JP3502003B2 - Multiple access communication device - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a multiple access communication device, and more particularly to a multiple access using a CDMA system or the like in which array antennas are used to set a transmission / reception direction for each of a plurality of individual communication paths capable of multiple access. Regarding a communication device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art For example, code division multiple access (CDMA:
In mobile communication with multiple access using the Code Division Multiplex Access method, conventionally, a single antenna with fixed directional characteristics is used to radiate transmitted radio waves over a wide area and receive radio waves from each direction for communication. Was going on. FIG. 21 shows a block diagram of a main part of an example (first example) of such a multiple access communication device. The multiple access communication device of the first example converts transmission information signals TX1 and TX2 (these have assigned codes) in a transmission information band according to a CDMA system or the like into a transmission signal in a radio frequency band, amplifies the signals, It supplies to the single antenna 60 via the transmission / reception duplexer 53,
The transmission system radiating as the transmission radio waves TW1 and TW2 and the transmitted radio waves RW1 and RW2 are received by the antenna 60 and transmitted to the receiver 52 via the transmission / reception duplexer 53, and the radio frequency band is transmitted by the receiver 52. And a receiving system for converting the received signals of 1 to the received information signals RX1 and RX2 of the received information band (same as the transmitted information band) and outputting. In this first example, a single antenna 60 having a fixed directional characteristic is used,
Since the transmission radio waves are radiated over a wide range, the transmission power is large, and since a plurality of communications are simultaneously performed in the same transmission / reception range, interference between the communications also increases. Therefore, a method has been studied in which an array antenna in which a plurality of antenna elements are arranged is used, and the transmission / reception direction of the radio wave is determined for each communication to perform communication.

FIG. 22 is a block diagram showing an example (second conventional example) of a multiple access communication apparatus using such an array antenna. In this second example, a plurality of antenna elements 11 are arranged, and radiate a transmission radio wave (TW1, TW2) based on the supplied transmission signal in the radio frequency band,
The array antenna unit 10 that receives the transmitted radio waves (RW1, RW2) and outputs the reception signal in the radio frequency band, and the above-mentioned first antenna provided for each antenna element 11 of the array antenna unit 10. A transmitter / receiver 50 including a transmitter 51a, a receiver 52a, and a transmitter / receiver 53a, similar to the example of FIG.
And a directivity control element 21 for transmission and a directivity control element 22 for reception for each antenna element for each individual communication, and controls the antenna directivity characteristic information of each transmission information signal TX1 and TX2 for transmission. The radio waves TW1 and TW2 transmitted from the array antenna unit 10 by controlling the directivity of
An antenna directivity control unit 20 for controlling the directivity for radio waves (RW1, RW2) received by the array antenna unit 10 by controlling the antenna directivity characteristic information included in the reception information signal from each receiver 52a. Has become. In the second example, the transmission radio wave (TW
1, TW2) can be controlled and the radio waves can be concentrated in a specific direction, so that the transmission power can be reduced and the directivity for the received radio waves RW1 and RW2 can also be controlled. Since it is possible to receive radio waves from a specific direction, it is possible to reduce interference between individual communications.

[0004]

In this conventional multiple access communication device, in the second example, a plurality of antenna elements 1 are used.
An array antenna unit 10 in which 1 is arranged and an antenna directivity control unit 20 are provided, and the directivity of the transmission radio waves (TW1, TW2) and the reception radio wave (RW) are set for each communication.
1, RW2) can be controlled to transmit and receive in a specific direction, so that transmission power is reduced and inter-communication interference is reduced as compared with the first example using a single antenna. However, since the transmitter / receiver 50 including the transmitter 51a, the receiver 52a, and the transmitter / receiver 53a is provided for each of the plurality of antenna elements 11, the amplitude characteristics and the phase between the transmitter / receivers 50 are different. There is a problem in that the characteristics of the characteristics vary with time and adversely affect the directivity, and the effect of reducing the transmission power and the effect of reducing the interference between communications cannot be sufficiently obtained. The plurality of antenna elements 11
The difference between the characteristics can be corrected by measuring the characteristics in advance, and the correcting means is usually provided for each antenna element.

Such a problem also exists in a phased array radar, etc., but in the radar, the transmission / reception signal is intermittent and is not always continuously used. Therefore, in the meantime, the transmission system using the reference signal is used. Also, the amplitude characteristic and the phase characteristic of the receiving system are controlled, and the respective characteristics of the transmitting system and the receiving system for each antenna element are aligned. However, in the multiple access communication device, since it is necessary to keep the continuous use state at all times,
You cannot use the interval like the above radar.

In view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to control the amplitude characteristics and phase characteristics of the receiving system and the transmitting system for each antenna element even in the continuous continuous use state, and to control the receiving system. , Multiple access that can remove amplitude error and phase error individually generated in the transmission system, can secure good antenna directivity characteristics, and can achieve sufficient transmission power reduction effect and inter-communication interference reduction effect To provide a communication device.

[0007]

A multiple-access communication device of the present invention uses an array antenna to transmit a transmission radio wave to each of a plurality of individual communication paths capable of multiple access, and to transmit the radio waves. A multiple access communication device that sets a reception direction for radio waves and performs communication, and is characterized by having the following configurations in order to achieve the above object. (A) A plurality of antenna elements are arranged, and transmission directivity is set for each of the plurality of individual communication paths based on the transmission signal in the radio frequency band supplied to each of the plurality of antenna elements. While transmitting radio waves,
An array that receives the transmitted radio waves with each of the plurality of antenna elements and outputs them as radio frequency band reception signals.
Antenna unit (b) Corresponding to each of the plurality of antenna elements of the array antenna unit by converting the transmission information signal of each of the plurality of individual communication paths into the transmission signal of the radio frequency band. A plurality of transmitters (c) provided to correspond to each of the plurality of antenna elements of the array antenna unit, and receive the radio frequency band received signals from the corresponding antenna elements by the plurality of individual antenna elements. A plurality of receivers for converting the received information signals of the respective communication paths (d) The antenna directivity information of the radio frequency band transmission signals supplied to the plurality of antenna elements of the array antenna section, respectively. While controlling for each communication path of, the directivity for the radio waves received by the array antenna unit is set for each of the plurality of individual communication paths, Control antenna directivity control unit (e) A reference signal having the same frequency band as the frequency band of the transmission information signal and the reception information signal, and a reception signal of the radio frequency band based on a local oscillation signal for controlling the reception system. Converted to a signal in the same frequency band and introduced into the reception signal transmission line of the radio frequency band of each of the plurality of antenna elements of the array antenna section, and from this introduction part, the reception information via the corresponding receiver Amplitude characteristics and phase characteristics with respect to the reference signal in the reception system signal path up to the output end of the signal,
Control is performed to subtract the reference signal portion of the reception information signal output end from the signal near the reception information signal output end of the reception system signal path by subtracting the input end signal of the reference signal. By doing so, a plurality of receiving system amplitude / phase control / reference signal removing means (f) for making the plurality of receiving system signal paths equal to each other are provided, and the receiving system controlling local oscillation signal is generated to generate the plurality of receiving system amplitudes. Local oscillator for control of receiving system supplied to phase control / reference signal removing means

Further, each of the plurality of reception system amplitude / phase control / reference signal removing means converts the reference signal into a signal in the same frequency band as the reception signal in the radio frequency band and the radio frequency band of the corresponding antenna element. Reference signal introduction section to be introduced into the reception signal transmission path of, the reception side amplitude / phase control section for controlling the amplitude characteristic and the phase characteristic based on the error signal with respect to the signal of the corresponding reception system signal path, and the corresponding reception information. A reference signal removing unit that removes the reference signal component in this signal by subtracting the reference signal from the input end with respect to the signal near the signal output end, and remains in the output signal of this reference signal removing unit And an error detection unit that detects the reference signal component and outputs it as the error signal.

