JP3478843B2 - 人工股関節 - Google Patents

人工股関節

Info

Publication number
JP3478843B2
JP3478843B2 JP27487392A JP27487392A JP3478843B2 JP 3478843 B2 JP3478843 B2 JP 3478843B2 JP 27487392 A JP27487392 A JP 27487392A JP 27487392 A JP27487392 A JP 27487392A JP 3478843 B2 JP3478843 B2 JP 3478843B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
stem
collar
spacer
hip prosthesis
prosthesis
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
JP27487392A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
JPH05212068A (ja
Inventor
ウィリアム・エフ・ホフマン
リチャード・ディー・スコット
ジェイムズ・エイ・ランド
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Johnson and Johnson Professional Inc
Original Assignee
Johnson and Johnson Orthopaedics Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Johnson and Johnson Orthopaedics Inc filed Critical Johnson and Johnson Orthopaedics Inc
Publication of JPH05212068A publication Critical patent/JPH05212068A/ja
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP3478843B2 publication Critical patent/JP3478843B2/ja
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/30721Accessories
    • A61F2/30724Spacers for centering an implant in a bone cavity, e.g. in a cement-receiving cavity
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/32Joints for the hip
    • A61F2/36Femoral heads ; Femoral endoprostheses
    • A61F2/3662Femoral shafts
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/30767Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/30767Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
    • A61F2/30771Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth applied in original prostheses, e.g. holes or grooves
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/32Joints for the hip
    • A61F2/36Femoral heads ; Femoral endoprostheses
    • A61F2/3662Femoral shafts
    • A61F2/367Proximal or metaphyseal parts of shafts
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/32Joints for the hip
    • A61F2/36Femoral heads ; Femoral endoprostheses
    • A61F2/3662Femoral shafts
    • A61F2/3676Distal or diaphyseal parts of shafts
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/46Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor
    • A61F2/4603Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor for insertion or extraction of endoprosthetic joints or of accessories thereof
    • A61F2/4607Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor for insertion or extraction of endoprosthetic joints or of accessories thereof of hip femoral endoprostheses
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2002/30001Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
    • A61F2002/30108Shapes
    • A61F2002/30199Three-dimensional shapes
    • A61F2002/30242Three-dimensional shapes spherical
    • A61F2002/30245Partial spheres
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2002/30001Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
    • A61F2002/30316The prosthesis having different structural features at different locations within the same prosthesis; Connections between prosthetic parts; Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
    • A61F2002/30329Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
    • A61F2002/30448Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements using adhesives
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/30767Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
    • A61F2/30771Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth applied in original prostheses, e.g. holes or grooves
    • A61F2002/30795Blind bores, e.g. of circular cross-section
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/30767Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
    • A61F2/30771Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth applied in original prostheses, e.g. holes or grooves
    • A61F2002/3082Grooves
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/30767Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
    • A61F2/30771Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth applied in original prostheses, e.g. holes or grooves
    • A61F2002/30878Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth applied in original prostheses, e.g. holes or grooves with non-sharp protrusions, for instance contacting the bone for anchoring, e.g. keels, pegs, pins, posts, shanks, stems, struts
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/32Joints for the hip
    • A61F2/36Femoral heads ; Femoral endoprostheses
    • A61F2/3609Femoral heads or necks; Connections of endoprosthetic heads or necks to endoprosthetic femoral shafts
    • A61F2002/3625Necks
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/32Joints for the hip
    • A61F2/36Femoral heads ; Femoral endoprostheses
    • A61F2/3609Femoral heads or necks; Connections of endoprosthetic heads or necks to endoprosthetic femoral shafts
    • A61F2002/3625Necks
    • A61F2002/3631Necks with an integral complete or partial peripheral collar or bearing shoulder at its base
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/32Joints for the hip
    • A61F2/36Femoral heads ; Femoral endoprostheses
    • A61F2/3609Femoral heads or necks; Connections of endoprosthetic heads or necks to endoprosthetic femoral shafts
    • A61F2002/365Connections of heads to necks
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/46Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor
    • A61F2002/4631Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor the prosthesis being specially adapted for being cemented
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/46Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor
    • A61F2002/4681Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor by applying mechanical shocks, e.g. by hammering
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2220/00Fixations or connections for prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
    • A61F2220/0025Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
    • A61F2220/005Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements using adhesives
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2230/00Geometry of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
    • A61F2230/0063Three-dimensional shapes
    • A61F2230/0071Three-dimensional shapes spherical

