JP3496857B2 - Rock drilling equipment - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a drilling device for forming a slit-shaped groove in rock when excavating a tunnel.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, when excavating rock for building a tunnel or the like, for example, a blasting method using dynamite has been adopted. However, due to the impact of the blast, there was a problem that large vibrations and noise were generated, which adversely affected the surrounding environment and loosened the surrounding rock mass. Therefore, a method of statically excavating a tunnel or the like has been adopted. In this method, first, a large number of holes are partially overlapped and continuously formed along the outer circumference of the cross section of a tunnel or the like, and along the boundaries of a plurality of areas that divide the cross section, and slit-shaped grooves are formed by the row of holes. It is formed. Next, for example, a large number of split rock holes are formed in the region surrounded by the groove, a rubber tube type split rock machine is inserted, and the split rock machine is expanded to crush each region. A tunnel or the like is dug by repeating the formation of such a groove and the crushing of the region surrounded by the groove.

When many holes are continuously drilled by this method,
Conventionally, a drilling device as shown in FIGS. 4 (A) and 4 (B) has been used. Reference numeral 101 denotes a pedestal of a boring device, and a bracket 107 is mounted upright on the pedestal 101, a boring rod 104 penetrates the bracket 107, and is supported by the bracket 107 so as to be slidable in its longitudinal direction. There is. The drill bit 103 is fixed to the tip of the drill rod 104.

A rod support 1 through which a guide rod penetrates at a position in front of the bracket 107 on the base 101.
10 is provided and rotatably supports the drilling rod 104. Further behind the bracket 107, there is provided a drifter 102 which is movable integrally with the bracket 107 so as to be movable back and forth on a mount 101, and the other end of the drilling rod 104 is attached to the drifter 102. A guide rod 106 is attached to the bracket 107 in parallel with the drilling rod 104 and above the bracket 107 in parallel with the drilling rod 104. The guide rod 106 is hollow, water is injected at the time of drilling, and they are jetted from the tip of the rod 106.

When drilling a rock using such a drilling device, the tip of the guide rod 106 is first aligned with a hole that has already been drilled, and the drilling rod 104 is driven by a predetermined power source (not shown). )) To rotate the drifter 102
Is moved by a predetermined driving means (not shown) to gradually advance the drilling bit 103 together with the guide rod 106, and the drilling is performed adjacent to the guide rod 106. At the time of drilling, the water injected into the hollow portion of the guide rod 106 is
The cutting powder is jetted from the tip to cool the drill bit 103, and the cutting powder is washed away and removed backward.

[0006]

As described above, in the conventional drilling device, the guide rod 106 is gradually inserted into the hole to stabilize the drilling rod 104 through the bracket 107 and the rod support 110, and the guide rod is also provided. The gap between the hole into which 106 is inserted and the hole to be newly drilled is set appropriately. However, when the drill bit 103 is advanced, the drill bit 103 is removed from the rod support 110.
Since the distance to is long, the rod 104 gradually bends in the direction of the adjacent hole, that is, in the direction of the guide rod 106. This is because the resistance received by the drill bit 103 during drilling is small on the side where the hole has already been opened. And when the rock is particularly hard, the drilling rod 1
The bend of 04 becomes large, the peripheral part of the drill bit 103 contacts the guide rod 106, and the drill bit 103
Rotates while its peripheral portion slides on the surface of the guide rod 106. As a result, the guide rod 106 and the periphery of the drill bit 103 may be worn, and the guide rod 106 and the drill bit 103 may be damaged.
It is necessary to frequently replace the 06 and the drill bit 103.

In order to avoid contact between the guide rod 106 and the boring bit 103, it is possible to widen the distance between the guide rod 106 and the boring bit 103. The perforated holes disappear, and it becomes difficult to form a slit-shaped groove. Conventionally, such a contact between the guide rod and the drilled rod has led to a significant decrease in construction efficiency. On the other hand, drilling rod 104
If the tip portion 104a is thickened in order to avoid the bending, it becomes very difficult to discharge the cutting powder, and the construction efficiency is extremely reduced.

