JP2590083Y2 - Spinneret for multilayer composite fiber - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a spinneret for melt-spinning a multi-layered conjugate fiber in which different polymers are arranged in a multi-layer, which are liable to be fibrillated into ultrafine fibers.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Ultrafine fibers having a diameter of less than 10 microns used as a base material of a nonwoven fabric for clothing are obtained by spinning a sheath-multifilament conjugate fiber having a normal thickness and then dissolving and removing a sheath portion. It is obtained by a method of exposing the core component by mechanically breaking the sheath. Spinnerets used to produce sheath-multifilament type composite fibers are disclosed in JP-B-44-13208, JP-B-44-18369, JP-B-46-3820, and JP-B-46-2.
It is disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent No. 5528. These have a structure in which at least two types of spinning liquids are laminated, or a composite flow is formed by a coating composite or translational discharge mechanism, and a plurality of the spinning liquids are combined and spun. Further, Japanese Utility Model Publication No. Sho 44-2166 discloses a structure in which the above-mentioned combined streams are once merged in a space, divided into two or more streams again, recombined by the same discharge mechanism as described above, and spun. A spinneret is disclosed.

In the case of using these spinnerets, since the spinning solution is often compounded, the apparatus becomes complicated and the equipment cost becomes high. Further, there is a drawback that a stagnant portion is easily formed before and after the combination of two or more spinning solutions, and the stagnant portion is deteriorated by mixing, reaction, decomposition and the like of the spinning solution, and it is difficult to obtain a high quality yarn.

[0004] Further, in the process of obtaining ultrafine fibers from the obtained sheath-multifilament type composite fiber, the process of dissolving the sheath component is complicated, and the sheath portion is lost and a large amount is required. Solvents and chemicals are required, which increases production costs. Also, in the method of mechanically peeling the sheath from the core, a considerable force is required to peel the sheath, and not only has the drawback that not only the sheath but also the core is broken, and the fiber surface is peeled. Even if it can be performed, it is difficult to peel it smoothly inside, and it has a drawback that it is difficult to obtain ultrafine fibers.

Further, Japanese Patent Publication No. 52-25451 discloses a dispenser having a plurality of spinning holes provided with a plurality of one-component liquid guide holes each having a narrowed portion at the tip for each spinning hole. A spinneret in which a plate is arranged and a supply source of another component liquid and a spinning hole are communicated is disclosed. However, in order to open a plurality of guide holes for one spinning hole, the guide holes are connected. In order to avoid this, it is necessary to increase the gap between the spinning holes, and in order to make the spinning holes per unit area porous, the structure of the die is also complicated. For this reason, the number of layers was limited and productivity was poor.

Further, Japanese Patent Publication No. 60-28921 discloses a spinneret for efficiently producing ultrafine fibers. In this spinneret, after a two-component polymer is combined,
There is a drawback that two components are mixed due to being directly guided to the ejection holes, or the divided one-sided components are connected to each other, and the splitting is not sufficiently performed depending on the splitting method.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention solves the above-mentioned drawbacks of the conventional composite spinneret, and enables efficient production of ultrafine fibers which can be easily fibrillated in a later step. The technical task is to provide a base.

[0008]

Means for Solving the Problems The present inventors have intensively studied to solve the above-mentioned problems, and as a result, have arrived at the present invention. That is, the present invention provides two different spinning component liquids A,
A spinneret for composite spinning B in a multilayer form, comprising a lower die plate having a discharge guide hole for the B component in the upper part and a spinning hole composed of a composite flow guide hole and a discharge hole in the lower part; It consists of a bottomed capillary for the A component and an upper base plate provided with a guide hole for the B component with respect to the hole, and the capillary is closely inserted into the inner wall of the discharge guide hole for the other B component that is a composite flow, A notch serving as a passage for supplying the B component is provided on the outer periphery of the capillary, and a capillary discharge hole for supplying the A component from the capillary to the guide hole side is provided between the notches for supplying the B component. A cap provided with a flat passage through which the notch and the component from the capillary merge between the tip of the capillary and the discharge hole of the composite flow, and the length L (mm) of the flat passage of the capillary and the capillary Outside Relationship diameter Y of guide bore of X and the lower die plate in which the gist of the multilayer composite fiber spinneret for which satisfies the following formula. 0 <L <1 X ≧ 2Y

