JP3474762B2 - Resin duct - Google Patents
Resin ductInfo
- Publication number
- JP3474762B2 JP3474762B2 JP05139798A JP5139798A JP3474762B2 JP 3474762 B2 JP3474762 B2 JP 3474762B2 JP 05139798 A JP05139798 A JP 05139798A JP 5139798 A JP5139798 A JP 5139798A JP 3474762 B2 JP3474762 B2 JP 3474762B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- duct
- tpo
- undercut
- resin
- bellows portion
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、樹脂製ダクト、例
えば自動車エンジンの吸気系ダクトとしてエアクリーナ
からエアをエンジンに送気するエアダクトとして用いら
れ、その長さ方向の一部にアンダーカット部例えば蛇腹
部を設けて屈曲性を良好にした樹脂製ダクトに関するも
のである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention is used as an air duct for sending air from an air cleaner to an engine as a duct made of resin, for example, as an intake system duct of an automobile engine, and an undercut portion such as a bellows is formed in a part of its length direction. The present invention relates to a resin duct in which a portion is provided to improve flexibility.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来、前記の吸気系ダクトとして、可撓
性および中空形状を保持できる機械的強度を要求される
関係上、加硫ゴム材料よりなる射出成形品であるゴム製
ダクトが用いられている。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a rubber duct, which is an injection molded product made of a vulcanized rubber material, has been used as the intake duct because of its required mechanical strength to maintain its flexibility and hollow shape. ing.
【０００３】しかしながら、ゴム製のダクトは樹脂製ダ
クトに比べて重量が重く、自動車軽量化の要請を満足さ
せることができず、組立作業時などにおける取扱いが不
便であるほか、近年資源の有効活用が重要視される状況
の下、ゴム材料はリサイクルが不可能という問題があ
る。However, since the rubber duct is heavier than the resin duct, it cannot satisfy the demand for weight reduction of automobiles, it is inconvenient to handle during assembly work, and in recent years, effective use of resources is promoted. However, there is a problem that rubber materials cannot be recycled.
【０００４】すなわち、ゴムの射出成形時に製品ととも
に生じるバリ、ランナー部分、スプルー部分は全く再利
用できず、さらに、使用後の製品も、産業廃棄物として
処理されるのみで再利用されていないのが実状である。That is, burrs, runners, and sprue parts produced along with products during rubber injection molding cannot be reused at all, and the products after use are only treated as industrial waste and not reused. Is the actual situation.
【０００５】他方、前記のエアダクトとして樹脂製ダク
トが使用されている例もあるが、これはブロー成形法に
より成形されたダクトで、その内面寸法精度が劣り、他
物と嵌合接続を行ううえで気密性を確保しにくいため、
ブロー成形した後に、ダクトの端部内面を研磨加工する
等の二次加工により内面寸法精度を向上させる必要があ
った。On the other hand, there is an example in which a resin duct is used as the above-mentioned air duct, but this is a duct formed by a blow molding method, and its inner surface dimensional accuracy is poor, and it is necessary to make a fitting connection with another object. Since it is difficult to secure airtightness with
After the blow molding, it was necessary to improve the inner surface dimensional accuracy by secondary processing such as polishing the inner surface of the end of the duct.
【０００６】[0006]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明は、上記の問題
点に鑑み、従来の加硫ゴムに代わって、軽量でリサイク
ルが可能でかつ加硫ゴムに類似した可撓性や強度などの
特性を有するとともに、高い内面寸法精度を成形と同時
に達成できる樹脂製ダクトを提供することを課題とす
る。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above problems, the present invention, in place of conventional vulcanized rubber, is lightweight, recyclable, and has characteristics similar to vulcanized rubber such as flexibility and strength. It is an object of the present invention to provide a resin duct that has the above-mentioned characteristics and can achieve high inner surface dimensional accuracy simultaneously with molding.
