JP3485216B2 - Water supply / hot water supply system - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a water supply / hot water supply system suitable for, for example, a general household or an apartment house, and particularly between a water supply and hot water supply which occurs when a water heater is provided in a piping system. The present invention relates to a water supply / hot water supply system that suppresses fluctuations in the temperature and flow rate of water supply and hot water supply due to pressure differences.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Water supply for ordinary households and apartments
The hot water supply equipment is generally one in which pipes for water supply and hot water supply are provided at a plurality of supply destinations such as a kitchen, a vanity, and a bathroom, and the same applies to hotels and other public facilities. In such equipment,
Water heaters provided for each house are used as hot water sources in general households and apartments, and large hot water tanks are installed in public facilities.

For example, in a relatively simple facility for general household use, a water supply pipe for supplying water from a water supply source to facilities such as kitchens and bathrooms, and a hot water supply pipe from a water heater connected to the water supply source are provided. A hot and cold water mixing plug connected to these water and hot water supply pipes is provided at the end.

In such a water supply and hot water supply piping system,
Due to pressure fluctuations on the water supply side and the hot water supply side, the temperature of the mixed water from the hot and cold water mixing tap tends to change. For this reason, conventionally, a thermostat mixing valve having an automatic temperature control function has been used, which is capable of maintaining the temperature of the mixed water at the set temperature against fluctuations in the supply pressure of water and hot water. However, even the automatic temperature control by the thermostat mixing valve has a limit in the followability to a rapid change in water supply or hot water supply pressure, and some fluctuation of the mixed water temperature cannot be avoided.

On the other hand, instead of providing water and hot water supply pipes up to the hot and cold water mixing stopper at the end, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-1673.
As described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 70, there is also a facility in which a header is provided on each of the water supply side and the hot water supply side, and a water supply pipe and a hot water supply pipe from each of these headers are provided as individual pipes for each of the hot and cold water mixing taps.

With this header, even if a hot and cold water mixing tap in a kitchen or a bathroom is used at the same time, the effect of absorbing the pressure fluctuation by the header can suppress the fluctuation of the water discharge temperature at each end. There are two advantages.

In the case of equipment having a header in the piping system, a water supply pipe and a hot water supply pipe from this header to the hot and cold water mixing taps at each end will be connected respectively. For this reason, compared with the one in which the main pipe for water supply and hot water supply is connected to each of the hot and cold water mixing taps by a branch pipe, the work such as the addition of pipes and the repair and exchange of existing pipes can be performed much more easily.

Further, since the water supply and hot water supply pipes from the header to the hot and cold water mixing taps at each end are independent, the diameters of the pipes should be set according to the flow rates used by the hot and cold water mixing taps at each end. You can also

In this way, the pipe using the header is preferable to the pipe system branching from the main pipe in terms of additional pipes and usability.

[0010]

However, even if a header is provided, in a facility that supplies hot water from the hot water supply device to the hot and cold water mixing taps of each terminal through the header, the hot water from the hot water supply device and the water supply source There is a phenomenon in which the temperature of the mixed water fluctuates due to the pressure difference with the water from the water supply pipe directly connected to.

This is due to the combustion control of the water heater, and for example, in a general household water heater, in order to secure the hot water temperature, the flow rate is higher than the maximum heating amount of the water heater (depending on the burner). This is because the flow rate of inflow to the water heater is controlled so that the above does not occur.

In order to control the hot water supply temperature and flow rate as described above, the conventional hot water supply apparatus has a flow rate and a flow rate upstream of the heat transfer section 51 of the supply pipe 50 connected to the water supply source, as shown in the schematic view of FIG. Flow rate sensor 5 for detecting the temperature of each water supply
In general, the flow control valve 53 is provided on the downstream side while the 2a and the temperature sensor 52b are provided.

The flow rate adjusting valve 53 is a water quantity proportional valve capable of setting a heat quantity exceeding the maximum heating quantity by the heat transfer section 51 to a flow rate smaller than a required flow rate, or the heat transfer section 5
A constant flow valve or the like that regulates the maximum value of the flow rate so that an appropriate hot water supply temperature according to 1 can be obtained is used. Further, there is also a temperature-responsive type flow control valve in which the flow rate is increased when the feed water temperature is high and is decreased when the feed water temperature is low to obtain the required hot water temperature. Then, the flow rate control valve 53 controls the flow rate so that the burner heats the heat transfer section 51 appropriately based on the magnitudes of the flow rate and the supply water temperature detected by the flow rate sensor 52a and the temperature sensor 52b, respectively. To be done.

In this way, when supplying water to the water heater,
The flow rate control valve 53 frequently controls the flow rate in order to secure the temperature of the hot water supply as an output or to maintain the flow rate properly, and the maximum value of the passing flow rate is also regulated. Therefore, when the flow rate of the hot water toward the hot water side header 56 is reduced by the flow rate adjusting valve 53, in the hot water side header 56 connected to the hot and cold water mixing taps of each terminal by a plurality of pipes, the supply pipe 5
The pressure drops as compared to the flow in zero.

On the other hand, the inside of the water side header 55 which is directly connected to the supply pipe 50 up to the flow rate adjusting valve 53 and the water supply pipe 54 is maintained at the same water supply pressure if the pipe diameter of the water supply pipe 54 is large to some extent. . Therefore, as described above in the combustion control of the water heater, when the flow rate adjusting valve 53 operates to narrow the flow path, the pressure on the hot water side header 56 side becomes lower than that on the water side header 55 side, and these headers A pressure difference occurs between the hot water and hot water supplied from 55 and 56.

