JP3503390B2 - Capsule powder and preform for in-situ composite material production - Google Patents
Capsule powder and preform for in-situ composite material productionInfo
- Publication number
- JP3503390B2 JP3503390B2 JP03141797A JP3141797A JP3503390B2 JP 3503390 B2 JP3503390 B2 JP 3503390B2 JP 03141797 A JP03141797 A JP 03141797A JP 3141797 A JP3141797 A JP 3141797A JP 3503390 B2 JP3503390 B2 JP 3503390B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- particles
- powder
- situ
- capsule
- capsule powder
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims description 121
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 title claims description 76
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 title claims description 60
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims description 45
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 11
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 134
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 47
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000013528 metallic particle Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 13
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000012779 reinforcing material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000879 optical micrograph Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 206010024769 Local reaction Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 and Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DRLFMBDRBRZALE-UHFFFAOYSA-N melatonin Chemical compound COC1=CC=C2NC=C(CCNC(C)=O)C2=C1 DRLFMBDRBRZALE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012255 powdered metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011863 silicon-based powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009718 spray deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Description
【０００１】本発明は、ｉｎ−ｓｉｔｕ複合材製造用カ
プセル粉末及びプリフォーム体に係り、特に、粒子分散
型の耐熱・耐摩耗Ａｌ合金におけるｉｎ−ｓｉｔｕ複合
材製造用カプセル粉末及びプリフォーム体に関するもの
である。The present invention relates to a capsule powder and a preform body for producing an in-situ composite material, and particularly to a capsule powder and a preform body for producing an in-situ composite material in a particle dispersion type heat resistant and wear resistant Al alloy. It is a thing.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】Ａｌ合金の弱点である耐熱強度および耐
摩耗性の向上を目的として、様々な方法による複合材化
によって強化が行われている。各種の複合材製造プロセ
スは大別して、鋳造法、粉末冶金法、スプレーフォーミ
ング法の３つに分類される。2. Description of the Related Art In order to improve the heat resistance and wear resistance, which are the weak points of Al alloys, they have been strengthened by making them into composite materials by various methods. Various composite material manufacturing processes are roughly classified into three methods: casting method, powder metallurgy method, and spray forming method.
【０００３】中でも、鋳造法は、更に加圧鋳造法、溶湯
添加法、コンポキャスティング法、ＰＲＩＭＥＸ ＣＡ
ＳＴTM、ｉｎ−ｓｉｔｕ法の５つに細分される。Among them, the casting method includes a pressure casting method, a molten metal addition method, a compocasting method, and PRIMEX CA.
It is subdivided into five, ST ™ and in-situ methods.
【０００４】特に、ｉｎ−ｓｉｔｕ法により作製された
ｉｎ−ｓｉｔｕ複合材は、材料内部（母材中）で反応さ
せた強化材（例えば、２Ｂ＋Ｔｉ＋Ａｌ→ＴｉＢ2 ＋Ａ
ｌ）により母材を複合強化するため、熱力学的に安定で
あり、また、母材中で強化材が反応生成するため、母相
と粒子の界面は汚染されておらず、強固な界面強度が得
られる。さらに、微細な粒子（強化材）が母材中に分散
されているため高特性の複合材を、低コストで得ること
ができる。In particular, an in-situ composite material produced by the in-situ method is a reinforcing material (for example, 2B + Ti + Al → TiB 2 + A) reacted inside the material (in the base material).
Since the base material is compositely reinforced by l), it is thermodynamically stable, and since the reinforcement material is reactively generated in the base material, the interface between the matrix phase and the particles is not contaminated and has a strong interface strength. Is obtained. Further, since fine particles (reinforcing material) are dispersed in the base material, a high-performance composite material can be obtained at low cost.
【０００５】しかしながら、ｉｎ−ｓｉｔｕ反応の制御
が難しく、強化材の偏析が起こり易いという問題があっ
た。However, there is a problem that it is difficult to control the in-situ reaction and segregation of the reinforcing material is likely to occur.
【０００６】そこで本発明は、上記課題を解決し、ｉｎ
−ｓｉｔｕ反応の制御が容易で、強化材を均質分散する
ことができるｉｎ−ｓｉｔｕ複合材製造用カプセル粉末
及びプリフォーム体を提供することにある。Therefore, the present invention solves the above problems by
An object of the present invention is to provide a capsule powder and a preform for producing an in-situ composite material, which can easily control the -situ reaction and can uniformly disperse the reinforcing material.
【０００７】上記課題を解決するために、本発明に係る
ｉｎ−ｓｉｔｕ複合材製造用カプセル粉末は、母材粉末
と共に添加され、ｉｎ−ｓｉｔｕ反応させることで複合
強化材を反応生成させる添加粒子において、上記添加粒
子がカプセル粉末で構成され、そのカプセル粉末の母粒
子を、上記ｉｎ−ｓｉｔｕ反応時に複合強化材を反応生
成する少なくとも１種の粒子で形成し、カプセル粉末の
子粒子を、ｉｎ−ｓｉｔｕ反応しない金属粒子で形成し
たものである。In order to solve the above problems , the present invention relates to
The in-situ composite material manufacturing capsule powder is a base material powder.