Therefore, the present applicant has filed Japanese Patent Application No. 7-11930.
No. 0 offers a rock drilling machine with improved construction efficiency. In Japanese Patent Application No. 7-119300, a guide rod is composed of a shaft member and a tubular member rotatably connected to the outer periphery of the shaft member over substantially the entire length of the shaft member. The cap member is provided to prevent the cap from falling off. However, in the previous application, the shaft member and the cap member are integrated, and when the boring bit contacts the cap member, the cap member does not rotate, and there is a problem that smooth boring is difficult to be performed. . Also,
In the structure in which the cap member is rotatably supported by the shaft member, the cap member is supported by the male screw portion at the center of the cap member and the female screw on the end surface of the shaft member. The shaft center of the cap shifts, and cutting powder flows into the female thread of the shaft member, which hinders the rotation of the cap member.As a result, the wear of the outer peripheral surface of the cap member due to contact with the bit becomes uneven, resulting in severe wear. Further, the frequency of replacement of the shaft member is increased due to wear of the female screw, and further, when the female screw is worn, the screw threads are not aligned when the cap is replaced, making it difficult to replace the cap member. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a rock drilling device capable of preventing the guide rod and the drilling bit from being worn or damaged by the contact between the guide rod and the drilling bit and further improving the working efficiency. is there.

[0009]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a pedestal, a guide rod supported at a tip of the pedestal, a pedestal extending parallel to the guide rod, and rotatable by the pedestal. A rock drilling device comprising a rotary rod movably supported in the extending direction and capable of projecting forward from the tip of the gantry, and a drilling bit attached to the tip of the rotary rod, wherein the guide rod Is a shaft member fixed to the tip of the gantry, rotatable about the outer circumference of substantially the entire length of the shaft member, and forward in the longitudinal direction of the shaft member.
A cylindrical member immovably coupled to the mount base, and the shaft portion.
A cap member provided at the tip of the material so as not to fall off from the tip, and the cap member has a tubular portion rotatably supported on the outer peripheral surface of the tip of the shaft member. ,Previous
An end face with which the tip of the tubular member can abut is formed at a position where the tubular portion faces the tip of the tubular member.

The present invention also, the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion is characterized <br/> that are formed at substantially the same diameter as the outer peripheral surface of the tubular member. Further, according to the present invention, a bush having a hardness lower than that of the cap member is fitted to a tip of the shaft member, and an inner peripheral surface of the tubular portion is rotatably supported by an outer peripheral surface of the bush. Characterize. Further, the present invention is characterized in that the cap member is disposed via a mounting member attached to the tip of the shaft member.
Further, the present invention, the mounting member is attached to the end surface of the shaft member, and has an outer peripheral surface having a smaller diameter than the outer peripheral surface of the bush coaxially with the shaft member, the cap member, The mounting member is characterized by having an inner peripheral surface facing the outer peripheral surface. According to the present invention, a gap is secured in the longitudinal direction of the shaft member between the outer peripheral surface of the bush and the outer peripheral surface of the mounting member in a state where the mounting member is attached to the tip of the shaft member. A collar portion that intervenes in the gap is bulged and formed on the inner peripheral portion of the cap member. Further, the present invention is characterized in that an O-ring is provided between the outer peripheral surface of the mounting member and the inner peripheral surface of the cap member. Further, the present invention is
The shaft member and the tubular member are both made of steel.

At the time of drilling, when the drilling rod bends and the peripheral portion of the rotating drilling bit comes into contact with the guide rod, the tubular member and the cap member rotate. As a result, the friction between the peripheral part of the drill bit and the surface of the cylindrical member is extremely small, the wear of the surface of the cylindrical member and the peripheral part of the drill bit hardly occurs, and the guide rod and the drill bit are not worn. Damage can be avoided. Therefore, it is not necessary to frequently replace the shaft member and the drill bit, and the construction efficiency can be greatly improved.

