JP3500790B2 - Water purification device - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

The present invention relates to bath water, pool water,
The present invention relates to a domestic or commercial water purification device that removes and purifies microorganisms such as aquaculture water and suspended substances such as organic substances and inorganic substances.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a conventional water purifying apparatus of this type, as shown in FIG. 8, there is one in which microorganisms are propagated on a filter medium and purified by the action of the microorganisms (for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. Hei 5 (1999) -58242).
-293485). In the figure, 1 is a circulation pump for circulating the water to be purified in the water tank 2, 3 is a forward pipe, and 4 is a return pipe. Reference numeral 5 is a filtering means in which microorganisms are propagated in a filter medium 6 such as barley stone, which purifies water. Reference numeral 7 is a heater for keeping water warm, and 8 is a sterilizer for killing general bacteria contained in the water. Further, 9 is a backwashing means for backwashing water when the filter medium 6 is clogged, which is a three-way valve 10 provided in the outflow pipe 3, a backwash passage 11, a flow path opening / closing valve 12 and It is composed of a discharge passage 13 for discharging the backwash dirty water and a discharge control valve 14.

In this structure, when the circulation pump 1 is operated, water passes through the filter medium 6 of the filter means 5 to be purified as shown by the solid line arrow, and is heated and kept at a predetermined temperature by the heater 7 and the sterilizer 8 is also provided. The general bacteria are sterilized and the purified water returns to the aquarium 2. By repeating this operation by the circulation pump 1, the water in the water tank 2 is gradually purified and sterilized.

On the other hand, if the filtering operation is continued for a long time, the suspended substance which has been filtered adheres to the filter material 6 of the filtering means 5 to cause clogging. In this case, the three-way valve 10 is communicated with the backwash passage 11 side, the flow passage opening / closing valve 12 is closed, the discharge control valve 14 is opened, and the water from the circulation pump 1 is indicated by a dashed arrow. As described above, the backwash flow path 11 flows back through the filtering means 5, the suspended substance adhering to the filter medium 6 is washed, and the waste water is discharged from the discharge path 13 to the outside. As a result, purification can be performed for a long period of time.

[0005]

However, the above-mentioned conventional water purifying apparatus has the following problems because it is a system for propagating microorganisms in the filter medium for purification.

(1) It takes a certain amount of time for the microorganisms to sufficiently propagate, and therefore it takes time to exhibit sufficient purification ability. (1 week to 10 days) (2) Since it is necessary to maintain the growth environment in order to keep the activity of the microorganisms constant without killing the microorganisms, it is necessary to constantly maintain the water temperature at a predetermined temperature, which causes energy loss. Become.

(3) If the filter medium is washed by back washing or the like, it takes a long time to obtain the ability of removing suspended substances and the activity of decomposing organic substances.

(4) When a bather drinks an antibiotic, microorganisms are killed, and sufficient purification performance cannot be obtained. In addition, the activity of microorganisms is reduced even when a bathing agent is mixed.

As a means for solving these problems, there is a method of physically and chemically separating and purifying solid and liquid without using microorganisms. In this method, a gap formed by a filter medium provided in a filter means is formed. There is a problem that particles larger than the diameter can be removed, but suspended substances smaller than those such as bacteria and organic substances cannot be purified.

The present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems.
In addition to eliminating the problems of the microbial filtration method described above, by flocculating fine suspended substances such as bacteria by flocculation, suspended substances smaller than the pore diameter of the filter medium can be purified and suspended Turbid components as a coagulation aid
By reusing, more stable purification performance can be obtained.
In addition, there is no need to replenish the coagulation auxiliary substance,
A first object of the present invention is to provide a water purification device that does not require any trouble .

A second object of the present invention is to provide a water purifying apparatus which realizes maintenance-free operation by electrically performing the agglomeration by providing electrodes and electrically controlling the agglomeration.

A third object of the present invention is to provide a water purifying apparatus which can promote the coagulation reaction more efficiently by constructing the electrode with a material having a high ionization tendency.

A fourth object of the present invention is to provide a water purifying device which can realize the downsizing of the device and effectively promote the agglomeration by integrally forming the aggregating means in the filtering means.

A fifth object of the present invention is to provide a water purifying device which can obtain high filtration performance by reducing the filtration flow rate while the filtered suspension component is mixed in the flow channel as the coagulation auxiliary substance. Especially.

A sixth object is to reuse a part of the suspension component contained in the sewage at the time of backwashing the filtering means as a coagulation auxiliary substance, so that the coagulation auxiliary substance is not required to be replenished and maintenance is troublesome. It is to provide an unnecessary water purifier.

