JP3461109B2 - Excavation method - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an excavation method for excavating a vertical hole in the ground by using a working machine such as a backhoe or a crane.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art For example, in the case of excavating a vertical hole having a diameter of about 2.5 to 4.5 meters, as shown in FIG. BACKGROUND ART A technique is known in which a hole is excavated, the liner plate 7 is inserted and earthed when the hole is dug to some extent, and the liner plate 7 is inserted when the hole is further dug to excavate the hole.

Further, in FIG. 9, concrete 18 is sprayed on the inner wall of the hole 19 instead of the liner plate, and a lock bolt 21 made of a reinforcing bar having a length of about 4 to 6 meters is radially outwardly applied to the natural ground G. NATM construction method (New Autun Tun
el Method) is also known.

[0004]

However, in the above technique, it is necessary to prepare the working machine every time the processes such as excavation, insertion of the liner plate, spraying of concrete, insertion of the lock bolt (rebar) are changed. It was a necessary, tedious and cumbersome task and a time consuming task.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an efficient excavation method capable of continuously and easily working without replacing the working machine every time the process changes.

[0006]

According to the present invention, in the excavation method for excavating a vertical hole in the ground using a work machine, the tip of the kerry bar (2) or boom (31) vertically supported by the work machine is provided. Attach the ground drill (6),
Initially cut the hole opening with the earth drill (6), insert and fix the liner plate into the hole opening, and replace the earth drill (6) at the tip of the kerry bar (2) or boom (31) with the excavation bucket (10). When the excavation is advanced to a certain depth, the excavation bucket is moved to the concrete spraying machine (1
Replaced with 2) and sprayed concrete on the inner wall of the excavated hole, and after the spraying work was completed, kelly bar (2)
Alternatively, the perforator (20) is attached to the boom (31) to perforate the sprayed concrete, and a rod-shaped reinforcing material is driven to reinforce the hole. After the reinforcing work is completed, the perforator (2
0) is removed and an excavation bucket (10) is attached to excavate a predetermined depth.

Further, according to the present invention, a plurality of guide members extending outward in the radial direction are provided on the attachment member for attaching the excavation bucket, the excavation direction is guided and the excavation is performed, and the hole for inserting the rod-shaped reinforcing material is excavated. It is preferable that and the reinforcement material are inserted at the same time.

[0008]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In the drawings, members having the same functions as those in the conventional technique are designated by the same reference numerals, and duplicate description is omitted.

FIG. 1 shows a flow chart of the whole process of the excavation method according to the present invention. At the time of excavation, referring to FIG. 2, first, a self-propelled crane generally designated by reference numeral 1 is prepared, and the crane 1 is provided. The known technology is Kelly bar 2
Is suspended, a guide 3 is attached to an arm 4 provided on the crane 1 to vertically support the kelly bar 2, and an earth drill 6 is provided at the tip of the kerry bar 2. Here, reference numeral 5 is a winding device such as a wire or hose which is not shown in detail, and 5a is a drum, respectively.

Then, the hole mouth is initially cut by the earth drill 6, the liner plate 7 is inserted into the hole mouth, and the hole mouth is fixed by the concrete for fixing the hole mouth 8 to position the hole mouth (steps S1, S2, S3). . For safety, a protective fence 9 is provided around it. Now that the hole has been completed, refer to FIG. 3 and install the kelly bar 2 on the crane 1
The earth drill 6 at the end of lifting is replaced with the excavation bucket 10 by advancing the excavation (step S4). After excavating to a certain depth, the bucket 10 is released from the kelly bar 2 by releasing the connecting means (not shown) (step S5), and concrete is sprayed. A spraying machine 12, which is a known technique, is attached to spray concrete on the inner wall of the excavated hole (steps S6 and S).
7).

Referring to FIG. 4, the spraying machine 12 is connected to the kelly bar 2 by a swivel joint 13 and is attached to a turntable 15 at the end provided through a triple tube 14 so that the spraying machine 12 can expand and contract. The nozzle 16 is configured to spray concrete onto the inner wall while rotating the turntable 15 by a driving means (not shown). Here, the attachment means of the spraying machine is not limited to the above, other known means may be used, and the drive means may be any device.