[0012]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described. In FIG. 3, reference numeral 1 denotes a mount of the drilling device, in which the right-hand side is the front part and the left-hand side is the rear part, and the mount 1 is, for example, a robotic arm of a manipulator for positioning the drilling device at a target position (for example, a drill jumbo). The articulated arm) is used by being attached to the front part. The gantry 1 has a bracket 7 at its tip, and the bracket 7 is provided with a rotary rod 4 to which the drill bit 3 is attached, a guide rod 6, and the like. The front portion of the rotary rod 4 penetrates the bracket 7, is supported by the bracket 7 so as to be rotatable and movable in the longitudinal direction thereof, and the drill bit 3 is attached to the tip of the rotary rod 4. The rotating rod 4 is hollow, and the hollow portion is connected to a plurality of openings provided in the front surface of the drill bit 3.

At the time of drilling, water is injected into the hollow portion from the rear end of the rotary rod 4, and the water is jetted from the opening of the drill bit 3. A rod support 10 is provided at a position behind the bracket 7 on the gantry 1, and rotatably supports the rear portion of the rotary rod 4. Further behind the rod support 10, brackets 802, 802
A drifter 2 movably mounted in the front and rear direction is provided on a pedestal 1 via a rotary rod 4, and the other end of the rotary rod 4 is mounted on the drifter 2.
Is driven to rotate. Frame 1 and brackets 802, 802
And a hydraulic cylinder 8 is provided between the lifter 2 and the lifter 2 and the hydraulic cylinder 8 expands and contracts to allow the bracket 80 to move.
2, 802, whereby the drifter 2, the rotating rod 4, and the drill bit 3 are integrally moved in the longitudinal direction of the rotating rod 4. A guide rod 6 is attached to the bracket 7 alongside the rotary rod 4 and above the guide rod 6 in parallel with the rotary rod 4. The guide rod 6 is also hollow, and air or water is injected from the rear end at the time of boring, and they are ejected from the tip of the rod 6.

Next, referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, the guide rod 6
The main part of will be described. FIG. 1 (A) is a side view of a main part of a rock drilling device according to the present invention, and FIG. 1 (B) is B of FIG. 1 (A).
B sectional view, FIG. 2 shows a sectional view of the tip of the guide rod. The guide rod 6 includes a shaft member 22, a tubular member 24 rotatably fitted to the shaft member 22, a cap member 26 for attaching the tubular member 24 to the shaft member 22, a mounting member 28, and the like. Has been done. The shaft member 22 is made of, for example, a steel material, and the tubular member 24 is made of a steel material having a hardness lower than that of the drill bit 3 and the shaft member 22.

The outer peripheral surface of the shaft member 22 has a base portion (see FIG. 1).
From the left side in (A)) to the front portion, a bearing surface 2202 having a diameter slightly smaller than the base portion and having a uniform diameter is formed. Further, a small diameter portion 2204 having a diameter smaller than that of the bearing surface 2202 is formed on the outer periphery of the tip portion of the shaft member 22, and a convex portion 2206 is formed at the center of the end surface of the small diameter portion 2204 so as to project in the extending direction of the shaft member 22. Has been done. A tubular bush 30 made of a bearing material having a hardness lower than that of the cap member 26 is fitted into the small diameter portion 2204, and the outer peripheral surface 30 of the bush 30 is fitted.
A has the same diameter as the bearing surface 2202.

A male screw 221 is provided at the end of the base of the shaft member 22.
0 is formed. The outer diameter of the male screw 2210 is smaller than that of the base portion 2212, and thus the base portion 2
The portion from 212 to the male screw 2210 is the conical portion 22.
It is 14. A hole 2216 through which air or water passes is formed in the central portion of the shaft member 22 over substantially the entire length. This hole 2216 is opened at the end surface on the male screw 2210 side. A plurality of openings 2218 are formed on the surface of the bearing surface 2202.
And the hole 2216 are connected to each other.