A seventh object is that the water purification apparatus can obtain stable filtration performance for a long period of time by detecting a change in flow rate of the flow to detect clogging of the filtration means and automatically performing backwashing operation. To provide.

Further, while the suspension component contained in the sewage at the time of backwashing is mixed in the channel as the coagulation auxiliary substance, the filtration flow rate is reduced to provide a water purifying device having high filtration performance. This is the eighth purpose.

[0018]

In order to achieve the above first object, the water purification apparatus of the present invention is a suspension contained in suspended water.
Aggregation means for aggregating substances with electrolyzed substances and suspension water
A filtering means for filtering the
Auxiliary filtration means and the suspension formed by the auxiliary filtration means.
And a suspension component mixing means for mixing the components into the suspension water passage .

In order to achieve the second object, the water purifying apparatus of the present invention comprises, as aggregating means, an anode for eluting metal ions, a cathode provided facing the anode, and between the anode and the cathode. It is composed of a constant current power source for applying a voltage.

In order to achieve the third object, the water purifying device of the present invention uses aluminum as an electrode and an anode as an electrode.
The cathode is made of stainless steel.

In order to achieve the fourth object, the water purifying device of the present invention is one in which the aggregating means is integrally provided inside the filtering means.

In order to achieve the fifth object, the water purifying apparatus of the present invention is provided with the first control means for controlling the flow rate control means to reduce the flow rate of the flow while the suspension component mixing means is in operation. It is a thing.

Further, in order to achieve the sixth object, the water purifying apparatus of the present invention comprises an aggregating unit for aggregating suspended substances with an electrolyzing substance, a filtering unit for filtering suspended water, and a clogging of the filtering unit. Backwashing means for washing the backwashing water , an auxiliary filtering means for filtering a part of the suspended matter contained in the backwashing water , and a suspension water passage during the filtering operation for the suspended components captured by the auxiliary filtering means. And a means for mixing suspended components to be mixed with.

Further, in order to achieve the seventh object, the water purification apparatus of the present invention is provided with a circulating water flow rate setting means and a flow rate sensor in the suspension water passage, and the output signal of the flow rate sensor and the flow rate setting means. The backwashing control means is provided for activating the backwashing means when the deviation signal of 1 becomes equal to or more than a predetermined value.

In order to achieve the eighth object, the water purifying apparatus of the present invention has a suspension component mixing means operating, that is, a suspension component contained in wastewater during backwashing as a coagulation auxiliary substance in a channel. The second control means for controlling the flow rate control means to reduce the flow rate during the mixing is provided.

[0026]

The water purifying apparatus according to the present invention comprises a coagulation means and a filtration means.
Means and an auxiliary filtering means provided upstream of the filtering means.
At the same time, the suspended components captured by the auxiliary filtration means
It is equipped with a means for mixing suspended components that mix in the suspension water passage.
Therefore, fine suspended substances such as bacteria are aggregated and
Form a lock and the filtered particle size is larger than the pore size of the filter media.
As it becomes harder, fine suspended substances can be purified. Also
An aggregating auxiliary substance for the suspended components filtered by providing auxiliary filtering means.
Since it is supplied as
Auxiliary substance is adsorbed on both fine particles and bridges both
The effect of strengthening the binding force) makes it even more effective
It can form a lock and filter more effectively,
The specified purification performance can be obtained. Bathing suspension components
In water, it is the stratum corneum and sebum exfoliated from the human body,
A good coagulation auxiliary substance with a large electric charge and a relatively large particle size
Becomes As a result, it is not necessary to supplement the coagulation auxiliary substance,
Maintenance-free can be realized. In addition, the operation of coagulation means
Since the frequency can be reduced,
Can be improved.

In the water purifying apparatus according to the second aspect of the present invention, as the aggregating means, an anode for eluting metal ions, a cathode provided facing the anode, and a constant current power source for applying a voltage between the anode and the cathode are provided. Since it is configured, aggregation can be performed electrically, and maintenance-free aggregation can be realized. In addition, since the amount of metal ions eluted, that is, the degree of aggregation can be adjusted by controlling the amount of electricity applied between the electrodes, it is possible to realize a water purification device with easy aggregation control. Also, since the power supply is a constant current power supply, even if the electrical characteristics change due to the oxidation of the electrode surface and the gap between the electrodes changes due to elution, the elution amount of metal ions is proportional to the current value according to Faraday's law, so stable aggregation is achieved. Is possible.

Further, in the water purifying apparatus according to the third aspect of the present invention, since the anode as the aggregating electrode is made of aluminum having a high ionization tendency, aluminum ions (cations) are easily eluted and react with water to produce aluminum hydroxide. The suspended substance is adsorbed by the aggregating action of the aluminum hydroxide, and the aggregated flocs are efficiently formed. Since the cathode is made of stainless steel, which has a relatively low ionization tendency,
There is no elution of ions from the cathode when de-energized, and there is no corrosion when used in water.