It is added to the preparative both complex in Rukoto by in-situ reaction
In the additive particles that react and generate the reinforcing material, the additive particles are composed of capsule powder, and the base particles of the capsule powder
The child is reacted with the composite reinforcing material during the in-situ reaction.
Of at least one type of particles
The child particles are formed of metal particles that do not react in-situ.
It is a thing.
【０００８】請求項２の発明は、上記母材粉末と上記母
粒子とをｉｎ−ｓｉｔｕ反応させるべく、上記子粒子
を、母材粉末以外の金属で、かつ、母粒子とｉｎ−ｓｉ
ｔｕ反応しない金属粒子で形成したものである。According to a second aspect of the invention, the base material powder and the base material are provided.
The above-mentioned child particles for in-situ reaction with particles.
Is a metal other than the base material powder, and the base particles and in-si
It is formed of metal particles that do not react with tu .
【０００９】請求項３の発明は、異種の上記母粒子同士
をｉｎ−ｓｉｔｕ反応させるべく、母粒子を、複種類の
粒子で形成し、上記子粒子を、上記母材粉末と同じ金属
粒子で形成したものである。According to a third aspect of the invention, the mother particles of different types are
In-situ reaction of the mother particles
Formed from particles, and the child particles are made of the same metal as the base material powder.
It is formed of particles .
【００１０】請求項４の発明は、上記母材粉末をＡｌま
たはＡｌ合金で構成したものである。According to a fourth aspect of the invention, the base material powder is Al or Al.
Or an Al alloy .
【００１１】一方、本発明に係るｉｎ−ｓｉｔｕ複合材
製造用プリフォーム体は、母材粉末と添加粒子とで構成
され、ｉｎ−ｓｉｔｕ複合材の製造に用いるプリフォー
ム体であって、上記添加粒子として、請求項１から４い
ずれかに記載のカプセル粉末を用い、該カプセル粉末の
子粒子と母粒子の体積比（子粒子／母粒子）が、ｉｎ−
ｓｉｔｕ反応用加熱源に近付くにつれ増すように、カプ
セル粉末を上記母材粉末中に傾斜配合したものである。 On the other hand, the in-situ composite material according to the present invention
The preform for production is composed of base material powder and additive particles
Preform used in the manufacture of in-situ composites
5. The particles of claim 1, wherein the added particles are particles.
Using the capsule powder described in any one of
The volume ratio of the child particles and the mother particles (child particles / mother particles) is in-
As the heating source for the in situ reaction approaches, the cap
A cell powder is mixed in the above base material powder in an inclined manner .
【００１２】請求項６の発明は、上記ｉｎ−ｓｉｔｕ反
応用加熱源が、レーザ、アークなどである。 [0012] The invention of claim 6, the in-situ reaction heating source, a laser, Ru arc Nadodea.
【００１３】以上の構成によれば、母材中にｉｎ−ｓｉ
ｔｕ反応させるべく添加する添加粒子を、母粒子と子粒
子とからなるカプセル粉末で形成し、このカプセル粉末
を母材粉末中に傾斜配合してプリフォーム体を形成する
ことで、ｉｎ−ｓｉｔｕ反応の制御が容易で、複合強化
材を、母相中に偏析なく均質分散することができる。 According to the above construction, in-si is added to the base material.
The additive particles child to be added in order to tu react to form a capsule powder of the matrix particles and the daughter particles, the capsule powder
To form a preform body
It is, is easy to control the in-situ reaction, the composite reinforcement, Ru can segregation without homogeneously dispersed in the matrix phase.
【００１４】以下、本発明の実施の形態を説明する。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below.
【００１５】本発明のｉｎ−ｓｉｔｕ複合材製造用カプ
セル粉末の模式図を図１に示す。A schematic view of the capsule powder for producing an in-situ composite material of the present invention is shown in FIG.
【００１６】図１に示すように、本発明のｉｎ−ｓｉｔ
ｕ複合材製造用カプセル粉末１は、母材（図示せず）中
に強化材（図示せず）をｉｎ−ｓｉｔｕ反応により生じ
させて母材を複合強化すべく、母材粉末と共に添加する
強化用の添加粒子を、母粒子２と、各母粒子２の周囲に
カプセル化される子粒子３で形成したものである。As shown in FIG. 1, the in-situ of the present invention is shown.
u composite material manufacturing capsule powders 1, matrix reinforcement while (not shown) material (not shown) to thereby resulting <br/> is by in-situ reaction in order to composite strengthen the base material, the base material powder the particles added for enhanced added to preparative both, and forming a child particles 3 and the mother particles 2, is encapsulated around each mother particle 2.
【００１７】母粒子２は、ｉｎ−ｓｉｔｕ反応時に複合
強化材を反応生成する少なくとも１種の粒子で形成さ
れ、金属、非金属、金属化合物、または非金属化合物の
粉末からなるものである。また、子粒子３は、ｉｎ−ｓ
ｉｔｕ反応しない金属粒子で形成したものである。具体
的には、母材粉末以外の金属で、かつ、母粒子２とｉｎ
−ｓｉｔｕ反応しない金属粒子、又は母材粉末と同じ金
属粒子で形成したものである。The mother particles 2 are complexed during the in-situ reaction.
