JP3486117B2 - Plant operation plan creating apparatus and method - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to various plants such as a power plant, a gas supply plant, a water supply plant, a heat (cold water / hot water) supply plant and a sewage treatment plant. Create an operation plan to efficiently operate each device included in the plant to meet the demand for clean water / cold water / hot water) and the demand for rainwater and drainage to be treated (hereinafter simply referred to as “demand”) The present invention relates to a plant operation plan creation apparatus and method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, in plants such as power plants, gas supply plants, tap water supply plants and heat (cold water / hot water) supply plants, there is a demand for electric power, gas and water (tap water / cold water / hot water). On the other hand, the plant is operated efficiently by producing and supplying electric power and the like in just proportion. Also, in plants such as sewage treatment plants,
The plant is operated efficiently by treating rainwater and the like without excess or deficiency with respect to the demand for rainwater and drainage.

By the way, as a method for automatically performing the above-described efficient operation in such a plant, an optimizing calculation method such as mathematical programming is used for every predetermined time unit of equipment included in the plant. It is generally known how to create an operation plan for the. In addition, in such a plant, for example, when the equipment included in the plant has a variable output characteristic, an operation plan including an output plan value of the equipment included in the plant is created as the operation plan of the plant.

[0004]

Here, in the above-mentioned conventional method, the operation plan of the equipment included in the plant is created by the optimization calculation method such as the mathematical programming method.
There is a limit to the amount of calculation that can be processed within practical time, and it is not possible to make the size of the time unit (step size) adopted in the operation plan smaller than necessary. Therefore, for example, even in the case of a plant including a device having a variable output characteristic as described above, the plant operation plan includes an operation plan including an output plan value for each time unit of a predetermined size (for example, about 1 hour). Is created.

However, in a plant operated on the basis of such an operation plan, the equipment included in the plant is operated in a partial load state for a period of about one hour, so that the energy accompanying the partial load operation is increased. There is a problem that the equipment included in the plant cannot be operated sufficiently efficiently due to loss or the like.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and a plant operation plan creating apparatus and a plant operation plan creating apparatus capable of creating an operation plan for more efficiently operating equipment included in the plant. The purpose is to provide a method.

[0007]

The first feature of the present invention is to:
In a plant operation plan creation apparatus including a device having a variable output characteristic, an operation plan calculation unit for obtaining an operation plan including an output plan value for each predetermined time unit of the device, and the operation obtained by the operation plan calculation unit. From the plan, a partial load operation search means for searching a partial load operation time zone in which the device is operated in a partial load state, and the device in the partial load operation time zone searched by the partial load operation search means Based on the planned output value, a start-up time calculation means for obtaining a start-up time of the device required when the device is started in a full load state to obtain the planned output value, and a search by the partial load operation search means In the partial load operating time zone, the device is operated in the full load state for the startup time calculated by the startup time calculating means. As a driving planning system of the plant, characterized in that it comprises a launch mode changing means for changing the output planned values and start time of the device in the partial load operation time zone. In the first feature of the present invention, the start mode changing means is further based on an output plan value of the device in a time zone before and after the partial load operation time zone searched by the partial load operation search means. Then, the start / stop timing of the device in the partial load operating time zone is set so that the device is operated continuously in the partial load operating time zone before and after the partial load operating time zone. It is preferable to change.

A second feature of the present invention is a method for preparing an operation plan for a plant including equipment having variable output characteristics,
Of the operation plan including the output plan value for each predetermined time unit of the device, for the partial load operating time zone in which the device is operated in the partial load state, the partial load operating time by starting the device in the full load state Determining a start-up time of the device required when obtaining an output plan value of the device in a zone, and the device is operated in a full load state for the determined start-up time in the partial load operation time period And a step of changing the output plan value and the starting time of the device in the partial load operation time zone. In the second feature of the present invention, based on the output plan value of the device in a time period before and after the partial load operating time period, the device is the previous one or 1 in the partial load operating time period. It is preferable that the method further includes the step of changing the start / stop timing of the device in the partial load operation time zone so that the operation is continued with the operation in the next time zone.

According to the first and second features of the present invention,
Eliminate energy loss, etc. due to partial load operation because the planned output value and start time of the equipment in the partial load operation time zone included in the operation plan are changed so that the equipment included in the plant operates at full load. Therefore, the equipment included in the plant can be efficiently operated. Also, based on the planned output value of the equipment in the time zones before and after the partial load operation time zone, the equipment is operated continuously in the partial load operation time zone before and after the operation in the time zone before or after that. As described above, the start / stop timing of the equipment in the partial load operation time zone included in the operation plan is changed, so that the energy loss due to discontinuous operation can be eliminated, and the equipment included in the plant can be efficiently used. You can drive.

