JP3464307B2 - Interference check method in NC lathe - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an interference check method for checking interference between an operating part and a fixed part or an operating part and an operating part in an NC lathe.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art An NC (numerical control) lathe is designed to rotate a spindle according to a machining program and to move the spindle in a direction of a center line (Z).
Direction) and the movement of the tool post in the X and Y directions (two directions orthogonal to each other in the plane orthogonal to the Z direction),
It is a machine tool that performs machining such as cutting and drilling on a material (workpiece) held on a spindle by a tool (cutlery) attached to a tool post, and recently equipped with a computer C
NC lathes are becoming mainstream.

Further, the processing speed of such NC lathes has been increased, the efficiency of the processing process has been improved, the processing accuracy has been improved, and the functions have been expanded (general versatility), flexibility and safety have been improved. Measured and used in a wide range of component processing. Such NC lathes include a single spindle with only one main spindle for front face machining, two spindles with two spindles, multi-spindle with many spindles, etc. Some are equipped with a back spindle used for machining. In some cases, the back surface main axis can move not only in the axis center line direction (Z direction) but also in the X or Y direction orthogonal thereto. Further, the number of turrets to which tools are attached is increased, and various turrets for moving and fixing such as a movable turret, a fixed turret, a rotary tool turret and the like are provided.

Therefore, various operating parts (moving parts) and fixed parts or operating parts may interfere with each other during the operation of the NC lathe, thereby damaging the tool or making the work defective. Therefore, there is also a system in which interference between these operating unit and fixed unit or between operating units is checked, and an alarm is generated immediately before actual interference to stop the operation or to perform an interference avoiding operation.

[0005]

However, in the conventional NC lathe, only two-dimensional (plane) interference check was performed. Therefore, even if it can be seen that interference does not occur if it is checked in three dimensions (three-dimensional space), an alarm will be issued if it is determined that interference will occur in the plane interference check,
It was unable to operate, and it was avoiding unnecessary interference. Therefore, if there is no interference in three dimensions, it is forcibly operated without being subjected to the interference check, and there is a problem that interference may occur if there is a programming error.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and eliminates wasteful time for avoiding unnecessary interference and unnecessary space for avoiding interference, or interference check. The purpose of this is to prevent the risk of interference occurring by removing it from the target and forcing it to operate. If all the interference checks are performed in three dimensions, the calculation time for the interference check takes too long during the operation of the NC lathe, the real-time check cannot be performed, and the operation of the NC lathe is stopped. Since streaks may occur, it is also an objective to prevent such a thing from occurring.

[0007]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has the following steps: N
An interference check method for a C lathe is provided. (1) A working unit and a fixed unit and a combination of a working unit and a working unit or a working unit and a fixed unit or a motion for performing a two-dimensional interference check and a three-dimensional interference check on an NC device of an NC lathe. Department
A step of presetting the coordinate origin of each operation part and the relative positional relationship of each fixed part and each fixed part, (2) During operation of the NC lathe, one or more of the operation parts
Dimensional shape, a two-dimensional shape of a fixed part that may interfere with the moving part, a coordinate origin of each of the moving parts set in the NC device, and a relative positional relationship between the fixed parts, and each of the moving parts. Calculating a relative position in a two-dimensional plane for each of the above combinations from the current position of the part and performing a two-dimensional interference check,

[0008] (3) and the operation unit is judged to interfere with the interference check in the two-dimensional and the fixed portion and the operation portion and the combination or the operation portion of the operation portion and the fixed portion or the operation portion operation section
Among the combinations, the three-dimensional interference check combination set in the NC device may interfere with the three-dimensional shape of one or a plurality of operating parts and the operating parts during the operation of the NC lathe. The three-dimensional shape of the flexible fixed part,
Based on the relative position relationship between the coordinate origin of the moving part and the fixed part set in the NC device and the current position of each moving part, the relative position in the three-dimensional space is calculated and three-dimensionally calculated. (4) A combination of the operating part and the fixed part, and the operating part and the operating part which are determined to interfere with each other in the two-dimensional interference check.
Among the combination of the set or the operating part and the fixed part or the operating part and the operating part, the combination in which the two-dimensional interference check is set in the NC device and the operating part determined to interfere by the three-dimensional interference check A combination of a fixed part and a working part and a working part or a working part and a fixed part or a working part and a working part.
The O in combination, step of determining combination that interferes with,

[0009] The NC in the interference check method in a lathe, the NC device previously fixed portion and the operation portion for performing an interference check at the set 2D and operation portion and the operation portion of the combination or the operation portion and the fixed portion or the operation portion And working unit
And the operation part and the fixed part, and the combination of the operation part and the operation part or the operation part and the fixed part, which perform interference check in three dimensions.
It is advisable to provide a step of changing the division of the combination of the operating unit and the operating unit .

In the step of performing the above-mentioned two-dimensional interference check, the NC unit is set to perform a two-dimensional interference check and a three-dimensional interference check, and an operating unit, a fixed unit and a fixed unit.
And each combination of motion part and motion part or motion part and fixed part or
Regarding the combination of the operating part and the operating part, the braking time, which is the time required for stopping the operating part a fixed distance before the position where the operating part interferes with the fixed part or another operating part, is the current position of one or more operating parts. , A step of calculating and calculating during operation of the NC lathe from the operation direction, operation speed and acceleration, the two-dimensional shape of the one or more operation parts and the two-dimensional shape of the fixed part that may interfere with the operation part And the relative position relationship between the coordinate origin of the operating unit and the fixed unit set in the NC device, and the current position, operating direction, operating speed, and acceleration of the one or more operating units. For each combination, the step of calculating and obtaining the interference prediction time for predicting how many seconds the interference will occur, and when the braking time becomes equal to or larger than the interference prediction time To, may the combination is composed of a step of determining the interference.