As described above, in the case of using the water heater, in the case where the water supply from the common supply pipe 50 is branched to the water side header 55 and the water heater side, the water side and the water side are associated with the combustion of the water heater. The pressure balance between the headers 55 and 56 may not be maintained. Therefore, the supply pressure of water and hot water to the hot and cold water mixing tap of the terminal also fluctuates, and the temperature fluctuation of the mixed water is unavoidable as in the case of the piping system without the header.

The problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a water supply / hot water supply system having a water heater so that stable water supply / hot water supply with a stable temperature and flow rate can be obtained by preventing water supply and hot water supply fluctuations at end facilities. To do.

[0018]

The present invention provides a hot water supply passage, a water side header connected to a flow path branched from the water supply passage before the heat transfer part of the water heater, and a hot water side header connected to the hot water supply passage. In a facility that is equipped with a plurality of water supply pipes and hot water supply pipes that are connected to each of the water-side and hot-water side headers and heads to the end discharge part, It is characterized by comprising a pressure adjusting means for keeping the differential pressure constant.

In such a structure, the pressure adjusting means may include a valve mechanism capable of setting the respective amounts of water supplied to the water heater and the water side header by adjusting the opening degree of the internal flow passage.

In this case, the valve mechanism is a distributor for branching the flow path from the water supply channel to the water heater and the header on the water side, and this distributor is the heat generation amount of the heat transfer section of the water heater and this heat transfer section. A governor mechanism that controls the amount of water supplied to the heat transfer section by a specified relationship with the amount of water supplied to the heat transfer unit, and a distribution valve mechanism that can change the amount of water supplied to the water-side header in conjunction with this governor mechanism. It can be provided.

The valve mechanism is provided on the inlet side of the water heater to detect the amount of water supplied from the water supply passage, and the water supply passage upstream from the flow sensor to branch to the water side header. It may be provided with a flow rate adjusting valve which is provided in the flow path toward which the flow rate is adjusted and which can change the flow rate supplied to the water side header by a signal from the flow rate sensor.

Further, the valve mechanism is provided on the inlet side of the water heater and detects a pressure of water supplied to the hot water header, and a water supply passage upstream from the pressure sensor to branch to the water header. It is also possible to provide a flow rate adjusting valve which is provided in the flow path toward which the flow rate is adjusted and which can change the flow rate supplied to the water side header by a signal from the pressure sensor.

The pressure adjusting means controls the amount of water supplied to the water side header and the water side header according to the pressure difference between the water supply pressure from the water supply channel and the hot water supply pressure from the water heater. May be provided. In this case, the valve mechanism is equipped with a pressure valve body capable of uniaxially changing the flow passage areas of the water-side header communicating with the water supply passage and the hot-water header communicating with the hot water supply passage. The water supply pressure from the passage and the hot water supply pressure from the hot water supply passage can be received so that the pressure difference between the water side header and the hot water side header can be made constant.

Further, the pressure adjusting means may be provided with a valve mechanism for increasing the amount of water supplied to the water supply header side in proportion to the pressure difference between the hot water supply header side and the water supply header side.

In this case, the valve mechanism is provided in the water-side header and the pressure sensor capable of detecting the water supply pressure at the hot-water header, and the flow path branched from the water supply passage to the water-side header. In addition, a flow rate control valve operable based on a signal from the pressure sensor may be provided, and the differential pressure of a diaphragm or the like that responds to the respective internal pressures of the flow passages on the water side and the hot water side header side. It may be configured to include a sensing member and a valve body that is connected to the differential pressure sensing member and that can set the opening of the flow path to the water side header.

Further, the valve mechanism is provided with a valve body in which the water-side header and the hot-water side header are connected to each other in communication with each other, and the valve body is installed so as to straddle the connected portions so as to be movable in the axial direction thereof. , A flow path branched from the water supply path at the other end in the water side header, with a pressure receiving member such as a piston located at the one end in the hot water side header and capable of receiving the hot water supply pressure of the hot water from the water heater It is possible to confront the valve seat formed downstream of the connection point, and the valve element can be driven so as to widen the valve opening with respect to the valve seat when the hot water supply pressure from the water heater increases.

[0027]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION When hot water that has passed through a water heater is discharged from a hot water supply passage, if the flow rate is restricted to the upper limit of the heat generation amount of the water heater, or if the amount of hot water used at the end changes, The hot water supply pressure in the hot water supply header also fluctuates. In response to this pressure fluctuation, since the water supply channel communicating with the upstream side of the hot water supply channel is the source of water supply to both the water side header and the hot water side header, it is possible to detect, for example, the restriction of the flow rate on the hot water supply channel side. Therefore, if a valve mechanism that can be driven to reduce the amount of water supplied to the water-side header is provided as the pressure adjusting means based on this, the water-side header supply can be adjusted in accordance with the decrease in the hot-water supply pressure. Water pressure can also be reduced. By such an operation, if the respective pressures of the hot water header and the water header are equal or there is a differential pressure, if this is constant (equal pressure is equivalent to zero differential pressure), the water supply pressure The relative pressure fluctuation between the hot water supply pressure and the hot water supply pressure is eliminated, and as a result, the fluctuation of the mixed water temperature due to the fluctuation of the supply amount of water and hot water at the end can be prevented.

