JP3480085B2 - Dead time compensation circuit - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a dead time compensation circuit, and is particularly useful when applied to a power conversion device such as a PWM inverter or a converter, or a variable speed drive device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art For example, in a system for controlling the speed of an induction motor by a PWM inverter, a switching delay time occurs due to an arm short circuit prevention period (dead time) of a main circuit element that constitutes the inverter, and a PWM command and an inverter Since there is a voltage error with the output voltage,
It has a circuit for compensating for this voltage error, that is, a dead time compensation circuit.

An example of this type of dead time compensating circuit is disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2-307369. P in this case
FIG. 3 shows the WM inverter device, and FIG. 4 shows the dead time compensation circuit portion thereof.

As shown in FIG. 3, the PWM pattern generation circuit 1 sends out a PWM command U ^* . Dead time compensation circuit 2 dead-time compensation to compensate for the voltage error between the PWM command U ^* and the output voltage U of the inverter based on the output voltage detection signal U _det of the PWM command U ^* and the voltage detection circuit 3 is sent It outputs the output signal U '. The dead time generation circuit 4 controls the main circuit 5 of the inverter based on the dead time compensation output signal U '. The voltage detection circuit 3 uses the output voltage U of the main circuit 5 that supplies the load, which is an induction motor, for example.
The output voltage is detected as a binary value corresponding to the H (High) or L (Low) state.
The result is sent out as the output voltage detection signal U _det .

As shown in FIG. 4, the logic circuit A1 is composed of an AND circuit 6 and an inverter 7, and has a PWM
A period during which the command U ^* is "H" and the output voltage detection signal U _det is "L" is detected, and the enable terminal of the counter A3 controls the counting up / stopping.
The logic circuit A2 is composed of an AND circuit 8 and an inverter 9, and detects a period when the PWM command U ^* is "L" and the output voltage detection signal U _det is "H", and the counter A4
The enable terminal is used to control the counting up / stopping.

The counter A3 is a counter which counts up by the enable output of the logic circuit A1 and has a function of returning to zero after transmitting a carry signal at the time of overflow. The counter A4 is a counter which counts up by the enable output of the logic circuit A2 and has a function of sending a carry signal at the time of overflow and then returning to zero. In these counters A3 and A4, the time from zero to overflow corresponds to the dead time compensation setting delay time T _dly .

The SR latch circuit A5 uses the carry signal of the counter A3 as a set pulse, and the counter A4.
Is used as a reset pulse to generate a dead time compensation output signal U'for dead time compensation.

FIG. 5 shows the dead time compensation circuit 2 shown in FIG.
FIG. 3 is a waveform diagram showing the waveform of each part in FIG. The dead
The function of the im compensation circuit 2 is the PWM command U^*Output voltage from
Delay time until U detection when dead time compensation setting delay
Interval T_dlyControl so that it becomes equal to the setting value indicated by
It is a thing. If the PWM waveform rises and falls
If the output voltage U is always delayed by a certain time,
The ratio of L is the PWM command U ^*The same ratio as the H / L ratio of
It That is, the PWM command U^*Waveform and output voltage U waveform
Are equal to each other, and the voltage output according to the command is possible.

The compensation operation by the dead time compensation circuit 2 shown in FIG. 4 will be described in detail with reference to FIG.

Here, the counters A3 and A4 are assumed to be repetitive counters which count up in a dead time compensation setting delay time T _dly cycle.

(A) First, consider the case where the PWM command U ^* changes from "L to H" at time P ₁ . Since the output voltage detection signal U _det is still "L", the logic circuit A1 enables the counter A3. Counter A3 is a carry signal at the time P ₂ back to zero and counts overflow starts counting up from the current value (set pulse)
Is output. This time P _2, and waveform shaped by the SR latch circuit A5, the dead time compensated output signal U 'is changed to L → H.

(B) The output voltage detection signal U _det is output at time P ₃ after a delay time such as switching of the dead time generation circuit 4 and the main circuit 5 with respect to time P ₂ of the change of the dead time compensation output signal U '. Change from L to H. This allows
The counter A3 stops counting.

[0013] In this case, counter A3's because it was counted up and until the time P ₃ a zero when time P _2, the count value of the time P ₃ is just time P ₂ → time P
_This is equivalent to measuring the time between _three .

[0014] (c) Next, at time P ₁ 'to again PWM command U ^* Consider the case was changed to "L → H". Time P ₃
→ time period until P ₁ 'is counter A3 remains stopped, the value of the time P ₃ are retained.