Further, each of the plurality of reception system amplitude / phase control / reference signal removing means converts the reference signal into a signal in the same frequency band as the reception signal in the radio frequency band and the radio frequency band of the corresponding antenna element. A reference signal introduction unit to be introduced into the reception signal transmission line, and a reception side amplitude / phase control unit that calibrates and controls the amplitude characteristic and the phase characteristic based on the calibration signal with respect to the signal in the vicinity of the corresponding reception system signal path output end, For the output signal of the reception side amplitude / phase control section, the reference signal is introduced from the input end of the reference signal and subtracted, and the reference signal removal section for removing the reference signal component in this signal, and the reception side amplitude / phase Based on the signal at the input end of the control unit, and the signal derived from the input end of the reference signal, the amplitude characteristic and the phase characteristic of the reference signal component included in the input signal of the reception side amplitude / phase control unit, reference No. The configured to include a calibration signal generator for outputting the calibration signals to cancel the displacement amount with respect to the signal derived from the input end, the.

Further, the reference signal used by each of the plurality of receiving system amplitude / phase control / reference signal removing means is a transmission information signal input to a corresponding transmitter. Then, the calibration signal generating section in each of the plurality of reception system amplitude / phase control / reference signal removing means has a signal at the input end of the corresponding reception-side amplitude / phase control section and a signal obtained by introducing the reference signal from the input end. , A cross-correlator that takes the cross-correlation of the reference signal, an auto-correlator that takes the auto-correlation of the signal derived from the input terminal of the reference signal, and an output signal of the cross-correlator that is the input signal of the LMS algorithm and the output of the auto-correlator. And a signal at the input end of the corresponding receiving-side amplitude / phase control unit, and an LMS operation unit that performs an operation based on the LMS algorithm using the signal as a reference signal of the LMS algorithm and outputs the calibration signal. A first cross-correlator for cross-correlating a reference signal with a signal derived from its input; and an auto-correlator for auto-correlation of the signal with its reference signal derived from its input, The serial output signal of the first cross-correlator inputs the input signal of the LMS algorithm, the output signal of the autocorrelator as a reference signal for the LMS algorithm,
A second signal is obtained by calibrating the signal at the input end of the corresponding receiving-side amplitude / phase control unit based on the calibration signal to be output, and then cross-correlating the reference signal with the signal derived from the input end. L with a correlation loop, which adds a cross-correlator to the LMS algorithm to perform the operation and output the calibration signal
An MS calculation unit, or a corresponding reception side amplitude
A cross-correlator that takes a cross-correlation between the signal at the input end of the phase controller and the signal that leads the reference signal from the input end, and an auto-correlator that takes the auto-correlation of the signal that leads the reference signal from the input end. And a divider that divides the output signal of the autocorrelator by the output signal of the cross-correlator and outputs the calibration signal.

Further, in the multiple access communication device, each of the plurality of receivers comprises variable gain amplifying means for the received signal, and each of the plurality of receiving system amplitude / phase control / reference signal removing means corresponds to the corresponding receiver. In accordance with the amplification gain by the variable gain amplifying means, the level at the time of introducing the reference signal into the reception signal transmission line of the radio frequency band, the ratio of the reference signal and the reception signal of this introduction portion is a preset value The reference signal introduction level control means for controlling so that

Furthermore, in addition to the multiple access communication device,
The reference signal is applied to the input ends of the transmission information signals to each of the multiple transmitters, and these multiple transmitters convert it into a signal in the same frequency band as the transmission signal in the radio frequency band, and the corresponding antenna element is processed. Supply, from the transmission signal transmission line to the corresponding antenna element, derives a reference signal in the radio frequency band and converts it into the same frequency band as the reception signal in the radio frequency band based on the local oscillation signal for transmission system control, Introduced into the reception signal transmission path of the corresponding antenna element, and supplied to the reception system signal path whose amplitude characteristics and phase characteristics have been controlled, and from the input end of the transmission information signal of the transmission signal transmission path to the antenna element. Amplitude characteristics and phase characteristics with respect to the reference signal in the transmission system signal path up to the reference signal derivation portion are controlled so as to remove the reference signal component in the signal at the reception information signal output end, and a plurality of transmission signals are controlled. A plurality of transmission system amplitude / phase control means for controlling the system signal paths to be equal to each other, and a transmission system control for generating the transmission system control local oscillation signal and supplying the plurality of transmission system amplitude / phase control means And a local oscillator for use.

Further, each of the plurality of transmission system amplitude / phase control means derives a reference signal in a radio frequency band from a transmission signal transmission path to a corresponding antenna element and outputs a signal in the same frequency band as a reception signal in the radio frequency band. Derivation of a reference signal that is converted to and introduced into the reception signal transmission line from the corresponding antenna element
Introducing section, transmitting side amplitude / phase control section that controls the amplitude characteristic and phase characteristic based on the error signal for the signal of the corresponding transmitting system signal path, and the signal at the receiving information signal output end of the corresponding receiving system signal path An error detection unit that detects the reference signal component remaining therein and outputs it as the error signal is configured.

Further, each of the plurality of transmission system amplitude / phase control means derives a reference signal in the radio frequency band from the transmission signal transmission path to the corresponding antenna element and outputs a signal in the same frequency band as the reception signal in the radio frequency band. Derivation of a reference signal that is converted to and introduced into the reception signal transmission line from the corresponding antenna element
Introducing section, transmission side amplitude / phase control section for correcting and controlling the amplitude characteristic and phase characteristic of the signal of the corresponding transmitting system signal path based on the correction signal, and the correction for the receiver output signal of the corresponding receiving system signal path Signal after correction control by signal,
And a displacement of the amplitude characteristic and the phase characteristic of the reference signal included in the signal after the correction control of the reception system signal path with respect to the reference signal at the input terminal of the transmitter, based on the reference signal at the input terminal of the corresponding transmitter. And a calibration signal generator that outputs the correction signal that cancels the amount.

Then, the calibration signal generator in each of the plurality of transmission system amplitude / phase control means determines the cross-correlation between the signal after the correction control of the corresponding reception system signal path and the corresponding reference signal at the input end of the transmitter. A cross-correlator, an auto-correlator for auto-correlating a reference signal at the input of the corresponding transmitter, an output signal of the cross-correlator is an input signal of the LMS algorithm, and an output signal of the auto-correlator is an LMS algorithm And an input terminal of the transmitter corresponding to the signal after the correction control of the corresponding reception system signal path, which includes the LMS calculation unit for performing the calculation based on the LMS algorithm using the reference signal of (1) and outputting the calibration signal. First cross-correlator for cross-correlation with the reference signal, the auto-correlator for auto-correlation of the reference signal at the input of the corresponding transmitter, and the output of the first cross-correlator Signal is input as an input signal of the LMS algorithm and an output signal of the autocorrelator is input as a reference signal of the LMS algorithm, and the signal after the correction control of the corresponding receiving system signal path is calibrated based on the output calibration signal. After that, a second cross-correlator that takes a cross-correlation with the reference signal at the input end of the corresponding transmitter is added to the LMS algorithm to perform an operation to output the calibration signal, and an LMS operation unit with a correlation loop, Or a cross-correlator for cross-correlating a signal after correction control of a corresponding receiving system signal path with a reference signal at the corresponding transmitter input end, and a reference at the corresponding transmitter input end. And a divider that divides the output signal of the autocorrelator by the output signal of the cross-correlator to output the calibration signal. Are

Further, each of the plurality of transmitters in the multiple access communication device is provided with a variable gain amplifying means for a signal at its input end, and each of the plurality of transmitting system amplitude / phase controlling means is associated with a corresponding transmitter. Depending on the amplification gain,
Reference signal introduction level control for controlling the level when the reference signal is introduced into the reception signal transmission line of the radio frequency band so that the ratio of the reference signal and the reception signal of this introduction part becomes a preset value It has a structure including means.

[0017]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION In the first embodiment of the present invention, an array antenna is used to send a transmission radio wave to each of a plurality of individual communication paths capable of multiple access, and to transmit the radio wave. For a conventional multiple-access communication device that performs communication by setting the reception direction for radio waves, a reference signal having the same frequency band as the frequency band of the transmission information signal and the reception information signal,
Based on the local oscillation signal for controlling the receiving system common to a plurality of receiving system signal paths, it is converted into a signal in the same frequency band as the received signal in the above radio frequency band and the radio frequency of each of the plurality of antenna elements of the array antenna section Introduced into the reception signal transmission line of the band,
The amplitude characteristic and the phase characteristic with respect to the reference signal in the reception system signal path from this introduction portion to the output end of the reception information signal via the corresponding receiver are output as the reception information signal output of the reception system signal path. For the signal near the edge,
The signals of the input end of the reference signal are subtracted to control the reference signal portion in the signal of the reception information signal output end so that the plurality of reception system signal paths are equal to each other. The configuration is such that a plurality of receiving system amplitude / phase control / reference signal removing means are provided.