【０００７】[0007]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、上記課題を解
決するため、下記のように構成したものである。In order to solve the above problems, the present invention has the following structure.
【０００８】（１）ダクト外面を形成するキャビティ型
とダクト内面を形成するコア型とで形成されるキャビテ
ィにポリオレフィン系熱可塑性エラストマー（以下「Ｔ
ＰＯ」という）を射出成形して一体に屈曲した形状に形
成され、かつ長さ方向の一部にアンダーカット部を有す
るダクトであって、上記ＴＰＯの硬度がＨｓ（ＪＩＳ
Ａ）５０〜９５であり、かつ、射出成形後上記アンダー
カット部を拡径してコア型より引抜いて脱型するように
したことを特徴とする自動車のエアダクト。(1) A polyolefin-based thermoplastic elastomer (hereinafter referred to as "T") is provided in a cavity formed by a cavity mold forming an outer surface of the duct and a core mold forming an inner surface of the duct.
PO ”) is injection-molded into a shape that is integrally bent and has an undercut portion in a part in the length direction, and the hardness of the TPO is Hs (JIS.
A) is 50 to 95, and motor vehicle air duct, characterized in that so as to demolding by pulling out from the core mold and expanded the undercut portions after the injection molding.
【０００９】（２）ＴＰＯが、ハードセグメントとして
ポリプロピレン（ＰＰ）、ソフトセグメントとして部分
架橋または完全架橋されたエチレン−プロピレンゴム
（ＥＰＤＭ）を成分として有する前記（１）に記載の自
動車のエアダクト。[0009] (2) TPO is polypropylene (PP), partially crosslinked or fully crosslinked ethylene as a soft segment as a hard segment - its own according to the with propylene rubber (EPDM) as the component (1)
Moving car air duct.
【００１０】（３）アンダーカット部として蛇腹部が形
成され、この蛇腹部のピッチが６〜１６ｍｍ、山部内面
におけるホース内径Ｄ１／谷部内面におけるホース内径
Ｄ２が１．１〜１．５の範囲に形成された前記（１）ま
たは（２）に記載の自動車のエアダクト。(3) A bellows portion is formed as an undercut portion, the pitch of the bellows portion is 6 to 16 mm, and the inner diameter Dose of the hose inner surface D1 / the inner hose inner diameter D2 of the valley inner surface is 1.1 to 1.5. range which is formed in said (1) or car air duct according to (2).
【００１１】本発明においては、樹脂製ダクトをＴＰＯ
を材料として射出成形され、その硬度がＨＳ（ＪＩＳ
Ａ）５０〜９５であることを要件としている。ここに、
ＴＰＯとは、ハードセグメントが、ＰＰ、エチレン共重
合ＰＰ、ポリエチレン（ＰＥ）から選択される１種また
は２種以上の結晶性ポリマーからなり、ソフトセグメン
トが、二元共重合体系エチレンプロピレンゴム（ＥＰ
Ｍ）、非共役ジエン共重合体系エチレンプロピレンゴム
（ＥＰＤＭ）、ブチルゴム（ＩＩＲ）のうちから選択さ
れる１種または２種以上の非晶性ポリマーからなるもの
をいい、単純ブレンド型ＴＰＯ，インプラント化ＴＰＯ
および動的加硫型ＴＰＯのいずれをも含むものである。In the present invention, the resin duct is made of TPO.
Injection-molded with the hardness of H S (JIS
A) The requirement is 50 to 95. here,
TPO means that the hard segment is made of one or more crystalline polymers selected from PP, ethylene copolymerized PP and polyethylene (PE), and the soft segment is made of a binary copolymer ethylene propylene rubber (EP).
M), non-conjugated diene copolymer type ethylene propylene rubber (EPDM), butyl rubber (IIR), which is composed of one or more kinds of amorphous polymers, simple blend type TPO, implantable TPO
And dynamic vulcanization type TPO.