Here, it is assumed that the delay time between the previous time P _{2 and the} time P ₃ is the same between the time P ₂ ′ and the time P ₃ ′.

The purpose is to control the delay time from time P ₁ ′ to time P ₃ ′ to be constant at T _dly. Therefore, the delay time (P ₁ ′ →
The value of P ₂ ′) may be set to the time of T = (T _dly −T (P ₁ −P ₂ )). This delay time corresponds exactly to the count time from the value of the time P ₃ of the counter A3 to the overflow. Therefore, the dead time compensation output signal U ′ is set to L at the overflow time P ₂ ′ of the counter A3.
→ It should be changed to H.

In summary, the switching delay time from time P ₂ → time P ₃ is measured, and the delay is additionally compensated by time P ₁ ′ → time P ₂ ′ at the time of the next PWM command. T the delay time of 'from the time P _{3' 1} up
_dly can be controlled constantly.

Up to this point, only the case where the PWM pattern changes from L to H has been described, but also in the case of the opposite H to L, the logic circuit A2, the counter A4 and the SR latch circuit A are also provided.
By the reset operation of 5, the compensation is similarly performed so that the period from time Q ₁ to time Q ₃ becomes constant.

[0019]

The dead time compensating circuit 2 as described above has the effect of being able to greatly improve the output voltage accuracy of the PWM inverter, but the voltage detecting circuit 3
There are the following problems due to the reliability of.

That is, an optical semiconductor such as a photocoupler is usually used to convert and insulate the output voltage U into the logic voltage level of the control circuit. This optical semiconductor is a TTL.
There is a problem that the failure rate is higher than that of a logic circuit called CMOS or CMOS.

Compensation for dead time when this failure occurs
The behavior of the compensation circuit 2 will be described with reference to FIG. In the figure
Time X₁Output voltage detection
Signal U _detConsider the case where is fixed at "H". initially
Time Q₃Output voltage detection signal U _detChanges and counter A
4 should stop, but U_det= "H"
It keeps counting because it remains as it is. This behavior
When the waveform of the dead time compensation output signal U'is normal,
Is not a fatal drawback yet.

The fatal problem occurs after the next time P ₁ ′.

Although the counter A3 was supposed to operate at the time P ₁ ′, the counter A3 cannot operate due to a failure. Therefore, the set signal of the SR latch circuit A5 is not generated forever, and the dead time compensation output signal U'is fixed at "L". That is, PW
Since the M output is stopped, an abnormal phenomenon such as an overcurrent occurs when the motor is operating, etc., and the entire system stops.

On the other hand, the detection of the output voltage U itself is only used for dead time compensation. Even if this fails, if the PWM output function itself is normal, it is avoided that the system is stopped just by the failure of the voltage detection circuit 3, and if the operation can be continued continuously, the system reliability is improved.

Therefore, if the failure of the voltage detection circuit 3 is determined and the dead time compensation function is deleted and the PWM output is continued, the system stop can be avoided.

For this purpose, a circuit capable of detecting a failure of the voltage detection circuit 3 during the dead time compensation operation is required.

In view of the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention detects a failure of the voltage detection circuit for detecting the state of the output voltage of the main circuit supplied to the load, and when this failure is detected, dead time compensation is performed. It is an object of the present invention to provide a dead time compensation circuit capable of switching an output signal from an output signal to a PWM command and transmitting the PWM command.

[0028]

[Means for Solving the Problems] First to achieve the above object
Of the present invention uses the PWM command and the output voltage detection signal, which is the output signal of the voltage detection circuit that detects the binary state of the output voltage of the main circuit supplied to the load, to turn the output voltage ON / OFF.
In a dead time compensation circuit configured to control the delay time from the PWM command so that the ratio matches the PWM command , the counter is reset to zero each time the PWM command changes , while the PWM command and the dead time are reset. The dead time compensation output signal, which is the output signal of the compensation circuit, is directly
By processing, it represents the period when both signals are different
A signal is obtained and based on this signal the two signals are different
The counter detects that the period has exceeded a predetermined time
With that the characterized by being configured to detect a failure of the voltage detection circuit.