Formed of at least one particle that reactively produces a reinforcement
Are, Ru der made of powdered metal, nonmetal, metal compound, or non-metallic compound. Moreover, the child particle 3 is in-s
It is formed of metal particles that do not undergo in situ reaction. Concrete
Specifically, it is a metal other than the base material powder,
-Metal particles that do not react in situ, or the same gold as the base metal powder
It is formed of metal particles .
【００１８】添加粒子は、単一の母粒子２を用いて（例
えば、ＳｉＯ2 粉末のみを母粒子として）形成したカプ
セル粉末１に特に限定するものではなく、ｉｎ−ｓｉｔ
ｕ反応に応じて、種類の異なる複種類の母粒子２を用い
て（例えば、ＳｉＣ粉末とＴｉ粉末をそれぞれ母粒子２
として用いて）形成したカプセル粉末であってもよいこ
とは言うまでもない。The additive particles are not particularly limited to the capsule powder 1 formed by using the single mother particles 2 (for example, only SiO 2 powder is used as the mother particles), and the in-situ particles are not particularly limited.
Depending on the u reaction, a plurality of different types of mother particles 2 are used (for example, SiC powder and Ti powder are used as mother particles 2 respectively).
It goes without saying that it may be a capsule powder formed ( used as ).
【００１９】本発明のｉｎ−ｓｉｔｕ複合材製造用プリ
フォーム体の模式図を図２に示す。FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a preform for producing an in-situ composite material according to the present invention.
【００２０】図２に示すように、ｉｎ−ｓｉｔｕ複合材
製造用プリフォーム体１１は、母材粉末と図１に示した
カプセル粉末１（添加粒子）とで構成され、カプセル粉
末１における子粒子３と母粒子２の体積比（子粒子／母
粒子）が、加熱源（ｉｎ−ｓｉｔｕ反応用加熱源）５に
近付くにつれ増すように、カプセル粉末１の子粒子３の
量を加熱源５からの距離に応じて変化させて母材粉末４
中に傾斜配合し、その傾斜配合したものを圧粉成形した
ものである。As shown in FIG. 2, the preform body 11 for producing an in-situ composite material is shown in FIG.
The capsule powder 1 (additional particles) and the volume ratio of the child particles 3 and the mother particles 2 (child particles / mother particles) in the capsule powder 1 approaches the heating source (heating source for in-situ reaction) 5 In order to increase the amount, the amount of the child particles 3 of the capsule powder 1 is changed according to the distance from the heating source 5, and the base material powder 4 is added.
Inclined formulated into, a material obtained by the inclined blending is obtained by compacting.
【００２１】加熱源５としては、特に限定するものでは
ないが、プリフォーム体１１全体を溶解するのではな
く、プリフォーム体１１を部分溶解することが可能なレ
ーザ、アーク等が好ましい。The heating source 5 is not particularly limited, but a laser, an arc or the like capable of partially melting the preform body 11 rather than melting the entire preform body 11 is preferable.
【００２２】次に、本発明の作用を説明する。Next, the operation of the present invention will be described.
【００２３】本発明で言うｉｎ−ｓｉｔｕ複合材とは、
Ａｌを主成分とした粒子分散強化合金において、その分
散粒子が母相Ａｌ中で化学反応によって晶出または析出
したものであり、したがって、それらの分散粒子はＡｌ
との濡れ性が良好である。このような反応は、溶融金属
中において溶質元素が熱力学的に安定な状態、即ちギブ
スの標準生成自由エネルギーが低い状態をとることによ
って起こる。The in-situ composite material referred to in the present invention is
In a particle dispersion strengthened alloy containing Al as a main component, the dispersed particles are crystallized or precipitated in the matrix Al by a chemical reaction.
Has good wettability with. Such a reaction occurs when the solute element is thermodynamically stable in the molten metal, that is, the Gibbs standard free energy of formation is low.
【００２４】酸化物の標準生成自由エネルギー温度図を
図３に示す。図中における横軸は温度を示し、縦軸はギ
ブスの標準生成自由エネルギーを示している。A standard free energy temperature diagram of oxide formation is shown in FIG. In the figure, the horizontal axis represents temperature and the vertical axis represents Gibbs standard free energy of formation.
【００２５】図３に示すように、母相Ａｌ中にＡｌ2 Ｏ
3 （図中、標準生成自由エネルギー温度線Ｂで表され
る）を生成させたい場合には、Ａｌ中で溶融し、かつ、
標準生成自由エネルギーがＡｌ2 Ｏ3 よりも高い添加粒
子（例えば、標準生成自由エネルギー温度線Ａで表され
るＳｉＯ2 ）を母相Ａｌ中に添加すると、
というようなｉｎ−ｓｉｔｕ反応を起こす。As shown in FIG. 3, Al 2 O is contained in the matrix Al.