In the case where the distributor having the governor mechanism and the distributor valve mechanism is provided as the valve mechanism, the information of the flow rate related to the combustion control of the hot water supply machine based on the flow rate can be used as the information for knowing the hot water supply pressure of the hot water side header. The distribution valve mechanism enables the supply of water and hot water while maintaining the pressure difference between the water side and the hot water side in a constant relationship.

A valve mechanism is constituted by a combination of a flow rate sensor and a flow rate adjusting valve, or a combination of a pressure sensor provided on each of the water side and hot water side headers and a flow rate adjusting valve provided at an inlet to the water side header is used as a valve. Even in the case of using the mechanism, by knowing the flow rate to the hot water header in the former case and the hot water supply pressure in the hot water side header in the latter case, the differential pressure between the hot water side header and the water side header can be maintained in a constant relationship.

Further, in a valve mechanism having a structure for increasing the amount of water supplied to the water side header in proportion to the pressure difference between the water side header and the hot water side header and having a diaphragm for sensing the pressure difference, The difference in the internal pressure of each of the secondary water supply passages of the governor mechanism can be converted into the operation of the valve body by the deformation of the diaphragm, and the movement of the valve body can keep the differential pressure between the water side and the hot water side constant. It will be possible.

Further, in the case where the water side header and the hot water side header are connected in communication and the valve body is incorporated therein, when the hot water supply pressure rises, the inflow amount from the water supply passage to the water side header increases and when the hot water supply pressure decreases, the inflow amount increases. If the operation for reducing the amount is performed, it becomes possible to control the water supply pressure that follows the pressure fluctuation on the hot water supply side.

[0032]

1 is a schematic diagram of a piping system in a water supply / hot water supply system to which the present invention can be applied.

The illustrated example is applicable to, for example, an apartment house, and the water heater 1 installed in each house is branched from a water supply main (not shown) from the reservoir of the apartment house. The water supply pipe 2 is connected, and the hot water supply pipe 3 communicating with the water supply pipe 2 side is connected via the internal heat transfer section.

The water supply pipe 2 is connected with a branch pipe 2a branched upstream from the inlet side to the water heater 1, and a water side header 4 is provided on the branch pipe 2a. A hot water side header 5 is also provided at the end of the hot water supply pipe 3 to which the hot water discharged from the hot water supply device 1 is supplied. The water side header 4 has five ports 4a,
4b, 4c, 4d and 4e are integrally provided, and the hot water header 5 is provided with five ports 5a, 5b, 5c and 5d. And these ports 4a-4e, 5a
Pipes to the kitchen and other water and hot water supply facilities are connected to ~ 5d.

In the illustrated example, the sheath pipes 6a and 6b are preliminarily piped into the building from the water side and hot water side headers 4 and 5 of the water supply pipe 2 and the hot water supply pipe 3, respectively. These sheath pipes 6a and 6b are installed so as to correspond to supply destinations such as kitchens, bathrooms, and toilets. Then, depending on the condition of the facility for each door, the flexible pipes 7a and 6b made of, for example, synthetic resin, which can be bent, are inserted into the sheath pipes 6a and 6b to provide the required pipes.

In such a water supply / hot water supply system,
The present invention detects the pressure on either the water inlet side or the hot water outlet side of the water heater 1, and based on this, the pressure in the water side header 4 is equal to or constant than the pressure in the water side header 5. These water side and hot water side headers 4, 5 should be in pressure relationship.
The flow rate ratio to each of the above is adjusted.

2 and 3 are schematic views of an example in which the pressure relationship between the water side and the hot water side is adjusted on the basis of the pressure on the inlet side of the water supply to the water heater 1.

In FIG. 2, similarly to the one shown in FIG. 1, the water side header 4 and the hot water side header 5 are connected to the water supply pipe 2 and the hot water supply pipe 3 connected to the water heater 1, respectively. A hot water supply pipe 7a and a hot water supply pipe 7b are connected to the hot water header 5 and the hot water header 5 respectively.

In the water supply pipe 2, a flow path is branched into a water heater 1 and a water side header 4, and while detecting the amount of water supplied to the water heater 1, the amount of water supplied to the water heater 1 and the water side header 4 are detected. A distributor 8 is provided for adjusting the distribution ratio of the water supply amount. This distributor 8 has a built-in distribution valve mechanism linked to this governor mechanism, in addition to a governor mechanism for adjusting and controlling the flow rate of the supply water based on the amount of heat generated by combustion used in a general water heater. And has a three-way valve structure including an inflow path from the water supply pipe 2 and respective outflow paths to the water heater 1 side and the water side header 4 side.

The governor mechanism in a general water heater is one in which the amount of water supply is proportionally controlled with reference to the amount of heat generated by the water heater, so that the temperature of the hot water supply reaches a predetermined value. The water amount proportional valves mentioned above can be applied. Also, a distribution valve mechanism may be used together with a governor mechanism that may be a constant flow valve that regulates the upper limit flow rate or a temperature-responsive type flow control valve that operates to increase the flow rate when the feed water is hot and decrease the flow rate when it is low temperature. When provided, the amount of water supplied to the water-side header 4 can be changed in accordance with the flow rate of water supplied from the water supply pipe 2 to the water heater 1. That is, the distribution valve mechanism may be linked to the governor mechanism so as to keep the ratio of the amount of water supplied to the hot water side header 5 and the amount of water supplied to the water side header 4 constant.