【００１２】ＴＰＯの成分であるハードセグメントとソ
フトセグメントの比率は、その硬度に対応させてＨ
Ｓ（ＪＩＳＡ）５０〜９５となるように、例えばハード
セグメント７０〜３０／ソフトセグメント３０〜７０の
範囲で選択される。ハードセグメントの比率が過多であ
ると、硬度が高くなりすぎ９５を超えて柔軟性を失いア
ンダーカット部の脱型が困難となり、他方、ソフトセグ
メントの比率が過多であると、硬度が低くなりすぎ５０
未満となりダクトの機械的強度等の物性が低下する。The ratio of the hard segment and the soft segment, which are the components of TPO, is H
S (JIS A) 50 to 95 is selected, for example, in the range of hard segment 70 to 30 / soft segment 30 to 70. If the ratio of the hard segment is too high, the hardness becomes too high and the flexibility is exceeded to over 95, making it difficult to remove the undercut part. On the other hand, if the ratio of the soft segment is too high, the hardness becomes too low. Fifty
If it is less than the above range, physical properties such as mechanical strength of the duct are deteriorated.
【００１３】本発明では、ＴＰＯが、ハードセグメント
としてＰＰ、ソフトセグメントとしてＥＰＤＭを成分と
して有し、かつ、ＥＰＤＭは混練時に有機過酸化物で部
分架橋または完全架橋させた動的加硫型のものを使用す
るのが好ましい。（請求項２）In the present invention, TPO has a hard segment of PP and a soft segment of EPDM as components, and EPDM is a dynamic vulcanization type partially or completely crosslinked with an organic peroxide during kneading. Is preferably used. (Claim 2)
【００１４】ソフトセグメントを部分架橋または完全架
橋した場合には、ダクトの耐油性、耐熱性、引張強度、
引き裂き強度等が、ソフトセグメントを架橋させない場
合に比較して、増大することによる。When the soft segment is partially crosslinked or completely crosslinked, the duct oil resistance, heat resistance, tensile strength,
This is because the tear strength and the like are increased as compared with the case where the soft segment is not crosslinked.
【００１５】本発明は、従来のゴムの射出成形にあたり
必要とした素練り工程、配合工程、混練工程および加硫
工程を省略でき、しかも熱可塑性エラストマー（ＴＰ
Ｅ）の中で、比重が最も軽く（約０．８８）かつ耐候
性、耐寒性等に優れるＴＰＯを射出成形して効率良く成
形できる。そして、成形された樹脂製ダクトは内面寸法
精度が優れるとともに、加硫ゴムに類似した可撓性と強
度を備えながら軽量でしかもリサイクルが可能である。The present invention can omit the masticating step, the compounding step, the kneading step and the vulcanizing step, which are required in the conventional injection molding of rubber, and the thermoplastic elastomer (TP
Among E), TPO having the lowest specific gravity (about 0.88) and excellent weather resistance and cold resistance can be injection molded efficiently. The molded resin duct has excellent inner surface dimensional accuracy, has flexibility and strength similar to vulcanized rubber, is lightweight, and is recyclable.
【００１６】また、本発明の樹脂製ダクトはアンダーカ
ット部の一例として蛇腹部を有するが、射出成形後、蛇
腹部を膨らませて拡径することによりコア型から引抜い
て脱型が可能であり、通常のアンダーカット部を有する
合成樹脂の射出成形品の成形に用いられるスライドピン
などの複雑な金型構造が全く不要である。Further, the resin duct of the present invention has a bellows portion as an example of the undercut portion. However, after injection molding, the bellows portion can be pulled out from the core mold and demolded by expanding and expanding the bellows portion, A complicated mold structure such as a slide pin used for molding a synthetic resin injection-molded product having a usual undercut portion is completely unnecessary.
