JP3476259B2 - Sea-island fiber spinneret - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a spinning process for obtaining sea-island fibers comprising a plurality of irregular cross-section fibers or ultrafine fibers and irregular cross-section fibers in a sea component. It relates to a cap device. 2. Description of the Related Art Sea-island fibers are conjugate fibers having several island components in a sea component. The sea components are melted and removed after spinning, or the sea-island fibers are loosened to remove the sea components and islands. Since an ultrafine fiber bundle of the component can be easily obtained, it is widely used as a filament or as a staple fiber of a nonwoven fabric or a woven fabric. For the sea component and the island component, polyester or polyamide, or liquid crystal polymer, PMMA, polypropylene, polyester or polystyrene including alkali-soluble, or a copolymer thereof, vinylidene fluoride,
Alternatively, a high molecular compound such as a copolymer thereof is used. Regarding spinnerets for spinning sea-island fibers, many proposals have hitherto been made. As one of the proposals, for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 61-15163 discloses a spinneret in which a plurality of composite streams in which island components are covered with sea components are merged and spun from one fiber spinning hole. ing. In the device, the island component supplied from above the island forming die plate is discharged from an island component introduction pipe provided in the island forming nozzle inserted halfway into the nozzle hole of the sea forming nozzle, After being coated with the sea component in the sea forming nozzle hole, it is discharged as a plurality of composite flows into the lower collecting cell, where they are merged and integrated and spun from the spinning hole. The sea portion of the sea-island fiber thus obtained is dissolved and removed to obtain an ultrafine fiber. [0004] However, the fibers produced by using such a spinning apparatus have a uniform fineness as a whole, or have a somewhat denier fiber between a central fiber and a peripheral fiber. To varying degrees, its cross-section was simple, from polygonal to circular. On the other hand, ultrafine fibers have no stiffness when used alone and are suitable for wiping eyeglasses and the like. However, when they are used as woven fabrics for clothing, they are generally mixed with fibers of 2 denier or more. As described above, the spinneret for sea-island fibers that has been conventionally used can obtain an ultrafine fiber alone, but has to be mixed with other fibers in a later step. Further, in the spinneret having the above-mentioned structure, it was not possible to simultaneously obtain fibers having an irregular cross section. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve such a conventional problem. That is, even if the cross section of an island forming nozzle hole is a simple circular shape, a sea island mixed with island components having an irregular cross section is provided. It is an object of the present invention to provide a spinneret capable of simultaneously spinning fibers. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to provide a spinneret device comprising one or more island forming nozzles, a sea forming nozzle, and an assembly cell which are sequentially superimposed from above. Wherein the island forming nozzle has a plurality of island forming nozzle holes, and the sea forming nozzle has a sea forming nozzle hole formed opposite to the island forming nozzle hole. A part of the nozzle hole for sea formation and a part of the nozzle hole for sea formation are in close contact with each other and communicate with each other, and the remaining part of the nozzle hole for island formation and the remaining part of the nozzle hole for sea formation are spaced apart from each other. This is achieved by a sea-island fiber spinneret. Then, two or more sets of the nozzles that are in close contact with each other are arranged adjacent to each other. In addition, two or more adjacent
Nozzles are discharged from those nozzles
The island components are arranged so as to fuse after ejection. The spinneret of the present invention is provided with one or more spinning units in the spinning unit of the spinning device, and the number of the spinnerets is usually plural. In addition to the spinneret, the sea component and the island component are stored and melted in the spinning device, and a melt extruder and a metering pump are supplied to the spinneret, and the melted sea-island fibers spouted from the spinneret are cooled and solidified. And a winding machine for winding the solidified sea-island fibers at a constant speed. First, the island component is melted by the island component melt extruder, and is uniformly supplied to the flow path of the island forming nozzle of the spinneret by the metering pump. When the supply amount reaches the vicinity of the introduction part of the nozzle hole and the supply further proceeds, the uniform back pressure acts when the molten island component passes through the gap between the introduction part upper surface of each nozzle hole and the distribution plate, and It is evenly distributed and supplied to the nozzle holes. In synchronization with this, the sea component is melted by the sea component melt extruder and supplied to the flow path of the sea component forming nozzle by the metering pump in the same manner as the island component. When the sea component passes through the space between the upper surface of the introduction portion of the plurality of sea forming nozzle holes and the island component forming nozzle, a uniform back pressure acts, and a predetermined amount is distributed to each nozzle hole and supplied. Is done. The island component that has passed through the island forming nozzle is covered with the sea component at an interval formed between the island forming nozzle and the sea forming nozzle. In a portion where the upper surface and the upper surface of the nozzle hole of the sea forming nozzle are in close contact with each other and communicate with each other, the state is such that the sea component is not supplied into the sea forming nozzle hole. When two or more nozzle hole sets in which the nozzle holes are brought into close contact with each other are adjacent to each other, it is possible to omit the flow path of the sea component between the nozzle hole sets. The island component covered with the sea component passing through the sea component forming nozzle hole and the island component not covered with the sea component are simultaneously supplied to the funnel portion in the lower collecting cell, where they are adjacent to each other. It merges with other component streams and fuses and integrates them, and even when adjacent uncoated island components of sea components are fused together, they form one island. At this time,
It is also possible to join the island forming nozzle holes which are in close contact with each other in the sea forming nozzle. In addition, the lower surface of the sea-forming nozzle hole which is in close contact may be funneled to facilitate fusion of island components. Thereafter, the sea-island fiber is spun from the sea-island fiber spinning hole at the tip of the funnel, but when a plurality of nozzle hole sets that are in close contact with each other are arranged adjacently,
The cross-sectional shape of the obtained island approximates to the shape formed by the outer tangent of each nozzle hole, and is simultaneously spun out as an island covered with a sea component. A plurality of molten sea-island fibers spun from these spinnerets are cooled and solidified by a quenching section.