With such a configuration, the amplitude characteristic and the phase characteristic of the receiving system signal path for each antenna element, including the individual and temporal differences, are
Since the plurality of reception system signal paths can be made equal to each other, good antenna reception directivity can be secured and the effect of reducing inter-communication interference can be enhanced.

In the second embodiment of the present invention, in addition to the above-described multiple access communication device, a reference signal is applied to the input ends of the transmission information signals to each of the plurality of transmitters, and the plurality of transmitters are applied. The signal is converted into a signal in the same frequency band as that of the radio frequency band and supplied to the corresponding antenna element, and a reference signal in the radio frequency band is derived from the transmission signal transmission path to this corresponding antenna element Based on the local oscillation signal for transmission system control common to the transmission system signal path, the signal is converted into the same frequency band as the reception signal of the radio frequency band, and is introduced into the reception signal transmission line of the corresponding antenna element, and the amplitude characteristics and The phase characteristic is supplied to the controlled signal path of the receiving system, to the reference signal in the transmitting signal path from the input end of the transmitting information signal to the reference signal derivation portion of the transmitting signal transmission path to the antenna element. versus Amplitude characteristics and phase characteristics are controlled so that the reference signal component in the signal at the reception information signal output end is removed, and are controlled so that they are equal among the plurality of transmission system signal paths. The configuration is such that phase control means is provided.

With such a configuration, the error of the amplitude characteristic and the phase characteristic of the transmission system signal path for each antenna element, including individual and time-dependent changes, can be corrected between these transmission system signal paths. Since the antenna transmission directivity can be secured, it is possible to improve the effect of reducing the inter-communication interference and the effect of reducing the transmission power.

[0021]

Embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a block diagram inside the amplitude / phase control transmitting / receiving section. The difference of this embodiment from the second example of the conventional multiple access communication device shown in FIG. 22 is that a plurality of antenna elements 11 of the array antenna unit 10 of the second example of the prior art are used.
Instead of the transmission / reception unit 50 provided corresponding to each of them,
The amplitude / phase control transmission / reception unit 30 having the circuit configuration shown in FIG. 2 is provided corresponding to the plurality of antenna elements 11, and the details of each of the amplitude / phase control transmission / reception unit 30 are as follows. Has become. First, the transmitter 32, the transmission / reception duplexer 33, and the receiver 36 have the conventional transmission / reception unit 50.
Transmitter 51a, transmitter / receiver 53a, and receiver 52
It has the same function as a. Between the input end of the transmitter 32 and the input end of the transmission information signal (TX1, TX2), the transmission side for controlling the amplitude characteristic and the phase characteristic with respect to the reference signal (RF) of the transmission system signal path based on the error signal ES. amplitude·
A phase controller 31 is provided, and an amplitude characteristic and a phase characteristic with respect to a reference signal (RF) of a reception system signal path are output as an error signal between an output end of a receiver 36 and an output end of a reception information signal (RX1, RX2). A receiving-side amplitude / phase controller 37 that controls based on ES and a reference signal remover 38 that prevents a reference signal component from remaining in the signal at the output terminal of the received information signal are provided in series. An error detection holder 39 is provided, which detects a reference signal component in the signal at the output end and supplies it to the transmission side amplitude / phase controller 31 and the reception side amplitude / phase controller 37 as an error signal ES. The reference signal RF is converted into a signal in the same frequency band as the received signal in the radio frequency band in the transmission signal transmission line and the reception signal transmission line in the radio frequency band from the antenna element 11 to the antenna element 11. Introduce A reference signal introducing unit 34 and a transmission reference signal deriving unit 35 for deriving a reference signal of the transmission signal transmission line to convert it into a signal in the radio frequency band of the reception signal and introducing it to the reception signal transmission line via the reference signal introduction unit 34. And switchers S1 to S4 for switching between control of the reception system signal path and control of the transmission system signal path.

In the circuit configuration shown in FIG. 2, the reference signal introduction section 34, the reception side amplitude / phase controller 37, the reference signal remover 38, and the error detection holder 39 are used to control the reception system amplitude / phase. A signal removing unit is formed, and by the transmission side amplitude / phase controller 31, the transmission reference signal derivation unit 35, a part of the reference signal introduction unit 34, and the error detection holder 39,
A transmission system amplitude / phase control means is formed.

Next, the operation, function, and overall operation of each part of these means will be described. First, the reception system amplitude / phase control / reference signal removing means will be described (FIG. 2).
Indicates that the receiving system is controlled). First, the reference signal RF input to the transmission information signal (TX1, TX2) input terminal is transmitted to the reference signal introducing unit 34. The reference signal introducing unit 34 includes a frequency converter 341, a directional coupler 342, a switch S1 and an adder 343, and is provided with a reference signal RF and a local oscillator 40a having a common phase in each reception system signal path. The reference signal is converted into a signal in the same frequency band as the received signal in the radio frequency band by mixing with the oscillation signal having the frequency fr of, and is introduced into the received signal transmission line by the directional coupler 342. The reference signal in the radio frequency band introduced to the reception signal transmission line enters the receiver 36 via the transmission / reception duplexer 33, and in this receiver 36, the same frequency band as the frequency band of the reception information signal, that is, transmission information. The signal is converted into the same frequency band as the reference signal RF at the signal input end and supplied to the reception side amplitude / phase controller 37. The reception-side amplitude / phase controller 37 controls the amplitude characteristic and the phase characteristic of the supplied signal based on the error signal ES from the error detection holder 39, and outputs it to the reference signal remover 38. The reference signal remover 38 includes an adder 381, subtracts the signal at the input end (transmission information signal input end) of the reference signal RF from the output signal of the reception-side amplitude / phase controller 37, and receives the signal. The reference signal component is prevented from remaining in the signal at the information signal output end. That is, it works to remove the reference signal component.

The reference signal component remaining in the signal at the output end of the received information signal is the error detector 391 and the holding circuits 392 and 3.
Error detection holder 3 including 93 and switching devices S3 and S4
9 is input and detected, and is supplied as an error signal ES to the reception side amplitude / phase controller 37 through the switch S3.
Further, it is held in the holding circuit 392. A loop from the reception-side amplitude / phase controller 37 to the reception-side amplitude / phase controller 37 via the reference signal remover 38 and the error detection holder 39 is used to refer to the signal at the output end of the reception information signal. The signal component is removed, and at this time, the reference signal RF includes the reference signal introduction unit 34, the reception signal transmission line, the transmission / reception duplexer 33,
A signal that has passed through the receiver 36, the reception-side amplitude / phase controller 37, and the reference signal remover 38 (a reception signal path in a broad sense with respect to the reception system signal path from the reference signal introduction portion), and the reference signal RF. The signal at the input end (transmission information signal input end) of the receiver signal path, including its amplitude characteristic and phase characteristic, will be matched, and thus the controlled signal path in a broad sense is Since the input signal is output as it is without changing the amplitude, the phase, etc., good antenna reception directivity based on the control of the antenna directivity control unit 20 can be secured. Therefore, the effect of reducing inter-communication interference can be enhanced.

Next, the transmission system amplitude / phase control means will be described (switches S1 to S4 in FIG. 2 are switched to the t side).
Before the control of the transmission system signal path by the transmission system amplitude / phase control means, the control of the reception system signal path by the reception system amplitude / phase control / reference signal removal means is completed. The reference signal RF input to the input end of the transmission information signal (TX1, TX2) is input to the transmission side amplitude / phase controller 31, where the reference signal RF is based on the error signal ES.
The amplitude and phase characteristics of the are controlled. This controlled reference signal is sent to the transmitter 32, converted into a signal in the same frequency band as the transmission signal in the radio frequency band, and transmitted to the corresponding antenna element 11 via the transmission / reception duplexer 33. In the transmission signal transmission line from the transmission / reception duplexer 33 to the antenna element 11, the transmission reference signal derivation unit 35 including the directional coupler 352, the frequency converter 351, and the switch S2 is used to transmit a radio signal in the transmission signal transmission line. A reference signal in the frequency band (for transmission) is derived and converted into a signal in the same frequency band as the reception signal in the radio frequency band by using signals from the local oscillator 40b having a common phase in a plurality of transmission system signal paths. , And is sent to the reference signal introduction unit 34 and introduced into the reception signal transmission line (shared with the transmission signal transmission line).