3 (represented by the standard free energy temperature line of formation B in the figure) is melted in Al, and
When additive particles having a higher standard free energy of formation than Al 2 O 3 (for example, SiO 2 represented by the standard free energy temperature line A) are added to the matrix Al, Such an in-situ reaction occurs.
【００２６】上記した(1)式の場合、先ず、強化材とな
るＡｌ2 Ｏ3 をＡｌ母材中にｉｎ−ｓｉｔｕ反応により
生じさせるべく、Ａｌ母材中に添加する添加粒子を母粒
子と子粒子とからなるカプセル粉末とし、ＳｉＯ2 粉末
を母粒子、母材粉末以外の金属で、かつ、母粒子とｉｎ
−ｓｉｔｕ反応しない金属粒子（ここではＣｕ粉末）を
子粒子とする。In the case of the above (1), first, the in-situ reaction of Al 2 O 3 serving as a reinforcing material in the Al matrix
In order to generate , the additive particles to be added to the Al base material are capsule powders composed of the base particles and the child particles, the SiO 2 powder is the base particles, a metal other than the base material powder, and
-Metal particles that do not react in situ (Cu powder here) are used as child particles.
【００２７】次に、このカプセル粉末を母材粉末と共に
固形化してプリフォームを製造する際に、カプセル粉末
における子粒子と母粒子の体積比（子粒子／母粒子）
が、加熱源に近付くにつれ増すように、カプセル粉末の
子粒子の量を加熱源からの距離に応じて変化させて母材
粉末中に傾斜配合する。Next, when this capsule powder is solidified together with the base material powder to produce a preform, the volume ratio of the child particles to the mother particles in the capsule powder (child particles / mother particles).
However, the amount of the child particles of the capsule powder is changed in accordance with the distance from the heating source so that the amount increases as the temperature approaches the heating source, and the powder is gradually compounded in the base material powder.
【００２８】その後、このカプセル粉末と母材粉末を傾
斜配合したものを圧粉成形し、プリフォーム体を作製す
る。Then, a preform is produced by compacting a mixture of the capsule powder and the base material powder in an inclined mixture.
【００２９】カプセル粉末と母材粉末を傾斜配合したも
のの圧粉成形方法は特に限定するものではなく、例え
ば、ＣＩＰなどに代表される各種の金属粉末成形法が挙
げられる。There are no particular restrictions on the method of powder compaction of the powder in which the capsule powder and the base material powder are mixed in a gradient manner, and examples thereof include various metal powder molding methods represented by CIP and the like.
【００３０】すなわち、本発明のｉｎ−ｓｉｔｕ複合材
製造用カプセル粉末においては、母材粉末と共に添加す
る添加粒子を、母粒子と子粒子とからなるカプセル粉末
で形成し、ｉｎ−ｓｉｔｕ反応時に複合強化材を反応生
成する母粒子の周囲にカプセル化される子粒子として、
母材中でｉｎ−ｓｉｔｕ反応しない金属粒子、具体的に
は、母材粉末と同じ金属粒子を用いることで、ｉｎ−ｓ
ｉｔｕ反応時に、子粒子による母材に対する影響が無く
なる。また、子粒子として、母材粉末以外の金属で、か
つ、母粒子とｉｎ−ｓｉｔｕ反応しない金属粒子を用い
ることで、ｉｎ−ｓｉｔｕ反応時に、子粒子が強化材の
生成を妨げることがなくなる。 [0030] ie upon in-situ composite material manufacturing capsules Powder of the present invention, the additive particles to be added to the base powder co form a capsule powder of the mother particle and the child particles, in -Reinforce composite reinforcement during in situ reaction
As a child particle that is encapsulated around the formed mother particle,
Metal particles that do not undergo in-situ reaction in the base material , specifically
By using the same metal particles as the base material powder,
There is no influence of the child particles on the base material during the in situ reaction
Become. Also, as a child particle, a metal other than the base material powder,
Using metal particles that do not react in-situ with mother particles
By doing so, during the in-situ reaction, the child particles become the reinforcing material.
It does not interfere with generation.
【００３１】また、カプセル粒子（粉末）と母材粒子
（粉末）を配合したものを圧粉成形してなるプリフォー
ム体を、加熱源を用いて加熱し、ｉｎ−ｓｉｔｕ反応さ
せる際において、加熱源の近くは温度が高く、ｉｎ−ｓ
ｉｔｕ反応が進行し易い。そこで、加熱源から遠いカプ
セル粉末の子粒子の量よりも、加熱源に近いカプセル粉
末の子粒子の量を多くし、カプセル粉末における子粒子
と母粒子の体積比（子粒子／母粒子）が、加熱源に近付
くにつれ増すようにしている。これによって、加熱時に
おけるｉｎ−ｓｉｔｕ反応の局所的な反応（進行）を抑
制・制御できると共に、プリフォーム体全体において均
一にｉｎ−ｓｉｔｕ反応させることができる。その結
果、偏析がなく均質なｉｎ−ｓｉｔｕ複合材を得ること
ができる。 Capsule particles (powder) and base material particles
A preform body obtained by compacting a powder blended with (powder) is heated by using a heating source to react in-situ.