Further, the step of performing an interference check at the three-dimensional, the operation portion fixing portion and the operation portion and the determined operation portion interferes in the interference check in the two-dimensional combination or the operating portion fixing portion or Working unit and working unit combination
Of cause, the operation portion interference check and the operation unit is set to the fixed portion and the operation portion and the respective combinations or operation part of the operation portion and the fixed portion or the operation portion in the three-dimensional to the NC device
For the combination , the braking time, which is the time required to stop at a certain distance from the position where the operating part interferes with the fixed part or another operating part, is the current position, operating direction, operating speed of one or more operating parts. And a step of calculating the acceleration during the operation of the NC lathe, the three-dimensional shape of the one or more operation parts and the three-dimensional shape of the fixed part that may interfere with the operation part, and the NC device. Interference that predicts how many seconds later the interference will occur based on the set relative position relationship between the coordinate origin of the operating unit and the fixed unit, and the current position, operating direction, operating speed, and acceleration of the one or more operating units. It comprises a step of calculating and obtaining an estimated time, and a step of determining that the combination interferes when the braking time becomes equal to the interference prediction time or becomes longer than the interference prediction time. When may.

[0012] Alternatively, the step of performing an interference check at the two-dimensional, and the fixed portion and the operation portion interference check and the operation unit is set to the interference check in three dimensions in two dimensions in the NC device operation Each combination or operation of parts
For a combination of a moving part and a fixed part or a moving part and a working part, the braking distance required to stop before the fixed distance from the position where the working part interferes with the fixed part or another working part is one or more. A step of calculating and calculating during operation of the NC lathe from the current position, operation direction, operation speed, and acceleration; and two-dimensional shapes of the above-mentioned one or more operation parts and a fixed part which may interfere with the operation part. From the three-dimensional shape, the relative position relationship between the coordinate origin of the operating unit and the fixed unit set in the NC device, and the current position, operating direction, operating speed, and acceleration of the one or more operating units, the setting is performed. For each of the combinations described, a step of calculating and obtaining an interference prediction distance that is an operation distance until interference, and a step of making the braking distance equal to the interference prediction distance or becoming larger than the interference prediction distance. And when, may be composed of a step of determining and combinations thereof interfere.

In this case, in the step of performing the interference check in the three dimensions, among the combination of the operation portion and the fixed portion or the combination of the operation portion and the operation portion determined to interfere in the interference check in the two dimensions, the NC is selected. Each combination of the operating unit and the fixed unit and the operating unit and the operating unit, which are set when the device performs a three-dimensional interference check, or the operating unit and the fixed unit or the operation
Regarding the combination of the operating part and the operating part, the braking distance required for stopping at a certain distance before the operating part interferes with the fixed part or other operating parts, the current position of one or more operating parts, the operating direction, A step of calculating and calculating during operation of the NC lathe from operation speed and acceleration, the three-dimensional shape of the one or more operation parts and the three-dimensional shape of the fixed part that may interfere with the operation part, and the NC described above. It is a relative distance between the coordinate origin of the moving part and the fixed part set in the device and the current position, the moving direction, the moving speed, and the acceleration of the one or a plurality of moving parts until the interference occurs. Comprising a step of calculating and obtaining an interference prediction distance, and a step of determining that the combination interferes when the braking distance becomes equal to or larger than the interference prediction distance. May that.

In the interference check method for these NC lathes, when the calculation time of the interference check during the operation of the NC lathe becomes a length that cannot be checked in real time,
It is better to judge the calculation time over. In addition, the NC device may be configured to store the two-dimensional and three-dimensional shapes or the two- dimensional and three-dimensional shapes of the operation unit or the fixed unit in a simplified manner. Further, the absolute coordinates of the machine coordinate system are used to determine the coordinate origin of each of the one or more motion parts and the position of the fixed part that may interfere with the motion part.
The data may be stored in the relative positional relationship storage unit of the C device.

[0015]

According to the interference check method for the NC lathe according to the present invention, the interference check in two dimensions (in the plane) and
Combine with interference check in 3D (3D space), 3
Dimensional interference check is required for moving part (moving part) and fixed part and combination of moving parts or moving part and fixed part or moving part
Since a three-dimensional interference check is performed for combinations of work parts, the NC lathe operation may be stopped or unnecessary interference may be determined by the two-dimensional interference check, even though it does not actually interfere. It is possible to prevent the avoidance operation from being performed, and also to prevent the risk of causing interference by removing the interference check target and forcibly operating it.

In addition, a three-dimensional interference check is not performed for all combinations, and the calculation time is short.
For a combination that requires a two-dimensional interference check, interference is determined by a two-dimensional interference check, so the time required for interference check can be shortened, and calculation time for interference check is required during operation of the NC lathe. After that, the operation of the NC lathe was stopped because the real-time check could not be performed,
It is possible to prevent the occurrence of streaks on the cut portion of the work.

Then, in the NC lathe, the above-mentioned operating portion and fixed portion, and operating portion and operating portion or operating portion and fixed portion or operating portion.
It is possible to arbitrarily change the combination of the two-dimensional interference check and the three-dimensional interference check of the operation unit and the combination of the three-dimensional interference check, and perform the two-dimensional interference check or the all-three-dimensional interference check. You can also do so.

