JP3496066B2 - Excavator - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an excavator that can be used in vertical shafts, tunnels, deep foundations, etc.

[0002]

[Problems of the prior art] A large-scale reaction force body is required when, for example, excavating a hard rock with a large cross section at once. As a result, the entire excavator becomes large and heavy, which causes problems such as an increase in cost and difficulty in securing a working space.

[0003]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object thereof is to reduce the size and weight of an excavator as a whole by eliminating the need for a large-scale reaction force body. An object of the present invention is to provide an excavator capable of reducing the cost and narrowing the required work space.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is capable of gripping and releasing a telescopic casing gripping device mounted on the end of an arm of a base machine and a gripping device in the hollow portion of the gripping device. The casing inserted into the casing, the preceding excavator equipped at the tip of the casing, and the end of the grasping device on the side of the preceding excavator that is rotatable about the axis of the casing. An excavator comprising a rotating body and a main excavating device which is mounted on the rotating body and is configured to be rotatable around the casing. Further, the excavator is characterized in that the tip of the casing is configured to be expandable, or the cross-sectional outer shape in the direction orthogonal to the axis of the casing is formed into a non-circular shape. Further, the excavator is characterized in that the main excavator is configured to be movable in a direction orthogonal to a casing axis.

[0005]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. <B> Overview of the entire apparatus As shown in FIG. 1, the excavator of the present invention is a base machine 1
A retractable casing gripping device 2 equipped at the tip of the arm 11, a casing 3 that is inserted into the hollow portion of the gripping device 2 so as to be gripped and opened by the gripping device 2, and this casing. 3, a preceding excavation device 4 mounted on the tip of the casing 3, and a rotating body 5 mounted on the end of the grasping device 2 on the side of the preceding excavation device 4 so as to be rotatable about the axis of the casing 3.
The main excavator 6 is attached to the rotating body 5 and is configured to be rotatable around the casing 3.

<B> Base Machine The base machine 1 is constructed so that it can run, and its arm 11
A gripping device 2 is provided at the tip of the device so that it can be swung freely by a plurality of jacks and the like. Since the weight of the base machine 1 is sufficient to receive only the reaction force during the preceding excavation,
It can be made considerably lighter than a conventional base machine.

<C> Holding Device The holding device 2 has a hollow cylindrical outer shape in which the annular frames 21, 22, 23 can be separated and combined by a plurality of telescopic jacks 24a, 24b. . The front end of the arm 11 of the base machine 1 is axially supported by the outer peripheral surface of the frame 22, and both are connected.

Further, inside the frames 21 and 22, a plurality of small jacks 25 which expand and contract in a direction orthogonal to the axis.
a and 25b are built in, and are configured to grip the outer peripheral surface of the casing 3.

<D> Casing The casing 3 has an external dimension that can be inserted into the hollow portion of the gripping device 2, and the expansion means 31 may be provided at the tip portion thereof. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, the casing 3 is divided into a plurality of sheets by making a slit in the axial direction at the tip portion thereof, and the base end side thereof is pivotally supported, and the tip end side is formed by hydraulic pressure or mechanical means. To be able to open. In addition, casing 3
If the cross-sectional outer shape in the direction orthogonal to the axis line is formed in a non-circular shape such as a quadrangle, a hexagon, or an ellipse as shown in FIG. 2, it is possible to prevent the casing 3 from co-rotating during main excavation. You can

<E> Advance excavation device The advance excavation device 4 is housed in the casing 3,
The excavation bit 41 attached to the tip of the casing 3 projects from the tip of the casing 3. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the excavation bit 41 has a guide member 42 located in the casing 3.
In the present embodiment, since the guide member 42 has a quadrangular shape, the excavation bit 41 moves in a quadrangular shape and excavates a cross-sectional shape substantially equal to the outer shape of the casing 3. It will be possible.

<F> Rotating body The rotating body 5 is, for example, a cylindrical body that is externally mounted on the casing 3. One end of the rotating body 5 is attached to the end of the gripping device 2 on the side of the preceding excavation device 4 and is rotatable by a known mechanism. It is installed.