Further, in the water purifying apparatus according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the aggregating means is integrally provided inside the filtering means.
The apparatus can be downsized, and the flocculation flocs are appropriately agitated due to the turbulence of the water flow in the filtration means, which can effectively promote the flocculation.

In the water purifying apparatus according to the fifth aspect of the present invention, since the suspension component mixing means is in operation, the first control means for controlling the flow rate control means to reduce the flow rate of the flow is provided. While the suspension component filtered by the means is mixed in the flow channel, the filtration flow rate is reduced below a predetermined amount. As a result, the suspended component as the coagulation-assisting substance that has flowed into the filtration means reaches the surface layer of the filter medium without being stirred by the water stream,
A good cake layer is formed and high filtration performance is obtained.

The water purifying apparatus according to the sixth aspect of the present invention includes backwashing means for washing the clogging of the filtering means by backwashing.
An auxiliary filtering means for filtering a part of suspended matter contained in the backwash water is provided, and a suspended component mixing means for mixing the suspended component captured by the auxiliary filtering means into the suspended water passage during the filtering operation. Therefore, it becomes possible to reuse the suspension component contained in the wastewater at the time of backwashing the filtration means as the coagulation auxiliary substance. In addition, a large amount of suspended components are contained in the wastewater at the time of backwashing, and it becomes possible to efficiently capture the coagulation auxiliary substance. As a result, it is not necessary to supplement the coagulation auxiliary substance, and maintenance-free can be realized. Moreover, since the operating frequency of the aggregating means can be reduced, the durability of the aggregating means can be improved.

Further, in the water purifying apparatus according to the seventh aspect of the present invention, a backwashing device is provided with a flow rate sensor in the suspension water flow passage, the clogging of the filtering means is detected by detecting the difference from the set flow rate, and the backwashing means is activated. Since the control means is provided, the backwash operation is automatically performed according to the degree of clogging. As a result, stable filtration performance can be obtained over a long period of time.

Further, in the water purifying apparatus according to the eighth aspect of the present invention, while the suspension component mixing means is in operation, the second control means for controlling the flow rate control means to reduce the flow rate of circulation is provided, so that the backwashing operation is performed. While the suspension component captured from the sewage is mixed in the channel as the coagulation auxiliary substance, the filtration flow rate is reduced below the predetermined amount. As a result, the suspended components as coagulation-assisting substances that have flowed into the filtration means reach the surface layer of the filter medium in a slow state without being stirred by the water flow, and a good cake layer is formed, resulting in high filtration performance. Will be done.

[0034]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of a water purifying apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 14 is a flow rate control means for circulating the suspended water in the water tank 15 to the suspended water passage 16 and is composed of a water pump. Reference numeral 17 denotes a filter means filled with a filter medium 18 made of, for example, a ceramic ball or the like, for solid-liquid separating and purifying a suspended substance, and the straightening plate 1
9 and a housing 20. Reference numeral 21 denotes an aggregating unit 21 disposed upstream of the filtering unit 17 and provided inside the filtering unit 17 for adsorbing fine suspended substances to each other to increase the size thereof, and an anode 22 made of aluminum for eluting metal ions and an anode 22. The cathode 22 is made of stainless steel and is opposed to the anode 22 (here, the casing 20 also serves as the cathode) and a constant current power source 23 for applying a voltage between the anode 22 and the cathode 20. Reference numeral 24 is a heating means for keeping water warm, and 25 is a coagulation auxiliary means for mixing a coagulation auxiliary substance for effectively performing coagulation into the passage 16, which is an auxiliary agent container 27 filled with an auxiliary agent 26. And a mixing means 28 for mixing the auxiliary agent 26 into the passage 16, a metering means 29 for adjusting the mixing amount of the auxiliary agent 26, and a mixing control means 30.
It consists of