Further, the above-mentioned two-dimensional interference check and three-dimensional interference check are checked by a combination of the operating part and the fixed part, and the operating part and the operating part, or the operating part.
For the fixed part or the combination of the operating part and the operating part, predict the braking time required for stopping at a certain distance before the position where the operating part interferes with the fixed part or other operating parts, and the number of seconds after which the interference will occur. If the braking time becomes equal to the interference prediction time or becomes longer than the interference prediction time, it is determined that the combination will cause interference. The interference can be reliably predicted and determined before the occurrence of the occurrence, and the safety of the NC lathe can be further enhanced.

Alternatively, the above-mentioned two-dimensional interference check and three-dimensional interference check are checked for each combination or movement of the operating part and the fixed part, and the operating part and the operating part.
Regarding the combination of working part and fixed part or working part and working part ,
A braking distance required to stop at a certain distance in advance from a position where the operating unit interferes with the fixed unit or another operating unit, and an interference prediction distance that is the operating distance until the interference is calculated and obtained, When the braking distance becomes equal to the interference prediction distance or becomes larger than the interference prediction distance, even if it is determined that the combination interferes, the interference is surely predicted before the interference actually occurs. Therefore, the safety of the NC lathe can be further enhanced.

However, even by these interference check methods, when the calculation time of the interference check during the operation of the NC lathe becomes a length that cannot be checked in real time, it is possible to judge the calculation time over, As a result, safety can be further increased. Also, the above NC
The device includes two-dimensional and three-dimensional shapes of the above-mentioned moving part or fixed part or
By storing in simplified two-dimensional or three-dimensional shape, it is possible to shorten the calculation time for the interference check in two- and three-dimensional or two - dimensional or three-dimensional.

Further, the coordinate origins of one or a plurality of moving parts and the positions of the fixed parts which may interfere with the moving parts are stored in the relative position relation storing part of the NC device by the absolute coordinates in the mechanical coordinate system. Two-dimensional by memorizing
And the calculation for interference checking in 3D or 2D or 3D can be easily performed.

[0022]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT An embodiment of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 2 is an external perspective view of an essential part showing an example of an NC lathe for carrying out the interference checking method according to the present invention. This is a perspective view in the vicinity of the processing position of a headstock slide type NC lathe for processing a bar, which is provided with a pair of spindles and a back spindle. That is, as shown in FIG. 2, a headstock (not shown) is slidably mounted along a guide rail (not shown) in the Z1 axis direction parallel to the centerline of the spindle on the rear portion of the upper surface of the bed 10 which is inclined downward. This first headstock is reciprocally moved in the Z1 direction indicated by the arrow via a feed screw mechanism by a Z1 axis servomotor (not shown).

A tool rest base 11 is fixed to the bed 10 and stands upright in the width direction thereof in front of a main spindle which is rotatably supported by the main spindle and is rotated by a spindle motor for the main spindle. A guide bush 12 is disposed on the tool post base 11 at a position concentric with the center line of the spindle, and the workpiece gripped by the spindle protrudes from the guide bush 12 to the machining position and extends in the Z1 axis direction. Is slidably guided and held by.

A tool rest 14 is further arranged on the tool rest base 11 via an XY table 13 so as to be slidable in the X1 axis and Y1 axis directions (arrows X1 and Y1 directions) orthogonal to the Z1 axis and orthogonal to each other. It is set up. The XY table 13 is provided with an X1-axis servo motor, a Y1-axis servo motor, and a feed screw mechanism, which are not shown, by which the tool rest 14 is predetermined in the arrow X1 direction and the arrow Y1 direction, respectively. The stroke can be reciprocated.

On the tool rest 14, a plurality of (5 in the illustrated example) cutting tools 15 and a plurality (3 in the illustrated example) of rotary tools 16 are arranged in parallel in the X1 axis direction. They are attached in a comb-teeth shape at predetermined intervals in the Y1 axis direction. Further, the rear tool post 1 is provided on the front side of the tool post base 11.
7 are fixed, and a plurality of back surface processing tools 18 (five in the illustrated example) 18 for back surface processing are arranged parallel to the Z1 axis direction at a predetermined interval in the X1 axis direction. It is installed in. The tool 18 is, for example, a relative rotary tool such as a drill or an end mill. The tool 18 does not rotate, but can be machined by rotating a workpiece chucked on a back spindle described later.

On the front side of the tool rest base 11 of the bed 10, a back spindle 20 is provided slidably in the Z2 axis direction parallel to the Z1 axis and in the X2 axis direction (parallel to the X1 axis) orthogonal thereto. The back spindle 20 is provided with a back spindle facing the above-mentioned spindle and an opposed tool post 22 adjacent to the back spindle. Relative rotary tools 23 such as a drill and an end mill are fixedly mounted on the opposed tool post 22 so as to be aligned in parallel in the Z2 axis direction at predetermined intervals in the X2 axis direction.

The rear headstock 20 can be reciprocally moved by a predetermined stroke by the Z2 axis servomotor and the X2 axis servomotor in the arrow Z2 direction and the arrow X2 direction via the feed screw mechanism. The back spindle is provided with a chuck 21 for gripping a work piece at its tip, and is rotated by a spindle motor for the back spindle. The work held by the chuck 21 of the back spindle is mainly processed by the tool 18 attached to the back tool post 17 described above. However, when a tool for back machining is attached to the tool post 14, the work is held by them. It is also possible to process.

In order to process a work (part) of a round bar material using this NC lathe, the round bar material is previously passed through the main shaft, guided by the guide bush 12 and slightly protruded, and chucked by the main shaft. Work. Then, the spindle is rotated to rotate the work, the tool rest 14 is moved in the X1 axis direction and the Y1 axis direction, and the peripheral surface is cut by the cutting tool 15 attached thereto, and the work is fixed to the rotary tool 16 Can be rotated to perform radial drilling or the like. In addition, the rear headstock 20 is moved in the X2 axis direction and Z direction.
It is also possible to perform machining such as drilling or tap cutting on the front end surface of the workpiece rotated by the main shaft by the tool 23 for back surface machining attached to the opposed tool post 22 by moving in two axis directions.

