JP3460560B2 - Casting apparatus and casting method - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a casting apparatus and a casting method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In the conventional casting apparatus and casting method disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 62-197268, in casting using a die, the casting cycle is kept substantially constant and heat input and cooling by casting are performed. Balance
Maintains a constant mold temperature. Further, it is also practiced to provide a mold with a cooling unit and a heating unit to correct the deviation of the balance. This modification was also feasible within the casting cycle. For casting the same product, there is also a so-called multi-station method in which a plurality of molds are prepared and the steps are sequentially performed. Also in this case, the process is divided into a certain period of time, and the casting cycle is kept constant.

[0003]

In the above apparatus and method, when the casting cycle is extended due to a trouble during casting, the die is too cold to be cast next time, and the die casting is performed to raise the die temperature. It was being appreciated. Moreover, even if the casting cycle was increased to increase the production due to the large demand, the mold temperature was too high and the solidification was insufficient, so that it could not be carried out.
In the case of cooling to prevent this, on the contrary, problems such as overcooling due to cooling, and further additional correction due to heating, conversely prolonging the cycle, have arisen. So when you use the mold for the next shot or multi-station,
Since all the molds were connected, one shot of trouble affected subsequent casting. Further, adjusting the casting cycle according to the demand of the product also changes the mold temperature, and it is difficult to ensure the quality, and it has not been implemented. In actual operation, the heating and cooling means for keeping the mold temperature at an appropriate value has a large heat capacity of the mold, and the temperature control width in the casting cycle is small, so that it is not possible to cope with a large disturbance. Further, the mold temperature itself has different aptitude values at the time of casting and at the time of solidification, but all of them are affected by the conventional method, so the temperature was a compromise. For this reason, there are restrictions such as around the hot water and slow solidification. Further, when the line is operated or stopped according to demand, even if the casting cycle is kept constant, it takes time to adjust the mold temperature at the start of the line operation, so that it cannot be flexibly performed. An object of the present invention is to provide a casting apparatus and a casting method capable of adjusting the mold temperature independently of the casting cycle in order to solve the above problems.

[0004]