【００１７】[0017]
【実施例】以下、本発明の実施例を図面に基づいて説明
する。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
【００１８】図１は、屈曲した形状に形成された樹脂製
ダクト１の一部切り欠き図で、図示しない自動車のエン
ジン本体とエアクリーナとを連結するエアダクトとして
使用され、その両端部６，６をエンジン本体またはエア
クリーナに締付具により接続固定し、エアクリーナを通
して取り入れられた外気をエンジン本体に供給する吸気
通路の一部を構成するものである。FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway view of a resin-made duct 1 formed in a bent shape. It is used as an air duct for connecting an engine body of an automobile (not shown) and an air cleaner, and its both ends 6, 6 are connected. It is connected to and fixed to the engine body or the air cleaner with a fastener, and constitutes a part of an intake passage for supplying the outside air taken in through the air cleaner to the engine body.
【００１９】樹脂製ダクト１は、ＴＰＯを成形材料とし
て射出成形して一体に形成されたもので、その長さ方向
中央部付近に大径の複数の山部３，３と小径の複数の谷
部４，４がダクト軸芯方向に沿って交互に形成されてな
る蛇腹部２が形成されている。なお、５，５はダクト１
の蛇腹部２以外の外周面に軸芯方向および円周方向に沿
って一体形成された補強リブである。The resin duct 1 is integrally formed by injection molding using TPO as a molding material, and has a plurality of large-diameter peaks 3 and 3 and a plurality of small-diameter valleys near the center in the length direction. A bellows portion 2 is formed in which the portions 4 and 4 are alternately formed along the axial direction of the duct. In addition, 5 and 5 are ducts 1
The reinforcing rib is integrally formed on the outer peripheral surface other than the bellows portion 2 along the axial direction and the circumferential direction.
【００２０】図２は、樹脂製ダクト１の成形過程の一部
を示すもので、ダクト外面形状を形成する上下一対の半
割のキャビティ型１１，１１とダクト内面形状を形成す
るコア型１２からなる射出成形型１０のキャビティにＴ
ＰＯを射出成形後、型開きし、コア型１２周囲に成形保
持されたダクト１をコア型１２から無理抜きにより脱型
して製品ダクトを得るものであるが、アンダーカットの
蛇腹部を図示しないエア注入具等により膨らませて径を
拡大させて無理抜きを行うようにしている。FIG. 2 shows a part of the molding process of the resin duct 1. From a pair of upper and lower cavity molds 11 forming the outer surface of the duct and a core mold 12 forming the inner surface of the duct. T in the cavity of the injection mold 10
After PO is injection-molded, the mold is opened, and the duct 1 molded and held around the core mold 12 is removed from the core mold 12 by forced removal to obtain a product duct, but an undercut bellows portion is not shown. It is designed to be inflated by inflating it with an air injection tool etc. to increase the diameter.
【００２１】本発明におけるダクト成形樹脂材料である
上記ＴＰＯは、通常、ＴＰＯに可塑剤、無機充填剤、着
色剤等の副資材を配合混練したものをぺレット状にして
調製される。The above-mentioned TPO, which is the duct molding resin material in the present invention, is usually prepared by mixing and kneading TPO with auxiliary materials such as a plasticizer, an inorganic filler, and a coloring agent to form a pellet.
【００２２】本発明の樹脂製ダクトは、上記のＴＰＯの
硬度ＨＳ（ＪＩＳＡ）が５０〜９５の範囲にあり、５０
より小さいとホースとしての機械的強度が不十分とな
り、９５より大きいと硬すぎてホースの無理抜き脱型が
困難になる。好ましい硬度は６０〜９０程度，より好ま
しくは６５〜８５程度が適当であり、このような硬度と
なるように、上記ＴＰＯおよびＴＰＯに配合混練する可
塑剤、充填剤、着色剤等の副資材の種類、量を選定す
る。The resin duct of the present invention has the hardness H S (JIS A) of the above TPO in the range of 50 to 95, and
If it is smaller than this, the mechanical strength of the hose becomes insufficient, and if it is larger than 95, it is too hard, and it becomes difficult to remove the hose by force. A suitable hardness is preferably about 60 to 90, more preferably about 65 to 85. Select the type and quantity.