The reference signal introduced into the reception signal transmission line is
The signal is input to the reference signal remover 38 via the transmission / reception duplexer 33, the receiver 36, and the reception side amplitude / phase controller 37, where the reference signal RF is subtracted from the signal at the transmission information signal input end. The received information signals (RX1, RX2) are output to the output end. In the reception-side amplitude / phase controller 37, since the amplitude characteristic and the phase characteristic with respect to the reference signal are controlled by the error signal ES at the final time point in the control of the reception system held in the holding circuit 392 of the error detection holder 39, The amplitude characteristic and the phase characteristic of the reception system signal path maintain the state at the final time point in the control.

On the other hand, the output signal of the reference signal remover 38 is input to the error detection holder 39, and the reference signal component remaining in this signal is detected and supplied to the transmission side amplitude / phase controller 31 as the error signal ES. And is held in the holding circuit 393. A transmission system signal path including the transmission side amplitude / phase controller 31, the transmitter 32, the transmission / reception duplexer 33, and the transmission signal transmission path, and a transmission system signal path in a broad sense including a transmission reference signal derivation unit 35, and a reference. The signal path of the receiving system including the reference signal remover 38 from the signal introducing unit 34, and the error detection holder 3
A reference signal component is removed from the signal at the reception information signal output end by a loop that returns to the transmission-side amplitude / phase controller 31 via 9 and at the same time, the reference signal RF is transmitted to the transmission system signal path and the reception system. The signal output to the reception information signal output end via the signal path and the signal at the input end (transmission information signal input end) of the reference signal RF match, including their amplitude characteristics and phase characteristics, Since the signal path of the receiving system has already been controlled, it is possible to secure good antenna transmission directivity based on the antenna directivity control unit 20. Therefore,
The effect of reducing the transmission power can be enhanced, and the effect of reducing inter-communication interference can be further enhanced in combination with the amplitude / phase control / reference signal removing means of the receiving system.

In this embodiment, the reference signal RF is obtained by being received by the antenna element 11 even though it passes through the transmission system signal path and the reception system signal path and has a correlation with the signal at its input end. Since the received information signals (RX1, RX2) are pseudo-random with respect to the reference signal RF, they are output through the reference signal remover 38. Therefore, the amplitude characteristic and the phase characteristic of the receiving system and the transmitting system can be controlled while performing individual communication.

Further, as the reference signal RF, it is preferable to use the transmission information signals (TX1, TX2) for individual communication themselves. This is because a signal intended only for the reference signal is not emitted as a radio wave from the antenna element 11, and the signal paths of the transmission system and the reception system can be controlled while performing individual communication. If only the signal path of the reception system is controlled, the reference signal can be set separately from the transmission information signal and the like. Here, even if this separately set reference signal enters the antenna element 11 via the reference signal introduction unit and is radiated as a radio wave, the signal level thereof is extremely lower than that of the transmission signal, so that it is radiated as a radio wave. It doesn't matter if it is done.

The circuit configuration shown in FIG. 2 is an example in which the transmission system and the reception system are controlled. By alternately repeating the control of the transmission system and the reception system, the optimum control state is almost constantly achieved. It is possible to operate the multiple communication device. Further, by switching the switching devices S1 to S4 to the t side for S1, the r side for S2, the t side for S3, and the r side for S4, the state of the final point of control by the reference signal RF or the like is maintained. Meanwhile, it is also possible to perform individual communication. Furthermore, the reference signal RF input to the amplitude / phase control transceiver 30 is
Regardless of the amplitude and phase, control is performed so that the amplitude and phase characteristics in the signal paths of the transmission system and the reception system are uniform, so even if the amplitude / phase control is directly input to the transmission / reception unit 30, antenna directivity control is performed. It may be inputted via the unit 20, and the antenna directivity control function may be changed to the transmission side amplitude / phase controller 31 and the reception side amplitude / phase controller 37.
In addition, a bias amplitude and a bias phase may be added so as to be provided, and these controllers may also serve as the antenna directivity control unit.

In this embodiment, an example in which both the receiving system amplitude / phase control / reference signal removing means and the transmitting system amplitude / phase controlling means are provided, but only the receiving system amplitude / phase control / reference signal removing means is provided. May be provided to focus on improving the effect of reducing inter-communication interference. Also, the amplitude of the transmitter
The phase controller 31 may be provided behind the transmitter 32 or in the transmitter, and the reception side amplitude / phase controller 37 may be
It may be provided in front of the receiver 36 or in the receiver.

In the first embodiment, the output signal of the reference signal remover 38 is input to the error detection holder 39, and based on the error signal ES from the error detection holder 39,
The reception side amplitude / phase controller 37 controls the amplitude and phase of the signal of the reception system signal path, or the transmission side amplitude / phase controller 31.
For transmission system signal path (including controlled reception system signal path)
Of the reference signal remover 3 by a feedback loop of controlling the amplitude and phase of the signal
Although the reference component in the output signal of No. 8 is removed, the reception system signal path is input to the reference signal remover 38 without using the output signal of the reference signal remover 38. Also, the reference signal component at the input end of the reference signal remover 38 has its amplitude characteristic by performing correction control so as to cancel the amount of change in the amplitude and phase of the signal between the input end and the output end in the transmission system signal path. And phase characteristic is reference signal RF
It is also possible to make it coincide with the signal at the input terminal of the reference signal remover 38 so that the reference signal component does not remain in the output signal of the reference signal remover 38 (hereinafter referred to as the reference signal remover front stage control type).

Further, when the reference signal component becomes large, it becomes a strong interference wave which should not have existed for the received signal (the signal received by the antenna). Therefore, the value of the ratio (reference signal) / (received signal) ( It is desirable that the power ratio and the amplitude ratio) be sufficiently small. On the other hand, in the above-described first embodiment, the signal at the input end in the signal path of the receiving system is referred to as “reception signal + reference signal”, and the signal before the amplitude and phase control near the output end is referred to as “reception signal”. It is assumed that “signal rc + reference signal rf” is multiplied by “amount of displacement δ due to the receiving system signal path”, and the control calculation by the receiving side amplitude / phase controller 37 is performed by the input signal and the control signal E (error signal ES). The calculation by the feedback loop is (rc + rf) × δ × E−rf → rc, and paying attention to the reference signal, δ × E = 1 is set and the reference at the output end of the reception system signal path is performed. It acts to remove signal components. However, when the reference signal is sufficiently smaller than the received signal (for example, −20 dB), the received signal becomes dominant and it becomes difficult to focus on the reference signal, and the amplitude and phase of the signal of the reception system signal path are reduced. The control accuracy decreases.

Therefore, there is little interference with the received signal,
Embodiment of the reference signal remover pre-stage control type in which the amplitude and phase of the signal of the receiving system signal path can be controlled with high accuracy even if the ratio of (reference signal) / (received signal) is small Is shown below.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an amplitude / phase control transmission / reception unit in the second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a block diagram of the calibration signal generator thereof and contents of the LMS calculation thereof. The amplitude / phase control transmission / reception unit 30a in the second embodiment differs from the amplitude / phase control transmission / reception unit 30 in the first embodiment in that a calibration signal generation holder 70 is provided instead of the error detection holder 39. The transmitting side amplitude / phase controller 31a and the receiving side amplitude / phase controller 37a
Is calibrating and controlling the amplitude characteristic and the phase characteristic of the signal of each signal path based on the calibration signal w from the calibration signal generation holder 70, and the transmission reference signal deriving unit 35a and the directional coupler 352 An attenuator 35 is provided between the frequency converter 351 and the frequency converter 351.
3 is inserted, the input signal to the calibration signal generation holder 70 is partially different, and the like. At the same time, the code of the reference signal is shown as d, and the code of the received signal (output of the receiver) is shown as u.

In the second embodiment, the calibration signal generator / holder 70 has a calibration signal generator 71 for generating the calibration signal w and a correction signal w for the signal on the receiving system signal path.
, A holding circuit 73 for holding a correction signal w for the signal of the transmission system signal path, and a switch S3.
To S6, and further includes a calibration signal generator 7
The details of 1 are as follows.

