JP3495505B2 - Moving roof type astronomical observation room - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention installs a large astronomical telescope,
The present invention relates to a moving roof type astronomical observation room in which a moving roof is opened for observation.

[0002]

[Prior art and its problems]

A large astronomical telescope is fixedly installed in the observation room. Since a part of the roof of this observation room is closed during non-observation and opened during observation, a hemispherical dome type is conventionally known. This dome type opens and closes the slit in the ceiling.Since the slit is quite narrow compared to the roof area, not only can you not overlook the entire sky, but you can also move the slit in the direction of the celestial body as it moves during observation. In order to turn it, it was necessary to move (rotate) the entire roof separately. In addition, it takes time for the air in the room to be replaced by the outside air through the slits, so it takes time for the fluctuations of the air generated in the observation room to subside, which may hinder the observation.

On the other hand, there is also known a sliding roof type in which the entire ceiling portion of the observation room is opened and closed by a sliding roof. In this sliding roof type, the movement of the air inside and outside occurs quickly, and therefore the fluctuation of the air does not hinder the observation. However, since the sliding roof moves in the horizontal direction, there is a problem that the moved roof hinders the visibility. Of course, the problem that the visibility is obstructed can be solved to some extent by reducing the size of the roof and increasing the moving distance, but a large space is required for retracting the roof. In addition, since the large astronomical telescope has a high pivot point,
There is a limit to downsizing a sliding roof that moves horizontally.

[0005]

An object of the present invention is to make it possible to open the entire ceiling of the observation room without obstructing the field of view during observation, to reduce the retractable space of the sliding roof at the time of opening, and to facilitate a large astronomical telescope. The purpose is to obtain a moving roof type astronomical observation room that can be stored in.

[0006]

The moving roof type astronomical observation room of the present invention is an observation room in which an astronomical telescope is installed and the ceiling is open; a pair of left and right half-sliding roofs that open and close the open ceiling part of this observation room. Body: This pair of half slide roof
Guide means for moving and guiding to an upper closed position close to the upper part of the observation room to close the open ceiling part thereof, and a lower open position located apart from the lower part of the observation room to open the open ceiling part; A slide roof driving device for slidingly moving a pair of half-sliding roof bodies along the guide means; each half-sliding roof body is viewed in plan view.
A pair of vertical walls located outside the outer wall of the observation room,
And a roof wall that connects the pair of vertical walls,
Is guided by the guide means .

[0007]

A storage compartment can be provided on the side of the observation room at a position where each half-sliding roof body is covered by its roof wall when in the lower open position.

The height of the central part of the observation room of the pair of half-sliding roofs should be determined so that when the half-sliding slides are positioned in the upper closed position, they will not interfere with the vertically arranged astronomical telescope. Is desirable. Further, it is preferable that the pair of half-sliding roofs have a shape that does not interfere with the astronomical telescope when the astronomical telescope is pivotally operated with the half-sliding roof being positioned at the upper vertical closed position.

[0010]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION A base 11 is provided with an observation room 12 whose ceiling is open. Observation room 12 is 4
It has a plane upright wall 13 and is in the shape of a plane rectangle, and at least one upright wall 13 is provided with a door 14 for access. An astronomical telescope T is installed at the center of the observation room 12. The astronomical telescope T is rotatable about a fixed point (rotation fulcrum) R, and the fixed point R is
It almost coincides with the upper end of the observation room 12 or projects upward from the upper end. Although FIG. 7 shows the astronomical telescope T supported on the fixed base F fixed on the foundation 11, the present invention does not ask the specific structure of the astronomical telescope T.

A pair of upright walls 13 which are parallel and face each other.
The inclined guide rails 15 are fixed to the outer surfaces of the symmetric symmetrically with respect to the front center 12X of the observation room 12.
The inclined guide rails 15 each include an inner rail 15a and an outer rail 15b that are parallel to each other, and are inclined with respect to the front center 12X so that they approach each other at the upper side and move away from each other at the lower side. Not only the inner rail 15a and the outer rail 15b of the inclined guide rail 15 are parallel to each other, but also the side surface center 12Y of the observation room 12 is parallel to each other. That is, there are eight inclined guide rails 15 for convenience, and they are hatched in the drawing.