Next, the operation of the present embodiment having the above-mentioned structure will be described.
The operation will be described. When the flow rate control means 14 operates, the suspended water passes through the passage 16, the suspended water flows into the filtering means 17 as indicated by the arrow, and passes between the electrodes of the aggregating means 21. At this time, by the constant current power supply 23, the cathode 2
When 0 and the anode 22 are energized, aluminum ions having a high ionization tendency are eluted and react with water to form an aluminum hydroxide colloid. Since the suspended solids contained in water have a negative charge, the positively charged colloid of aluminum hydroxide serves as a binding medium, adsorbing fine suspended solids to each other to increase the particle size and form floc flocs. To be done. According to experiments, the particle size of suspended matter such as bacteria and organic matter is 0.
It was about 7 to 1 μm, and when 300 mA was applied between the electrodes to aggregate the particles, the particle size of the aggregated flocs increased to around 30 μm. Therefore, the filtration efficiency of the filter medium 18 can be improved. Since the aggregating means 21 is of an electrolysis type, it is possible to electrically perform the aggregation, and it is possible to realize maintenance-free aggregation. In addition, the amount of metal ions to be eluted, that is, the amount of aggregation can be easily controlled by controlling the amount of electricity supplied between the electrodes. Further, since the power source 23 is a constant current power source, the amount of metal ions eluted is proportional to the current value based on Faraday's law even if the electrical characteristics change due to oxidation of the electrode surface and the gap between the electrodes changes due to elution. Stable aggregation is possible.

On the other hand, when the metering means 29 is opened by the mixing control means 30, the coagulation auxiliary agent 26 is mixed into the passage 16 from the mixing means 28 and flows into the filtering means 17 together with the suspended water through the coagulation means 21. Here, as shown in FIG. 2, the gap size t formed by the filter medium 18 affects the pressure loss due to the passage of the suspended water, and there is a limit from the performance of the flow rate control means 14, that is, the water pump. Therefore, in order to use a low capacity water pump, it is necessary to reduce the pressure loss, and it is necessary from experiment to set the gap t of the filter medium 18 to about 100 μm. Therefore, if the flocculation is performed only by the flocculation means 21, sufficient filtration performance may not be obtained because the floc diameter is around 30 μm. On the other hand, when the coagulation auxiliary agent 26 is mixed, a floc sufficiently larger than the gap t is formed by the cross-linking action, and the filtration can be performed more effectively.

This mechanism will be described in detail with reference to FIG. In the figure, 31 is a fine suspended substance contained in the suspended water and has a negative charge. 32 is an aggregated polymer of aluminum hydroxide produced by electrolysis and has a positive charge. Therefore, positively charged aggregated polymer 3
2 is a negatively charged suspension substance 31 and a negatively charged coagulation aid 2
6 adheres to and binds to 6, and the flocculation aid 26 acts like a twisted yarn in which the negatively charged suspension substances 31 are joined, and the binding force is strengthened to form large flocs. Here, as the auxiliary agent 26, negatively charged active silicic acid, zeolite or the like is suitable, and the particle size thereof is the filter medium 18
It is desirable that the size be larger than the gap size t formed by the above.

The purified water filtered by the filtering means 17 is kept warm by the heating means, returns to the water tank 15 again, and these processes are repeated by circulation to purify the water in the water tank 15.

FIG. 4 is a characteristic diagram showing changes in the turbidity of water in the water tank 15 after bathing, which is shown based on the time immediately after bathing by four people. Here, for the characteristic A, only the filtering operation was performed without operating the aggregating means 21, and for the characteristic B, the aggregating means 21 was operated for 30 minutes after bathing by four persons. The amount of electricity supplied to the electrodes 20 and 22 at this time is 300 mA. Characteristic C is according to the present invention. Four persons bathed, and the flocculation means 21 was operated for 30 minutes, and 6 hours after bathing, 1 g of the auxiliary agent 26 made of activated silicic acid was mixed by the flocculation auxiliary means 25.
As can be seen from the figure, it is about 6 for characteristic A that does not involve agglomeration.
Turbidity increases after a lapse of time and tends to be saturated after 24 hours. This is mainly due to bacterial growth in the water tank 15 and the filtering means 17, and it is considered that fine suspended substances such as bacteria and organic colloid cannot be filtered. On the other hand, in the characteristic C according to the present invention, a low turbidity was obtained even after the elapse of 24 hours, and it can be seen that the fine suspended substances are aggregated and effectively filtered.

As described above, according to this embodiment, the following effects can be obtained. (1) Since the aggregating means 25 is provided in addition to the aggregating means 21, a large-sized floc is effectively formed by the crosslinking action of the auxiliary agent 26, and more effective filtration is possible.
Stable purification performance can be obtained. Further, since fine bacteria can be filtered, a sterilizing means is not required.

(2) Since the aggregating means is an electrolysis type, it is possible to electrically perform aggregating, and maintenance-free agglomeration can be realized. In addition, the amount of aggregation can be easily controlled by controlling the amount of electricity passed between the electrodes. Further, since the power source is a constant current power source, even if the electrode surface is deteriorated, the amount of metal ions eluted is proportional to the current value, and stable aggregation is possible.