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
  • Cardiology (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Transplantation (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Prostheses (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 【0001】 【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、人工股関節、特に、人
工股関節の大腿骨要素に関する。本発明の人工股関節
は、大腿骨中心髄腔内の位置にセメント固定される型の
ものである。本発明の人工股関節は、至適な厚さのセメ
ント被膜を形成し、人工股関節の中立位置を中心髄腔内
に確実に維持するために、人工股関節を中心髄腔内に正
確に配設するスペ−サを使用している。本人工股関節に
は、インプラント時に、大腿距と至適に接触するカラ−
も付いている。 【0002】 【技術的背景】全人工股関節は、かなり昔から使用され
ている。これらの人工股関節は、一般的に、幹状部つま
り骨幹、頚部およびその頚部に装着される球状物とを包
含する大腿骨要素から成る。その球状物は、人工股関節
の第二の主要な要素である人工臼蓋内に配設される。人
工臼蓋は、一般的には、超高分子量ポリエチレンより製
作されており、大腿骨要素の球状物を受け入れる球状開
口部を包含する。人工臼蓋の球状腔内を自由に移動可能
な大腿骨球状物によって、脚の正常な運動が容易とな
る。 【0003】一部の人工股関節大腿骨要素は、人工股関
節頚部の下にあり、大腿骨と接触するカラ−を包含す
る。従来技術の人工股関節の特殊な外形にはかなりの数
の変形例がある。 【0004】米国特許第4,851,004 号、第4,068,324 号
および意匠特許第280,020 号では、楕円形状であり、カ
ラ−の外側部分で最大幅となっているカラ−あるいはフ
ランジ付き人工股関節を開示している。 【0005】米国特許第4,642,124 号、第4,516,277
号、第4,514,865 号および意匠特許第254,987 号では、
本質的に円形のカラ−を開示している。 【0006】米国特許第4,795,472 号および第4,871,36
9 号では、幹状部より内側に延在するカラ−を有する人
口股関節を開示している。 【0007】 【発明の概要】本発明の人工股関節は、人工股関節の幹
状部上でカラ−の遠位に位置しており、インプラント時
には、幹状部つまり骨幹を中心髄腔内の適切な位置に配
設することによって、セメント被膜を至適な厚さにする
セメントスペ−サを提供する。このことによって、骨幹
が、中心髄腔内の内反あるいは外反位置に対して中立位
置に確実に来るようになる。この位置はまた、骨とセメ
ントと幹状部の界面の長期安定性を確実にする。 【0008】本発明はまた、人工股関節が完全に装着さ
れた場合に、大腿距と直接平行接触するように形成され
ているカラ−を包含する人工股関節の大腿骨要素も提供
する。このカラ−の使用により、骨、および人工股関節
の幹状部を中心髄腔内に確実に保持するのに使用されて
いるセメント被膜に対して均一な応力分布が促進され
る。カラ−と大腿距との接触による骨に対する応力は、
人工股関節と骨間に接触がない場合に発現することのあ
る骨吸収を減少させる。 【0009】本発明の人工股関節は、ヒトの患者の中心
髄腔内に嵌合するような形状になっている骨幹つまり幹
状部17を包含する。幹状部の上部つまり近位部分24
には、人工股関節のこの部分に、セメントがより良く接
着するような仕上を提供することも可能である。幹状部
の下部つまり遠位部分25は、人工股関節に接触するセ
メントの保持を容易にする多数の溝18を有することが
ある。 【0010】人工股関節の近位端は、球状物を幹状部に
装着可能にする標準のMorse 型テ−パを有する頚部11
を有する。球状物は、全人工股関節の人工臼蓋内に配設
される。頚部11の直下は、幹状部を完全に装着した場
合に、患者の骨と最大接触するような形状となっている
カラ−12である。 【0011】図3、4および5に示すように、カラ−は
幹状部の外側より内側に延在する。カラ−の断面は、幹
状部より前方、後方および内側方向に大きい。カラ−の
断面と骨の断面との関係を図8に示す。カラ−は、大腿
距と最大接触を維持するような形状となっている。これ
を図1に示す。 【0012】カラ−12の直下には若干数のセメントス
ペ−サ13と14がある。全スペ−サは、同一の外形で
あってもよいが、一般的には、幹状部の内側にあるスペ
−サ14は、幹状部の前方および後方側にあるスペ−サ
13より若干長い。スペ−サは金属あるいはプラスチッ
ク何れの材料で作ることも可能であるが、好ましくは、
人工股関節を中心髄腔内に固着するための骨セメントと
して一般的に使用されている材料であるポリメタクリル
酸メチルから製作されている。スペ−サの目的は、幹状
部を、大腿骨の中心髄腔内の所謂中立位置に配設するこ