It is wound at a constant speed on a winder. Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section of a spinneret for sea-island fibers according to one embodiment of the present invention, in which nine sets of nozzle holes which are in close contact with each other are arranged in a cross shape, and a nozzle for forming a sea is formed around the set. There is a structure in which 16 sets of nozzle holes having a predetermined interval are arranged between the nozzle holes and the island forming nozzles. In FIG. 1, 1 is a distribution plate, 2 is an island forming nozzle, 3 is a sea forming nozzle, and 4 is an assembly cell. The island forming nozzle 2 and the sea forming nozzle 3 are respectively formed with flow paths 8 and 9 of the respective components, and the upper surface of the island forming nozzle 2 and the sea forming nozzle between the flow paths. Each of the protrusions 2a, 3a is formed on a part of the upper surface of the upper surface 3 so as to face the same perpendicular line. The arrangement of the nozzle holes 5 and 6 may be random, but when arranged in a symmetrical shape such as a circumferential shape, a regular hexagonal shape, or a square shape, a higher quality product can be obtained. Further, the projecting portions 2a, 3a may be formed so as to project from the lower surface of the distribution plate 1 and the lower surface of the island forming nozzle 2, respectively. An island forming nozzle hole 5 is formed vertically through the center of the projecting portion 2a of the island forming nozzle 2 and a sea forming nozzle is formed at the center of the projecting portion 3a of the sea forming nozzle 3. The hole 6 is formed penetrating in the vertical direction. The collecting cell 4 disposed below the sea forming nozzle 3 has a lower spinning port 7 for collecting and integrating a plurality of sea component coating strips discharged from the sea forming nozzle 6. A plurality of funnel-shaped composite portions 12 having a shape narrowing toward the bottom are formed. A distribution plate 1 is provided above the island forming nozzles 2 with a predetermined interval 10 therebetween. When the island component is extruded and supplied from a not-shown island component melt extruder to the flow path 8 of the island forming nozzle 2 from the metering pump, the same is first uniformly filled into the flow path 8 and reaches above the protrusion 2a. Then, it is supplied to the island forming nozzle holes 5 through the gap 10. The flow pressure at the time of supply to the nozzle hole 5 is controlled by the supply pressure from the metering pump. Further, since the back pressure acts on the island components due to the interval 10 and the fluid pressure is also constant, a constant flow rate of the island components is uniformly introduced into any of the island forming nozzle holes 5. The sea forming nozzle 3 is the same as the island forming nozzle 2
The configuration is substantially the same as that described above.
Is provided immediately below the island forming nozzle 2 in correspondence with the island forming nozzle hole 5, and a predetermined distance is provided between the lower surface of the island forming nozzle 2 and the upper surface of the projecting portion 3 a of the sea forming nozzle 3. Interval 1
1 are formed, but there is no space between the lower surface of the island forming nozzle 2 and the upper surface of the protrusion 3a of the sea forming nozzle 3, which is a feature of the present invention, that is, they are in close contact with each other. Nine nozzle hole sets 13 are provided at nine locations on the cross, and 16 sea forming nozzle holes 6 having a predetermined interval 11 are provided therearound. The sea forming nozzle hole 6 may be simply cylindrical as shown in the figure, but is formed as a tapered hole that spreads downward in order to reduce the interval between adjacent sea forming nozzle holes 6. Is preferred. In the case of forming a tapered hole, the opening angle is preferably set to 150 ° or less. More preferably, the opening angle is set to 60 ° or less. This is because the merging of the sea component and the island component is performed without significant deformation, and a predetermined cross-sectional shape is easily reproduced. Therefore, it is more preferable that only the lower surface of the nozzle hole 13 that is in close contact is a tapered hole. The collecting cell 4 is arranged in close contact with the lower surface of the sea component nozzle 3. The sea component coating strips discharged from the plurality of sea component nozzle holes 6 join at the funnel-shaped gathering part 12 of the collecting cell 4 and are fused and integrated to form the funnel-shaped gathering part 12.