When heating, the temperature is high near the heating source and
The in situ reaction is easy to proceed . Therefore, than the amount of the daughter particles far capsule powders from the heating source, to increase the amount of the daughter particles of the capsule the powder close to the heat source, the daughter particles in the capsule powder
And the volume ratio of mother particles (child particles / mother particles) approaches the heating source
I try to increase as I go. By this, when heating
It is possible to suppress and control the local reaction (progression) of the in-situ reaction in the preform body, and to uniformly perform the in-situ reaction in the entire preform body. That conclusion
As a result, obtaining a homogeneous in-situ composite material without segregation
You can
【００３２】（実施例）
マトリックス（母材）として平均粒径が１００μｍのＡ
ｌ粉末、添加粒子として母粒子がＴｉ粉末、子粒子がＡ
ｌ粉末からなり、かつ、平均粒径が２０μｍのＴｉカプ
セル粉末、および母粒子がＳｉＣ粉末、子粒子がＡｌ粉
末からなり、かつ、平均粒径が２０μｍのＳｉＣカプセ
ル粉末を用い、Ａｌ粉末：Ｔｉカプセル粉末：ＳｉＣカ
プセル粉末の配合比が６０：２０：２０となるように配
合する。ここで、各カプセル粉末の子粒子としては、母
材粉末と同じ金属粒子を用いる。 (Example) A having a mean particle size of 100 μm as a matrix (base material)
l powder, mother particles as additive particles are Ti powder, and child particles are A particles
consist l powder, and, Ti capsule powder having an average particle size of 20 [mu] m, and the mother particles SiC powder, the child particle is made of Al powder, and an average particle size using SiC capsules powder 20 [mu] m, Al powder: Ti It mix | blends so that the compounding ratio of a capsule powder: SiC capsule powder may be set to 60:20:20. Here, as the child particles of each capsule powder,
The same metal particles as the material powder are used.
【００３３】この時、加熱源から近い方のＴｉカプセル
粉末およびＳｉＣカプセル粉末における子粒子と母粒子
の体積比（子粒子／母粒子）が、加熱源から遠い方のＴ
ｉカプセル粉末およびＳｉＣカプセル粉末における子粒
子と母粒子の体積比（子粒子／母粒子）よりも大きくな
るように、各カプセル粉末をＡｌ粉末中に傾斜配合す
る。At this time, the volume ratio of the child particles to the mother particles (child particles / mother particles) in the Ti capsule powder and the SiC capsule powder closer to the heating source is T that is farther from the heating source.
Each capsule powder is mixed in the Al powder in an inclined manner so as to be larger than the volume ratio (child particles / mother particles) of the child particles and the mother particles in the i capsule powder and the SiC capsule powder.
【００３４】その後、Ａｌ粉末、Ｔｉカプセル粉末、お
よびＳｉＣカプセル粉末を配合してなるものを圧粉成形
する。その圧粉体に電流１５０Ａ、電圧２０ＶのＴＩＧ
交流電源により１分間アーク溶解を施すことによって、
Ａｌ母材中にＴｉＣがｉｎ−ｓｉｔｕ生成する。After that, a mixture of Al powder, Ti capsule powder, and SiC capsule powder is compacted. TIG with a current of 150 A and a voltage of 20 V is applied to the green compact.
By arc melting for 1 minute with an AC power source,
TiC is generated in-situ in the Al base material.
【００３５】（比較例）
マトリックス（母材）として平均粒径が１００μｍのＡ
ｌ粉末、添加粒子として平均粒径が２０μｍのＴｉ粉
末、および平均粒径が２０μｍのＳｉＣ粉末を用い、Ａ
ｌ粉末：Ｔｉ粉末：ＳｉＣ粉末の配合比が６０：２０：
２０となるように配合する。(Comparative Example) A having an average particle size of 100 μm as a matrix (base material)
1 powder, Ti powder having an average particle size of 20 μm as added particles , and SiC powder having an average particle size of 20 μm were used.
1 powder: Ti powder: SiC powder compounding ratio is 60:20:
Blend so that it will be 20.
【００３６】その後、Ａｌ粉末、Ｔｉ粉末、およびＳｉ
Ｃ粉末を配合してなるものを圧粉成形する。その圧粉成
形体（プリフォーム体）に電流１５０Ａ、電圧２０Ｖの
ＴＩＧ交流電源により１分間通電加熱を施すことによっ
て、Ａｌ母材中にＴｉＣがｉｎ−ｓｉｔｕ生成する。After that, Al powder, Ti powder, and Si powder
A mixture of C powder is compacted. The dust formed
Current 150A to form body (preform) by applying electrical heating for 1 minute by TIG AC power supply voltage 20V, TiC is in-situ generated in the Al matrix.