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing one embodiment of the spinneret of the present invention (capillary is not cut), and FIG. 2 is A in FIG.
FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line B1-B2 of FIG. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing one embodiment of a conjugate fiber obtained by using the spinneret of FIG. Reference numeral 1 denotes a lower base plate provided with a discharge guide hole 6 for a B component at an upper portion, and a lower portion of the discharge guide hole 6 is a guide hole 2 having a distal end serving as a discharge hole 3 of a composite flow. Reference numeral 4 denotes an upper base plate having a bottomed capillary 5 having a capillary guide hole 8 for A component and a capillary discharge hole 9, and a guide hole 11 communicating with the discharge guide hole 6 through a gap 12. The capillary 5 is closely inserted into the inner wall of the discharge guide hole 6 for the B component of the lower die plate 1. As shown in FIG. 2, notches 7 serving as passages for supplying the B component are provided in the outer peripheral portion of the capillary 5, and the same number of the notches 7 as the number of the B components are provided.

The number of the notches 7 is preferably 4 to 12 in practical use, and the cross-sectional shape of the notches 7 may be any of a triangle, a quadrangle, and a semicircle, and is not particularly limited.

As shown in FIG. 3, a capillary discharge hole 9 is provided between the notches 7 at the tip of a capillary guide hole 8 for the A component provided at the center of the capillary 5. . Capillary discharge hole 9 has a diameter of 0.15 to
A 0.4 mm cylindrical type is preferred. A flat passage 10 is provided between the end of the capillary 5 and the guide hole 2 of the lower die plate 1 to allow the components flowing from the notch 7 and the capillary discharge hole 9 to merge.

The length L of the flat passage 10, ie, the lower base plate 1
The gap between the upper part of the guide hole 2 and the tip of the capillary 5 is 1
mm, and preferably 0.3 to 0.8 mm in order for the composite flow to flow through the guide hole 2 well. If the length L is 1 mm or more, the B component covers the A component, and the yarn is not preferable because the yarn is poorly divided in the post-processing.

The capillary 5 has a length from the upper die plate to the tip of 5 to 30 mm, an outer diameter of 2.5 to 5 mm, and an inner diameter of 1 to 5.
A 3 mm one is commonly used.

The relationship between the outer diameter X of the capillary 5 and the inner diameter Y of the guide hole 2 of the lower metal plate 1 needs to be X ≧ 2Y.
If the outer diameter X of the capillary 5 is less than twice the inner diameter Y of the guide hole 2, the B component will cover the A component, resulting in a yarn having poor post-processing dividability, which is not preferable.

When spinning a conjugate fiber using the multi-layer conjugate fiber spinneret of the present invention, the A component is first introduced from the upper end of the bottomed capillary 5. The introduced A component passes through the capillary guide hole 8, passes from the tip of the capillary guide hole 8, passes through the capillary discharge hole 9, and is quantitatively and uniformly distributed to the planar passage 10. On the other hand, the B component is introduced into the discharge guide hole 6 from the guide hole 11 of the upper die plate 4 and the gap 12 communicating therewith. The introduced B component is quantitatively and uniformly distributed to the planar passage 10 by the notch 7 of the capillary 5. The composite flow in which the A and B components are alternately arranged passes through the plane passage 10 and is extruded through the guide hole 2 and the discharge hole 3 of the composite flow, and is a multilayer composite having a cross section as shown in FIG. Fiber is obtained.

The components A and B are not particularly limited, but they are easily fibrillated in a subsequent step.
It is preferable to use a combination of polymers that are not compatible with each other.

In the present invention, the discharge hole 3 of the lower die plate 1 can be not only circular but also slit-shaped, and a hollow multilayer composite fiber can be obtained.

In the present invention, as described above, the capillary discharge hole 9 is provided between the notch 7 and the notch 7, and the length at which the two kinds of components from the notch 7 and the capillary 5 merge is less than 1 mm. And the outer diameter X of the capillary 5 is set to be at least twice as large as the diameter Y of the guide hole 2 of the composite flow.
Flows without mixing the two components, so that a multi-layered conjugate fiber having excellent uniformity can be obtained.