That is, the calibration signal generator 71 includes a multiplier 7111 and an integrator 7112, and for the signal of the reception system signal path (r side of the switches S3 to S6), the receiver 3 is used.
The signal u and the reference signal d of the receiving system signal path from the output end of 6
A cross-correlator 711 that cross-correlates with (derived from its input end), an auto-correlator 712 that includes a multiplier 7121 and an integrator 7122, and that auto-correlates the reference signal d;
Multipliers 7131 and 7133 and adders 7132 and 7135
And the parameter amplifier 7134 and the delay device 7136, and the output signal (u ′) of the cross-correlator 711 and the output signal (d ′) of the auto-correlator 712 are input to the LMS algorithm as shown in the lower side of FIG. And an LMS calculator 713 that outputs a calibration signal w based on
After the reception side calibration is performed on the signal of the transmission system signal path, the switches S3 to S6 are set to the t side, and the reception side amplitude is set as the reception system signal path signal u (hereinafter simply referred to as reception path signal u). -Using the output signal of the phase controller 37a, the reference signal d
As a result, the same calculation is performed using the signal at the input end of the transmitter 32.

In the second embodiment, the reference signal is d, and the signal at the input end of the receiving system signal path is (rc +
d), the amount of change in amplitude and phase in the receiving system signal path
As the reception that passes through the reception system signal path to the receiver 36,
That is, if the reception path signal u is (rc + d) × δ,
The calculation by the reception-side amplitude / phase controller 37a and the calibration signal generator / holder 70 focuses on the reference signal d and acts to cancel the amount of change in the signal path of the reception system, so (rc + d) × δ × w ( The complex conjugate) → rc + d.

Here, in the calibration signal generator 71, when the cross-correlation between the reception path signal u and the reference signal d is obtained and the auto-correlation of the reference signal d is taken, the reference signal d and the reception signal r are obtained.
Since there is no correlation with c and the received signal rc changes momentarily, the received signal (rc) component is eliminated by the integrator 7112 of the cross-correlator 711, and the output signal u ′ is dominated by the reference signal d. Since the reference signal d is fixed also in the autocorrelator 712, the SN ratio for the output signal is improved. That is, in order to reduce interference with the received signal rc, even if the reference signal d is at a level significantly smaller than the received signal,
The component can be eliminated, δ × w = 1 can be accurately set by paying attention to the reference signal d, and the amplitude characteristic and the phase characteristic of the signal of the reception system signal path can be calibrated with high accuracy. At the same time, it is possible to remove the reference signal component at the output end of the received signal and to make it uniform among the plurality of amplitude / phase control transmitting / receiving units 30a. This also applies to the signals on the transmission system signal path.

5 to 8 show the results of the circuit simulation performed in order to determine the calibration effect of the amplitude characteristic and the phase characteristic in the second embodiment. In this circuit simulation, the power ratio of the reference signal d to the received signal (rc) is set to -20 dB, and the amplitude error with respect to the integration time constant 1 / α (α is a circuit constant) of the cross correlator 711 and the autocorrelator 712. Verifying the relationship.

In FIG. 5, the amplitude error, which is the vertical axis on the upper side, is the square root of the root mean square of “1- (displacement amount due to transmitting / receiving signal path) × (calibration value)” with respect to the reference signal amplitude ( rms) ratio. That is, it is equivalent to the error amount of the input reference signal power with respect to the amplitude of the reference signal component remaining without being erased, and represents the calibration accuracy with respect to the amplitude. The vertical axis on the lower side is the square root (rms) of the root mean square of the phase fluctuation given to the received signal by "(displacement amount due to transmission / reception system signal path) x (calibration value)". That is, it represents the calibration accuracy for the phase.

The vertical axis in FIG. 6 indicates the phase error of 1% by the system when an instantaneous fluctuation with an amplitude √2 times and a phase difference of 45 ° occurs.
The average value of the time required until it becomes (0.45 °) or less is shown. The average convergence time is determined by the step size parameter μ and the integration time constant 1 / α of the correlator.

In FIG. 7, the vertical axis is the logarithm of the integration time constant,
This is a plot of the amplitude error. From the relational expression obtained by performing the least-squares method first-order approximation, when it is desired to reduce the amplitude error to A (dB) or less, 10 (-0.0596A + 2.5
5) It can be seen that an integral time constant equal to or higher than the power is required.

In FIG. 8, the vertical axis is the logarithm of the integration time constant,
It is a plot of the logarithm of the phase error. From the relational expression obtained by performing the least-squares method first-order approximation, the phase error B
If you want to make it less than (°), 10 (-1.84Log)
It can be seen that an integral time constant equal to or higher than (B) +4.9) is required.

Therefore, when the required amplitude error is A (dB) or less and phase error B (°) or less, the integration time constant (1
/ Α may be 10 (−0.0596A + 2.55) or more, and 10 (−1.84Log (B) +4.9) or more.

FIG. 9 is a block diagram of the calibration signal generator in the third embodiment of the present invention and a diagram showing the contents of its LMS calculation. The other parts are the same as in FIG. 3 of the second embodiment. The calibration signal generator 71a of the third embodiment outputs the LMS calculator 713a to the signal (u: receiver output signal) at the input end of the corresponding receiver side amplitude / phase controller (37a). The second embodiment is that a cross-correlator 711a for performing cross-correlation with the reference signal d is added to the LMS algorithm after performing calibration based on the calibration signal w Different from the example.

The arithmetic expression in the calibration operation is similar to that of the second embodiment, and acts so that δ × w = 1, while L
Since the correlation loop is provided in the MS calculator 713a, this loop becomes a negative feedback loop including the low-pass filter by the cross correlator 711a, and the safety of the LMS calculator 713a can be enhanced. This third
Other functions and effects of this embodiment are similar to those of the second embodiment.

The results of the circuit simulation in the third embodiment are shown in FIGS. 10 to 13 (conditions are the same as those in the second embodiment). In these figures, paying attention to the average convergence time characteristic shown in FIG. 11, when μ is fixed and the integration time constant (1 / α) is lowered, the integration time constant decreases until a certain inflection point. Correspondingly, the average convergence time decreases,
Even if the integration time constant is decreased beyond the inflection point, the average convergence time does not decrease and stops decreasing. The lower limit is determined by μ,
The larger μ is, the lower the lower limit is.

In FIG. 11, five graphs are drawn with μ as a parameter, but if only the above-mentioned inflection point is extracted, it can be approximated to one straight line. The range is shown by a dotted line in the figure. From the graph, at all inflection points, the reciprocal α of the integration time constant and the value of μ that is the inflection point are approximately α: μ =
It can be seen that the relationship is 8: 1. Therefore, regarding the average convergence time characteristic, it is desirable to set the ratio of α to μ to 8: 1 when selecting parameters.

The same applies to the amplitude error characteristic of FIG. For any μ, the reciprocal α of the integration time constant at the inflection point is approximately α: μ = 8: 1. On the other hand, since the phase error characteristic is determined only by μ and is not related to the integration time constant, this method obtains the best characteristic when μ and α satisfy the following equation. μ = α / 8

Next, how to select the parameters will be described in a general expression. In FIG. 12, μ is changed depending on α according to the above equation, and the logarithm of the integration time constant is taken on the vertical axis.
This is a plot of the amplitude error. From the relational expression obtained by performing the least-squares first-order approximation, when it is desired to reduce the amplitude error to A (dB) or less, 10 (-0.0636A + 1.5)
22) It can be seen that an integral time constant equal to or higher than the power is required.

Further, FIG. 13 is a graph in which the logarithm of the integration time constant is plotted on the vertical axis and the logarithm of the average convergence time is plotted. From the relational expression obtained by performing the least-squares first-order approximation, when it is desired to set the average convergence time to be B or less, 10 (1.00
It can be seen that an integration time constant of 8 Log (B) -1.2) or less is required.

Therefore, when the required amplitude error is A (dB) or less and the average convergence time B or less, the integration time constant (1 / α)
Is 10-(− 0.0636A + 1.522) or more,
In addition, it may be 10 (1.008 Log (B) -1.2) or less.