【００３７】実施例および比較例におけるｉｎ−ｓｉｔ
ｕ反応は、
ｌ＋ＳｉＣ＋Ｔｉ→Ａｌ＋ＴｉＣ＋Ｓｉ＋ΔＱ…(2)
（ΔＱ：ＳｉＣ＋Ｔｉ→ＴｉＣ＋Ｓｉに伴い発生するジ
ュール熱）
である。In-sit in Examples and Comparative Examples
The u reaction is l + SiC + Ti → Al + TiC + Si + ΔQ (2) (ΔQ: Joule heat generated with SiC + Ti → TiC + Si).
【００３８】炭化物の標準生成自由エネルギー温度図を
図４に示す。図中における横軸は温度を示し、縦軸はギ
ブスの標準生成自由エネルギーを示し、曲線ＣはＳｉＣ
の標準生成自由エネルギー温度線を示し、曲線ＤはＡｌ
4 Ｃ3 の標準生成自由エネルギー温度線を示し、曲線Ｅ
はＴｉＣの標準生成自由エネルギー温度線を示してい
る。A standard free energy temperature chart for formation of carbide is shown in FIG. In the figure, the horizontal axis represents temperature, the vertical axis represents Gibbs standard free energy of formation, and the curve C represents SiC.
Of the standard free energy of formation energy curve of
A standard free energy of formation temperature curve of 4 C 3 is shown and a curve E is shown.
Shows the standard free energy of formation temperature curve for TiC.
【００３９】図４に示すように、０℃〜約２，８００℃
の温度域に亘って、曲線Ｃで表されるＳｉＣの標準生成
自由エネルギー温度線よりも、曲線Ｅで表されるＴｉＣ
の標準生成自由エネルギー温度線の方が、下方に位置し
ていることからわかるように、ＳｉＣよりもＴｉＣの方
がエネルギー的に安定である。これによって、上記した
(2)式の反応が起こる。As shown in FIG. 4, 0 ° C. to about 2,800 ° C.
Over the temperature range of, the TiC represented by the curve E rather than the standard formation free energy temperature curve of SiC represented by the curve C.
Towards the standard free energy isothermal line of, as can be seen from the fact that is located below, it is energetically stable towards TiC than SiC. By this, above
The reaction of formula (2) occurs.
【００４０】ここで、実施例において、子粒子としてＡ
ｌ粉末を選択したのは、Ａｌマトリックス中に添加して
も影響が無い点、およびｉｎ−ｓｉｔｕ反応によって生
成する強化材であるＴｉＣが、Ａｌの炭化物（Ａｌ4 Ｃ
3 ）よりもエネルギー的に安定である（０℃〜約２，８
００℃の温度域に亘って、曲線Ｄで表されるＡｌ4 Ｃ3
の標準生成自由エネルギー温度線よりも、曲線Ｅで表さ
れるＴｉＣの標準生成自由エネルギー温度線の方が、下
方に位置している）ためである。Here, in the examples, A was used as the child particles.
1 powder was selected because it has no effect even when added to the Al matrix, and TiC, which is a reinforcing material generated by the in-situ reaction, is a carbide of Al (Al 4 C
More energy stable than ( 3 ) (0 ° C to about 2,8)
Al 4 C 3 represented by the curve D over the temperature range of 00 ° C
Than the standard free energy isothermal line, towards the standard free energy isothermal line of TiC it represented by the curve E is located below) because it is.
【００４１】実施例におけるｉｎ−ｓｉｔｕ複合材の金
属組織顕光学微鏡写真を図５に示す。比較例におけるｉ
ｎ−ｓｉｔｕ複合材の金属組織光学顕微鏡写真を図６に
示す。ここで、図５および図６の写真の倍率は、ともに
２５倍であり、一目盛りの長さは２００μｍである。A metallographic microscopic photograph of the in-situ composite material in the example is shown in FIG. I in the comparative example
A metallographic optical micrograph of the n-situ composite material is shown in FIG. Here, the magnifications of the photographs of FIGS. 5 and 6 are both 25 times, and the length of one scale is 200 μm.
【００４２】図５に示すように、本発明のｉｎ−ｓｉｔ
ｕ複合材製造用カプセル粉末及びプリフォーム体を用い
て作製した実施例におけるｉｎ−ｓｉｔｕ複合材は、Ａ
ｌ母相６中に強化材であるＴｉＣ粒子７が均一に分散し
ており、均質なｉｎ−ｓｉｔｕ複合材が得られる。As shown in FIG. 5, the in-situ of the present invention is shown.
The in-situ composite material in the example prepared by using the capsule powder for producing the u composite material and the preform body is A
The TiC particles 7 that are the reinforcing material are uniformly dispersed in the mother phase 6 to obtain a homogeneous in-situ composite material.
【００４３】これに対して、図６に示すように、比較例
における従来の製造方法によるｉｎ−ｓｉｔｕ複合材
は、Ａｌ母相６中に、強化材であるＴｉＣ粒子７が偏析
して分散しており、ｉｎ−ｓｉｔｕ複合材は不均質とな
っている。On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 6, in the in-situ composite material manufactured by the conventional manufacturing method in the comparative example, TiC particles 7 as a reinforcing material are segregated and dispersed in the Al matrix phase 6. The in-situ composite material is heterogeneous.