[0010]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 and 2 are diagrams for explaining an embodiment of a plant operation plan creation apparatus according to the present invention. Note that, here, a heat supply plant will be described as an example of the plant.

First, referring to FIG. 2, a plant control apparatus 1 to which the plant operation plan creating apparatus according to the present embodiment is applied will be described.

As shown in FIG. 2, the plant controller 1
Is a device for controlling a device having a variable output characteristic such as a heat pump or a refrigerator included in the heat supply plant 20, and a record storage unit 2 for storing the past heat demand record of the heat supply plant 20, and a record storage unit. The heat demand prediction unit 3 that predicts the heat demand of the day based on the past heat demand record stored in 2 and the weather information of the day, and the heat demand forecast value calculated by the heat demand forecast unit 3 A plant operation plan creation device 4 that creates an operation plan of the supply plant 20 is provided. Further, the plant control device 1 takes in a measurement signal from the heat supply plant 20 and outputs a control signal to the heat supply plant 20, and the heat generated by the plant operation plan creation device 4. Device control for outputting to the process input / output unit 6 a control signal for controlling the devices included in the heat supply plant 20 based on the operation plan of the supply plant 20 and the process signal input via the process input / output unit 6. And part 5.

Next, the plant operation plan preparation device 4 used in the plant control device 1 shown in FIG. 2 will be described with reference to FIG.

As shown in FIG. 1, the plant operation plan preparation device 4 has an operation plan calculation means 11 for obtaining an operation plan of the heat supply plant 20 based on the heat demand forecast value obtained by the heat demand forecasting section 3. is doing. Here, the operation plan calculation means 11 is an output plan value for each predetermined time unit of the equipment included in the heat supply plant 20 by an optimization calculation method such as a mathematical programming method (branch limiting method or simplex method) or a genetic algorithm. The operation plan that includes is requested.

Further, the plant operation plan preparation device 4 selects the partial load operation time zone in which the equipment included in the heat supply plant 20 is operated in the partial load state from the operation plan obtained by the operation plan calculation means 11. Based on the partial load operation search means 12 to be searched and the output plan value of the equipment in the partial load operation time zone searched by the partial load operation search means 11, the equipment is started in the full load state and the above-mentioned output plan value is obtained. In order to obtain the start-up time of the equipment required to obtain the start-up time calculation means 13 and the partial load operation search means 12
And the start mode changing means 14 for changing the output plan value, the start time, and the start / stop timing of the device in the partial load operation time zone searched by.

Next, the operation of this embodiment having such a configuration will be described.

In FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, measurement signals such as temperature and flow rate measured by the heat supply plant 20 are passed through the process input / output section 6 as heat demand records such as date and time (day of week, day of week, holiday). The items are sorted by item such as “separate” and stored in the performance storage unit 2 together with the weather information of the day.

Next, the heat demand forecasting unit 3 forecasts the heat demand for the next 24 hours based on the heat demand record stored in the record storage unit 2 and the weather information of the day. Here, it is assumed that the heat demand forecast value for the next 24 hours is obtained in units of 1 hour.

After that, the plant operation plan preparation device 4 prepares an operation plan for the next 24 hours based on the rated capacity of the equipment of the heat supply plant 20, etc., and the process input / output unit 6 based on the prepared operation plan. The equipment included in the heat supply plant 20 is controlled by the equipment control unit 5 via the.

Hereinafter, FIG. 1, FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 (a) (b)
Thus, a method of creating an operation plan of the heat supply plant 20 in the plant operation plan creation device 4 will be specifically described. Here, FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of the operation plan created by the operation plan calculation means 11 of the plant operation plan creation apparatus 4 shown in FIG. 1, and FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b) show the operation plan shown in FIG. It is a figure for demonstrating the method of changing.

First, the operation plan calculating means 11 performs an optimization calculation method such as a mathematical programming method or a genetic algorithm based on the heat demand forecast value obtained by the heat demand forecasting section 3 and the weather information of the day. Predetermined time unit of equipment included in the heat supply plant 20 while considering each item such as reduction of operating cost, peak cut (reduction of power consumption in peak hours), use of nighttime power, etc. as an evaluation function. Calculate the operation plan including the output plan value for each.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of the operation plan thus obtained. In addition, here, as a device having a variable output characteristic included in the heat supply plant 20, a refrigerator capable of producing cold water at a width of 100 MJ / h to 2000 MJ / h per hour is assumed, and the future of the refrigerator is assumed. An operation plan for 24 hours is to be obtained hourly. In addition, in the operation plan shown in FIG.
The planned output value of the refrigerator in each time zone from the hour to 21:00 is shown as a ratio (%) to the maximum output amount of the refrigerator of 2000 MJ / h.