The water heater 1 is equipped with the distributor 8 having such a function.
Even if the flow rate to the water heater 1 side is changed by the combustion control of the water heater 1, the water supply rate to the water side header 4 can be changed in response to this change by providing the water inlet side. For example, when the temperature of the mixed water used in the hot and cold water mixing tap at the end is increased, the heat generation amount is increased in order to set the temperature of the hot water from the water heater 1 high, but since the maximum heat generation amount is limited, The water supply amount is controlled by the governor mechanism of the distributor 8 so that the water supply amount to the water heater 1 side is narrowed. Therefore, the water supply pressure of the internal flow path toward the hot water side header 5 via the hot water supply device 1 decreases. In response to such a drop in pressure on the hot water side, the distribution valve mechanism of the distributor 8 is operated in conjunction with the governor mechanism so as to throttle the flow path to the water side header 4. Accordingly, at the same time that the pressure in the flow passage system on the hot water header 5 side is reduced, the operation is also performed to reduce the pressure on the flow passage system on the water side header 4 side.

In this way, the amount of water supplied to the water side header 4 side is also adjusted based on the amount of water supplied to the water heater 1, and the pressure of the water supply in the pipe flow is proportional to its flow rate.
As a result, the water supply pressure to the water side and hot water side headers 4 and 5 can be adjusted. Therefore, the water side header 4 can be changed according to the pressure on the hot water side without being restricted by the water supply pressure from the water supply source, and can follow the pressure fluctuation on the hot water side header 5 side by the combustion control of the water heater 1. Thus, the water supply pressure of the water side header 4 can be changed. And the water side header 4
If the internal pressures of the flow paths of the hot water side header 5 and the hot water side header 5 are equal to each other or have a constant constant differential pressure, there will be no relative pressure fluctuation between the water side and the hot water side. The temperature fluctuation of the mixed water from the end is prevented.

Further, not only fluctuations such as pressure drop of hot water from the water heater 1 related to combustion control of the water heater 1, but also water supply pipes 7a and hot water supply pipes 7b from the water side and hot water side headers 4 and 5, respectively. Pressure fluctuations also occur depending on the usage status of the hot and cold water mixing tap connected to the terminal. For example, when you are relatively supplying cold water from the hot and cold water mixing valve of the bath, when the hot and cold water mixing valve of the kitchen to discharge the high-temperature hot water, to the water heater 1 together Increasing the amount of heat generated by the hot water supplier 1 It is controlled to increase the amount of water supply. Even in this case, the water heater 1
The water supply amount to the water side header 4 is adjusted by the distributor 8 according to the change of the water supply amount to the water side and the hot water side headers 4, 5,
By keeping the pressure of the same or a constant differential pressure relationship, there is no temperature fluctuation of the mixed water from the hot and cold water mixing tap used in the bathroom.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing another example of the structure for adjusting the water supply pressure on the water side and the water supply pressure on the basis of the flow rate on the water supply inlet side of the water heater 1.

In this example, the flow rate for detecting the flow rate of the water supply from the water supply pipe 2 to the hot water supply pipe 3 via the heat transfer section in the portion connected to the water supply pipe 2 inside the water heater 1. A sensor 9 is provided. Then, a flow rate adjusting valve 10 that operates according to a flow rate detection signal from a flow rate sensor 9 is incorporated in a branch pipe 2 a between the water supply pipe 2 and the water side header 4.

A water governor 1a utilizing the water quantity proportional valve, the constant flow valve or the temperature responsive type flow rate adjusting valve as described above is provided on the inlet side of the water heater 1. The governor 1a for this water is arranged on the downstream side of the flow rate sensor 9 as shown in the figure, and is also incorporated in the water supply pipe 2 upstream of the flow rate sensor 9 and downstream of the branch point with the branch pipe 2a. Good as a thing.

It goes without saying that the flow rate sensor 9 is used not only for the signal output to the flow rate control valve 10 but also for the control of this heating system for controlling the amount of heat generated by the heating system of the water heater 1. Further, the flow rate adjusting valve 10 adjusts the amount of water supplied to the water-side header 4 by changing the flow passage area by operating a valve element incorporated therein by using a motor as a drive source.

Also in this example, the flow rate sensor 9 detects a change in the flow rate of the water supply from the water supply pipe 2 toward the water heater 1 related to the combustion control of the water heater 1, and the flow rate adjusting valve 10 controls the valve based on the change. The opening is changed to adjust the amount of water supplied to the water side header 4. Then, this flow rate adjustment is executed so that the water supply pressures inside the water-side header 4 and the water-side header 5 have the same or constant differential pressure relationship as in the previous example, and The fluctuation of the temperature of the mixed water in the mixing stopper is prevented. Further, even when a plurality of hot and cold water mixing taps are used at the same time, the temperature of the mixed water is not lowered in the hot and cold water mixing taps that were previously used as in the previous example.

FIG. 4 shows an example in which a pressure sensor for detecting the pressure on the hot water side header 5 side is provided in place of the flow rate sensor.

The midway toward the water heater 1 as in the previous example the water supply pipe 2 incorporate water governor 1a, provided the pressure sensor 2 0 for detecting the pressure of the feed water downstream of the water governor 1a.
The pressure sensor 2 0 is intended to control the opening of flow control valve 10 by the detection signal similar to the case of using the flow sensor 9, the pressure of the feed water from the water governor 1a towards the heat transfer portion Control is performed so that the opening of the flow rate adjusting valve 10 is increased proportionally.