【００４４】本発明のｉｎ−ｓｉｔｕ複合材製造用カプ
セル粉末及びプリフォーム体を用いて作製したｉｎ−ｓ
ｉｔｕ複合材は、ピストン（特に、ピストン燃焼室リッ
プ部、リング溝部など）、コネクティングロッド、スプ
リングリテーナ、シリンダブロック（特に、Ｃ／Ｈ（シ
リンダヘッド）のバルブポート間、バルブシートな
ど）、ダンパプーリ等の耐熱・耐摩耗性が要求されるＡ
ｌ合金部品に適用することができる。In-s prepared by using the capsule powder for producing an in-situ composite material and the preform of the present invention
Itu composite materials include pistons (especially piston combustion chamber lip, ring groove, etc.), connecting rods, spring retainers, cylinder blocks (especially between C / H (cylinder head) valve ports, valve seats, etc.), damper pulleys, etc. A that requires heat resistance and wear resistance
It can be applied to alloy parts.
【００４５】以上要するに本発明によれば、次のような
優れた効果を発揮する。In summary, according to the present invention, the following excellent effects are exhibited.
【００４６】（１） 母材粉末と共に添加する添加粒子
を、母粒子と子粒子とからなるカプセル粉末で形成し、
子粒子として、母材粉末と同じ金属粒子を用いること
で、ｉｎ−ｓｉｔｕ反応時に、子粒子による母材粉末に
対する影響が無くなる。 (1) The additive particles to be added together with the base material powder are formed of capsule powder composed of mother particles and child particles ,
Use the same metal particles as the parent material powder as the child particles
Then, during the in-situ reaction,
The influence on it disappears.
【００４７】（２） また、子粒子として、母材粉末以
外の金属で、かつ、母粒子とｉｎ−ｓｉｔｕ反応しない
金属粒子を用いることで、子粒子が強化材の生成を妨げ
ることがなくなる。 (2) Further , as the child particles, the base material powder
Outside the metal, and by using the mother particles and in-situ reaction and not the metal particles prevents the generation of daughter particles is strengthened material
Will not be lost.
【００４８】（３） カプセル粒子（粉末）と母材粒子
（粉末）を配合したものを圧粉成形してなるプリフォー
ム体において、加熱源から遠いカプセル粉末の子粒子の
量よりも加熱源に近いカプセル粉末の子粒子の量を多く
し、カプセル粉末における子粒子と母粒子の体積比（子
粒子／母粒子）が、加熱源に近付くにつれ増すようにし
た傾斜配合としている。これによって、加熱時における
ｉｎ−ｓｉｔｕ反応の局所的な反応（進行）を抑制・制
御できると共に、プリフォーム体全体において均一にｉ
ｎ−ｓｉｔｕ反応させることができる。その結果、偏析
がなく均質なｉｎ−ｓｉｔｕ複合材を得ることができ
る。 (3) Capsule particles (powder) and base material particles
In a preform body formed by compacting a mixture of (powder) , the amount of child particles of the capsule powder closer to the heating source is larger than the amount of child particles of the capsule powder far from the heating source.
Then, the volume ratio of the child particles to the mother particles in the capsule powder (child
The gradient formulation is such that the particles / mother particles increase as they approach the heating source . As a result , the local reaction (progress) of the in-situ reaction during heating can be suppressed and controlled, and the i-situ can be uniformly distributed over the entire preform.
An n-situ reaction can be performed. As a result, segregation
Free of homogeneous in-situ composites
It
【００４９】[0049]
【図１】 本発明のｉｎ−ｓｉｔｕ複合材製造用カプセ
ル粉末の模式図である。FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a capsule powder for producing an in-situ composite material of the present invention.
【図２】 本発明のｉｎ−ｓｉｔｕ複合材製造用プリフ
ォーム体の模式図である。FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a preform body for producing an in-situ composite material of the present invention.
【図３】 酸化物の標準生成自由エネルギー温度図であ
る。FIG. 3 is a standard formation free energy temperature diagram of an oxide.
【図４】 炭化物の標準生成自由エネルギー温度図であ
る。FIG. 4 is a standard free energy temperature diagram for formation of carbides.
【図５】 実施例におけるｉｎ−ｓｉｔｕ複合材の金属
組織光学顕微鏡写真である。FIG. 5 is a metallographic optical micrograph of an in-situ composite material in Example.
【図６】 比較例におけるｉｎ−ｓｉｔｕ複合材の金属
組織光学顕微鏡写真である。FIG. 6 is a metallographic optical micrograph of an in-situ composite material in a comparative example.