The bracket 7 is formed with an opening 702 for mounting the guide rod 6. The male screw 2210 at the base of the shaft member 22 is inserted through the opening 702, and the nuts 2210A and 2210B are screwed and tightened to the male screw 2210 protruding to the left of the opening 702, whereby the guide rod 6 is tightened. 2210A, 2
It is clamped and fixed to the bracket 7 by 210B and the conical portion 2214.

The tubular member 24 is the bearing surface 2 of the shaft member 22.
202 rotatably fitted to the base 2212 and the bearing surface 2
Step portion 2213 with 202 and the cap member 26
Therefore, it cannot move in the axial direction. The outer diameter of the tubular member 24 is formed so as to be an outer peripheral surface that is substantially continuous with the outer peripheral surface of the base portion 2212 of the shaft member 22.

The mounting member 28 is mounted coaxially with the shaft member 22 via a bolt 31 at the tip of the convex portion 2206 of the shaft member 22. The attachment member 28 is
An outer peripheral surface 280 of the cylindrical portion 2802 is composed of a cylindrical portion 2802 having an open front end, and an end surface portion 2804 formed at the rear end of the cylindrical portion 2802 and abutting against the end surface of the convex portion 2206.
2A is formed with a diameter smaller than the outer peripheral surface 30A of the bush 30, and the end surface of the bush 30 and the attachment member 28 are formed.
A gap S corresponding to the protruding length of the convex portion 2206 is secured between the end surface portion 2804 and the end surface portion 2804. A groove is formed on the outer peripheral surface 2802A of the cylindrical portion 2802, and an O-ring 32 for preventing dust inflow is fitted in the groove.

The cap member 26 includes a first tubular portion 2602 located outside the bush 30 and a second tubular portion 2604 located outside the mounting member 28. The outer peripheral surface 2602A of the first tubular portion 2602 is formed to have the same diameter as the tubular member 24.
The inner peripheral surface 2602B is formed to have a size rotatably supported by the outer peripheral surface 30A of the bush 30. Also, the second
An outer peripheral surface 2604A of the cylindrical portion 2604 is formed with a taper surface on the base side having the same diameter as the first cylindrical portion 2602 and a tapered side on the front side, and the inner peripheral surface 2604B of the second cylindrical portion 2604 is the outer periphery of the cap member 28. The inner peripheral surface 260 of the second tubular portion 2604 is formed to have a size that allows it to rotatably fit to the surface 2802A.
The O-ring 30 is elastically contacted with 4B. A flange portion 2606 that is inserted into the gap S is formed on the inner peripheral portion of the cap member 26, and the flange portion 2606 is configured to prevent the cap member 26 from falling off from the axial end of the shaft member 22. There is. Further, the tubular member 24 is configured so as not to fall out from the axial direction distal end of the shaft member 22 by the previous portion of the cylindrical member 24 comes into contact with the first cylindrical portion 2602 of the cap member 28. In other words, the first tubular portion 26
The cylindrical member 24 is placed at a position where 02 faces the tip of the cylindrical member 24.
Is formed with an end surface with which the tip of can contact.

Drilling by the rock drilling device having such a structure is performed as follows. There is already 1 hole in bedrock 19.
7 is formed. First, the guide rod 6 is inserted into the hole 17 as shown in FIG. Then, air or water is injected under pressure into the hole 2216 of the shaft member 22 from the end portion on the male screw 2210 side. The injected air or water enters the gap between the bearing surface 2202 and the inner peripheral surface of the tubular member 24 through the plurality of openings 2218, and then passes through the gap and exits from both ends of the tubular member 24 to the outside. . By thus circulating air or water between the bearing surface 2202 and the tubular member 24, the shaft member 22 and the tubular member 24 are
The friction between the cylindrical member 24 and the cylindrical member 24 is reduced, and the tubular member 24 rotates smoothly.

