Domiteriidae is treated with methanol and / or
A method for extracting a termite attractant, which comprises extracting with normal hexane . [Claim 4] Houttu (Houttu)
ynia cordata), Hangesho (Saururus chinensis)
The method for extracting a termite attractant according to claim 3, wherein the termite attractant is a variegated houttuynia cordata. 5. A termite attractant containing 2-undecanone and / or 1-nonanol.