【００２３】図３は本実施例におけるダクトの蛇腹部２
の形状を示す拡大図で、本実施例では、山部３，３間の
ピッチＰを１０ｍｍ，山部３内面におけるダクト内径Ｄ
１を６１．５ｍｍ，谷部４内面におけるダクト内径Ｄ２
を５５．０ｍｍにし、波高ｈを６．５ｍｍの寸法に形成
し、この蛇腹部２を一部に有するダクトをコア型から引
き抜いたところ、なんら支障なく脱型できることが確認
できた。なお、ダクトの肉厚ｄは０．５〜４．０ｍｍの
範囲に形成することが望ましい。FIG. 3 shows the bellows portion 2 of the duct in this embodiment.
In the present embodiment, the pitch P between the crests 3 and 3 is 10 mm, and the duct inner diameter D on the inner surface of the crest 3 is shown in FIG.
1 is 61.5 mm, the inner diameter of the duct is D2 on the inner surface of the valley portion 4.
Was set to 55.0 mm, the wave height h was set to 6.5 mm, and the duct partially including the bellows portion 2 was pulled out from the core mold, and it was confirmed that the mold could be released without any trouble. The duct wall thickness d is preferably formed in the range of 0.5 to 4.0 mm.
【００２４】コア型から脱型可能な蛇腹部の形状とし
て、ピッチＰを６〜１６ｍｍ、Ｄ１／Ｄ２を１．１〜
１．５の範囲に設定するのが好ましい。As the shape of the bellows part which can be removed from the core mold, the pitch P is 6 to 16 mm and D1 / D2 is 1.1 to.
It is preferable to set it in the range of 1.5.
【００２５】[0025]
【発明の効果】以上説明したように、本発明によれば、
蛇腹部等のアンダーカット部を有するダクトを一定範囲
の硬度を有するＴＰＯを成形材料として射出成形するの
で、軽量化とリサイクルを同時に実現でき、かつ、内面
の寸法精度も高いので、自動車の吸気系ダクト等の用途
に利用価値の大きいものである。As described above, according to the present invention,
Since a duct having an undercut portion such as a bellows portion is injection-molded using TPO having a certain range of hardness as a molding material, weight reduction and recycling can be realized at the same time, and the dimensional accuracy of the inner surface is also high. It has a great utility value for applications such as ducts.
【図１】本発明の樹脂製ダクトの一部切欠き側面図であ
る。FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway side view of a resin duct of the present invention.
【図２】本発明の樹脂製ダクトの成形過程を示す図であ
る。FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a molding process of the resin duct of the present invention.
【図３】図１のダクトの蛇腹部の拡大図である。FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a bellows portion of the duct of FIG.
１ 樹脂製ダクト ２ 蛇腹部 ３ 山部 ４ 谷部 ５ 補強リブ ６，６ 両端部 １０ 射出成形型 １１，１１ キャビティ型 １２ コア型 1 resin duct 2 bellows 3 Yamabe 4 Tanibe 5 Reinforcing ribs 6,6 both ends 10 Injection mold 11,11 cavity type 12 core type
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (51)Int.Cl.7 識別記号 ＦＩ Ｂ２９Ｌ 23:00 Ｂ２９Ｌ 23:00 (72)発明者 福田 国広 大阪府高槻市東上牧１丁目１番３号 タ イガースポリマー株式会社 大阪工場内 (56)参考文献 特開 平５−245889（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭61−262112（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平９−207158（ＪＰ，Ａ) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7，ＤＢ名) B29C 45/44 F02M 35/10 101 F16L 11/11 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. 7 Identification code FI B29L 23:00 B29L 23:00 (72) Inventor Kunihiro Fukuda 1-3-1 Higashikamimaki, Takatsuki City, Osaka Prefecture Tigers Polymer Co., Ltd. Osaka Plant (56) Reference JP-A-5-245889 (JP, A) JP-A-61-262112 (JP, A) JP-A-9-207158 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. 7 , DB name) B29C 45/44 F02M 35/10 101 F16L 11/11
Claims (3)
クト内面を形成するコア型とで形成されるキャビティに
ポリオレフィン系熱可塑性エラストマー（以下「ＴＰ
Ｏ」という）を射出成形して一体に屈曲した形状に形成
され、かつ長さ方向の一部にアンダーカット部を有する
ダクトであって、上記ＴＰＯの硬度がＨｓ（ＪＩＳＡ）
５０〜９５であり、かつ、射出成形後上記アンダーカッ
ト部を拡径してコア型より引抜いて脱型するようにした
ことを特徴とする自動車のエアダクト。1. A thermoplastic polyolefin-based elastomer (hereinafter referred to as "TP") is provided in a cavity formed by a cavity mold forming an outer surface of a duct and a core mold forming an inner surface of the duct.