とである。スペ−サと骨間の関係を図7に示す。幹状部
が中立位置にある場合、内側にも外側にも傾斜していな
い。スペ−サは、好ましくは球状であるが、矩形あるい
は楕円形等の他の外形に作ることも可能である。前方お
よび後方スペ−サの長さは、幹状部の表面よりスペ−サ
端までを測定した場合、一般的に約2〜4mmである。好
適な長さは、約3.5mmである。内側スペ−サは、同一
寸法であってもよいが、幹状部表面より測定した場合の
長さが約4〜6mmである内側スペ−サを使用することが
好ましい。好適な実施例では、スペ−サの直径は約6.5m
m である。スペ−サは、スペ−サの近位縁がカラ−27
の遠位縁に近接するような位置に配設される。一般的
に、スペ−サの近位縁は、カラ−の遠位面より1〜5mm
離れている。更に好ましくは、スペ−サの近位縁と、カ
ラ−の遠位縁間の距離は、スペ−サの半径あるいは、ス
ペ−サが円形でない場合は半径に相当する距離、つまり
スペ−サの中心線からスペ−サの近位縁までの距離より
短い。スペ−サは接着剤によって幹状部に接着するか、
または幹状部に穴を開けてスペ−サをその穴内に挿嵌し
てもよい。幹状部の遠位端17は、図1に示す遠位中心
化物23の使用により配設される。 【0013】幹状部を中心髄腔内に挿入した場合に、セ
メントの適切な圧縮を幾分補助する翼状部24が、幹状
部外側にある。人工股関節のカラ−12は、大腿距ある
いは骨の充実部分との最大接触を提供するように設計さ
れている。カラ−の断面積は、カラ−に隣接する幹状部
の断面積より大きい。このことを、図7と図8の比較に
よって示す。このことにより、骨、特に人工股関節の内
側に対する応力負荷を提供する。応力負荷は、骨吸収を
最小限にすることが認められている。つまり、骨に対す
る応力がない場合、骨吸収あるいは骨消失する傾向が多
大となる。インプラントした人工股関節周囲の骨吸収
は、骨に対して不均一な応力分布を生じさせ、その結
果、骨の破損、応力割れ、および最終的にはセメントの
破損となる。本発明のカラ−の外形は、骨の内側との至
適接触を提供し、また切断大腿距との、内側、前方およ
び後方面での最大接触を提供する。カラ−は、幹状部の
内側縁部分と重なるまで一般的に円形である内側周囲を
有する。その点で、カラ−の前方及び後方部分は、人工
股関節の外側縁方向に、約45°の角度で延在する。つ
まり、カラ−の前方あるいは後方縁と、カラ−の中心線
あるいは幹状部の中心線との角度は約22.5°となる
ことによって、カラ−の前方と後方縁間の角度は45°
となる。この45°という角度は、約5°位の若干量の
変化が可能であり、したがって一般的に、カラ−の後方
および前方縁間の角度は40〜50°であり、好ましく
は45°である。この外形が、カラ−と大腿距との至適
接触を提供する。 【0014】人工股関節の内側縁には、衝撃穴26があ
る。この衝撃穴の目的は、幹状部を中心髄腔内に配設す
るような力を加えるための位置を幹状部の中心線に沿っ
て提供するために使用する器具を挿入および装着可能と
することである。 【0015】つぎに、この発明の実施態様について説明
する。 (1)前記スペ−サがポリメタクリル酸メチルから製作
されている請求項1に記載の人工股関節。 (2)前記スペ−サの断面が一般的に円形である請求項
1に記載の人工股関節。 (3)前記スペ−サが一般的に球形状を有する請求項1
に記載の人工股関節。 ()前記スペ−サの中心線が、前記スペ−サの中心線
とその近位縁間の距離より短い距離で、前記カラ−の遠
位縁より離れた位置に配設されている請求項1に記載の
人工股関節。 ()前記スペ−サの近位縁が、前記カラ−の遠位表面
より1〜5mm離れている請求項1に記載の人工股関節。 ()前記カラ−の前方および後方縁間で形成される角
度が40〜50°である請求項1に記載の人工股関節。 ()前記カラ−が、前記幹状部外側縁より内側で終端
している上記実施態様()に記載の人工股関節。
【図面の簡単な説明】 【図1】本発明の人工股関節をインプラントした場合の
配置を示す大腿骨の部分断面図である。 【図2】本発明の大腿骨要素の等距離図である。 【図3】本発明の人工股関節の前面図あるいは側面図で
ある。 【図4】本発明の人工股関節の前方あるいは後方側の図
である。 【図5】本発明の人工股関節の外側の図である。 【図6】本発明の人工股関節の頂面図である。 【図7】本発明のスペーサと骨間の関係を示す断面図で
ある。 【図8】本発明のカラーの断面と骨の断面との関係を示
す断面図である。
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 リチャード・ディー・スコット アメリカ合衆国、02026 マサチューセ ッツ州、デッドハム、ニッカーソン・ロ ード 10 (72)発明者 ジェイムズ・エイ・ランド アメリカ合衆国、55902 ミネソタ州、 ロチェスター、ウエストウッド・シティ ー・サウス・ウエスト 1939 (56)参考文献 英国特許出願公開2216015(GB,A) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7,DB名) A61F 2/36 WPI(DIALOG)