After that, the rear spindle headstock 20 is moved in the direction of the arrow Z2, the front end portion of the work is grasped and held by the chuck 21 of the rear spindle headstock, and the cut-off tool attached to the tool post 14 is used. 14 is reciprocally moved in the direction of the arrow X1 to perform the cut-off processing, and the work is separated from the round bar. The delivery of this work is called pickoff. And
By moving the rear headstock 20 to a position facing the rear tool rest 17 and rotating the rear main spindle, on the rear surface of the workpiece held by the chuck 21 and rotating, by a relative rotary tool 23 such as a center drill or a rear tap, It is possible to perform drilling and tap cutting.

In this NC lathe, a tool rest 14, a tool 15 attached to the tool 15, a rotary tool 16, a back spindle 20 and a back spindle having a chuck 21 which moves integrally with the tool, and an opposing tool rest 22. An operating part (moving part) such as a relative rotary tool 23 attached to the bed, a bed 10, a tool post base 11, and a rear tool post 1
7 and back machining tools 18 attached thereto, and interference with the fixed portion such as a guide bush 12, and the operation portion interference between, or fixed part or operation and their operation portion
The interference check according to the present invention is performed in order to prevent the interference between the parts and prevent the damage of the tool and the defective work.

The work held by the guide bush 12 on the main spindle side or held by the chuck 21 on the rear main spindle is machined by interfering with a tool (tool). exclude. However, since interference should not occur except during processing, it can be used as an operation unit subject to interference check. Further, a structure such as a cover or a pipe for discharging cutting oil, which is not shown, can be added as a fixing portion to be subjected to the interference check. Further, when a moving member such as a separator (receiver) for receiving the processed work is provided, it can also be an operation unit to be subjected to the interference check.

Next, the configuration of the NC device which is the control unit of this NC lathe will be described with reference to the block diagram of FIG.
This NC device includes a system control unit 40 including a CPU, a program input unit 41, a keyboard 42a, and a switch 4.
2b and an operation panel 44 having a display 43, an input / output control unit 45 thereof, a system control program memory (RO
M) 46, a machining program storage unit 48, a display data storage unit 49, a RAM 50 for storing other data, a machining program processing unit 51, and a machining operation control unit 52.
The drive unit 30 that directly drives and controls the mechanism unit shown in FIG. 2 is controlled via the machining operation control unit 52.

The drive unit 30 includes Z1, Z2, X1, X2.
The control drive unit 32 of each axis for driving and controlling the servo mechanism 31 of the Y1 axis servo motor, the spindle motor control drive unit 34 for driving and controlling the spindle motor 33 of each spindle (main spindle and rear spindle), and each sensor ( A sensor input unit 3 for inputting a detection signal of the position sensor of each table) 35
It consists of 6 mag.

The system control unit 40 is a unit for integrally controlling the entire NC device, and thus the entire NC lathe, and processes such as discrimination, conversion and editing of the machining program stored in the machining program storage unit 48 together with the machining program processing unit 51. ,
The keyboard 42 of the operation panel 44 via the input / output control unit 45
a or processing of inputting data or commands from the switch 42b and processing of the machining program or other display on the display 43, the driving unit 30 is operated based on the machining program stored in the machining program storage unit 48 together with the machining operation control unit 52. Then, processing for performing NC processing is performed. Further, the processing relating to the interference check according to the present invention is also performed here.

The program input unit 41 is a paper tape reader, a floppy disk device (FDD) or the like for inputting a processing program created by an external program creating device (personal computer or the like) from a paper tape or a floppy disk. The operation panel 44 serves as a driving operation means for issuing an operation command from the keyboard 42a or the switch 42b when performing NC processing and confirming the operation by the display of the display 43. And operation unit for performing an interference check between the fixed portion and the operation portion and the combination or the operation unit of the operation unit solid
The operation panel 44 also performs an input operation when presetting the fixed portion or the combination of the operating portion and the operating portion , and the coordinate origin of each operating portion and the relative position of each fixed portion in advance.

The input / output control unit 45 determines the commands and inputs from the keyboard 42a or the switch 42b of the operation panel 44, controls for displaying the display data stored in the display data storage unit 49 on the display 43, and the like. To do. The system control program memory 46 is the NC
CP of the system control unit 40 for controlling the operation of the device
RO that stores the program and fixed data used by U
It is M.

The automatic programming section 47 includes a control panel 44.
This is a functional unit for creating a machining program in the NC device itself by interactive programming using. The machining program storage unit 48 includes the program input unit 4
R for storing the machining program input from 1 or the machining program created by the automatic programming unit 47
AM. The display data storage unit 49 is a bitmap memory (VRAM) that stores various data to be displayed on the display 43 of the operation panel 44.

The RAM 50 is a memory for storing data of each tool (tool) used for machining, various initial set data, etc., and is preset data for performing the interference check according to the present invention, that is, in two dimensions. combinations or fixed part and the operation part of the interference check and operation portion and the operation portion and the fixed portion and the operation portion for the interference check in the three-dimensional addition of
The RAM 50 also stores data such as the combination of the operating parts and the operating parts , and the coordinate origin of each operating part and the relative positional relationship of each fixed part. Therefore, this RAM50
Also functions as a relative positional relationship storage section. The machining program storage unit 48 and the display data storage unit 49 are also the RAs.
If the storage capacity of M50 is sufficient, this can also be used.