By inserting the guide rod 6 into the hole 17, the guide rod 6 is fixed to the bedrock 19 and thus the bracket 7
Will also be fixed to bedrock 19. Then, the rotary rod 4 is rotated at a high speed, the drill bit 3 is gradually advanced, and drilling is performed adjacent to the hole 17 into which the guide rod 6 is inserted. When the drilling progresses and the distance from the bracket 7 to the drilling bit 3 gradually becomes longer, the force toward the existing hole 17 adjacent thereto becomes larger, and the rotating rod 4 bends toward the hole 17 side. When the bedrock 19 is particularly hard, the bending of the rod 4 is large, and the peripheral portion 3a of the drill bit 3 contacts the guide rod 6. At this time, in the conventional drilling device, the surface of the guide rod 6 and the peripheral portion of the drilling bit 3 itself are worn by the rotation of the drilling bit 3, or the guide rod 6 and the drilling bit 3 are damaged. However, in the drilling device of the present embodiment, when the peripheral portion 3a of the drilling bit 3 comes into contact with the guide rod 6, the guide rod 6
The cylindrical member 24 that constitutes the outer peripheral portion of is also rotated.

Even if the drill bit 3 advances to the tip of the guide rod 6 and the drill bit 3 contacts the cap member 26, the cap member 26 can be rotated by the bush 30 attached to the shaft member 22. Since the cap member 26 is smoothly rotated about the axis of the shaft member 22, the outer peripheral portion of the guide rod 6 with which the boring bit 3 contacts is rotated over its entire length. Therefore, the friction between the guide rod 6 and the peripheral portion 3a of the bit 3 is extremely small, the surface of the guide rod 6 and the peripheral portion 3a of the drill bit 3 are hardly worn, and the damage thereof can be avoided. . As a result, the guide rod 6 and the drill bit 3
The need for frequent replacement is eliminated and construction efficiency is greatly improved.

Further, since the friction between the guide rod 6 and the peripheral portion 3a of the drill bit 3 is extremely small, the rotational force of the drill bit 3 is hardly lost even when both are in contact with each other. Therefore, high-speed drilling is possible, and the construction efficiency is improved also in this respect. Further, since the friction between the guide rod 6 and the drill bit 3 is extremely small, the drill bit 3 and the guide rod 6 are arranged close to each other, and the drill bit 3 comes into contact with the guide rod 6 from the beginning. It is also possible to carry out drilling in the state. By doing so, even if the rotary rod 4 bends slightly in the direction away from the guide rod 6, the newly drilled hole is always connected to the hole into which the guide rod 6 is inserted even in the deep portion. Become. That is, the grooves are correctly formed even in the deep part of the bedrock.

Further, the places worn by long-time operation are the outer peripheral portion of the tubular member 24, the outer peripheral portion of the cap member 26, and the outer peripheral portion of the bush 30. When these members are worn, these tubular members are worn. Member 24, cap member 26,
It is only necessary to replace the bush 30, and in this replacement as well, since the cap member 26 is mounted via the mounting member 28 and the O-ring 32, it is difficult to replace the cap member because the screw threads do not match as in the previous application. There is no such problem, and it can be easily and quickly performed by removing the bolt 31. Therefore,
The long and expensive shaft member 22 does not need to be replaced and is economical. Further, since the inner peripheral portion of the cap member 26 is rotatably supported on the shaft member 22 side, a material having a hardness lower than that of a steel material such as rubber or polyethylene can be used as the cap member 26. When such a material is used, it is cheaper than steel material, the processing cost is also low, and it is advantageous in reducing the cost, and is also advantageous in preventing the wear of the bit 3.