From the sea-island fiber spinning outlet 7 at the lower end of the fiber. It is desirable that the funnel-shaped gathering portion 12 first has a funnel-shaped tapered surface 12b whose cross-sectional shape gradually decreases after passing through a vertical surface 12a in which the cross-sectional shape does not change. If there is no 12a in which the cross-sectional shape does not change, the cross-sectional shape of the island component located on the outer peripheral portion of the obtained sea-island fiber is easily deformed. In addition, the upper surface opening of the funnel-shaped gathering portion 12 is larger than the outer tangent to the hole 6 arranged at the outermost peripheral portion of the plurality of sea forming nozzle holes 6,
The cross-sectional shape is preferably similar to the shape connecting the external tangents. It is also desirable that the cross-sectional shape of the sea-island fiber spinning outlet 7 is similarly similar, but the upper surface opening of the funnel-shaped gathering portion 12 and the sea-island fiber spinning outlet 7 are located at the outermost peripheral portions of the plurality of sea forming nozzle holes 6. A circular cross section may be used regardless of the shape of the external tangent connecting the holes 6 to be formed. Japanese Patent Publication No. 47-5201 discloses that in order to prevent such island components located at the outermost periphery from fusing together when spinning such island-in-the-sea fibers for a long time, at least one of the sea components of the composite stream is used. A method has been proposed in which the wall thickness on the outer circumferential side is made larger than the wall thickness of the sea component of the composite stream disposed inside, but in the case of the present invention, such an operation is not required at all. However, in order to more stably maintain the shape of the island component located at the outermost periphery, a sea component or a component other than the sea component is used as a protective layer between the sea forming nozzle 3 and the collecting cell 4 to form the sea-island fiber. The outer periphery may be covered. The cross-sectional shapes of the island-forming nozzle holes 5 and the sea-forming nozzle holes 6 can be of various shapes so that the flow pressure of each component is not affected by the nozzle holes 5 and 6. The cross-sectional shape of each of the nozzle holes 5, 6 and the sea-island fiber spinning outlet 7 is selected according to a desired cross-sectional shape of the sea-island fiber. FIG. 2 shows an example of the cross-sectional shape of the sea-island fiber obtained by using the spinneret of the present invention. In the figure, (a) is a cross-sectional view of the fiber obtained by using the die device as shown in FIG. It is a sea-island fiber having a cross-shaped island and 16 circular islands around it. Similarly, when the nozzle holes 13 in close contact are spirally arranged, a sea-island fiber having a plurality of circular islands and a band-like island spirally wrapping them as shown in FIG. 2B is obtained . Further, the single islands forming nozzle 2 when the island component is a one component, although the sea-island fibers having a cross section as shown in FIG. 2 (a) and (b) can be spun, in FIG. 2
When the number of island components is two or more as shown in FIG. 4C, the number of island forming nozzles corresponding to the number of the island components is set between the island forming nozzle 2 and the sea forming nozzle 3 of the above embodiment. Can be inserted and handled. Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to spinning examples. "Spinning Example 1" Island component: polyester (containing 0.5% of titanium oxide) Temperature: 295 ° C Shear rate: apparent viscosity 2.2 × 10 at 10 ³ sec ^-1
3 poise Apparent viscosity at 10 ² sec ^-1 5.9 × 10 ³ poise Sea component: Polystyrene Humidity: 295 ° C. Shear rate: Apparent viscosity 0.9 × 10 at 10 ³ sec ^-1
3 poise Apparent viscosity at 10 ² sec ^-1 1.7 × 10 ³ poise Spinning conditions; Number of nozzle holes for each nozzle of the spinneret 1220 spinneret of the assembly cell of the spinneret Diameter 0.3 mmφ, 20-hole nozzle Holes 25 × 20 holes Arrangement of nozzles in close contact Radial spinning temperature 295 ° C. Discharge rate Spinning was performed under the conditions of an island component of 8 g / min, a sea component of 22 g / min and a winding speed of 800 m / min or more. The resulting fiber had 20 filaments and one filament had 17 denier. The cross section of the fiber had a cross-shaped island component and 12 substantially circular island components in the sea component. In addition, the composite yarn spun in this manner is used in 2.