[0019]

Next, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to embodiments.

Example 1 Each of 62,5 on a circumference of a base plate having a diameter of 100, 90, 80 mm.
6, 50 spinning holes were provided. Capillary dimensions are outer diameter
The length L was 3.5 mm, the length was 20 mm, and the length L between the tip of the capillary and the plane passage of the lower base plate was 0.5 mm. On the outer periphery of the capillary, triangular notches having a width of 0.5 mm, a depth of 0.25 mm, and a length of 6 mm from the tip were provided at eight positions.
The capillary guide hole was 2.5 mm in diameter, the capillary discharge hole was 0.25 mm in diameter, and the guide hole for the composite flow of the lower base plate was 1.5 mm in diameter and the discharge hole was 0.5 mm in diameter.

The A component is a nylon resin A1030 manufactured by Unitika.
The BRF has a limiting viscosity (measured at 20 ° C. using an equal weight mixed solvent of phenol and ethane tetrachloride) of the B component.
Using polyethylene terephthalate No. 67, both components were melt-weighed and supplied to a melt spinning apparatus equipped with the above spinneret. A and B components are spun at 56 g / min for each component.
After cooling and solidifying, it was wound up at a speed of 1000 m / min. The ejection state is good and has a cross section with excellent uniformity as shown in FIG.
A multilayer composite fiber was obtained.

The obtained undrawn yarn is bundled, and drawn at a drawing temperature of 70%.
The film was drawn at 2.9 ° C. and a draw ratio of 2.9 to obtain a yarn bundle of 100,000 denier. The yarn bundle was crimped, dried, and cut into short fibers of 2.5 denier and 51 mm. In order to produce a non-woven fabric using these short fibers, open with a roller card and apply
A 60 g / m ² web was formed. Next, the web is supplied on a net conveyor, and the pressure is reduced to 10 by a high-pressure liquid injection device.
Water of 0 kg / cm ² was injected to perform splitting and entanglement. The obtained nonwoven fabric had a soft touch. When the surface was observed with a scanning electron microscope, finely divided ultrafine fibers were observed.

[0023]

[Effects of the Invention] The present invention is a spinneret for a multi-layered conjugate fiber which can be made porous with a simple structure. By using this spinneret, the uniformity is excellent, and it can be easily fibrillated into ultrafine fibers. It is possible to easily obtain a multilayer composite fiber with high productivity.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view (without cutting a capillary) of an embodiment of the spinneret for a multilayer composite fiber of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line A1-A2 of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line B1-B2 in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing one embodiment of a multilayer composite fiber obtained by using the spinneret for a multilayer composite fiber of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Lower base plate 2 Guide hole 3 Discharge hole 4 Upper base plate 5 Capillary 6 Discharge guide hole 7 Notch 8 Capillary guide hole 9 Capillary discharge hole 10 Flat passage 11 Guide hole 12 Gap

Claims (1)

(57) [Scope of request for utility model registration] 1. A spinneret for composite spinning two different spinning component liquids A and B in a multilayer form, having a discharge guide hole for a B component at an upper portion, and a guide hole for a composite flow at a lower portion and discharging. A lower die plate having a spinning hole made up of holes, and an upper die plate provided with a bottomed capillary for the A component and a guide hole for the B component with respect to the spinning hole. A notch that is closely inserted into the inner wall of the discharge guide hole for the B component is provided on the outer periphery of the capillary as a passage for supplying the B component, and a capillary discharge hole for supplying the A component from the capillary to the guide hole side is further provided. A base provided between the notch for supplying the B component and the notch, and provided with a plane passage through which the notch and the component from the capillary merge between the tip of the capillary and the discharge hole of the composite flow; and ,
A spinneret for a multilayer composite fiber, wherein the relationship between the length L (mm) of the planar passage of the capillary, the outer diameter X of the capillary, and the diameter Y of the guide hole of the lower die plate satisfies the following expression. 0 <L <1 X ≧ 2Y