In the case where such a pressure sensor 20 is provided, the pressure on the hot water side header 5 side is directly detected to detect the water side header 4
It is possible to maintain a constant differential pressure between and, and to suppress fluctuations in water supply and hot water supply pressure to the terminal side.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a main part showing an example in which the pressure is adjusted by sensing the pressure difference between the water heater 1 side and the water supply header 4 side on the water supply side of the water heater 1.

A water governor 1a is provided on the downstream side of the branch pipe 2a of the water supply pipe and in the middle toward the heating portion of the water heater 1. This water governor 1a is also provided with a water heater by changing the water supply amount according to the temperature of the water supply proportional valve, the constant flow valve that secures the hot water supply temperature by defining the upper limit of the flow rate of the water supply, and the water supply temperature, as in the previous example. This is a temperature-responsive type flow control valve that can be balanced with the heating amount.

A differential pressure sensing unit 2b as a differential pressure sensing means is arranged between the branch pipe 2a and the water side header 4. The differential pressure sensing unit 2b has a communication pipe 1b branched from a downstream pipe of the water governor 1a and connected to an upper end portion thereof, and a diaphragm 2c is disposed inside to divide it into upper and lower two chambers. ing. The branch pipe 2a communicates with a chamber below the diaphragm 2c, the communication pipe 1b has a flow passage connected to an upper chamber, and the internal pressures of the upstream and downstream flow passages of the water governor 1a are supplied to these chambers, respectively. Can be propagated.

The lower end of the differential pressure sensing unit 2b is connected to the water side header 4, and the valve body 2d penetrating this connecting portion is connected to the diaphragm 2c. The valve body 2d has a truncated cone shape connected to the diaphragm 2c by a guide 2e having a cross-shaped cross section, and is arranged so as to face the valve seat 4f in the water side header 4. The diaphragm 2c is elastically deformed in the vertical direction in accordance with the balance of the pressures in the upper and lower chambers, whereby the valve body 2d can be moved toward or away from the valve seat 4f.

Even when the diaphragm 2c is deformed to the upper side by the maximum amount, the valve body 2d is prevented from completely adhering to the valve seat 4f so that the pressure inside the differential pressure sensing unit 2b may change. The flow path from the branch pipe 2a to the water side header 4 side can be kept open.

When water is supplied from the water supply pipe 2 to the water heater 1,
The water supplied from the branch pipe 2a to the differential pressure sensing unit 2b is sent to the water side header 4 from the valve body 2d and the valve seat 4f which are in the open state, and is supplied from the water supply pipe 7a to the hot and cold water mixing taps at each end. It At this time, the water supply pressure downstream of the water governor 1a acts in such a direction as to push the diaphragm 2c upward.
Further, the water pressure of the water flowing from the water governor 1a to the heating portion of the water heater 1 is transmitted to the communication pipe 1b in the upper chamber of the diaphragm 2c, and acts to push the diaphragm 2c downward.

Therefore, the diaphragm 2c supplies the water supply pressure on the water side header 4 side and on the water side header side arranged downstream of the heat transfer section of the water heater 1 as shown in FIGS. At the same time, the valve body 2d is moved in the vertical direction in the figure in response to the difference in water supply pressure.

On the other hand, the water governor 1a operates so as to control the amount of water supplied by the combustion control of the water heater 1, and when the amount of water supplied to the water heater 1 side is reduced, the flow rate to the branch pipe 2a side increases. At this time, the diaphragm 2c is deformed upward in the figure by the water supply pressure transmitted to the differential pressure sensing unit 2b via the communication pipe 1b and the branch pipe 2a. Therefore, the valve body 2d approaches the valve seat 4f side to reduce the valve opening degree, and the differential pressure between the valve body 2d and the hot water side header whose internal pressure decreases due to the throttle of the water supply is adjusted synchronously. .

Such an adjustment is the same when the amount of water supplied to the water heater 1 is increased, and the diaphragm 2c is deformed downward due to the increase in the internal pressure from the communication pipe 1b, so that the valve body 2d and the valve seat are seated. 4f becomes large, the water supply amount to the water side header 4 side increases, and the water supply pressure to the water side header 4 also rises at the same time as the water supply pressure to the water heater 1 side increases.

As described above, the differential pressure sensing unit 2b is executed so that the water supply pressures inside the water side header 4 and the hot water side header are the same or constant. Thus, the fluctuation of the mixed water temperature at the hot and cold water mixing tap at the end is prevented.

FIG. 6 shows that the hot water supply pipe 3 from the hot water supply device 1 is provided with a header in which the water side and the hot water side are integrated, and in response to the pressure of the hot water from the hot water supply pipe 3, the water supply flow rate from the water supply pipe 2 to the water supply pipe. This is an example of setting.

In the water heater 1, a water governor 1a is arranged in the pipe extending from the water supply pipe 2 to the heat transfer section as in the previous example. Then, at the respective ends of the branch pipe 2a connected to the water supply pipe 2 and the hot water supply pipe 3 from the water heater 1, water and hot water and the combined header 11 are provided.
The joint header 11 is used to adjust the flow rate of the water supplied from the water supply pipe 2 based on the pressure of the hot water supplied from the hot water supply pipe 3 to supply water to and supply water to the end.

FIG. 7 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the details of the combined header 11, showing a water header 12 to which the branch pipe 2a from the water supply pipe 2 is connected and a hot water header 13 connected to the hot water supply pipe 3. It has a structure that is connected together.