(3) Since the anode 22 is made of aluminum having a high ionization tendency, aluminum ions are easily eluted and react with water to produce aluminum hydroxide,
Due to the aggregating action of this aluminum hydroxide, suspended substances are adsorbed, and agglomerated flocs are efficiently formed. Also cathode 2
Since 0 is made of stainless steel, there is no elution of ions from the cathode when de-energized, and since the cathode 20 also serves as the casing of the filtering means 17, the structure can be simplified.

(4) Since the aggregating means 21 is integrally provided inside the filtering means 17, the apparatus can be downsized,
Further, the flocculation flocs are appropriately agitated by the turbulence of the water flow in the filtering means 17, so that the flocculation can be effectively promoted.

(5) As the flocculation assisting means 25, the auxiliary agent container 27, the mixing means 28 for mixing the auxiliary agent 26 into the suspension water passage 16, and the adjusting means 29 for adjusting the mixing amount are used. Further, the coagulation auxiliary substance can be automatically supplied, and the operability is improved. In addition, it becomes easy to supplement the coagulation auxiliary substance.

(6) Since the flocculation aid 26 is composed of a substance having a negative charge and a particle size larger than the minute gap t formed by the filter medium 18, a higher flocculation effect is obtained and a high filtration performance is obtained. To be

FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a water purifying apparatus showing a second embodiment of the present invention, in which 33 is an auxiliary filtering means provided upstream of the filtering means 17, and 34 is a suspension captured by the auxiliary filtering means 33. It is a suspension component mixing means for mixing the components into the passage 16. The suspension component mixing means 34 is provided in the passage 16 and is capable of switching the flow paths in at least two directions.
5, a bypass path 36 that connects the flow path switching means 35 and the filtration means 17, a bypass path opening / closing means 37 provided in the bypass path 36, and a first control means for controlling the flow path switching means 35 and the bypass path opening / closing means 37. 38, and auxiliary filtering means 33 is provided between the bypass passage 36 and the passage 16. The first control means 38 is configured to control the flow rate control means 14 to reduce the flow rate by a predetermined amount while the suspension component mixing means 34 is operating. Others are the same as those of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, and the same reference numerals are given and detailed description thereof is omitted.

The operation and operation of this embodiment having the above-mentioned structure will be described below. When the flow rate control means 14 operates, the suspended water passes through the passage 16, the suspended water flows into the filtering means 17 as shown by the solid arrow, and the flocculating means 21.
Then, the suspended substances are aggregated by the same action and operation as in the embodiment of FIG.

On the other hand, for the suspended water passing through the passage 16 at the same time, since the port 35b of the passage switching means 35 is closed and the bypass passage opening / closing valve 37 is opened, the passage 1
6 also flows into the auxiliary filtration means 33 provided in parallel,
Suspended components are filtered and captured by the auxiliary filtration means 33. Next, when a predetermined amount of suspended substance is accumulated in the auxiliary filtration means 33, the first control means 38 operates to operate the flow path switching means 3
Switch the port of 5 from 35a to 35b side,
The bypass passage opening / closing valve 37 is closed. As a result, the suspended water is
As indicated by the broken line arrow, the suspended component trapped inside flows into the auxiliary filtration means 33 through the bypass 36, and flows back into the auxiliary filtration means 33 to be mixed into the filtration means 17. As a result,
The suspended substance mixed from the auxiliary filtration means 33 acts as a flocculation assisting substance, effective flocculation is performed based on the mechanism shown in FIG. 3, large flocs are formed, and effective filtration is performed. It will be. When the suspension water is bathing water, the main components of the suspension components are the stratum corneum and sebum separated from the human body, which are negatively charged and have a relatively large particle size, and serve as a good coagulation auxiliary substance. While the suspension component mixing unit 34 operates and the suspension component is mixed in the flow path 16, the first control unit 38 operates to control the flow rate control unit 14 and flow to the filtration unit 17. The flow rate is reduced by a predetermined amount. As a result, the suspended components flowing into the filtering means 17 adhere to the surface of the filter medium 18 in a slow state without being agitated by the water flow, and a good cake layer is formed, so that high filtration performance is obtained.

As described above, the following effects can be obtained in this embodiment. (1) Since the suspension component mixing unit 34 for mixing the suspension component captured by the auxiliary filtration unit 33 into the suspension water passage 16 is provided, the suspension component can be reused as an aggregation assisting substance. Become. As a result, it is not necessary to supplement the coagulation auxiliary substance, and maintenance-free can be realized. Moreover, since the operating frequency of the aggregating means 21 can be reduced, the durability of the aggregating means 21 can be improved.

(2) Since the suspension component mixing means 34 is constructed by the flow path switching system, the construction is simplified.