Here, in such a refrigerator, the full load condition (planned output value 100%) is the most efficient operating point, so in the operating plan shown in FIG. It is possible to operate with the best efficiency in each time zone of 12 o'clock. However, the planned output values are 50% and 40%, respectively, in the time zones of 23:00 and 6:00, and the operation is in the partial load state.
It is not always possible to drive efficiently.

Therefore, in the present embodiment, by appropriately changing the operation plan obtained by the operation plan calculation means 11, an operation plan for more efficiently operating the equipment included in the heat supply plant 20 is prepared. create.

A method for changing the operation plan obtained by the operation plan calculating means 11 will be specifically described below by taking the operation plan shown in FIG. 3 as an example.

First, the partial load operation search means 12
From the operation plan shown in FIG. 3, a partial load operation time period in which the refrigerator is operated in a partial load state is searched. Here, in the operation plan shown in FIG. 3, the output plan values for the time zones of 23:00 and 6 o'clock are 50% and 40%, respectively, so the partial load operation time zones are 23:00 and 6
Each time zone of the hour is extracted.

Next, the starting time calculation means 13 starts the refrigerator in the full load state based on the output plan value of the refrigerator in the partial load operation time zone searched by the partial load operation retrieval means 11 and starts the above-mentioned operation. Determine the refrigerator start-up time required to obtain the output plan value.

Here, in the operation plan shown in FIG.
The planned output value at 23:00, which is the partial load operation time zone, is 50
%, And the startup time t of the refrigerator required when the refrigerator is started in the full load state to obtain the above-mentioned output plan value can be obtained by the following equation (1).

T = (unit time) × (planned output value) (1) Since the unit time of the operation plan is 1 hour here, t = 0.5 hours (= 30 minutes).

On the other hand, the planned output value at 6 o'clock which is the other partial load operation time zone is 40%, and when the starting time is similarly calculated by the above equation (1), t = 0.4 hours (= 24
Minutes).

Thereafter, the startup mode changing means 14 checks the output plan value of the refrigerator in the time zones before and after the partial load operation time zone searched by the partial load operation search means 11, and the partial output is calculated according to the following determination method. Change the start / stop timing of the refrigerator in the load operation time zone.

That is, the partial load operation time zone is set to the n hour range, and (1) the operation plan of the refrigerator at the (n-1) hour range, which is the immediately preceding time zone, is in the activated state (for example, the output plan value 100).
%), And when the operation plan of the refrigerator at the (n + 1) -th hour, which is the next time period, is in the stopped state (output plan value 0%), it is the previous time period ( n-1) The start / stop timing of the refrigerator at the n-th hour is changed so that the operation is continued in the continuous operation at the n-th hour, and the forward-stitching operation is performed.

(2) On the other hand, it is the previous time zone (n
-1) The operation plan of the refrigerator in the hour range is in a stopped state (scheduled output value 0%), and the operation plan of the refrigerator in the (n + 1) hour range is in the activated state (for example, output) Plan value 10
If it is 0%, it is the next time zone (n +
1) The start / stop timing of the refrigerator at the n-hour unit is changed so that the refrigerator is operated in a continuous state with the operation at the hour-unit unit, so that the operation is performed in the late packing operation.

At the same time, in the partial load operation time zone, the activation time t obtained by the activation time calculation means 13
Therefore, the planned output value and the starting time of the refrigerator in the partial load operation time zone are changed so that the refrigerator is operated at the full load state.

Here, in the operation plan shown in FIG.
Of the time zones before and after 23:00, which is the partial load operation time zone, 22:00 is in the activated state (output planned value 100%) and 2
Since the 4 o'clock unit is in a stopped state (scheduled output value 0%) (Fig. 4
(See (a)), the output plan value of the refrigerator at 23:00 is 100%, the starting time t is 30 minutes, and the start / stop timing is changed from 23:00 to 23:30 (FIG. 4B).
reference).

On the other hand, of the time zones before and after the 6 o'clock unit, which is another partial load operation time period, the 5 o'clock unit is in a stopped state (output planned value 0%) and the 7 o'clock unit is in an activated state (output planned value 100 %)
Therefore, the output plan value of the refrigerator at 6 o'clock is 100%, the starting time t is 24 minutes, and the starting timing is shifted by (unit time) × (1-t). The start / stop timing is changed from 6:36 to 7:00 (see FIG. 4B).

As described above, according to the present embodiment, the output plan value and the start-up time of the equipment in the partial load operation time zone included in the operation plan are changed so that the equipment included in the plant is operated in the full load state. Therefore, it is possible to eliminate energy loss and the like due to the partial load operation, and thus it is possible to efficiently operate the equipment included in the plant.