The operation of the basic embodiment of the interference checking method according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the flow chart of FIG. When the NC device of the NC lathe starts its operation, the system control unit 40 shown in FIG. 3 starts the operation related to the interference check shown in FIG. N in step 1
All fixed parts and moving parts having a possibility of interference (stored in the RAM 50 of FIG. 3) set in the C device, their respective shapes (two-dimensional and three-dimensional), the coordinate origin of the moving part, and the relative positional relationship of the fixed portion, the fixed portion or the operation and the interference check and combinations or operating portion of the operating portion operating portion and the fixed portion and <br/> operation unit for the interference check in three dimensions of a two-dimensional
Enter the combination of the section and the operation section .

In step 2, it is calculated and checked whether there is interference in two dimensions (in the plane). That is, the two-dimensional shape of one or a plurality of motion parts, the two-dimensional shape of a fixed part that may interfere with the motion parts, the coordinate origin of each motion part set in the NC device, and each fixed part. Two-dimensional interference check is performed by calculating each relative position in the two-dimensional plane for each input combination from the relative positional relationship and the current position of each operation unit. As a result, if there is no interference, the process proceeds to step 7 to determine whether the operation is continued. If the operation is continued, the process returns to step 2 and the two-dimensional interference check is performed again. If the operation is not continued, the process ends.

If there is interference in step 2, the process proceeds to step 3 and is set in the NC device in advance (RA in FIG. 3).
Input the division of the combination of the two-dimensional interference check part (stored in M50) and the three-dimensional interference check part. This division may be input together in step 1.

Then, the process proceeds to step 4, and it is judged whether or not the combination judged to have the interference in step 2 is a combination part for the three-dimensional interference check. As a result, 3
If it is not the combination part of the dimensional interference check,
The interference process is performed in step 6, and then the process ends.
In the interference process in this case, an alarm and operation stop or interference avoidance operation are performed for the combination determined to have interference in step 2.

If the result of the determination in step 4 is the combination portion for which the three-dimensional interference check is to be performed, the process proceeds to step 5 and it is calculated whether or not there is interference in the three-dimensional (three-dimensional space) for the combination. To check. That is, interferes with the determination has been operating portion and the fixed portion and the operation portion of the operation portion combination or operation portion and the fixed portion or of the operation portion and the operation portion combination in the interference check of a two-dimensional step 2, a three-dimensional 3D shape of one or a plurality of moving parts, a 3D shape of a fixed part that may interfere with the moving part, and a coordinate origin of the moving part for a combination for which the interference check is set. Then, the relative position relationship in the three-dimensional space is calculated from the relative positional relationship between the fixed part and the current position of each operating part to perform a three-dimensional interference check.

As a result, if there is no interference, the process proceeds to step 7, and if the operation is continued, the process returns to step 2 to perform the interference check for the next combination. If the operation is not continued,
The process is terminated as it is. If there is interference, the process proceeds to step 6 and the interference process is performed to end the process. In the interference process in this case, an alarm and operation stop or interference avoidance operation are performed for the combination determined to have interference in step 5.

[0045] Thus, according to this embodiment, the combination of the operation portion and the fixed portion and the operation portion interferes with the determined operation unit are in the interference check in the 2-dimensional step 2 also
Interfere with the fixed part or the operation portion and the operation portion operating unit combination Cormorants <br/> Chi of a combination interference check in two dimensions in the NC device is set, the interference check of a three-dimensional Step 5 Then the fixed portion and the operation portion determined to be operating portion and the combination or the operation portion of the operation portion and the fixed portion or the operation portion operation section
The combination O and of, will be determined combination that interfere with.

An example of a combination of the operating part and the fixed part or the operating parts for performing the two-dimensional interference check and the three-dimensional interference check in this manner is shown in the plan layout view of FIG. 4 and the front layout view of FIG. Explained by. Here, for simplification of description, the two-dimensional shapes of the operation unit 1 and the operation unit 2 and the fixed unit 1 and the fixed unit 2 which are the targets of the interference check are all shown in a simplified rectangular shape.

FIG. 4 shows Z of the operating parts 1 and 2 and the fixed parts 1 and 2.
-Showing a plane shape that is a projection shape on the X plane (a horizontal plane along the Z1 and Z2 axis directions and the X1 and X2 axis directions in Fig. 2), and Z
₀ · X ₀ is the coordinate system of the fixed parts 1 and 2, and O ₀ is the coordinate origin. Z ₁ · X ₁ is the coordinate system of the operating unit 1, O ₁ is its coordinate origin, Z ₂ · X ₂ is the coordinate system of the operating unit 2, and O ₂
Is the origin of the coordinates. FIG. 5 shows a front shape which is a projected shape of each of the operating parts 1 and 2 and the fixing parts 1 and 2 on a Z-Y plane (a vertical surface along the Z1, Z2 direction and the Y1 axis direction in FIG. 2),
Z ₀ · Y ₀ is the coordinate system of the fixed parts 1 and 2, Z ₁ · Y ₁ is the coordinate system of the motion part 1, Z ₂ · Y ₂ is the coordinate system of the motion part 2,
The coordinate origins O ₀ , O ₁ , and O ₂ of each coordinate system are the same as in FIG.