The water header 12 has a water chamber 12a formed at one end side to which water supply pipes 14a to the hot and cold water mixing taps at the ends are connected, and an annular partition wall 12b at the connection end side with the hot water header 13. The valve seat 12c is formed on the inner surface of the valve seat 12c facing the water chamber 12b. And this partition wall 12b
A space on the left side of the branch pipe 2a is connected to form a water supply chamber 12d, and a straightening plate 12f having a large number of small holes 12e is provided between the water chamber 12a and the downstream side of the partition wall 12b. .

Between the header 12 for water and the header 13 for hot water, a valve body 15 whose position is changed by the water supply pressure and the hot water supply pressure in the respective headers 12, 13 is incorporated. This valve body 15 is a piston 15b having a packing 15a which is slidably adhered to the inner peripheral wall of the hot water header 13 on the peripheral surface.
Is formed at one end, a guide 15c having a cross-shaped cross section is provided from the piston 15b, and a cone 15d having a substantially truncated cone shape is provided on the tip side of the guide 15c. The guide 15c is located at one end of the water side header 12 and at a position penetrating an annular seat 12g provided at a joint portion with the hot water side header 13, and the water supply chamber 12d has a cruciform cross section of the guide 15c so that the right end of the piston 15b is formed. It communicates with the inside of the hot water side header 13 facing the surface side.

Here, the valve body 15 is the header 1 for water and hot water.
The pressure of water and hot water inside 2 and 13 is received, and its position is changed according to the magnitude relation of these pressures. That is, in FIG. 7, the hot water supply pressure that the piston 15b receives by the hot water in the hot water header 13 and the cone 15d are the hot water header 1
The water supply pressure received from the water in 2 acts to push the valve element 15 to the right and left sides, respectively. Therefore, when the hot water supply pressure rises from the state shown in the figure, the piston 15b is pushed by the pressure rise and the valve body 15 moves to the right side, whereby the cone 15d moves away from the partition wall 12d to the right side, and the space between the cone 15d and the valve seat 12c. Widen the valve opening of. Therefore, as the pressure on the hot water supply side rises, the amount of water supplied to the water side header 12 also increases at the same time, and the pressure of the water supply in the pipe flow can be increased.

Further, as shown by the broken line in the figure, the valve body 15
Is moving to the right by the maximum amount, that is, when the pressure on the hot water supply side is high, when the amount of hot water supplied from the hot water supply pipe 3 is reduced by the combustion control on the hot water supply side, the piston 15b moves to the right. The pressure of the hot water you are trying to push also drops. On the other hand, the water supply pipe 2 is only connected to the water supply source on the upstream side, and the water supply pressure does not change unless it is operated.
The valve element 15 moves to the left due to the pressure difference between the hot water supply and the hot water supply that sandwich the piston 15b facing the 2d side. Therefore, the cone 15d approaches the valve seat 12c side to change the valve opening degree, and the amount of water supplied to the water chamber 12a side is reduced. Therefore, when a pressure drop occurs on the hot water supply side, the flow rate is also throttled in the water side header 12, and the pressure of the internal flow can be lowered.

As described above, in the example in which the joint header 11 is provided, the fluctuation of the hot water supply pressure in the hot water header 13 due to the hot water supply from the hot water supply device 1 is captured by the valve body 15 and the movement of the valve body 15 itself is utilized. The pressure of the water supply on the side of the water header 12 can be adjusted in the same direction as the increase or decrease of the pressure on the side of the hot water supply. Therefore, by setting the pressures of water and hot water in the water and hot water headers 12 and 13 to be the same by the valve body 15 or maintaining the difference between these pressures constant, the water supply pipes 14a and Pressure fluctuations from the hot water supply pipe 14b to the hot and cold water mixing tap at the end can be prevented, and fluctuations in the temperature of the discharged mixed water can also be suppressed.

FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing still another example,
This is the branch pipe 2a of the water supply pipe 2 as in the example of FIGS.
In addition to the water header 16, the hot water supply pipe 3 is connected to a hot water header 17 at the end, and a plurality of water supply pipes 18a and 18b are connected to the water and hot water headers 16 and 17, respectively. It is a thing. The water governor 1a is provided in the water supply path from the water supply pipe 2 on the inlet side of the water heater 1 as in the example of FIG.

The branch pipe 2a to the water side header 16 is provided with a flow rate adjusting valve 19 similar to that shown in the example of FIG. 3, and the water and hot water headers 16 and 17 are provided with respective water supply and hot water supply pressures. Pressure sensors 16a and 17a for detection are provided. The flow rate adjusting valve 19 has a valve mechanism driven by a motor,
Control is performed so that the valve opening degree is set by signals from the pressure sensors 16a and 17a.

The flow rate adjusting valve 19 is controlled by the pressure sensor 16
Based on the respective signals from a and 17a, when the hot water supply pressure is high, the valve opening is increased so as to increase the amount of water supplied from the water supply pipe 2 to the water side header 16, and thereby the water side and hot water side headers 16, 17 Set so that the pressure is the same.
Further, when the pressure on the water supply side increases due to the decrease in the hot water supply flow rate from the water heater 1, the valve opening of the flow rate adjusting valve 19 is made to operate so as to maintain the pressure balance with the hot water supply pressure side.

FIG. 9 shows an example in which the pressure difference between the water side and the hot water side is kept constant by controlling the pressure of hot water supplied from the water heater 1.