When the drawn yarn was dipped in trichlorstyrene and the polystyrene was dissolved and removed, a 2-denier cross-section yarn and a 0.08-denier ultrafine yarn were continuously obtained. When the drawn yarn was processed into a fabric and the polystyrene was melted, a fabric having a strength of 2 denier and a touch feeling of 0.08 denier was obtained. "Spinning Example 2" Island component: polyester (containing 0.5% of titanium oxide) Temperature: 295 ° C Shear rate: Apparent viscosity 2.2 × 10 ^{3 at} 10 ³ sec ^-1
3 poise Apparent viscosity at 10 ² sec ⁻¹ 5.9 × 10 ³ poise Sea component; polystyrene humidity: 295 ° C. Shear rate: apparent viscosity at 10 ³ sec ⁻¹ 0.9 × 10 3
³ poise Apparent viscosity at 10 ² sec ^-1 1.7 × 10 ³ poise Spinning conditions: Number of nozzle holes of each nozzle of the spinneret 760, spinning port diameter of the assembly cell of the spinneret 0.3 mmφ, 20 holes closely adhered Nozzle hole 15 × 20 holes Arrangement of nozzle holes closely contacted Spiral spinning temperature 295 ° C. Discharge rate 8 g / min of island component, 22 g / min of sea component Winding speed 1500 m / min The spinning was carried out. The fibers obtained were 20 filaments and one filament was 9 denier. The cross-section of the fiber had a spiral island component and 15 substantially circular island components in the sea component. After stretching the spun yarn thus obtained by 2.5 times, the drawn yarn is immersed in trichlorstyrene and the polystyrene is dissolved and removed, and a 1-day spiral cross-section yarn and a 0.07-denier ultrafine yarn are formed. Obtained continuously. When the drawn yarn was processed into a fabric and the polystyrene was released from melting, a fabric having a strength of 1 denier, a touch feeling of 0.07 days, and a higher hygroscopic property due to the spiral islands was obtained. The spinneret device according to the present invention is provided with
It is possible to flow the island material in a reverse direction, and it is also possible to apply the melted material other than the melt spinning to wet / dry spinning. As is apparent from the above description, the spinneret according to the present invention spins, for example, using an easily soluble polymer as a sea component and then dissolves and removes the sea component to form an island. In obtaining a fine fiber yarn comprising the components, a mixed fiber yarn in which a thick denier fiber yarn and a fine denier fiber yarn are mixed in the same fine fiber yarn can be spun at the same time. After obtaining the fine fiber yarn from the above, there is no need to mix another thick denier fiber yarn, so that the number of steps can be reduced and efficient production can be achieved. Moreover, according to the present invention, the cross-sectional shape of the thick denier fiber yarn is not uniform, and various irregular cross-sections can be created.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a spinneret device showing a typical embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing various cross-sectional examples of sea-island fibers spun using the spinneret of the present invention. [Description of Signs] 1 Distribution plate 2 Island forming nozzle 2a Projecting portion 3 Sea forming nozzle 3a Projecting portion 4 Assembly cell 5 Island forming nozzle hole 6 Sea forming nozzle hole 7 Spinning outlet 8 Island component channel 9 Sea component Channel 10 Island-forming gap 11 Sea-component gap 12 Funnel-shaped gathering portion 12a Vertical surface 12b Tapered surface 13 Close-contact nozzle hole set A Island component B Sea component C Second island component

────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Yuichi Fukui 4-1, Ushikawa-dori, Toyohashi-shi, Aichi Prefecture Inside the Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd. Toyohashi Office (56) References JP-A-58-144146 (JP, A) JP 473842 (JP, B1) JP 44-18369 (JP, B1) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) D01D 1/00-13/02

Claims (1)

(1) In a spinneret device in which one or more island forming nozzles, sea forming nozzles, and collecting cells are sequentially stacked from above, a plurality of island forming nozzles are provided. The island forming nozzle hole, the sea forming nozzle has a sea forming nozzle hole formed opposite to the island forming nozzle hole, a part of the island forming nozzle hole and the communicating in close contact with each other in some sea-forming nozzle holes, the remainder of the balance and the sea-forming nozzle hole of the island-forming nozzle holes Ri Na disposed apart from each other, adjacent the two or more sets Said close contact with each other
The communicating island-forming nozzle holes and sea-forming nozzle holes are
The island components discharged from these nozzle holes are fused together.
Spinneret device island fibers arranged is characterized by Rukoto such in the.