In this case, in step 1 of FIG. 1, the following preset data are input. (1) The fixed portion 1, 2 and the movable portion 1, 2 are respectively the planar shape shown in FIG. 4, the front portion of the fixed portion 1, 2 and the movable portion 1, 2 shown in FIG. ) The relative position of each coordinate origin O ₀ , O ₁ , O ₂ of each coordinate system and the position of the fixed parts 1 and 2 in the Z ₀ · X ₀ coordinate system,
(The operation units 1 and 2 are respectively Z ₁ · X ₁ coordinate system, Z ₂ · X
(NC control is performed in _two coordinate systems.) (3) Interference check combination Fixed part 1 and operation part 1,
Fixed part 2 and motion part 1, Fixed part 2 and motion part 2, Motion part 1 and motion part 2

In step 3 of FIG. 1, the following preset data is input. (4) Combination of two-dimensional interference check: ,, Combination of three-dimensional interference check: In this example, two-dimensional interference is checked by the interference check in the planar shape shown in FIG. 4 and shown in FIG. 3 in combination with the interference check in the front shape (AND condition: the combination determined to interfere in any of the above is regarded as interference)
You can check for interference in dimensions.

Many of the objects (structures and tool rests) to be subjected to the interference check actually have a complicated shape, but by simplifying them, the calculation speed at the time of the interference check can be increased. For example, as shown in (a) of FIG. 6, a three-dimensional shape of an object composed of a rectangular parallelepiped part and two-stage cylindrical parts having different diameters is converted into three rectangular parallelepipeds of different sizes Is defined as a set of. As such a simplification method, a complex shape can be defined as a set of cylinders or a set of triangular prisms. Then, the size and position of each solid (interfering object) are defined by the coordinate system in which the solid is placed.

Further, as shown in FIG. 7, the interfering object 3 is moved to the origin of the interfering object 3 and the coordinate system at that time (X · Y ·
The distance from the origin O of Z) is defined in three dimensions. That is, as described above, the shape of the interferer 3 is projected on the XZ plane and the XY plane orthogonal to each other, and the minimum coordinate value and the maximum coordinate value in each axial direction are defined, and the AND
The size of the solid can be defined by the conditions. Therefore, the size and distance of the solid can be defined by defining each two points of the interferer (solid) 3 on each of the axes X, Y, and Z shown in FIG.

In the case of having a plurality of coordinate systems, as shown in FIG. 8, the motion unit 1 moves within the Z ₁ · X ₁ coordinate system and the motion unit 2 moves.
When moving in the Z ₂ · X ₂ coordinate system, the distance between the origin O ₁ and the origin O ₂ of each coordinate system is defined as the X ₁ axis and the Z ₂
The intersection O, which is an extension of the axis, is defined as the origin, and A and F are defined as parameters. This value is a design value. Then, the distances D, G, B, and I from the origin P _{1 of} the operation unit ₁ and the origin P ₂ of the operation unit 2 which are interfering objects in each coordinate system to the original coordinates O ₁ , O ₂ are defined as parameters, respectively. To do.

The size of the operating unit 1 is defined by the distances E and H, and the size of the operating unit 2 is defined by the distances C and J, respectively. The relative distance between the operation units 1 and 2 is calculated for each dimension as a result of calculation of these coordinates, and the one using the three axes is the relative distance in three dimensions. For example, in FIG.
In the example, the one-dimensional relative distance between the operating units 1 and 2 in the Z ₂ axis direction is (A + B) − (D + E). The one-dimensional relative distance in the X ₁ axis direction is as follows. (F + G)-(I + J)

Next, the three-dimensional interference check detecting means will be described. It is a two-dimensional interference detection means that determines whether or not the relative distance of the target object is less than or equal to the stoppable distance before the interference. Specifically, the braking distance required to stop before a certain distance from the position where the operation part targeted for the interference check interferes with the fixed part or another operation part, the current position of one or more operation parts, the operation Always calculated from the direction, operating speed, acceleration, and braking performance during NC lathe operation.

Further, the two-dimensional shape of one or a plurality of moving parts, the two-dimensional shape of a fixed part that may interfere with the moving parts, the coordinate origin of the moving parts set in the NC device, and the fixed part. From the relative positional relationship of the above, and the current position, the moving direction, the moving speed, and the acceleration of the above-mentioned one or more moving parts, the interference predicted distance which is the moving distance until the interference is calculated for each set combination. . Then, when the calculated braking distance becomes equal to or larger than the interference prediction distance, it is determined that the combination interferes.

FIG. 9 is a functional block diagram of an apparatus for performing such interference detection.
It is a relative distance calculation unit of the interference check target on the axis, the Y axis, and the Z axis. The two-dimensional interference detection calculation unit 7 calculates the braking distance and the interference prediction distance from the respective calculated values of the X-axis relative distance calculation unit 4 and the Y-axis relative distance calculation unit 5, and the braking distance becomes equal to the interference prediction distance. When it becomes larger than the interference prediction distance, an interference detection signal in the XY plane for the combination of the checked objects is output.

Similarly, the two-dimensional interference detection calculation unit 8 calculates the braking distance and the predicted interference distance from the calculated values of the X-axis relative distance calculation unit 4 and the Z-axis relative distance calculation unit 6, and the braking distance interferes. When it becomes equal to the predicted distance or becomes larger than the predicted interference distance, an interference detection signal in the XZ plane for the combination of the checked objects is output. Then, the three-dimensional interference detection unit 9 is replaced by the two-dimensional interference detection calculation unit 7
AND the outputs of 8 and 8 and output a three-dimensional interference detection signal when both outputs an interference detection signal.

Therefore, as shown in FIGS. 10A and 10B, when it is detected that the objects A and B interfere with each other in the XY plane, but they do not interfere with each other in the XY plane. , The three-dimensional interference detection unit 9 does not output the three-dimensional interference detection signal. Then, as shown in (a) and (b) of FIG. 11, when it is detected that the objects A and B interfere with each other in the XZ plane and the XY plane, the three-dimensional interference detection unit 9 detects. It outputs a three-dimensional interference detection signal.