According to the second aspect of the invention, the PWM command and the output voltage detection signal which is the output signal of the voltage detection circuit for detecting the binary state of the output voltage of the main circuit supplied to the load
In the dead time compensating circuit configured to control the delay time from the PWM command so that the ON / OFF ratio of the output voltage matches the PWM command, the dead time compensation circuit matches the PWM command.
Dead time which is the output signal of the dead time compensation circuit
By directly processing the compensation output signal and the
Period detection means for obtaining a signal representing a period in which states are different
And resetting to zero each time the PWM command changes
And processing the output signal of the period detection means to generate the PWM
It is characterized in that it has a counter for counting a period in which the state of the command and the dead time compensation output signal are different, and a latch circuit which is set by an overflow signal of the counter and reset by an external signal or software control.

According to the third aspect of the invention, the PWM command and the output voltage detection signal which is the output signal of the voltage detection circuit for detecting the binary state of the output voltage of the main circuit supplied to the load
In the dead time compensation circuit configured to control the delay time from the PWM command so that the ON / OFF ratio of the output voltage matches the PWM command, every change of the PWM command
While the counter is reset to zero , both signals are processed by directly processing the PWM command and the dead time compensation output signal which is the output signal of the dead time compensation circuit.
Based on this signal we get a signal representing different periods
Note If the period when both signals are different exceeds the specified time.
Is detected by the counter, the failure of the voltage detection circuit is detected, and when the failure is detected, the dead time compensation output signal is switched to the PWM command.

According to the fourth aspect of the invention, the PWM command and the output voltage detection signal which is the output signal of the voltage detection circuit for detecting the binary state of the output voltage of the main circuit supplied to the load
In the dead time compensation circuit configured to control the delay time from the PWM command so that the ON / OFF ratio of the output voltage matches the PWM command, every change of the PWM command
While the counter is reset to zero , both signals are processed by directly processing the PWM command and the dead time compensation output signal which is the output signal of the dead time compensation circuit.
Based on this signal we get a signal representing different periods
Note If the period when both signals are different exceeds the specified time.
Is detected by the counter, the failure of the voltage detection circuit is detected, and when the failure is detected, the dead time compensation output signal is switched to the PWM command.

[0032]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the period when the PWM command and the dead time compensation output signal are different is equal to or longer than a predetermined time, and according to the second aspect, the counter overflow signal. Thus, it is possible to detect the failure of the voltage detection circuit. This is because when the voltage detection circuit fails, it does not change even when the dead time compensation output signal should change. According to the third and fourth aspects, when the failure of the voltage detection circuit is detected, the PWM command is sent instead of the dead time compensation output signal, so that the system operation can be continued as it is.

[0033]

Embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, an edge signal generating circuit A10, an exclusive OR circuit A11, counters A12 and S are added to the circuit shown in FIG.
An R latch circuit A13 and a changeover switch A14 are added. Therefore, the same parts as those in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 1, the edge signal generating circuit A
Reference numeral 10 detects the rising edge and the falling edge of the PWM command U ^* and generates an edge signal representing both edges. The exclusive OR circuit A11 is a circuit that takes the exclusive OR of the PWM command U ^* and the dead time compensation output signal U '. Therefore, the output of the exclusive OR circuit A11 is in the "H" state only while the PWM command U ^* is different from the dead time compensation output signal U '.

The counter A12 is an edge signal generating circuit A1.
It is cleared to zero by an edge signal of 0, and is enabled while the output of the exclusive OR circuit A11 is in the "H" state to perform a predetermined counting operation. As a result of this counting operation, a carry signal is sent out when the count value reaches a predetermined value. Counter A1 in this embodiment
2 is set so that the time required from zero to overflow is longer than the dead time compensation delay time T _dly .

The SR latch circuit A13 is set with the carry signal of the counter A12 as a set pulse, and sets its output signal Q to the "H" state to switch the changeover switch A14 in accordance with the detection of the failure. SR latch circuit A13
Generally, the reset is controlled by an external signal or software, but in this embodiment, it is configured to be reset at the edge portion of the PWM command U ^* .

The changeover switch A14 normally selects the dead time compensation output signal U'of the SR latch circuit A5 as an output signal, but selects the PWM command U ^* at the rise of the output signal Q of the SR latch circuit A13. It is configured as follows.

In the present embodiment having such a configuration, if there is no failure, the counter A12 is reset to zero every time after the change of the PWM command U ^* and after about the dead time compensation setting delay time T _dly , and the overflow occurs. Does not occur.