FIGS. 14 (a) and 14 (b) are a block diagram of the calibration signal generator in the fourth embodiment of the present invention and a diagram showing the operation contents thereof (other parts are second and third parts). The same as the example). Calibration signal generator 7 of this fourth embodiment
1b is a cross-correlator 711 that cross-correlates the signal (u) at the input end of the corresponding reception-side amplitude / phase shift controller (37a) and the reference signal d, and an auto-correlation that self-correlates the reference signal d. 712, a reciprocal circuit 7141 and a multiplier 7142, and the output signal of the autocorrelator 712 is cross-correlator 711.
Divider 71 which divides by the output signal of and outputs the calibration signal w
4 and are included. Further, the part of the divider 714 can be processed by software by a divider 714a having a register and a CPU as shown in FIG. 14 (b).

In this fourth embodiment, the cross-correlator 7
The output signal (u ′) of 11 is the autocorrelation of the reference signal d,
The sum of the cross-correlation of the received signal / reference signal is multiplied by the amount of displacement due to the transmission / received signal path, and the cross-correlation component of the received signal / reference signal between them is between the received signal and the reference signal. There is no correlation and is regarded as a noise component, and its integration result can be ignored for the autocorrelation of the reference signal (that is, u '= d'xδ). Therefore, the dividers 714 and 714
By calculating d ′ / (d ′ × δ) with a, 1 / δ, that is, w × δ = 1 can be obtained as the calibration signal w.

In the fourth embodiment, the advantage that the operation part after the cross-correlator 711 and the auto-correlator 712 becomes extremely simple as compared with the second and third embodiments and there is no feedback loop. The advantage is that there is no danger of oscillation. Further, if the system includes a control CPU or the like, the arithmetic processing of the divider can be performed by software by utilizing it, and the circuit scale can be further reduced. Other functions and effects are similar to those of the second and third embodiments.

The circuit simulation results of the fourth embodiment are shown in FIGS. In the fourth embodiment, the LM
Since the S operation is not performed, the parameter is only the integration time constant. The average convergence time is equivalent to the time required for the integrator in the correlator to converge to a desired value.

In FIG. 17, the vertical axis is the logarithm of the integration time constant and the amplitude error is plotted. From the relational expression obtained by performing the least-squares method first-order approximation, the amplitude error is A (d
B) If you want to make it less than or equal to 10 (-0.065A +
2.225) It is understood that an integral time constant equal to or higher than the power of 2 is required.

FIG. 18 is a plot of the logarithm of the phase error with the logarithm of the integral time constant plotted on the vertical axis. From the relational expression obtained by performing the least-squares first-order approximation, when it is desired to reduce the phase error to B (°) or less, 10 (−1.89L
It can be seen that an integral time constant equal to or larger than the power of og (B) +4.87) is required.

FIG. 19 is a plot of the logarithm of the average convergence time with the logarithm of the integration time constant plotted on the vertical axis. From the relational expression obtained by performing the least-squares first-order approximation, if it is desired to set the average convergence time to C or less, (Log
It can be seen that an integral time constant of (C) -0.685) or less is required.

Therefore, when the required amplitude error is A (dB) or less, phase error B (°) or less, and average convergence time C or less, the integration time constant (1 / α) is 10 (-0.065A).
+2.225) or more and 10 (-1.89Log)
(B) +4.87) power and 10 (Log (C))
-0.685) or less.

FIG. 20 is a block diagram of each amplitude / phase control transmission / reception unit showing a fifth embodiment of the present invention. This fifth
In this embodiment, when the transmitter 32b and the receiver 36b in the amplitude / phase control transmission / reception unit 30b are provided with variable gain amplification means for the input signal, the reference signal introduction unit 34 is provided.
In b, the level at which the reference signal is introduced into the reception signal transmission line of the radio frequency band in accordance with the amplification gain by the variable gain amplifying means of the transmitter 32b and the receiver 36b, A variable attenuator 344 is provided to control the ratio with the signal to be a preset value.

Using a circuit including variable gain amplifying means,
~ With the configuration of the fourth embodiment, the receiving side amplitude / phase controller (3
7) etc., for example, when the received power is large and the variable gain of the receiver (36b) is decreased, the signal power received from the antenna is received by the variable gain amplifying means of the receiver 36b in the latter stage of the receiver 36b. At the same time, the power is reduced to an appropriate level, but at the same time, the power of the reference signal passing through the variable gain amplifying means of the receiver 36b is also reduced, and the error detection holder 39 and the calibration signal generation and holding are held so as to cancel this reference signal. Since the device 70 and the like operate, on the contrary, the amplitude is set to increase by the reception side amplitude / phase controller 37 and the like. Therefore,
The variable gain amplifying means of the receiver 36b operates so that the receiving side amplitude / phase controller 37 or the like cancels the change in the amplification factor, and the variable gain amplifying means and the receiving side amplitude / phase controller 37 are operated.
Etc. interfere with each other and cannot operate normally.

Therefore, the variable attenuator 344 is inserted in the reference signal introducing section 34b, and first, the variable gain amplifying means of the receiver 36b is operated in a state where the calibration signal generation holder and the like are not operated, and the receiver 36b is provided at the latter stage. Then, a variable gain is provisionally set so that the reception power (RMS value) becomes an appropriate value. Next, the signal power received by the antenna is estimated based on the set variable gain. Here, with respect to the estimated received signal power at the antenna end, a preset ratio (for example, -20 dB)
Variable attenuator 3 added to introduce the reference signal at
Set 44. Finally, this set variable attenuator 3
The calibration signal generation holder and the like operate to cancel the reference signal passing through 44, and set the reception side amplitude / phase controller 37 and the like.

When the received signal power input to the antenna changes while the receiver 36b is in the operating state, the received signal power (RMS value etc.) is detected in the subsequent stage of the receiver 36b and the variable gain of the receiver 36b is detected. It suffices to change the gain of the amplifying means and adjust the set value of the variable attenuator 344 of the reference signal introducing section 34b in accordance with this gain change.

With such a configuration, even if the receiver 36b has a variable gain amplifying means, the amplitude and phase of the receiving side can be calibrated. Further, since the variable gain amplifying means generally uses an active element, the gain changes due to environmental temperature and changes with time, and it is difficult to put it into practical use only by initial calibration.

In addition, since the variable gain amplifying means also changes the phase depending on the gain, it is necessary to calibrate the amplitude and the phase at all gains. However, according to the calibration of the present invention, it is actually used in an actual operating condition. It is possible to perform sequential calibration with the gain being adjusted, and the reference signal introducing section 34b serves as a reference for the calibration.
Is the reference signal power introduced in. In order to cancel this reference signal accurately, the amplitude / phase controller 37a on the receiving side
Since the variable gain amplifying means has an inappropriate gain, the receiving side amplitude / phase controller 37a and the like compensate for the shortage.

Here, the reference signal introduction power is the variable attenuator 3
The variable attenuator 344 is set by 44 and is generally composed of a passive circuit, and therefore has a characteristic of small temperature change / time change.

Here, the receiving side amplitude / phase controller 3 is provided so as to compensate the gain of the variable gain amplifying means in the receiver 36b.
Although the case where 7a or the like is operated has been shown, this estimation table may be sequentially updated when estimating the signal power received by the antenna based on the set variable gain. array·
Although a plurality of amplitude / phase control transmission / reception units are used to configure the antenna, the variable gain amplification means included in each amplitude / phase control transmission / reception unit may be the same variable gain or may be corrected by the variable gain amount to correct the antenna. It goes without saying that directivity control may be performed in view of the conventional example.

The same applies to the transmission system signal path. Further, the attenuator 353 of the transmission reference signal derivation unit 35a
Is effective when inserted when the signal level introduced from the transmission system signal path is high. FIG. 2 relating to the present invention,
In FIGS. 3 and 20, a roll-off filter, a delay element, etc. may be inserted in order to shape the signal waveform in the transceiver, the receiver, the transmission / reception duplexer, etc. In this case, in the reference signal remover It is clear that the reference signal cannot be completely removed, but in this case, it is sufficient to insert a similar roll-off filter, delay element, etc., not shown in the figure, on the reference signal side and perform signal equalization to remove it. Also, a similar equivalent reference signal may be used for the error detection holder.