On the inclined guide rails 15, half slide roofs 20 are slidably supported by four rails located on the same side with respect to the front center 12X. The pair of half-sliding roofs 20 are symmetrical with respect to the front center 12X, and each half-sliding roof 20 is parallel to the side surface center 12Y of the observation room 12 and is located outside the upright wall 13 in plan view. It has a pair of vertical walls 21 and a roof wall 22 connecting the pair of vertical walls 21. In this embodiment, the roof wall 22 has an inclination angle α that is slightly larger than the inclination angle θ of the inclined guide rail 15. Such a steeply sloped roof wall 22 is suitable for a snowfall area, but can also have a half-shape such as a semi-cylindrical shape, a silo shape, and a polygonal shape. Foundation 11 of inclined guide rail 15
The inclination angle θ with respect to is preferably about 45 ° or more in order to reduce the storage space of the half slide roof 20.

The maximum height of the roof walls 22 of the pair of half-sliding roofs 20 (the height of the central portion of the observation room 12) is determined so that the vertically arranged astronomical telescope T does not interfere. The shape of the astronomical telescope T does not interfere with the astronomical telescope T when the astronomical telescope T is rotated about the fixed point R with the sliding roof 20 closed. In order to prevent deformation due to bending, the telescope formed of a long tubular body is preferably held in a vertical position when not in use. According to the present invention, it is possible to easily hold the vertical position when not in use.

The half-sliding roof 20 having the vertical wall 21 and the roof wall 22 can be moved up and down along the inclined guide rails 15, and at the rising end, the pair of half-sliding roofs 20 can be moved.
Is located above the observation room 12 and closes the ceiling opening (FIG. 1). On the other hand, at the descending end, the ceiling openings are opened apart from each other. In this open state, the vertical wall 21 is the observation room 12.
The roof wall 22 is located outside the upright wall 13 and covers the inclined guide rail 15 (FIG. 3). A container 16 is provided on the outer surface of the upright wall 13 on the side of the observation room 12 at a position covered by the roof wall 22. The storage 16 can be accessed via a sliding door 17 provided inside the observation room 12.

3 to 6 show a specific example of the lifting mechanism for the half-split roof 20. Inner rail 15
Each of the a and the outer rail 15b has a flange 15f shown by a straight line in FIG. 3, and the vertical wall 21 of the half-sliding roof 20 is provided with a pair of rollers 23 and 24 sandwiching the flange 15f. Has been. The roller 24 is
The half slide roof 20 is prevented from rising and coming off due to strong wind or the like. The lower end of the chain 25 is fixed to the Hanwa upper roller 23. The chain 25 is guided upward along the inclined guide rail 15, and its upper end is
It engages with a sprocket 26 rotatably supported at the upper end of the observation chamber 12. The left and right sprockets 26 are connected by a connecting shaft 27, and the connecting shaft 27 is rotationally driven by the worm wheel mechanism 30. 28 is a universal joint interposed in the middle of the connecting shaft 27.

The worm wheel mechanism 30 meshes a worm 32 with a worm wheel 31 fixed to a connecting shaft 27, and a shaft 33 of the worm 32 is rotationally driven via a motor 34 with a reduction gear and bevel gears 35 and 36. It was done like this. That is, a bevel gear 35 is fixed to the shaft 33, and a bevel gear 36 meshing with the bevel gear 35 is fixed to a rotating shaft of a motor 34 with a reducer. Therefore, when the motor 34 with a reduction gear is rotationally driven in the forward and reverse directions, the worm 32 is rotated in the forward and reverse directions through the bevel gears 36 and 35, and the worm wheel 31 meshing with the worm 32 is rotated in the forward and reverse directions, and the connecting shaft 27 is rotated.
And the sprocket 26 rotates forward and backward. Then, via the chain 25 meshing with the sprocket 26,
The half slide roof 20 moves up and down. The worm wheel mechanism 30 has a reverse rotation prevention function that prevents the worm wheel 31 from rotating due to the weight of the half slide roof 20. A manual handle 37 can be attached to and detached from the shaft 33. When a power failure occurs, the mechanism (not shown) releases the mesh between the bevel gear 36 and the bevel gear 35 of the motor 34, and then the shaft 33 is rotated via the manual handle 37. By driving, the half slide roof 20 can be raised and lowered.