The injection of air or water into the hole 2216 of the guide rod 6 is not always carried out, but may be carried out as necessary depending on the condition of cutting powder and the condition of drilling in the hole.

[0027]

As is clear from the above description, according to the present invention .
Lever, when cutting holes, drilled rod bend, rotate to have drilling bit periphery guide rod, i.e. in contact with the tubular member and the cap member for covering the shaft member, the tubular member, the cap member also Rotate. As a result, the friction between the periphery of the drill bit and the surface of the tubular member of the guide rod becomes extremely small, the guide rod and the drill bit do not need to be frequently replaced, and the working efficiency is greatly improved. You can In addition, since it is not necessary to make the drilling rod extra thick, the discharge of cutting powder is smooth, and water can be jetted not only from the drilling rod but also from the guide rod if necessary, improving the cutting powder discharge efficiency. High-speed drilling becomes possible.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1A is a side view of a main part of a rock drilling device of the present invention,
(B) is a BB sectional view of (A).

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a tip portion of a guide rod.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a rock drilling device of the present invention.

FIG. 4A is a front view of a conventional rock drilling device, and FIG.
Is a partially enlarged view.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 stand 2 Drifter 3 drilling bits 4 rotating rod 6 Guide rod 7 bracket 22 Shaft member 24 Cylindrical member 26 Cap member 28 Mounting member 30 bush

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Toshiro Tsuchiya 4-6-15 Sendagaya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo Fujita Co., Ltd. (56) References Japanese Patent Publication 6-3104 (JP, B2) (58) Field (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) E21B 7/02 E21B 19/24 E21B 19/08-19/089 E21B 3/00 E21B 3/025 E21B 3/03 E21B 6/02 E21B 25/00-25 / 18

Claims (8)

(57) [Claims] 1. A gantry, a guide rod supported at the tip of the gantry, a pedestal extending in parallel with the guide rod, rotatably supported by the gantry, and movably in the extending direction from the tip of the gantry. In a rock drilling device comprising a rotary rod capable of projecting forward, and a drill bit attached to a tip of the rotary rod, the guide rod includes a shaft member fixed to a tip of the mount, A cylindrical member rotatably attached to the outer periphery of the shaft member over substantially the entire length thereof and immovably connected to the gantry side in the longitudinal direction of the shaft member, and a tip end of the shaft member from the tip end.
And a cap member provided so as not to fall off. The cap member has a tubular portion rotatably supported on the outer peripheral surface of the tip of the shaft member, and the tubular portion faces the tip of the tubular member. A rock drilling device, characterized in that an end face with which the tip of the tubular member can abut is formed at a location . Wherein said cylindrical portion outer peripheral surface the cylindrical member substantially the same rock drilling apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that formed in diameter and the outer peripheral surface of the. The tip of claim 3 wherein said shaft member, said cap member is lower bushing hardness fitted than, the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion according to claim 1 which is rotatably supported by the outer peripheral surface of the bush Or the rock drilling device according to 2. 4. The rock drilling device according to claim 1, wherein the cap member is provided via a mounting member attached to the tip of the shaft member. 5. The mounting member is attached to an end surface of the shaft member, and has an outer peripheral surface that is coaxial with the shaft member and has a smaller diameter than an outer peripheral surface of the bush. The rock drilling device according to claim 4, further comprising an inner peripheral surface facing the outer peripheral surface of the mounting member. 6. A gap is secured in the longitudinal direction of the shaft member between the outer peripheral surface of the bush and the outer peripheral surface of the mounting member with the mounting member attached to the tip of the shaft member. The rock drilling device according to claim 5, wherein a flange portion that intervenes in this gap is formed so as to bulge on the inner peripheral portion of the cap member. 7. The rock drilling device according to claim 5, wherein an O-ring is provided between the outer peripheral surface of the mounting member and the inner peripheral surface of the cap member. 8. The rock drilling device according to claim 1, wherein both the shaft member and the tubular member are made of steel.