On the other hand, as in the case of FIG. 6, the voltage detection circuit 3
In case of failure, the count continues from time P ₁ ′ due to the failure, and overflow occurs at time P ₂ ′. As a result, the output FAULT of the SR latch circuit A13 for failure detection becomes "H", and the failure is detected.

As a result, the changeover switch A14 is changed over and the PWM command U ^* is bypassed and output.
The pattern is output continuously, and a fatal system down can be avoided.

[0042]

[0043]

As described above in detail with the embodiments, according to the present invention, a failure of the voltage detection circuit can be detected, and the output signal can be detected from the dead time compensation output signal by the detection of this failure. Since it can switch to PWM command, when dead time compensation is performed, PWM output does not stop even if a failure in detection of the output voltage of the main circuit occurs, preventing system stop can do.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing a dead time compensation circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a waveform diagram showing waveforms at various parts in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a PWM inverter device.

FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram showing a dead time compensation circuit according to a conventional technique.

5 is a waveform chart showing the waveforms of the respective parts of FIG. 4 (when normal).

FIG. 6 is a waveform diagram showing waveforms of respective parts of FIG. 4 (when a voltage detection circuit has a failure).

[Explanation of symbols]

1 PWM pattern generator 2 Dead time compensation circuit 3 Voltage detection circuit 5 Main circuit A10 Edge signal generation circuit A11 Exclusive OR circuit A12 Counter A13 SR latch circuit A14 Changeover switch U ^* PWM command U _det Output voltage detection signal U Output voltage U'Dead time compensation output signal

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. Output voltage ON / O is controlled by a PWM command and an output voltage detection signal which is an output signal of a voltage detection circuit for detecting a binary state of an output voltage of a main circuit supplied to a load.
In a dead time compensation circuit configured to control the delay time from the PWM command so that the FF ratio matches the PWM command , the counter is reset to zero each time the PWM command changes , while the PWM command and the dead command are reset. Directly processing the dead time compensation output signal which is the output signal of the time compensation circuit
Gives a signal that represents the period in which the two signals are different.
Based on the signal of the above, when the above two signals are different for a predetermined period
A dead time compensating circuit configured to detect a failure of the voltage detecting circuit based on the fact that the counter has detected that the interval has been exceeded . 2. The output voltage is turned on / off by a PWM command and an output voltage detection signal which is an output signal of a voltage detection circuit for detecting a binary state of the output voltage of the main circuit supplied to the load.
In a dead time compensation circuit configured to control the delay time from the PWM command so that the FF ratio matches the PWM command, the PWM command and the output signal of the dead time compensation circuit
Directly processing the dead time compensation output signal which is
The signal that represents the period when the two signals are in different states.
And a period detection means for obtaining, and resetting to zero each time the PWM command changes ,
A counter that processes the output signal of the period detection means and counts the period in which the states of the PWM command and the dead time compensation output signal are different; and a counter that is set by an overflow signal and reset by an external signal or software control. A dead time compensating circuit. 3. The output voltage is turned on and off by a PWM command and an output voltage detection signal which is an output signal of a voltage detection circuit for detecting the binary state of the output voltage of the main circuit supplied to the load.
In a dead time compensation circuit configured to control the delay time from the PWM command so that the FF ratio matches the PWM command , the counter is reset to zero each time the PWM command changes , while the PWM command and the dead command are reset. Directly processing the dead time compensation output signal which is the output signal of the time compensation circuit
Gives a signal that represents the period in which the two signals are different.
Based on the signal of the above, when the above two signals are different for a predetermined period
The counter detects that the voltage detection circuit has failed for a period of time or more, and when this failure is detected, the PWM command is output from the dead time compensation output signal. A dead time compensation circuit characterized by being configured to switch to. 4. The output voltage is turned ON / O by a PWM command and an output voltage detection signal which is an output signal of a voltage detection circuit for detecting a binary state of the output voltage of the main circuit supplied to the load.
In a dead time compensation circuit configured to control the delay time from the PWM command so that the FF ratio matches the PWM command, the PWM command and the output signal of the dead time compensation circuit
Directly processing the dead time compensation output signal which is
The signal that represents the period when the two signals are in different states.
And a period detection means for obtaining, and resetting to zero each time the PWM command changes ,
A counter that processes the output signal of the period detection means and counts the period in which the states of the PWM command and the dead time compensation output signal are different; and a counter that is set by an overflow signal and reset by an external signal or software control. And a switch circuit for switching an output signal from a dead time compensation output to a PWM command when an overflow of the counter is detected.