(3) While the suspension component mixing means 34 is operating,
Since the first control means 38 for reducing the flow rate is provided, the suspended components flowing into the filtration means 17 reach the surface layer of the filter medium without being stirred by the water flow, and a good cake layer is formed. Therefore, high filtration performance can be obtained.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram of a water purifying apparatus according to the third embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 39 is a filtering means 1.
7, which is a backwashing means for supplying backwash water to the backside 7 to wash the filter medium 18, and which is provided in the passage 16 and is capable of switching the flow paths in at least three directions, and the flow path switching means 4.
0 and the downstream side of the filtration means 17 are connected to each other, a backwash passage 41 provided downstream of the filtration means 17, and a discharge passage 43 for discharging backwash wastewater. 44
Is a backwash control means for controlling the backwash means 39, and the passage 1
When the deviation signal between the output of the flow rate sensor 45 and the output of the flow rate setting means 46 provided in FIG. 6 exceeds a predetermined value, the backwash means 39 is activated. Again 47
Is a suspension component mixing means for mixing a suspension component as a coagulation assisting substance into the passage 16, and a bypass passage 48 that connects the flow passage switching means 40 and the discharge passage 43, and a bypass passage opening / closing provided in the bypass passage 48. Means 49, second flow path switching means 50 provided in the discharge path 43 and capable of switching flow paths in at least two directions, flow path switching means 40, second flow path switching means 50, and bypass path opening / closing means. It is composed of second control means 51 for controlling 49. Reference numeral 52 denotes an auxiliary filtering means provided between the bypass passage 48 and the second flow passage switching means 50, which filters and captures suspended matter contained in the backwash water. Here, the second control means 51 is configured to control the flow rate control means 14 to reduce the flow rate by a predetermined amount while the suspension component mixing means 47 is operating. Others are the same as those of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, and the same reference numerals are given and detailed description thereof is omitted.

Next, the operation and operation of this embodiment having the above-mentioned structure will be described. When the flow rate control means 14 operates, the suspended water passes through the passage 16, the suspended water flows into the filtering means 17 as shown by the solid arrow, and the flocculating means 21.
Then, the suspended substances are aggregated by the same action and operation as in the embodiment of FIG.

On the other hand, the suspension water passing through the passage 16 is detected by the flow rate sensor 45 and compared with the set value by the setting means 46. When the filter material 18 of the filtering means 17 is clogged due to continuous use, the passing pressure loss increases and the flow rate of flow decreases. As a result, the flow rate sensor 45
And the deviation signal of the output of the setting means 46 becomes a predetermined value or more.
This is judged as clogging, the backwash control means 44 operates to switch the port of the flow path switching means 40 from the side 40a to the side 40b, the flow path opening / closing means 42 is closed, and further the second flow path switching means. 50 ports from 50a to 50b
Then, the water flows backward through the backwash passage 41 through the filtering means 17 as shown by the broken line arrow to wash away the suspended components accumulated on the filter medium 18, and is discharged to the outside through the discharge passage 43. In this way, the backwash operation is automatically performed according to the degree of clogging, and stable filtration performance can be obtained for a long period of time.

On the other hand, the second control means 51 is activated in conjunction with the operation of the backwash control means 44, the port of the second flow path switching means 50 is switched from 50b to 50c, and the bypass passage opening / closing means 49 is provided. Is opened, the suspended wastewater passes through the auxiliary filtration means 52, and the suspended matter in the wastewater is captured. In addition, a predetermined amount of suspended substance, that is, backwash water
When a part of the suspended solids therein is captured, the port of the second flow path switching means 50 is switched from 50c to 50b again and the bypass passage opening / closing means 49 is closed, so that the suspended solids more than necessary are generated. It is controlled so as not to be captured, and returns to the original state when the backwash operation is completed. This is more than necessary
When turbid substances are mixed in the filter means 17, the filter medium 18 forms the suspended matter.
This is because the gap that is formed causes clogging early.

Next, the operation of the suspension component mixing means 47 will be described. When the suspended solids accumulated in the auxiliary filtration means 52 are mixed into the flow path 16 during the filtration operation, first, the second control means 51 operates so that the port of the flow path switching means 40 operates as shown in FIG. The bypass passage opening / closing means 49 is closed while being switched to the 40c side, and the port of the second flow path switching means 50 is switched to the 50c side. As a result, the water flows back through the bypass passage 48 as shown by the arrow in the auxiliary filtration means 52, and the accumulated suspended solids become the second.
It is mixed in the filtering means 17 through the flow path switching means 50. As a result, the suspended substance mixed from the auxiliary filtration means 52 acts as a flocculation assisting substance, effective flocculation is performed based on the mechanism shown in FIG. 3, large flocs are formed, and effective filtration is performed. Will be performed. While the suspension component mixing unit 47 operates and the suspension component is mixed in the flow path 16, the second control unit 51 operates to control the flow rate control unit 14 to reduce the passing flow rate by a predetermined amount. To be done. As a result, the suspended components flowing into the filtering means 17 adhere to the surface of the filter medium 18 in a slow state without being agitated by the water flow, and a good cake layer is formed, so that high filtration performance is obtained.