The time required for the two-dimensional interference detection calculation units 7 and 8 in FIG. 9 to stop before a fixed distance from the position where the operating unit interferes with the fixed unit or another operating unit instead of the braking distance. When the braking time becomes equal to the interference prediction time or becomes larger than the interference prediction time, the target object is calculated. It is also possible to output an interference detection signal in the XY plane or the XZ plane for the combination.

FIG. 12 is a functional block diagram showing another example of the three-dimensional interference detection device. In this example, from the relative distances calculated by the relative distance calculation units 4, 5, 6 of the respective axes,
The vector quantity calculator 27 calculates a three-dimensional vector quantity,
The vector amount is defined as a relative distance in three dimensions, and when the vector amount becomes equal to or less than a set value, the three-dimensional interference detection unit 28 outputs a three-dimensional interference detection signal. In any case, in reality, these interference detection functions are the same as those shown in FIG.
The system control unit 40 can be realized by software processing of the CPU.

When there are three or more interference check targets, it is necessary to perform interference check on their mutual combinations. Therefore, when there are four targets, interference checks for six combinations are required. Also, NC
When the interference check calculation time becomes long enough that real-time check cannot be performed during the operation of the apparatus, it may be determined that the calculation is over.

[0062]

As described above, when the interference checking method according to the present invention is used, the moving tool turret and the operating portion such as the tool attached thereto, and the fixed turret and the fixing portion such as the tool attached thereto. And interference between operating parts , or
Can efficiently detect the interference between the working part and the fixed part or between the working parts without excess or deficiency, so that the safety of the NC lathe can be improved and the operation efficiency can be improved to shorten the processing time. Since there is no unnecessary interference avoiding operation, NC
It is also possible to reduce the size of the lathe. Further, since it becomes possible to use a tool post or the like having a shape that could not be used until now, the degree of freedom in design increases, and it becomes possible to realize a more efficient NC lathe.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an operation flow diagram of a basic embodiment of an interference check method according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 N for implementing the interference checking method according to the invention
It is a principal part external appearance perspective view which shows an example of a C lathe.

3 is a control unit N of the NC lathe shown in FIG.
It is a block diagram which shows the structural example of C apparatus.

FIG. 4 is a plan layout view showing the shapes of each operation unit and a fixed unit which are targets of interference check together with their coordinate systems.

FIG. 5 is a front layout view showing the shapes of the respective operating parts and the fixed part which are the targets of the interference check together with their respective coordinate systems.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing an example of simplification of the shape of the object of interference check.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of a method of defining a position and a size of a target of interference check in a three-dimensional coordinate system.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of a method of defining a relative distance when a plurality of motion units that are objects of interference check move in different coordinate systems.

FIG. 9 is a functional block diagram showing an example of a three-dimensional interference detection device.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing an example in which three-dimensional interference detection is not performed.

FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing an example in which three-dimensional interference detection is performed.

FIG. 12 is a functional block diagram showing another example of a three-dimensional interference detection device.

[Explanation of symbols] 4, 5, 6: Relative distance calculation unit for each axis 7, 8: Two-dimensional interference detection calculation unit 9: Three-dimensional interference detection unit 10: Bed 11: Turret base 12: Guide bush 13: XY table 14: Turret 15: Bit 16: Rotating tool 17: Back tool post 18: Tool for back processing 20: Rear spindle stock 21: Rear spindle chuck 22: Opposite turret 23: Relative rotating tool 27: Vector amount calculator 28: Three-dimensional interference detector 30: drive unit 40: system control unit 44: Operation panel 45: Input / output control unit 46: System control program memory (ROM) 48: Machining program storage unit 50: RAM 52: Machining operation control unit

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (58) Fields surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) G05B 19/18-19/46 B23Q 15/00-15/28

Claims (7)