Claims (1)

  1. (57)【特許請求の範囲】 【請求項1】 球状頭部を受け入れるのに適している頸
    部と、前記頸部に接続しているカラ−と、前記カラ−に
    接続しており、患者の大腿骨中心髄腔内に挿入可能な幹
    状部と、前記幹状部を前記中心髄腔内に配設するため
    、前記カラ−に隣接し前記カラ−の遠位で前記幹状部
    表面に配設され、前記幹状部表面から外側に突き出てい
    る前方、後方および内側スペ−サとを備え、 前記幹状部が内側にも外側にも傾斜しない中立位置に前
    記幹状部を配設するために前記内側スペーサは前記前方
    及び後方スペーサより長く、 前記カラーが大腿距と最適な接触をするために、前記カ
    ラーの断面積は前記カラーに隣接する前記幹状部の部分
    の断面積より大きく、前記カラーの縁は前記幹状部の前
    方、後方および内側表面より広がっている 人工股関節。
JP27487392A 1991-09-30 1992-09-21 人工股関節 Expired - Lifetime JP3478843B2 (ja)

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US769030 1991-09-30

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EP (1) EP0539036B1 (ja)
JP (1) JP3478843B2 (ja)
AT (1) ATE145540T1 (ja)
AU (1) AU656627B2 (ja)
CA (1) CA2079256C (ja)
ES (1) ES2094306T3 (ja)
GR (1) GR1002517B (ja)

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ATE145540T1 (de) 1996-12-15
GR920100382A (el) 1993-06-21
JPH05212068A (ja) 1993-08-24
AU656627B2 (en) 1995-02-09
EP0539036A1 (en) 1993-04-28
CA2079256A1 (en) 1993-03-31
ES2094306T3 (es) 1997-01-16
EP0539036B1 (en) 1996-11-27
AU2528592A (en) 1993-04-01
US5314489A (en) 1994-05-24
GR1002517B (el) 1997-01-23
CA2079256C (en) 2004-04-06

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