As described above, according to this embodiment, the following effects can be obtained. (1) Since the auxiliary filtering means 52 for capturing a part of the suspended matter contained in the sewage during the backwash and the suspended component mixing means 47 are provided, the suspension components contained in the sewage during the backwash are assisted in aggregating. It becomes possible to reuse it as a substance. In addition, a large amount of suspended components are contained in the wastewater at the time of backwashing, and it becomes possible to efficiently capture the coagulation auxiliary substance. As a result, it is not necessary to supplement the coagulation auxiliary substance, and maintenance-free can be realized. Moreover, since the operating frequency of the aggregating means can be reduced, the durability of the aggregating means can be improved.

(2) The flow rate sensor 45 is provided, the clogging of the filtering means 17 is detected by detecting the difference from the set flow rate, and the backwashing means 39 is activated, so that the degree of clogging is automatically detected. The backwash operation is performed. As a result, stable filtration performance can be obtained over a long period of time.

(3) While the suspension component mixing means 47 is operating,
Since the second control means 51 for reducing the flow rate is provided, the suspended components mixed in the filtration means reach the surface layer of the filter medium in a slow state without being stirred by the water flow, and a good cake layer is formed. As a result, high filtration performance can be obtained.

[0061]

As described above in detail, in the water purifying apparatus of the present invention, the suspended components captured by the auxiliary filtering means are mixed in the suspended water passage.
Since a means for mixing suspended components is provided, the suspended components are aggregated.
It can be reused as an auxiliary substance, and aids aggregation.
Large flocs are effectively formed by the cross-linking action of substances
Stable purification that can be filtered more effectively
Performance is obtained. In addition, it is not necessary to replenish the coagulation auxiliary substance.
Maintenance-free and agglomerate
Since the operation frequency of the means can be reduced, the aggregating means
The durability of can be improved.

Further, in the water purifying apparatus of the present invention, since the aggregating means is of the electrolyzing type, the agglomeration can be performed electrically, and maintenance-free agglomeration can be realized. In addition, the amount of aggregation can be easily controlled by controlling the amount of electricity passed between the electrodes. Further, since the power source is a constant current power source, even if the electrode surface is deteriorated, the amount of metal ions eluted is proportional to the current value, so that stable aggregation is possible.

Further, in the water purifying apparatus of the present invention, since the anode as the aggregating electrode is made of aluminum having a high ionization tendency, aluminum ions are easily eluted and react with water to produce aluminum hydroxide. Suspended substances are adsorbed by the aggregating action of aluminum, and agglomerated flocs are efficiently formed. Since the cathode is made of stainless steel, there is no elution of ions from the cathode when de-energized,
No corrosion occurs even when used in water.

Further, in the water purification apparatus of the present invention, the flocculation means is integrally provided inside the filtration means, so that the apparatus can be downsized, and the flocculation flocs are appropriately agitated due to the disturbance of the water flow in the filtration means. Therefore, aggregation can be effectively promoted.

Further, since the water purifying apparatus according to the present invention is provided with the first control means for reducing the flow rate of the flow of the suspended component during the operation of the suspended component mixing means, the suspended component flowing into the filtering means flows in the water stream. As a result, it reaches the surface layer of the filter medium in a slow state without being stirred, and a good cake layer is formed, so that high filtration performance is obtained.

Further, since the water purifying apparatus according to the present invention is provided with the suspension component mixing means for capturing and mixing a part of the suspended matter contained in the sewage during the backwash, it is included in the sewage during the backwash. It is possible to reuse the suspension component as a coagulation aid. In addition, a large amount of suspended components are contained in the wastewater at the time of backwashing, and it becomes possible to efficiently capture the coagulation auxiliary substance. As a result, it is not necessary to supplement the coagulation auxiliary substance, and maintenance-free can be realized. Moreover, since the operating frequency of the aggregating means can be reduced, the durability of the aggregating means can be improved.

Further, the water purifying apparatus according to the present invention is provided with a flow rate sensor, detects clogging of the filtering means by detecting the difference from the set flow rate, and activates the backwashing means.
The backwashing operation is automatically performed according to the degree of clogging. As a result, stable filtration performance can be obtained over a long period of time.