【００５０】 １ カプセル粉末 ２ 母粒子 ３ 子粒子 ４ 母材粉末 ５ 加熱源（ｉｎ−ｓｉｔｕ反応用加熱源）[0050] 1 capsule powder 2 mother particles 3 child particles 4 Base material powder 5 Heat source (heat source for in-situ reaction)
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 小池 朝夫 神奈川県藤沢市土棚８番地 株式会社い すゞ中央研究所内 (72)発明者 元吉 正人 神奈川県藤沢市土棚８番地 株式会社い すゞ中央研究所内 (56)参考文献 特表 平７−502938（ＪＰ，Ａ) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7，ＤＢ名) B22F 9/02 B22F 1/02 C22C 1/10 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Asao Koike, No. 8 Tsutana, Fujisawa City, Kanagawa Prefecture Isuzu Central Research Institute Co., Ltd. (72) Masato Motoyoshi, No. 8 Tsutana, Fujisawa City, Kanagawa Isuzu Central Research Co., Ltd. In-house (56) References Tokuhyo 7-502938 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int.Cl. 7 , DB name) B22F 9/02 B22F 1/02 C22C 1/10
Claims (6)
ｕ反応させることで複合強化材を反応生成させる添加粒
子において、上記添加粒子がカプセル粉末で構成され、
そのカプセル粉末の母粒子を、上記ｉｎ−ｓｉｔｕ反応
時に複合強化材を反応生成する少なくとも１種の粒子で
形成し、カプセル粉末の子粒子を、ｉｎ−ｓｉｔｕ反応
しない金属粒子で形成したことを特徴とするｉｎ−ｓｉ
ｔｕ複合材製造用カプセル粉末。1. A are added to the base powder and co, in-calling sit
In addition particles reacting generate a composite reinforcement in Rukoto is u reacting, the additive particles are constituted by a capsule powder,
The mother particles of the capsule powder are subjected to the above in-situ reaction.
At least one type of particle that sometimes reacts to form a composite reinforcement
Forming and forming capsule powder child particles in-situ reaction
In -si characterized by being formed of non-metallic particles
A capsule powder for producing a tu composite material.
ｉｔｕ反応させるべく、上記子粒子を、母材粉末以外の
金属で、かつ、母粒子とｉｎ−ｓｉｔｕ反応しない金属
粒子で形成した請求項１記載のｉｎ−ｓｉｔｕ複合材製
造用カプセル粉末。2. The base material powder and the base particles are in-s.
In order to carry out the in situ reaction,
Metal that is a metal and does not react with mother particles in-situ
The capsule powder for producing an in-situ composite material according to claim 1, which is formed of particles .
反応させるべく、母粒子を、複種類の粒子で形成し、上
記子粒子を、上記母材粉末と同じ金属粒子で形成した請
求項１記載のｉｎ−ｓｉｔｕ複合材製造用カプセル粉
末。3. The different types of mother particles are in-situ.
In order to react, the mother particles are made up of multiple types of particles, and
The capsule powder for producing an in-situ composite material according to claim 1, wherein the score particles are formed of the same metal particles as the base material powder.
成した請求項１から３いずれかに記載のｉｎ−ｓｉｔｕ
複合材製造用カプセル粉末。 4. The base material powder is made of Al or an Al alloy.
The in-situ according to any one of claims 1 to 3
Capsule powder for manufacturing composite materials.
−ｓｉｔｕ複合材の製造に用いるプリフォーム体であっ
て、上記添加粒子として、請求項１から４いずれかに記
載のカプセル粉末を用い、該カプセル粉末の子粒子と母
粒子の体積比（子粒子／母粒子）が、ｉｎ−ｓｉｔｕ反
応用加熱源に近付くにつれ増すように、カプセル粉末を
上記母材粉末中に傾斜配合したことを特徴とするｉｎ−
ｓｉｔｕ複合材製造用プリフォーム体。5. A base material powder and additive particles are included,
-A preform used in the manufacture of in situ composites
As described in any one of claims 1 to 4,
Using the above-mentioned capsule powder, the child particles and mother of the capsule powder
The volume ratio of particles (child particles / mother particles) is in-situ
Apply capsule powder so that it increases as it approaches the heating source.
In-characterized by gradient blending in the base material powder
Preform body for producing in situ composite material.
ーザ、アークなどである請求項５記載のｉｎ−ｓｉｔｕ
複合材製造用プリフォーム体。6. The in-situ according to claim 5 , wherein the heating source for the in-situ reaction is a laser, an arc or the like.
Preform body for manufacturing composite materials.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP03141797A JP3503390B2 (en) | 1997-01-31 | 1997-01-31 | Capsule powder and preform for in-situ composite material production |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP03141797A JP3503390B2 (en) | 1997-01-31 | 1997-01-31 | Capsule powder and preform for in-situ composite material production |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH10219310A JPH10219310A (en) | 1998-08-18 |
| JP3503390B2 true JP3503390B2 (en) | 2004-03-02 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP03141797A Expired - Fee Related JP3503390B2 (en) | 1997-01-31 | 1997-01-31 | Capsule powder and preform for in-situ composite material production |
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| JP (1) | JP3503390B2 (en) |
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| US9896944B2 (en) * | 2014-04-18 | 2018-02-20 | Siemens Energy, Inc. | Forming a secondary structure directly onto a turbine blade |
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| US5156697A (en) * | 1989-09-05 | 1992-10-20 | Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System | Selective laser sintering of parts by compound formation of precursor powders |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH10219310A (en) | 1998-08-18 |
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