<G> Main excavator The main excavator 6 comprises a drill bit 61 arranged toward the tip side of the casing 3 and a widening mechanism 62 for mounting the drill bit 61 on the rotating body 5. Become. Widening mechanism 62
Are arranged so that the arms 63a and 63b are intersected with each other, one end of the arm 63a is slidably supported on the excavation bit 61, the other end is pivotally supported on the rotating body 5, and the arm 63b is also supported. One end is pivotally supported on the excavation bit 61, and the other end is slidably supported on the rotating body 5 so as to be configured. by this,
The main excavator 6 has a rotating body 5 centered on the axis of the casing 3.
It is also rotatably equipped, and is configured to be movable in a direction orthogonal to the axis of the casing 3 and widened by expansion and contraction of the widening mechanism 62. As the other widening mechanism, a backhoe or a road header excavating arm mechanism can be used, and the widening mechanism is not particularly limited.

[0013]

Next, the method of use and the operation of the excavator constructed as above will be described. First, as shown in FIG. 1, a reaction force is applied to the base machine 1 to push the casing 3 into the ground to a predetermined depth while performing the pre-excavation by the pre-excavation device 4 and then the expansion means 31. Expand. A method of pushing the casing 3 will be described with reference to FIG.
This can be done by holding a, holding 25b open, and setting the telescopic jack 24a in an extended state, and then pulling back the telescopic jack 24a to apply a reaction force to the base machine 1.

Next, as shown in FIG. 3, only the small jack 25b of the gripping device 2 is opened, the telescopic jack 24a is extended to push down the devices below the frame 21, and
Main digging is performed by the main digging device 6 by rotating the rotating body 5. At this time, widening excavation is possible by extending the widening mechanism 62.

When the telescopic jack 24a is fully extended, as shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG.
Next, the telescopic jack 24b is extended, main excavation is performed in the same manner as above, and further excavation is performed.

When the telescopic jack 24b has been dug down to the fully extended position, as shown in FIG. 5, the telescopic jacks 24a and 24b are contracted to raise the main excavation device 6 above the excavation surface to complete one cycle.

In the next cycle, as in the above case, the casing 3 is pushed in further deeply. After that, the main excavation is repeated in the same manner, and when the main excavation reaches the predetermined depth, the work ends.

[0018]

Since the present invention is as described above, the following effects can be obtained.

<a> Since the excavation is carried out in two stages of the preceding excavation and the main excavation, and the reaction force at the time of the main excavation can be taken as the casing, the base machine can obtain only the small reaction force at the time of the preceding excavation. The excavator can be made smaller and lighter as a whole. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the cost and the required work space.

<B> When the tip of the casing is configured to be expandable in the ground, the pulling-out resistance of the casing increases, so that a larger reaction force during excavation can be obtained.

<C> When the casing has a non-circular outer shape, co-rotation of the casing during main excavation can be prevented.

<D> When the main excavating device is configured to be movable in the direction orthogonal to the casing axis, the excavation area can be arbitrarily widened and adjusted.

<E> By performing the preceding excavation with the preceding excavation device, it is possible to perform the preliminary investigation of the underground geology.

<F> It can be used for tunnels and deep foundation works,
It has excellent versatility.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of an embodiment of an excavator of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of a preceding excavation device.

[Figure 3] Illustration of how to use

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of how to use

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of how to use

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] Claims: 1. A telescopic casing holding device equipped at the tip of an arm of a base machine, and a casing which is inserted into a hollow portion of the holding device so as to be held and released by the holding device. -A preceding excavation device equipped at the tip of the sing, a rotating body equipped at the end of the grasping device on the side of the preceding excavating device so as to be rotatable around the axis of the casing, and mounted on this rotating body. JP that it has expandable configure Thing tip - becomes more main drilling apparatus pivotably configuration around the single, the Ke - said Ke Te
An excavator to collect. 2. The excavator according to claim 1, wherein the cross-sectional outer shape in a direction orthogonal to the axis of the casing is non-circular.
An excavator characterized by being formed into a shape . 3. The excavator according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the main excavator is moved in a direction orthogonal to the axis of the casing.
An excavator characterized by being configured to be movable .