(57) [Claims] 1. In an NC lathe, a working unit and a fixed unit and a combination of the working unit and the working unit or a working unit for performing a two-dimensional interference check and a three-dimensional interference check on an NC device.
A step of presetting a fixed portion or a combination of an operating portion and an operating portion , and a relative positional relationship between the coordinate origin of each of the operating portions and each of the fixed portions; and one or a plurality of operating portions during operation of the NC lathe. A two-dimensional shape, a two-dimensional shape of a fixed part that may interfere with the moving part, a coordinate origin of each of the moving parts set in the NC device, and a relative positional relationship between the fixed parts. A step of calculating a relative position in a two-dimensional plane for each combination from the current position of the operation unit to perform a two-dimensional interference check; and an operation determined to interfere in the two-dimensional interference check Part and fixed part and working part and working part combination or
Of the combination of working part and fixed part or working part and working part ,
Regarding a combination for performing three-dimensional interference check set in the NC device, a three-dimensional shape of one or a plurality of operating parts and a fixed part that may interfere with the operating part during operation of the NC lathe. Of the relative position in the three-dimensional space from the three-dimensional shape, the relative position of the coordinate origin of the operating part and the fixed part set in the NC device, and the current position of each operating part. A step of calculating and performing a three-dimensional interference check; and a combination of the operation unit and the fixed unit and the operation unit and the operation unit which are determined to interfere in the two-dimensional interference check, or
Of the combination of the operation unit and the fixed unit or the combination of the operation unit and the operation unit, the combination in which the two-dimensional interference check is set in the NC device and the operation unit that is determined to interfere by the three-dimensional interference check are fixed. Part and operating part and operating part combination or operating part and fixed part or operating part and operating part combination
Seto and interference checking method in the NC lathe, characterized in that it comprises a step of determining combined with interference. 2. The method for checking interference in an NC lathe according to claim 1, wherein the NC check is preset in the NC device.
And operation unit for performing an interference check between the fixed portion and the operation portion and the combination or the operation portion of the operation portion and the fixed portion or the operation portion is the dimension
A combination of motion parts and a combination or motion of motion parts and fixed parts, and motion parts and motion parts that perform interference check in three dimensions.
An interference check method in an NC lathe, comprising a step of changing a section of a combination of a working part and a fixed part or a working part and a working part . 3. The interference check method for an NC lathe according to claim 1, wherein the step of performing the two-dimensional interference check includes performing a two-dimensional interference check and a three-dimensional interference check on the NC device. fixed part or operations as part that is configured with the fixed part and the moving <br/> operation unit and the combination or the operation portion of the operation portion
For the combination of the operating part and the operating part, the braking time, which is the time required for the operating part to stop a certain distance before the position where the operating part interferes with the fixed part or another operating part, is the current position of one or more operating parts, N from movement direction, movement speed and acceleration
A step of calculating and obtaining during operation of the C lathe, a two-dimensional shape of the one or more operation parts and a two-dimensional shape of a fixed part that may interfere with the operation part, Based on the relative position relationship between the coordinate origin of the moving part and the fixed part, and the current position, moving direction, moving speed, and acceleration of the one or more moving parts, the number of seconds after which interference occurs for each of the combinations set. And a step of calculating an interference prediction time for predicting whether or not, and a step of determining that the combination interferes when the braking time becomes equal to the interference prediction time or becomes longer than the interference prediction time. from now, the process of performing an interference check at the 3-dimensional, the the operation portion and the fixed portion and the operation portion interferes with the determined operation unit in the interference check of a two-dimensional combination or
Of the combination of working part and fixed part or working part and working part ,
For <br/> the combination of the NC device to the operation portion interference check and the operation unit is set to the fixed portion and the operation portion and the respective combinations or operation part of the operation portion and the fixed portion or the operation portion of a three dimensional , The braking time, which is the time required to stop at a certain distance from the position where the motion part interferes with the fixed part or other motion parts, the current position, motion direction, motion speed and acceleration of one or more motion parts From the NC lathe during operation, the three-dimensional shape of the one or more operation parts and the three-dimensional shape of the fixed part that may interfere with the operation part, and the three-dimensional shape set in the NC device. An interference prediction time for predicting how many seconds later the interference will occur, based on the relative positional relationship between the coordinate origin of the operating part and the fixed part, and the current position, operating direction, operating speed, and acceleration of the one or more operating parts. Calculate and obtain And a step of determining that the combination interferes when the braking time becomes equal to the interference prediction time or becomes longer than the interference prediction time, the method for checking interference in an NC lathe. . 4. The interference check method for an NC lathe according to claim 1, wherein the step of performing the two-dimensional interference check includes performing a two-dimensional interference check and a three-dimensional interference check on the NC device. fixed part or operations as part that is configured with the fixed part and the moving <br/> operation unit and the combination or the operation portion of the operation portion
Regarding the combination of the operating part and the operating part, the braking distance required for stopping at a certain distance before the operating part interferes with the fixed part or other operating parts, the current position of one or more operating parts, the operating direction, A step of calculating and calculating during operation of the NC lathe from operation speed and acceleration; a two-dimensional shape of the one or more operation parts and a two-dimensional shape of a fixed part that may interfere with the operation part; For each combination set based on the relative position relationship between the coordinate origin of the operating part and the fixed part set in the device, and the current position, operating direction, operating speed, and acceleration of the one or more operating parts. , A step of calculating and obtaining an interference prediction distance which is a motion distance until the interference, and the set when the braking distance becomes equal to or larger than the interference prediction distance. And a step of performing the interference check in the three dimensions, wherein the step of performing the interference check in the three dimensions includes a combination of the operation unit and the fixed unit and / or the operation unit and the operation unit determined to interfere with each other. of the NC device in a three-dimensional in the interference checking operation portion that is set to the fixed portion and the operation portion and the operation portion each combination or operation portion and the fixed portion or the operation portion and the operation portion of the set
Regarding matching , the braking distance required to stop at a certain distance from the position where the operating part interferes with the fixed part or other operating parts is the current position, operating direction, operating speed and acceleration of one or more operating parts. From the NC lathe during operation, the three-dimensional shape of the one or more operation parts and the three-dimensional shape of the fixed part that may interfere with the operation part, and the three-dimensional shape set in the NC device. Based on the relative position relationship between the coordinate origin of the moving part and the fixed part and the current position, the moving direction, the moving speed, and the acceleration of the one or more moving parts, the predicted interference distance that is the moving distance until the interference occurs. And a step of determining that the combination interferes when the braking distance becomes equal to the interference prediction distance or becomes larger than the interference prediction distance. Interference check method in the NC lathe that. 5. The interference check method for an NC lathe according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the calculation time of the interference check during the operation of the NC lathe is a length that cannot be checked in real time. A method for checking interference in an NC lathe, which is characterized in that if the calculation time is exceeded, it is determined. 6. The NC device stores the two-dimensional and three-dimensional shapes or the two- dimensional and three-dimensional shapes of the operating unit or the fixed unit in a simplified manner and stores them. An interference check method in the NC lathe according to the item. 7. The relative position storing section of the NC device is provided with a coordinate origin of each of one or a plurality of moving parts and a position of a fixed part which may interfere with the moving parts by absolute coordinates in a machine coordinate system. The information is stored in the memory.
5. The NC lathe interference check method according to any one of 4 to 4.