As in the previous example, the water supply pipe 2 is provided with a water governor 1a before the heat transfer section of the water heater 1, and the water governor 1a is provided.
The outlets of the branch pipe 2 a and the hot water supply pipe 3 are connected to the joint header 30 by branching from the upstream side. This combined header 30 is an integrated one of the water side header and the hot water side header similar to those shown in the examples of FIGS. 6 and 7, and communicates with the branch pipe 2a and the hot water supply pipe 3 by the partition wall 31 in the central portion. Then, it is divided into a water chamber 32 and a hot water chamber 33 which respectively form a water side header and a hot water side header. These water chambers 32
A hot water supply pipe 32a and a hot water supply pipe 33a directed to the hot and cold water mixing taps at the ends are connected to the hot water chamber 33 and the partition wall 3 respectively.
The water valve seat 32b and the hot water valve seat 33b which are annular in the portion facing 1
Is formed.

A bore 31a is opened in the partition wall 31 in such a direction as to penetrate between the water chamber 32 and the hot water chamber 32, and a conventionally known piston type pressure valve body 34 is movably incorporated in the bore 31a in the axial direction thereof. . The pressure valve body 34 includes a piston 34a located in the bore 32a and sealed by a packing 32b, and a water valve body 34b and a hot water valve body 34c provided at positions coaxially separated from the piston 34a. It is a thing. The area of the axial end surface of the piston 34a that receives the water supply pressure from the branch pipe 2a and the hot water supply pressure from the hot water supply pipe 3 in the axial direction is greater than the pressure receiving areas of the water valve element 34b and the hot water valve element 34c. Also have a big relationship.

With such a structure, when the water supply pressure to the joint header 30 and the hot water supply pressure are substantially equal and there is no fluctuation,
As shown in the figure, the valve openings between the water valve seat 33a and the hot water valve seat 33b of the hot water valve body 34b and the hot water valve body 34c are kept substantially the same.

Here, when the hot water supply pressure fluctuates and rises, the pressure receiving area on the piston 34a side is larger than that on the hot water valve body 34c, so the pressure valve body 34 moves to the water chamber 32 side. As a result, the valve opening between the hot water valve body 34c and the hot water valve seat 33b becomes small, and the opening degree at the water valve body 34b and the hot water valve seat 33b becomes large. The amount of water supply to Therefore, it is possible to suppress the pressure increase in the hot water chamber 33 and simultaneously increase the pressure in the water chamber 32. Further, when the pressure on the water supply side becomes high, the pressure valve body 34 can be operated to move to the hot water chamber 33 side to increase the hot water supply pressure and decrease the water supply pressure. Even if it occurs, the differential pressure between the water side and the hot water side in the combined header 30 can be maintained constant.

As described above, in each of the above examples, the water supply header and the water supply header to which the hot water supply pipe and the hot water supply pipe connected to the hot and cold water mixing tap at the end are respectively connected, the fluctuation of the hot water supply amount due to the combustion control of the water heater, When using multiple hot and cold water mixing taps at the end and changing the amount of water and hot water depending on the flow rate ratio of water supply and hot water used at the end, etc., make the water supply pressure and hot water supply pressure the same or make the pressure difference constant. be able to. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the temperature variation of the mixed water from the hot and cold water mixing tap at the end, and for example, the hot and cold water mixing tap having a simple structure without an automatic temperature control function can be used as it is.

[0079]

According to the present invention, the flow rate adjusting mechanism is used to adjust the flow rate to the water supply header side in response to the pressure fluctuation on the hot water supply header side by knowing the flow rate and pressure at the water supply inlet or the hot water supply outlet to the water heater. By adjusting the pressure of the water side header by the pressure adjusting means described above, the hot water supply and the water supply pressure between the hot water side header and the water side header can be always kept constant even if there is the same or differential pressure. By doing so, it is possible to suppress temperature fluctuations in the mixed water of water and hot water in the water discharge facility at the end.
In this way , it is possible to obtain water and hot water with a stable temperature and flow rate. Further, even in the conventional thermostat mixing valve, the mixing performance is further improved by suppressing the fluctuations of the water supply pressure and the hot water supply pressure, which makes it easier to use, and the mechanism for automatic temperature control is also simplified and downsized.

Further, even under various conditions such as usage at each end, that is, simultaneous use at a plurality of locations and whether the flow rate of hot water used is large or small, the headers on the water side and the hot water side are By keeping the differential pressure constant, temperature fluctuations of the mixed water can be similarly suppressed, and if advantages such as the ease of adding pipes by using a header are included, it can be preferably used particularly in an apartment house or the like.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a piping system diagram of water supply and hot water supply including a water heater to which a water supply / hot water supply system of the present invention can be applied.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing an example in which a water supply pipe is provided with a distributor to distribute the water supply to the water heater side and the water side header side.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an example including a flow rate adjusting valve for detecting the amount of water supplied toward the water heater side and controlling the amount of water supplied to the water side header based on the detected amount.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an example including a pressure sensor that detects the pressure of water supply instead of the flow rate sensor in the example of FIG.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a main part showing an example in which the pressures of the headers on the water side and the hot water side are adjusted by the differential pressure sensing unit.

FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing an example including joint headers respectively connected to a water supply pipe and a hot water supply pipe.

7 is a schematic vertical cross-sectional view of a main part showing details of a combined header in the example of FIG.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing an example in which the amount of water supplied to the water side header is controlled by signals from pressure sensors provided on the water side header and the hot water side header respectively.

FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing an example provided with a joint header for controlling the differential pressure between the water side and the hot water side to be constant according to the pressure of the hot water from the water heater.