When the spraying is completed, the spraying machine 12 is removed by the swivel joint 13, the drilling machine 20 is attached, and the rock bolt 21 formed of the reinforcing bar, which is a rod-like reinforcing material, is penetrated through the concrete sprayed simultaneously with the drilling. To reinforce the drilled hole (Steps S8, S
9, S10).

Referring to FIG. 5, the punching machine 20 is connected to the kelly bar 2 by a swivel joint 13, and the kerry bar 2 is moved up and down by a crane, and the punching machine is rotated by a driving means (not shown) to move the punching machine up and down. The lock bolts 21 are radially driven at a constant pitch from the inner wall of the hole 19 to the periphery thereof at the same time as the drilling.

Although it has been described that the lock bolt 21 is driven at the same time as the drilling, the lock bolt 21 may be driven after the drilling in two steps, which is different depending on the drilling machine used.

After the reinforcement with the lock bolts 21 is completed, the boring machine 20 is removed, the excavation bucket 10 is attached to the kelly bar 2 (steps S11 and S12), and the excavation is started again to repeat excavation to a predetermined depth. Then
When completed, the scale is measured (step S13).

According to the present invention, as described above, by simply replacing the device attached to the tip for each step,
Holes can be excavated, and there is no waiting time between processes, so efficient excavation work is possible.

FIG. 7 shows another embodiment of the present invention in which a guide member 35 having a cushioning member 36 is attached to the tip of the kelly bar 2 so that the excavation direction does not bend in each step.

Although the above excavation work is performed using a crane, the working machine is not limited to a crane, and as shown in FIG. 6, a boom 31 such as a backhoe 30 is used.
It is possible to similarly excavate a hole by first attaching the excavation bucket 10a to the tip of the machine and replacing the spraying machine and the boring machine with the machine at the tip order in the same process as the crane.
Further, as long as the excavator, the spraying machine, the punching machine, and the like can be attached, any conventionally known machine may be used, and the same effect can be obtained.

[0019]

The present invention is configured as described above,
Vertical holes can be efficiently drilled using a known work machine, and it is possible to perform reinforcement work as a part of work,
A dedicated machine is not required and the construction period is shortened, so the cost can be reduced.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall flowchart of a work process showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an initial excavation process of FIG. 1 when a self-propelled crane is used.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the excavation process of FIG. 1 when a self-propelled crane is used.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the concrete spraying process of FIG. 1 when a self-propelled crane is used.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a reinforcing process using the lock bolt of FIG. 1 when a self-propelled crane is used.

FIG. 6 is a view showing a case where a backhoe which is another working machine is used in the excavation method according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a guide member according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an example of a conventional technique.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing another example of the conventional technique.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... Self-propelled crane 2 ... Kelly Bar 3 ... Guide 4 ... arm 5 ... Winding device 6 ... Earth drill 7: Liner plate 8: Hole fixed concrete 10, 10a ... Excavation bucket 12 ... Spraying machine 13 ... Swivel joint 30 ... Backhoe 31 ... Boom S: Worker G ... Ground

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (58) Fields surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) E21D 1/03-1/08 E21B 7/00

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. In an excavation method for excavating a vertical hole in the ground using a work machine, an earth drill (6) is attached to the tip of a kerry bar (2) or a boom (31) vertically supported by the work machine, Initially cut the hole with an earth drill (6), insert and fix the liner plate into the hole,
The earth drill (6) at the tip of the kelly bar (2) or boom (31) is replaced with the excavation bucket (10) to proceed with excavation, and when excavating to a certain depth, the excavation bucket is replaced with the concrete spraying machine (12) for concrete. Is blown onto the inner wall of the excavated hole, and after the blowing work is completed, the punching machine (2) is attached to the kelly bar (2) or boom (31).
0) is attached to perforate the sprayed concrete, the rod-shaped reinforcing material is driven in to reinforce the hole, and after the reinforcement work is completed, the perforator (20) is removed, the excavation bucket (10) is attached, and the predetermined An excavation method characterized by excavating a depth. 2. The excavation method according to claim 1, wherein the attachment member for attaching the excavation bucket is provided with a plurality of guide members extending outward in the radial direction to guide the excavation direction.