[0071]

As described above, according to the present invention, the reference signal having the same frequency band as the transmission information signal and the reception information signal is supplied to the transmission / reception section of each of the plurality of antenna elements and the radio frequency band same as the reception signal. Of the reference signal in the reception signal path and subtracts the signal at the input end of the reference signal from the signal near the output end of the reception information signal. By controlling so as to remove the reference signal component from the signal at the reception information signal output end, the amplitude characteristics and the phase characteristics of the plurality of reception system signal paths are mutually and individually included, including a temporal portion. Since it is possible to make the antenna uniform and maintain good antenna reception directivity, it is possible to enhance the effect of reducing inter-communication interference, and further, to the transmission system signal path, the amplitude characteristics of this signal path as well. By so its amplitude and phase characteristics between a plurality of transmission-system signal path is provided to transmit system amplitude and phase control means for controlling the phase characteristic becomes uniform,
Since it is possible to maintain good antenna transmission directivity, it is possible to further enhance the effect of reducing transmission power, and at the same time,
In addition to controlling the amplitude characteristic and the phase characteristic of the receiving system signal path, the effect of reducing the inter-communication interference can be further enhanced.
There is an effect.

Further, a calibration signal is generated based on a signal obtained by cross-correlating the signal passing through the transmission / reception system signal path and the reference signal and a signal obtained by taking the auto-correlation of the reference signal. With the configuration to perform the amplitude / phase calibration control for the signal of the transmission / reception system signal path, even if the ratio of the reference signal to the received signal is significantly reduced so that the reference signal does not interfere with the received signal, etc. , These correlators can improve the SN ratio of the reference signal,
There is an effect that the amplitude characteristic and the phase characteristic of the signal of the signal path of the receiving system can be calibrated and controlled with high accuracy by paying attention to the reference signal.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a multiple access communication device according to a first exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a circuit configuration block diagram of an amplitude / phase control transmission / reception unit of the first embodiment shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an amplitude / phase control transmission / reception unit in a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a calibration signal generator in the second embodiment shown in FIG. 3 and a diagram showing the contents of its LMS calculation.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a simulation result of a calibration error with respect to an amplitude characteristic and a phase characteristic of a signal on a signal path in the second example shown in FIGS. 3 and 4;

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a simulation result of average convergence time of a calibration control operation in the second example of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining how to obtain an integral time constant with respect to a set amplitude error in the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining how to obtain an integral time constant for a set phase error in the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a block diagram of a calibration signal generator according to a third embodiment of the present invention and a diagram showing the contents of its LMS calculation.

10 is a diagram showing a simulation result of a calibration error with respect to an amplitude characteristic and a phase characteristic of a signal on a signal path in the third example shown in FIG.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a simulation result of an average convergence time of a calibration control operation in the third example of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a diagram for explaining how to obtain an integral time constant with respect to a set amplitude error in the third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a diagram for explaining how to obtain an integral time constant with respect to a set average convergence time in the third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a block diagram of a calibration signal generator according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention and a diagram showing the contents of its calculation.

FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a simulation result of a calibration error with respect to the amplitude characteristic and the phase characteristic of the signal path in the fourth example shown in FIG.

FIG. 16 is a diagram showing a simulation result of the average convergence time of the calibration control operation in the fourth example of the present invention.

FIG. 17 is a diagram for explaining how to obtain an integral time constant for a set amplitude error in the fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 18 is a diagram for explaining how to obtain an integral time constant for a set phase error in the fourth example of the present invention.

FIG. 19 is a diagram for explaining how to obtain an integral time constant with respect to a set average convergence time in the fourth example of the present invention.

FIG. 20 is a block diagram of an amplitude / phase control transmission / reception unit in a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 21 is a block diagram of an example (first conventional example) of a conventional multiple-access communication device using a single antenna.

FIG. 22 is a block diagram of an example (second conventional example) of a conventional multiple-access communication device using an array antenna.

[Explanation of symbols]

10 Array antenna part 11 Antenna element 20 Antenna directivity controller 21,22 Directional control element 30, 30a, 30b Amplitude / phase control transceiver 31, 31a Transmitter side amplitude / phase controller 32, 32b transmitter 33 Transmitter / receiver 34, 34b Reference signal introducing section 35, 35a Transmission reference signal derivation unit 36,36b receiver 37, 37a Receiver side amplitude / phase controller 38 Reference signal remover 39 Error detection holder 40a, 40b Local oscillator 50 transceiver 51,51a transmitter 52,52a receiver 53,53a Transmitter / receiver 60 antenna 70 Calibration signal generation holder 71, 71a, 71b, 71c Calibration signal generator 72, 73 holding circuit 341 Frequency converter 342 directional coupler 343 adder 344 Variable attenuator 351 Frequency Converter 352 directional coupler 353 attenuator 381 adder 391 Error detector 392, 393 holding circuit 711,711a Cross-correlator 712 Autocorrelator 713,713a LMS calculator 714 divider S1-S6 switch

Continuation of front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ identification code FI H04J 13/00 H04J 13/00 A (56) References JP 2000-295152 (JP, A) JP 11-46180 (JP, A) JP 2000-216618 (JP, A) Special table HEI 7-504511 (JP, A) International publication 00/08777 (WO, A1) (58) Fields investigated (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) H04B 7 / 08 H04B 7/06 H04B 7/10 H04J 13/00

Claims (15)