O ”) is formed by injection molding into a integrally bent shape and has an undercut portion in a part in the length direction, and the hardness of the TPO is Hs (JISA).
And 50 to 95, and motor vehicle air duct, characterized in that so as to demolding by pulling out from the core mold and expanded the undercut portions after the injection molding.
プロピレン（ＰＰ）、ソフトセグメントとして部分架橋
または完全架橋されたエチレン−プロピレンゴム（ＥＰ
ＤＭ）を成分として有する請求項１に記載の自動車のエ
アダクト。2. An ethylene-propylene rubber (EP) in which TPO is polypropylene (PP) as a hard segment and partially or completely crosslinked as a soft segment.
The automobile engine according to claim 1, which contains DM) as a component.
A duct.
れ、この蛇腹部のピッチが６〜１６ｍｍ、山部内面にお
けるホース内径Ｄ１／谷部内面におけるホース内径Ｄ２
が１．１〜１．５の範囲に形成された請求項１または２
に記載の自動車のエアダクト。3. A bellows portion is formed as an undercut portion, and the pitch of the bellows portion is 6 to 16 mm, the inner diameter D2 of the hose inner surface D1 and the inner hose inner diameter D2 of the valley portion inner surface.
Is formed in the range of 1.1 to 1.5.
Automotive air duct described.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP05139798A JP3474762B2 (en) | 1998-02-17 | 1998-02-17 | Resin duct |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP05139798A JP3474762B2 (en) | 1998-02-17 | 1998-02-17 | Resin duct |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH11227012A JPH11227012A (en) | 1999-08-24 |
| JP3474762B2 true JP3474762B2 (en) | 2003-12-08 |
Family
ID=12885819
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP05139798A Expired - Fee Related JP3474762B2 (en) | 1998-02-17 | 1998-02-17 | Resin duct |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3474762B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20020061317A (en) * | 2001-01-16 | 2002-07-24 | 코리아에프티 주식회사 | Plastic turbo charged air duct parts composition and production method |
| JP3700617B2 (en) | 2001-07-04 | 2005-09-28 | 株式会社村田製作所 | Lens antenna |
| CN1835834A (en) * | 2003-08-19 | 2006-09-20 | 泰贺斯聚合物股份有限公司 | Method for forming duct made of elastomer |
| JP5210578B2 (en) * | 2007-09-12 | 2013-06-12 | 株式会社オンダ製作所 | Method for producing resin molded body having undercut portion |
| KR102177891B1 (en) * | 2019-07-04 | 2020-11-13 | 양칠남 | Apparatus with innjection mold for air intake hose |
| KR102134589B1 (en) * | 2019-07-04 | 2020-07-17 | 양칠남 | Appraratus with injection mold for air intake hose |
-
1998
- 1998-02-17 JP JP05139798A patent/JP3474762B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH11227012A (en) | 1999-08-24 |
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