JP2674731B2 - Large-diameter hole excavation method and equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a large-diameter hole excavation method and apparatus.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, for drilling holes, (1) deep foundation method (2) reverse circulation excavation method (3) earth drill method (4) casing rotary indentation method (5) percussion excavation method (6) There was an air hammer excavation method, etc., and the excavation method was selected according to the excavation diameter, geology, groundwater, construction site, etc.

[0003]

The excavation diameter is, for example, 3 m.
For large-diameter holes exceeding 10 mm, the deep foundation method was used, but since the excavation was carried out manually at the bottom of the holes, the excavation efficiency was poor and dangerous.

Further, the reverse circulation excavation method has not been possible in a stratum containing boulders and boulders.

Further, especially in excavation in mountainous areas,
A lightweight and compact excavation device has been desired due to problems such as roads for transportation.

An object of the present invention is to provide a large-diameter hole excavation method which is highly efficient in excavation and is safe, and a lightweight and compact device therefor.

[0007]

According to the construction method of the present invention, a rotary pushing device is installed at an excavation site, and a ring cutter which can be fixedly opened and closed by the earth and sand inlet and a gripper device and can be expanded and reduced by an expansion and contraction device. Support the provided casing, open the ring cutter and push the casing by rotating to push the casing to discharge the excavated earth and sand through the earth and sand inlet while pushing the casing for a predetermined length and pull up the casing to remove the ring cutter. While fixing to the casing and expanding the diameter, pushing the casing and expanding the hole excavated by the casing with the ring cutter to a large diameter hole, discharging the excavated earth and sand through the earth and sand inlet, the diameter of the predetermined length is increased. When finished, the ring cutter is reduced in diameter and the casing is pulled up.

The apparatus according to the present invention comprises a casing having a cutter at the bottom and a sediment inlet near the bottom, and a ring cutter which surrounds the casing and can be fixedly opened and closed to the casing by a gripper device and can be expanded and contracted by an expansion and contraction device. A rotary pushing device that supports and rotates the casing and pushes the casing, and a means for discharging excavated soil in the casing are provided.

A hydraulic jack is preferably used for the gripper device and the expansion / contraction device so that the gripper device and the expansion / contraction device can be operated remotely from the ground.

Further, as the discharging means, it is preferable to use a well-known excavator and a discharging bucket suspended in the casing.

[0011]

In the present invention, a large diameter hole is excavated by pushing the casing and expanding the hole excavated by a ring cutter with an enlarged diameter by remote control. Therefore, excavation efficiency is good and safe.

Therefore, the device can be made light and compact.

[0013]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

In FIG. 1, the excavator is generally designated by reference numeral 1.
A rotary pushing device, a casing 10 supported by the device 1, and a ring cutter and a wire 7 of the crane C, which are attached to the casing 10 and wholly designated by the reference numeral 20.
7, a publicly known excavator 8 which is a discharging means suspended in a casing 10 and a discharging bucket 9 (FIG. 6) are roughly configured. Reference numeral 13 in the drawing is a known expandable / contractible liner plate.

The pedestal 2 of the rotary pushing device 1 is formed with an opening 3 through which the casing 10 penetrates. A rotary pushing mechanism 4 surrounding the opening 3 and a plurality of winches 5 for raising and lowering the casing 10 by wires 6 are provided.

The casing 10 is extendable,
A plurality of cutters 11 are planted at the lower edge portion thereof, and a plurality of earth and sand intakes 12 are formed at a position slightly above the lower edge portion.

Referring also to FIGS. 2 and 3, the casing 10
The frame 21 of the ring cutter 20 is fused with the. In the illustrated example, the frame 21 is provided with three arc-shaped grippers 23 a to 23 c, and the hydraulic jack 2
The diameter of the frame 21 is reduced by the contraction of 4 and the frame 21 is
It is designed to be fixed to the grippers 23a-23c.
A gripper device 22 is configured by the hydraulic jack 24 and the hydraulic jack 24.

Further, the frame 21 is provided with multiple pairs (in the illustrated example, two pairs of circumferentially equally arranged) expansion / contraction devices 25a, 25b. The expansion / contraction devices 25a and 25b are interposed between an outer cylinder 26 fixed to the frame 21, an inner cylinder 27 slidably accommodated in the outer cylinder 26, and both cylinders 26 and 27. It is composed of a mounted hydraulic jack 28.

One of the pair of expansion / contraction devices 25a, 25a
The first cutter holder 30 having an arc shape is attached to the outer side in the radial direction of the second cutter holder 3 shorter than the first cutter holder 30 in the other pair of expansion / contraction devices 25b, 25b.
1 is attached. Both cutter holders 30, 3
A pair of brackets 32 and an L-shaped bracket 33 are respectively provided upright on the inner circumference of 1.

Referring also to FIG. 4, a hydraulic jack 35 having a pin 34 is erected on the upper bracket 32, and the bracket 32, 33, the hydraulic jack 35 and the pin 34 constitute a locking device 36. . The hydraulic jacks 24, 28 and 35 are respectively connected to a hydraulic circuit (not shown) so that they can be expanded and contracted by remote control. Further, as shown in FIG. 5, a plurality of cutters 37 are planted at the lower edges of the first and second cutter holders 30 and 31.