Further, the water purifying apparatus according to the present invention is provided with the second control means for reducing the flow rate of the flow during the operation of the suspension component mixing means for mixing the suspended matter contained in the sewage at the time of backwashing. The suspended component mixed in the filtering means reaches the surface layer of the filter medium in a slow state without being stirred by the water flow,
A good cake layer is formed and high filtration performance is obtained.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a water purification device showing a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged view of the filter medium.

[Figure 3] Principle of the same aggregation

FIG. 4 is a characteristic diagram showing changes in turbidity of the same water.

FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram of a water purifier showing a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram of a water purification device showing a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a partial configuration diagram of the suspension component mixing means.

FIG. 8 is a configuration diagram of a water purification device showing a conventional example of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

14 Flow rate control means 16 passages 17 Filtering means 20 Cathode (case) 21 Aggregation means 22 Anode 23 Constant current power supply 25 Agglutination aids 26 Auxiliary agent 27 Auxiliary container 28 means of mixing 29 Metering means 33, 52 Auxiliary filtration means 34, 47 means for mixing suspended components 35, 40 flow path switching means 36,48 Bypass 37,49 Bypass opening / closing means 38 First control means 39 Backwashing means 41 Backwash 42 flow path opening / closing means 43 discharge path 44 Backwash control means 45 Flow sensor 46 Setting means 50 Second flow path switching means 51 Second control means

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (72) Inventor Satoshi Furuta 1006 Kadoma, Kadoma City, Osaka Prefecture Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. (56) Reference JP-A-3-213193 (JP, A) JP-A-1- 284389 (JP, A) JP-A-5-192694 (JP, A) JP-A-5-76876 (JP, A) JP-A-63-315191 (JP, A) JP-B-33-5291 (JP, B1) Japanese Patent Publication Sho 52-9616 (JP, B2) (58) Fields investigated (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B01D 35/147 B01D 36/04 C02F 1/463 C02F 1/52-1/56

Claims (11)

(57) [Claims] 1. An aggregating unit for aggregating a suspended substance contained in suspended water with an electrolyzing substance, a filtering unit for filtering the suspended water, an auxiliary filtering unit provided upstream of the filtering unit, and the auxiliary filtration. A water purification device comprising a suspension component mixing means for mixing the suspension component captured by the means into a suspension water passage. 2. The aggregating means comprises an anode for eluting metal ions, a cathode provided opposite to the anode, and a constant current power source for applying a voltage between the anode and the cathode.
The described water purification device. 3. The water purifier according to claim 2, wherein the anode is made of aluminum and the cathode is made of stainless steel. 4. The water purification apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the aggregating means is provided inside the filtering means. 5. The suspension component mixing means is a flow passage switching means provided in the suspension water passage and capable of switching flow passages in at least two directions, and a bypass passage connecting the flow passage switching means and the filtration means. It has a bypass passage opening / closing means provided in the bypass passage, and a first control means for controlling the flow passage switching means and the bypass passage opening / closing means, and the auxiliary filtering means between the bypass passage and the suspension water passage. Claim 1 which intervened
5. The water purification device according to any one of 4 to 4 . 6. The water purifying apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the first control means is configured to control the flow rate control means to reduce the flow rate of flow while the suspension component mixing means is in operation. 7. An aggregating means for aggregating suspended matter contained in the suspended water, a filtering means for filtering the suspended water, and a backwashing means for washing the clogging of the aforesaid suspended material by the backwashing. And an auxiliary filtering means for filtering a part of the suspended matter contained in the backwash water, and a suspension component mixing means for mixing the suspension component captured by the auxiliary filtration means into the suspension water passage during the filtering operation. The configured water purification device. 8. The backwash means is a flowpath switching means provided in the suspension water passage and capable of switching flowpaths in at least three directions, and a backwash passage communicating the flowpath switching means and the downstream side of the filtering means. The water purification apparatus according to claim 7, comprising: a flow path opening / closing means provided on the downstream side of the filtering means; and a discharge path for discharging the backwash wastewater. 9. A backflow means is provided when a flow water flow rate setting means is provided and a flow rate sensor is provided in the suspension water passage, and when the output signal of the flow rate sensor and the deviation signal of the flow rate setting means exceed a predetermined value. The water purification device according to claim 8 or 9, further comprising a backwashing control unit that is activated. 10. The suspension component mixing means is provided in a bypass passage communicating the flow passage switching means and the discharge passage, a bypass passage opening / closing means provided in the bypass passage, and the discharge passage, and at least two directions are provided. And a second control means for controlling the flow path switching means, the second flow path switching means, and the bypass path opening / closing means. the water purification device according to any one of the auxiliary filtration to claims 7 was interposed means 9 between the second flow path switching unit. 11. The water purifier according to claim 10, wherein the second control means is configured to control the flow rate control means to reduce the flow rate of the flow while the suspension component mixing means is in operation.