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a conventional example including a water side header and a hot water side header in equipment including a water heater.

[Explanation of symbols]

1: Water heater 1a: Governor 2: Water supply pipe 2a: Branch pipe 2b: Differential pressure sensing unit 2c: diaphragm 2d: valve body 3: Hot water supply pipe 4: Water side header 4f: valve seat 5: Hot water side header 7a: Water supply pipe 7b: Hot water supply pipe 8: Distributor 9: Flow rate sensor 10: Flow control valve 11: Joint header 12: Water side header 13: Hot water side header 14a: Water supply pipe 14b: Hot water supply pipe 15: Disc 16: Water side header 17: Hot water side header 18a: Water supply pipe 18b: Hot water supply pipe 19: Flow control valve 20: Pressure sensor 30: Joint header 31: Partition wall 32: Water chamber (water side header) 33: Hot water room (hot water side header) 34: Pressure valve body

Claims (13)

(57) [Claims] 1. A water supply path from the water supply source side to the water heater,
A hot water supply passage that extends downstream from the heat transfer portion of the water heater, a water side header that is connected to a flow path that branches off from the water supply passage before the heat transfer portion of the water heater, and a hot water side header that is connected to the hot water supply passage And a plurality of water-side and hot-water-side headers each having a plurality of water supply pipes and hot water supply pipes connected to the end discharge portion, the respective water supply pressures and hot water supply pressures in the water-side and hot-water side headers. A water supply / hot water supply system including pressure adjusting means for maintaining a constant pressure difference between the water supply and the water supply. 2. The water supply / hot water supply system according to claim 1, wherein the pressure adjusting means includes a valve mechanism capable of setting respective amounts of water supplied to the water heater and the water side header by adjusting an opening degree of an internal passage. 3. The pressure adjusting means comprises a valve mechanism for controlling the amount of water supplied to the water side header side in accordance with the pressure difference between the hot water side header side and the water side header side. Water supply / hot water supply system described in 1. 4. The pressure adjusting means adjusts the water supply amount and the hot water supply amount to the water side header and the hot water side header according to the pressure difference between the water supply pressure from the water supply passage and the hot water supply pressure from the water heater. The water supply / hot water supply system according to claim 1, comprising a valve mechanism for controlling. 5. The valve mechanism is a distributor for branching a flow path from the water supply path to the water heater and the water-side header,
The distributor includes a governor mechanism that controls the amount of water supplied to the heat transfer unit according to a specified relationship between the amount of heat generated by the heat transfer unit of the water heater and the amount of water supplied toward the heat transfer unit, and the governor. The water supply / hot water supply system according to claim 2, further comprising: a distribution valve mechanism capable of changing the amount of water supplied to the water side header in association with the mechanism. 6. The valve mechanism is provided on an inlet side of the water heater to detect a water supply amount from the water supply passage, and is branched from the water supply passage upstream of the flow sensor. The water supply / hot water supply system according to claim 2, further comprising a flow rate adjusting valve provided in a flow path toward the water side header and capable of changing a supply flow rate to the water side header according to a signal from the flow rate sensor. 7. The valve mechanism includes a pressure sensor provided on an inlet side of the water heater for detecting a pressure of water supplied to a hot water header, and a water supply passage branched upstream of the pressure sensor to supply the water. The water supply valve according to claim 2, further comprising: a flow rate adjustment valve that is provided in a flow path toward the side header and that can change a supply flow rate to the water side header according to a signal from the pressure sensor.
Hot water supply system. 8. The valve mechanism includes pressure sensors capable of detecting water supply pressures and hot water supply pressures at the water side header and the hot water side header, respectively, and a flow path branched from the water supply passage to the water side header. The water supply / hot water supply system according to claim 3, further comprising: a flow rate adjusting valve provided in the air conditioner and operable based on a signal from the pressure sensor. 9. The valve mechanism comprises a differential pressure sensing member that responds to the internal pressures of the water side and the hot water side of the header, and the opening of the flow channel to the water side header that is connected to the differential pressure sensing member. The water supply / hot water supply system according to claim 3, further comprising a valve body capable of setting the temperature. Wherein said differential pressure sensing member, water supply and of claim 9, wherein by defining a flow path communicating to each of the water-side and hot-side header comprising a diaphragm and connected to the valve body
Hot water supply system. 11. The valve mechanism includes a valve body in which the water-side header and the hot-water header are connected to each other in communication with each other, and the valve body is installed movably in the axial direction so as to straddle the connected portions. The valve body is provided with a pressure receiving member located at one end in the hot water side header and capable of receiving the hot water supply pressure of the hot water from the water heater, and the other end is in the water side header from the water supply passage. A valve seat that can face a valve seat formed downstream of the connection point of the branched flow path, and when the hot water supply pressure from the water heater increases, the valve body can be driven in a direction that widens the valve opening degree with respect to the valve seat. The water supply / hot water supply system according to item 3. 12. The water supply / hot water supply system according to claim 11, wherein the pressure receiving member is a piston movable in a watertight manner in the hot water side header. 13. The valve mechanism includes a pressure valve body capable of uniaxially changing the flow passage area of each of the water-side header communicating with the water supply passage and the hot-water header communicating with the hot water supply passage. The water supply system according to claim 4, wherein the pressure valve body is movable in a direction in which it receives a water supply pressure from the water supply passage and a hot water supply pressure from the hot water supply passage to make a differential pressure between the water side and the water side header constant. Hot water supply system.