(57) [Claims] 1. A multi-source communication system, wherein an array antenna is used to set a transmission direction of a transmission radio wave and a reception direction of a transmitted radio wave for each of a plurality of individual communication paths capable of multiple access. A multiple-access communication device having the following configurations. (A) A plurality of antenna elements are arranged, and transmission directivity is set for each of the plurality of individual communication paths based on the transmission signal in the radio frequency band supplied to each of the plurality of antenna elements. While transmitting radio waves,
An array that receives the transmitted radio waves with each of the plurality of antenna elements and outputs them as radio frequency band reception signals.
Antenna unit (b) Corresponding to each of the plurality of antenna elements of the array antenna unit by converting the transmission information signal of each of the plurality of individual communication paths into the transmission signal of the radio frequency band. A plurality of transmitters (c) provided to correspond to each of the plurality of antenna elements of the array antenna unit, and receive the radio frequency band received signals from the corresponding antenna elements by the plurality of individual antenna elements. A plurality of receivers for converting the received information signals of the respective communication paths (d) The antenna directivity information of the radio frequency band transmission signals supplied to the plurality of antenna elements of the array antenna section, respectively. While controlling for each communication path of, the directivity for the radio waves received by the array antenna unit is set for each of the plurality of individual communication paths, Control antenna directivity control unit (e) A reference signal having the same frequency band as the frequency band of the transmission information signal and the reception information signal, and a reception signal of the radio frequency band based on a local oscillation signal for controlling the reception system. Converted to a signal in the same frequency band and introduced into the reception signal transmission line of the radio frequency band of each of the plurality of antenna elements of the array antenna section, and from this introduction part, the reception information via the corresponding receiver Amplitude characteristics and phase characteristics with respect to the reference signal in the reception system signal path up to the output end of the signal,
Control is performed to subtract the reference signal portion of the reception information signal output end from the signal near the reception information signal output end of the reception system signal path by subtracting the input end signal of the reference signal. By doing so, a plurality of receiving system amplitude / phase control / reference signal removing means (f) for making the plurality of receiving system signal paths equal to each other are provided, and the receiving system controlling local oscillation signal is generated to generate the plurality of receiving system amplitudes. Local oscillator for control of receiving system supplied to phase control / reference signal removing means 2. The plurality of reception system amplitude / phase control / reference signal removing means each convert the reference signal into a signal in the same frequency band as a reception signal in a radio frequency band, and a radio frequency band of a corresponding antenna element. Reference signal introduction section to be introduced into the reception signal transmission path of, the reception side amplitude / phase control section for controlling the amplitude characteristic and the phase characteristic based on the error signal with respect to the signal of the corresponding reception system signal path, and the corresponding reception information. A reference signal removing unit that removes the reference signal component in this signal by subtracting the reference signal from the input end with respect to the signal near the signal output end, and remains in the output signal of this reference signal removing unit The multiple-access communication device according to claim 1, further comprising: an error detection unit that detects a reference signal component to be output and outputs it as the error signal. 3. The radio frequency band of the corresponding antenna element, wherein each of the plurality of reception system amplitude / phase control / reference signal removal means converts the reference signal into a signal in the same frequency band as the reception signal in the radio frequency band. A reference signal introduction unit to be introduced into the reception signal transmission line, and a reception side amplitude / phase control unit that calibrates and controls the amplitude characteristic and the phase characteristic based on the calibration signal with respect to the signal in the vicinity of the corresponding reception system signal path output end, This receiver side amplitude
For the output signal of the phase control unit, the reference signal is introduced from the input end of the reference signal and subtracted, and the reference signal removing unit for removing the reference signal component in this signal, and the input end of the receiving-side amplitude / phase control unit Signal of the reference signal component of the input signal of the receiving-side amplitude / phase control unit based on the signal of the reference signal and the signal derived from the input end of the reference signal. The multiple access communication device according to claim 1, further comprising: a calibration signal generation unit that outputs the calibration signal that cancels a displacement amount with respect to a signal guided from an end. 4. The multiple access communication device according to claim 1, wherein the reference signal used by each of the plurality of reception system amplitude / phase control / reference signal removing means is a transmission information signal input to a corresponding transmitter. 5. A calibration signal generation section in each of the plurality of reception system amplitude / phase control / reference signal removal means guides a signal at the input end of the corresponding reception side amplitude / phase control section and the reference signal from the input end. Cross-correlator that takes the cross-correlation with the signal, an auto-correlator that takes the auto-correlation of the signal that leads the reference signal from its input terminal, and an output signal of the cross-correlator that is the input signal of the LMS algorithm 4. The multiple access communication device according to claim 3, further comprising: an LMS operation unit that performs an operation based on an LMS algorithm using an output signal of the device as a reference signal of the LMS algorithm and outputs the calibration signal. 6. A calibration signal generating section in each of the plurality of receiving system amplitude / phase control / reference signal removing means guides a signal at the input end of the corresponding receiving side amplitude / phase control section and the reference signal from the input end. First cross-correlation with the signal
Cross-correlator, an auto-correlator for auto-correlating the reference signal from its input end, and an output signal of the first cross-correlator as an input signal of the LMS algorithm and an output signal of the auto-correlator. Is input as a reference signal of the LMS algorithm, and the signal at the input end of the corresponding receiving-side amplitude / phase control unit is calibrated based on the calibration signal to be output, and then the reference signal is derived from the input end. 4. The multiple access communication according to claim 3, further comprising: an LMS operation unit with a correlation loop, which adds a second cross-correlator that takes a cross-correlation with a signal to an LMS algorithm to perform an operation and output the calibration signal. apparatus. 7. A calibration signal generating section in each of the plurality of receiving-system amplitude / phase control / reference signal removing means guides a signal at the input end of the corresponding receiving-side amplitude / phase control section and the reference signal from the input end. Cross-correlator that takes the cross-correlation with the signal, the auto-correlator that takes the auto-correlation of the signal that led the reference signal from its input end, and the output signal of this auto-correlator is the output signal of the cross-correlator. 4. A multiple access communication device as claimed in claim 3, comprising a divider for dividing and outputting the calibration signal. 8. The multiple access communication device according to claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of receivers comprises variable gain amplifying means for a received signal, and a plurality of receiving system amplitude / phase control
Each of the reference signal removing means, in accordance with the amplification gain by the variable gain amplifying means of the corresponding receiver, the level at which the reference signal is introduced into the reception signal transmission line in the radio frequency band is A multiple access communication device, comprising reference signal introduction level control means for controlling a ratio with a received signal to be a preset value. 9. In addition to the multiple access communication device according to claim 1, a reference signal is applied to an input end of a transmission information signal to each of a plurality of transmitters, and the plurality of transmitters transmit signals in a radio frequency band. Is converted to a signal in the same frequency band and supplied to the corresponding antenna element, and the reference signal in the radio frequency band is derived from the transmission signal transmission path to this corresponding antenna element and used as the local oscillation signal for transmission system control. Based on the above, the signal is converted into the same frequency band as the received signal in the radio frequency band, introduced into the received signal transmission line of the corresponding antenna element, and supplied to the reception system signal path whose amplitude characteristic and phase characteristic are controlled, and the transmission The amplitude characteristic and the phase characteristic with respect to the reference signal in the transmission system signal path from the input end of the information signal to the reference signal derivation portion of the transmission signal transmission path to the antenna element are the signals at the reception information signal output end. A plurality of transmission system amplitude / phase control means for controlling so as to remove the reference signal component therein, and controlling the plurality of transmission system signal paths to be equal to each other
A multiple access communication device, comprising: a local oscillator for transmission system control, which generates the local oscillation signal for transmission system control and supplies it to the plurality of amplitude / phase control means for transmission system. 10. Each of the plurality of transmission system amplitude / phase control means derives a reference signal in a radio frequency band from a transmission signal transmission path to a corresponding antenna element and outputs a signal in the same frequency band as a reception signal in the radio frequency band. To a reference signal deriving / introducing unit that converts the signal into a reception signal transmission path from the corresponding antenna element and a transmission side that controls the amplitude characteristic and the phase characteristic of the signal of the corresponding transmission system signal path based on the error signal. 10. An amplitude / phase control unit, and an error detection unit for detecting a reference signal component remaining in the signal at the reception information signal output end of the corresponding reception system signal path and outputting it as the error signal. Multiple access communication device. 11. Each of the plurality of transmission system amplitude / phase control means derives a reference signal in a radio frequency band from a transmission signal transmission path to a corresponding antenna element and outputs a signal in the same frequency band as a reception signal in the radio frequency band. A reference signal deriving / introducing unit that converts the signal into a reception signal from the corresponding antenna element and introduces it into the reception signal transmission line, and a transmission that corrects and controls the amplitude characteristic and the phase characteristic of the signal of the corresponding transmission system signal path based on the correction signal. Based on the side amplitude / phase control unit, the signal after the correction control by the correction signal for the receiver output signal of the corresponding reception system signal path, and the reference signal of the input terminal of the corresponding transmitter, the reception system signal path Calibration signal generation that outputs the correction signal that cancels the displacement amount of the amplitude characteristic and the phase characteristic of the reference signal included in the signal after the correction control with respect to the reference signal at the input end of the transmitter 10. The multiple access communication device of claim 9, comprising a section. 12. A calibration signal generator in each of the plurality of transmission system amplitude / phase control means determines a cross-correlation between a signal after correction control of a corresponding reception system signal path and a reference signal at an input end of a corresponding transmitter. A cross-correlator, an auto-correlator for auto-correlating a reference signal at the input of the corresponding transmitter, an output signal of the cross-correlator is an input signal of the LMS algorithm, and an output signal of the auto-correlator is an LMS algorithm 12. The multiple access communication device according to claim 11, further comprising: an LMS operation unit that performs an operation based on the LMS algorithm that uses the reference signal of 1. and outputs the calibration signal. 13. A calibration signal generation section in each of the plurality of transmission system amplitude / phase control means determines cross-correlation between a signal after correction control of a corresponding reception system signal path and a reference signal at an input end of a corresponding transmitter. A first cross-correlator, an auto-correlator for auto-correlating a reference signal at the input end of the corresponding transmitter, and an output signal of the first cross-correlator as an input signal of the LMS algorithm, an auto-correlator Output signal of LMS
After being calibrated on the basis of a calibration signal to be output, which is input as a reference signal of an algorithm and which has been subjected to correction control of the corresponding reception-system signal path, the signal with the reference signal at the input end of the corresponding transmitter 12. The multiple access communication device according to claim 11, further comprising: an LMS operation unit with a correlation loop, which adds a second cross-correlator that takes a correlation to an LMS algorithm to perform an operation and output the calibration signal. 14. A calibration signal generating section in each of the plurality of transmission system amplitude / phase control means determines cross-correlation between a signal after correction control of a corresponding reception system signal path and a reference signal at an input end of a corresponding transmitter. Taking a cross-correlator, an auto-correlator taking the auto-correlation of the reference signal at the input of the corresponding transmitter, and the calibration signal by dividing the output signal of this auto-correlator by the output signal of the cross-correlator 12. The multiple access communication device of claim 11, further comprising: a divider that outputs 15. The multiple access communication device according to claim 9, wherein each of the plurality of transmitters comprises variable gain amplifying means for a signal at its input end, and each of the plurality of transmission system amplitude / phase controlling means corresponds thereto. Depending on the amplification gain of the transmitter, the level at the time of introducing the reference signal into the reception signal transmission line of the radio frequency band becomes the preset value of the ratio of the reference signal and the reception signal at this introduction part. Multiple access communication device comprising reference signal introduction level control means for controlling as described above.