The opposite portions of the pair of half-sliding roofs 20 are provided with a suitable rain tie to prevent rain leakage by engaging with each other when they reach the rising end. FIG. 8 shows an example of such a skeleton in which the outer bent edge 20a is formed on the left half slide roof 20 of the figure which reaches the rising end first when the roof is closed (falls later when the roof is opened). , When the roof is closed, the rising edge is reached later (when the roof is opened, it descends later)
The outer curved edge 2 is attached to the half-sliding roof 20 on the right side of the figure.
An inner bent edge 20b located inside 0a is formed. The above is an example of the rain storm, and the present invention does not matter whether it is the rain storm.

According to the moving roof type astronomical observation room having the above structure, the pair of half-sliding roofs 20 is opened at the ceiling portion of the observation room 12 by rotationally driving the motor 34 with a speed reducer in the forward and reverse directions. It can be moved to the lower open position and the closed upper position. Half slide roof 20
Is located below the observation room 12 in the lower open position, so that it does not block the field of view of the astronomical telescope T, and its retreat space is small. Further, in the upper closed position, the astronomical telescope T can be held in the vertical position, and even if the astronomical telescope T is erroneously or intentionally rotated, it does not interfere with the half-sliding roof 20.

The pair of half-sliding roofs 20 usually have a bilaterally symmetrical appearance, but they do not have to be bilaterally functionally symmetrical.

[0020]

According to the present invention, the entire ceiling portion of the observation room can be opened without obstructing the field of view during observation, the retractable space of the sliding roof at the time of opening is small, and a large astronomical telescope is used. It is possible to obtain a moving roof type astronomical observation room that can easily store.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing an embodiment of a moving roof type astronomical observation room according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a front view showing an open state of the half slide roof of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a plan view showing an example of a drive mechanism of a half slide roof.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a main part of the drive mechanism.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a relationship between a tilted guide rail of a main part of the drive mechanism and a half slide roof.

FIG. 7 is a front view showing a specific example of an astronomical telescope installed on a foundation.

FIG. 8 is a skeleton cross-sectional view showing an example of a rain tie of a half-sliding roof.

[Explanation of symbols]

11 basics 12 Observation room 13 Upright wall 14 doors 15 Inclined guide rail 15f flange 16 pieces 17 sliding door 20 half slide roof 21 vertical wall 22 roof wall 23 24 Roller 25 chains 26 sprockets 27 Connection shaft 30 Warm wheel mechanism 31 Warm Wheel 32 Warm 34 Motor with reducer

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── --Continued from the front page (56) References JP-A-4-336149 (JP, A) JP-A-63-209525 (JP, A) JP-A-5-195639 (JP, A) Actual development Sho-62- 47658 (JP, U) (58) Fields surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) E04H 1/12 E04B 7 / 00,7 / 16

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. An observation room in which an astronomical telescope is installed and the ceiling is open; a pair of left and right half-sliding roof bodies that open and close the open ceiling part of this observation room; Guide means for moving and guiding the upper closed position close to the upper part of the observation room to close the open ceiling part and the lower open position located apart from the lower part of the observation room to open the open ceiling part; and along the guide means, the sliding roof drive device for sliding a pair of half-sliding roof member; wherein the respective half-sliding roof body, each view in a plan view
A pair of vertical walls located outside the outer wall of the measurement room, and this pair of vertical walls
And a roof wall that connects the vertical walls of the
A moving roof type astronomical observatory characterized by being guided by means . 2. The moving roof celestial body observation room according to claim 1 , wherein each side of the observation room is covered with a roof wall of each half-sliding roof body when it is in a lower open position. A moving roof type astronomical observatory equipped with a storage compartment at the open position. 3. The moving roof type astronomical observing room according to claim 1, wherein the height of the pair of half-sliding roofs at the center of the observing room is such that the half-sliding roof is located at the upper closed position. A moving roof type astronomical observation room that is set so that it will not interfere with the vertically positioned astronomical telescope when it is positioned. 4. The moving roof type celestial body observation room according to claim 1, wherein the pair of half-sliding roofs has a shape such that the half-sliding roofs are located at an upper closed position. A moving roof type astronomical observation room that does not interfere with the astronomical telescope when the telescope is rotated.