The diameter expansion of these cutter holders 30 and 31 is
One pair of expansion / contraction devices 25a, 25 from the state shown in FIG.
After extending the hydraulic jack 28 of a, the hydraulic jacks 28 of the other pair of expansion / contraction devices 30 and 31 are extended to expand both cutter holders 25a and 25b on the same circumference as shown in FIG. The jack 35 is extended, and the pin 34 is inserted into the through holes 32a and 33a of both brackets 32 and 33 and locked.

Next, a mode of excavating a large diameter hole will be described with reference to FIGS. 6 to 8.

First, as shown in FIG. 6, when the rotary pushing device 1 is installed at the excavation site, the casing 10 is inserted into the rotary pushing device 1 and the frame 21 of the ring cutter 20 previously placed on the ground. Therefore, the ring cutter 20 is released from the casing 10. In this state, the casing 10 is rotated and pressed by the rotary pushing device 1 to excavate the small diameter hole H with the cutter 11. At this time, the excavated earth and sand is taken into the casing 10 through the earth and sand intake 12 and discharged to the ground by the excavator 8 and the discharge bucket 9. Then, after excavating a certain length L as shown by the chain line, the casing 10 is pulled up by the wire 6 by the winch 5.

Next, as shown in FIG. 7, the hydraulic jack 24 of the gripper device 22 is contracted to fix the ring cutter 20 to the casing 10, and the expansion / contraction devices 25a, 2a and 2b.
The hydraulic jack 28 of 5b is extended to expand the diameters of the first and second cutter holders 30 and 31, and the hydraulic jack 35 is extended and locked. Then, rotate and press the casing 10,
The cutter 37 expands the small hole H into the large hole H1. By repeating excavation of both holes H and H1, as shown in FIG.
After excavation of the large-diameter hole H1 having the predetermined length L1, the diameter of the ring cutter 20 is reduced and the casing 10 is pulled up. All of these operations are performed remotely from the ground.

[0025]

As described above, according to the present invention, a large diameter hole can be excavated efficiently and safely.

At this time, since the casing is pushed in while excavating the earth and sand around the casing, the frictional force of the casing does not increase, and excavation of a large diameter is possible with a small rotational force.

Further, since the diameter expanding excavation and the excavation earth and sand discharge are performed at the same time, the excavation speed is improved.

Further, since it is composed of the rotary pushing device and the ring cutter, it is lightweight and compact and convenient for carrying into a mountainous area.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of an excavating device.

FIG. 2 is a top view of the gripper device and the expansion / contraction device when the ring cutter is in a reduced diameter state.

FIG. 3 is a top view of the expanded state of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a front view showing a ring cutter.

FIG. 5 is a side view showing a ring cutter.

FIG. 6 is a vertical cross-sectional view illustrating a casing excavation process.

FIG. 7 is a vertical cross-sectional view illustrating a diameter expansion process using a ring cutter.

FIG. 8 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a finished state of a large-diameter hole having a predetermined length.

[Explanation of symbols]

 C ... Crane H ... Small-diameter hole H1 ... Large-diameter hole 1 ... Rotating pushing device 2 ... Stand 3 ... Opening portion 4 ... Rotating pushing mechanism 5 ... Winch 6 , 7 ... Wire 8 ... Excavator 9 ... Discharge bucket 10 ... Casing 11, 37 ... Cutter 12 ... Sediment intake 13 ... Liner plate 20 ... Ring Cutter 21 ... Frame 22 ... Gripper device 23a-23c ... Gripper 24, 28, 35 ... Hydraulic jack 25a, 25b ... Expansion / contraction device 26 ... Outer cylinder 27 ... Inner cylinder 30・ ・ ・ First cutter holder 31 ・ ・ ・ Second cutter holder 32, 33 ・ ・ ・ Brackets 32a, 33a ・ ・ ・ Through hole 34 ・ ・ ・ Pin 36 ・ ・ ・ Lock device

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A rotary pushing device is installed at an excavation site, and a casing provided with a sand cutter and a ring cutter that can be fixedly opened and closed by a gripper device and can be expanded and reduced by an expansion device is supported on the device, and the ring cutter is attached to the casing. Open and rotate the casing to push it in to excavate the hole, discharge the excavated soil through the soil intake port, push the casing for a predetermined length to pull up the casing, fix the ring cutter to the casing and expand the diameter. Press the button to expand the hole excavated by the casing by the ring cutter into a large diameter hole, discharge the excavated earth and sand through the earth and sand inlet, and reduce the diameter of the ring cutter after the expansion of the specified length is completed. A large-diameter hole excavation method characterized by pulling up. 2. A casing having a cutter at the bottom and a sediment inlet near the bottom, a ring cutter that surrounds the casing, is fixed to the casing by a gripper device, and can be expanded and contracted by an expansion and contraction device, and supports the casing. A large-diameter hole excavating device, which is provided with a rotary pushing device for rotating and pushing, and a means for discharging excavated earth and sand in the casing.