Further, according to the present embodiment, based on the output planned value of the equipment in the time zones before and after the partial load operation time zone, the time before or after the device in the partial load operation time zone Since the start / stop timing of the equipment in the partial load operation time zone included in the operation plan is changed to the front-end operation or the rear-end operation so that the operation is continuous with the zone operation, it is accompanied by discontinuous operation. Energy loss and the like can be eliminated, so that the equipment included in the plant can be efficiently operated.

In the above embodiment, the planned output value of the device (refrigerator) in the operation plan is expressed as a ratio (%) to the maximum output amount of the device (refrigerator), but the present invention is not limited to this. It may be expressed by the output amount itself of the device (refrigerator) (heat amount [MJ / h] in the case of a refrigerator). In this case, the above equation (1) is modified into the following equation (2). t = (unit time) × (planned output value) / (maximum output amount of equipment) (2)

Further, in the above-described embodiment, the heat supply plant 2 is used in the plant operation plan creation device 4.
Although the operation plan of 0 is calculated in increments of 1 hour, the time unit of the operation plan is not limited to this, and various time units such as 2 hours can be adopted. . Further, the operation plan can be obtained not only collectively for 24 hours but also for arbitrary N hours (for example, 1 hour, 12 hours, 48 hours, etc.).

Further, in the above-mentioned embodiment,
The heat supply plant 20 by the plant operation plan creation device 4
However, the plant for which the operation plan is created is not limited to this, and various plants such as a power plant, a gas supply plant, a water supply plant and a sewage treatment plant. Can be similarly applied.

Furthermore, in the above-described embodiment, the case where the plant operation plan creation device 4 is applied to the plant control device shown in FIG. 2 has been described, but the plant operation plan creation device according to the present embodiment is , Can be widely applied to create an optimal operation plan of a plant including equipment having variable output characteristics.

[0043]

As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to eliminate energy loss and the like due to partial load operation, and therefore it is possible to efficiently operate the equipment included in the plant.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a plant operation plan creation apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an example of a plant control device to which the plant operation plan creation device shown in FIG. 1 is applied.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of an operation plan created by an operation plan calculation means of the plant operation plan creation device shown in FIG. 1.

FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining a method of changing the operation plan shown in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Plant control device 2 Results storage 3 Heat demand forecasting section 4 Plant operation plan creation device 5 Equipment control section 6 Process input / output section 11 Operation plan calculation means 12 Partial load operation search means 13 Start-up time calculation means 14 Activation mode changing means 20 heat supply plant

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-6-102908 (JP, A) JP-A-8-35707 (JP, A) JP-A-8-36560 (JP, A) (58) Field (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) G05B 13/02

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] 1. An operation plan creation apparatus for a plant including a device having a variable output characteristic, the operation plan calculation unit for obtaining an operation plan including an output plan value for each predetermined time unit of the device, and the operation plan calculation unit. From the obtained operation plan, a partial load operation search means for searching a partial load operation time zone in which the device is operated in a partial load state, and the partial load operation time searched by the partial load operation search means Based on the output plan value of the device in the band, start-up time calculation means for obtaining the start-up time of the device required when the device is started in a full load state to obtain the output plan value, and the partial load In the partial load operation time zone searched by the operation search means, the device is fully loaded over the startup time obtained by the startup time calculation means. A plant operation plan creating apparatus comprising: a start mode changing unit that changes an output plan value and a start time of the device in the partial load operation time zone so as to be operated in a state. 2. The starting mode changing means further includes the partial load operating time based on an output plan value of the device in a time zone before and after the partial load operating time zone searched by the partial load operating search means. In the band, the start / stop timing of the device in the partial load operation time period is changed so that the device is operated continuously with the operation in the time period immediately before or after the time period. The plant operation planning apparatus according to claim 1. 3. The plant operation plan preparation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the operation plan calculation means obtains the operation plan by an optimization calculation method such as a mathematical programming method or a genetic algorithm. 4. A method for creating a plant operation plan including a device having a variable output characteristic, wherein a part of the operation plan including an output plan value for each predetermined time unit of the device, in which the device is operated in a partial load state. For the load operating time zone, a step of obtaining a starting time of the device required when the device is started in a full load state to obtain an output plan value of the device in the partial load operating time zone, and the partial load In order to operate the device at full load for the required start-up time in the operating time zone,
And a step of changing an output plan value and a starting time of the device in the partial load operation time zone. 5. The operation of the device in a time zone immediately before or after the partial load operation time zone based on an output plan value of the device in a time zone before and after the partial load operation time zone. In order to operate in a continuous state with
The plant operation plan creating method according to claim 4, further comprising a step of changing a stop timing.