The present invention which achieves the above object is as follows. (1) A casting line equipped with a detachable mold, a casting device, a forced cooling means such as water cooling, and a mold temperature adjusting furnace.
The mold temperature control furnace is provided outside the casting line.
There are multiple mold temperature control furnaces whose temperatures can be set freely.
Has elements furnace pieces of the mold for heating, the casting line
Between the element furnace and each of the element furnaces.
A casting device, wherein a casting device is arranged . (2) type interpolation mold temperature adjusting furnace and the mold insert Picker
The casting apparatus according to (1), further comprising a die storage means for storing a plurality of dies, which is connected by an insertion device . (3) Input the set temperature of the mold temperature control furnace and the setting panel that holds the input casting plan and outputs it sequentially, and enter the presence / absence of the mold of each element furnace, the type of the mold, and the elements that have reached the set mold temperature. Furnace position,
Etc., the mold temperature control furnace control panel, the position of the take-out mold according to the casting plan, the take-out device control panel for controlling the take-out carriage, the line speed based on the casting plan, the pouring completion type, etc. , A pouring line control panel that outputs the pouring weight, a pouring device control panel that inputs the casting weight, a cooling device control panel that inputs cooling conditions such as water cooling time pattern and position pattern, and a destination to which the die after casting has been input. According to the input, the mold take-out device control panel, the mold inserter control panel that inserts the taken-out mold into the mold temperature adjusting furnace or the storage according to the input, or transfers it from the storage to the mold temperature adjusting furnace, the casting plan, and The casting system according to (1) or (2), which has a control system including a casting control device that inputs the output of each control panel and outputs set values and the like to each control panel. Apparatus. (4) The mold is set in a mold temperature adjusting furnace provided outside the casting line and heated to a predetermined temperature, and the mold is set at the casting position of the casting line when the casting timing is met. Etc. are set in a mold, the molten metal is cast into the mold, after casting, the mold is cooled by forced cooling means such as water to solidify the product, the product is taken out, and the cast mold remaining in the casting line is cast. Reinsert into the mold temperature control furnace outside the line,
A casting method characterized by the above. (5) The casting method according to (4), wherein the die after casting is conveyed to a die temperature adjusting furnace or a die storage according to a casting plan thereafter. (6) It is characterized in that the mold temperature during casting is higher than the product take-out mold temperature in casting in which the mold is circulated. (4)
Alternatively, the casting method according to (5). The above apparatus and method can further take the following modes. (7) The casting apparatus according to (1), characterized in that the mold temperature control furnace is a fluidized bed of heated particles. (8) The casting method according to (4), wherein the casting is performed by gravity. (9) The casting method according to (4), wherein the casting is performed at a differential pressure and forcedly cooled at the casting position. (10) The casting method according to (4), wherein the casting is performed by a differential pressure, and the molten metal is prevented from falling by a molten metal fall prevention device such as a valve and moved to a cooling position for cooling. (11) The casting method according to (4), characterized in that after the casting, the die is rotated to move the sprue to the upper side to prevent the molten metal from dripping and moving from the casting position to the cooling position. (12) The casting method according to (11), characterized in that the gate is blocked by a movable insert built in the gate of the mold. (13) The casting apparatus according to (1), characterized in that the anti-cavity side of the mold is exposed to the outside. (14) The casting apparatus according to (13), characterized in that the thickness of the die is almost constant, and only a portion having a large product thickness and a protrusion such as a boss are thinner than the general portion. (15) The mold has a minimum sliding stroke that is greater than the extrusion stroke, has locks at both ends that are larger than the hole diameter, and has a restoring mechanism such as a spring on the side opposite to the cavity, and the cavity-side end surface is always inside the cavity surface. The casting apparatus according to (14), characterized in that it is provided with an extruding pin that is in a retracted state. (16) The casting apparatus according to (15), characterized in that a pin hole insertion hole is formed in the push pin portion. (17) The casting apparatus according to (16), characterized in that a hole closing member such as a molding sand core is set in the extrusion pin hole before casting. (18) It is characterized in that a dedicated extrusion plate having extrusion pin positions and lengths corresponding to the extrusion pin position of the die is set at the die opening position of the casting line only when the die is opened (15) or (16). Casting equipment. (19) The casting apparatus according to (18), wherein the extruded plate is set on a casting line surface plate. (20) The casting apparatus according to (18), wherein the extruded plate is set in the mold opening device. (21) The casting apparatus according to (15) or (16), wherein the extrusion pin position is provided at a portion corresponding to the standardized mesh pitch. (22) Extrusion machine provided with a push-out fixing pin that is slidable at a standardized mesh pitch, a front-rear drive device composed of a cylinder of this pin, and a lock mechanism that operates with hydraulic pressure to fix the fixing pin at an arbitrary position. The casting apparatus of (21), characterized in that it has a surface plate on which is installed. (23) The casting apparatus according to (22), in which at a mold opening position, a corresponding fixed pin is moved forward by a push pin position signal specific to the mold, brought into contact with a push pin on the mold side and locked at this position, and the mold is opened. (24) The casting apparatus according to (22), which includes a control device that measures and stores the amount of movement of the fixed pin. (25) Advance the fixing pin when opening the mold before casting,
The casting apparatus of (24) in which the forward end is stored, the fixed pin is retracted to the backward end, the pin is advanced again at the mold opening position, the pins other than the pin having the stored stroke are locked, and the mold is opened. (26) The casting apparatus according to (14), characterized in that an opening is provided in the parting surface so that the cavity communicates with the outside, and a nest for inserting the product in the mold opening direction is inserted in the opening. . (27) The casting apparatus according to (26), characterized in that the mold is opened by holding the insert portion at the mold opening position. (28) The casting apparatus according to (14), in which only a part of the cavity is used as a separate member and can be moved by a predetermined amount in the die cutting direction. (29) The casting apparatus according to (28), in which the fixing member is brought into contact with the separate member portion at the mold opening position to open the mold. (30) The casting apparatus according to (1), wherein the back surface of the mold has a shape in which a cooling medium such as water does not stay. (31) The casting apparatus according to (1), characterized in that cooling is performed at a position and time pattern corresponding to the mold. (32) The casting apparatus according to (31), which is provided with a plurality of nozzles with opening / closing valves and is installed at a cooling position only during cooling. (33) The casting apparatus according to (31), which has a cooling header provided with a plurality of movable nozzles having an opening / closing valve, and has a cooling device installed at a cooling position only during cooling. (34) The casting apparatus according to (1), which has a cooling device having a bath of a cooling medium such as water for immersing the mold. (35) The casting apparatus according to (1), which includes a cooling medium tank and a platen lowering device. (36) The casting apparatus according to (35), which has a cooling medium tank outside the casting line, a mold take-out device, and an elevating device. (37) The casting apparatus according to (34), which has a cooling device including an enclosure at least the height of the die, which encloses the die and is in close contact with the surface plate, a water injection device, and a raising / lowering device for the enclosure. (38) The casting apparatus according to (1), which is installed on the surface plate and has a mold clamping and mold opening mechanism that does not cover the back surface of the mold. (39) The casting apparatus according to (1), which has a mold opening and a mold opening mechanism in which the mold closing does not cover the back surface of the mold between the steps of mold closing and mold opening. (40) The casting apparatus according to (1), characterized in that the platens are not formed at a fixed pitch by a casting line. (41) The casting apparatus according to (1), characterized in that the coating apparatus is installed before inserting the mold temperature adjusting furnace. (42) The casting apparatus according to (1), characterized in that the coating apparatus is installed after taking out the mold temperature adjusting furnace.

In the above casting apparatus and casting method of the present invention, a mold temperature adjusting furnace is provided outside the casting line, the mold after the casting process is transferred from the casting line to the mold temperature adjusting furnace, and the mold temperature adjusting furnace is used. Since the mold temperature is adjusted to a predetermined temperature,
Independent of the casting conditions, including the casting cycle of the casting line,
The mold temperature can be adjusted, productivity can be improved, casting line capacity can be improved by adopting strong cooling suitable for the product, and casting cycle time can be shortened.

[0006]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION First, a casting apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described. In FIG. 1, the casting apparatus includes a casting line 1, and the casting line 1 includes a mold setting position 1-1, a coating mold, a core setting position 1-2, a casting position 1-3, a cooling position 1-4, Product removal / cleaning position 1-
5, the mold take-out position 1-6, and the returning step 1-7. A surface plate 1-10 equipped with a mold 2 clamp device is set at each station. Also, the coating type and the setting position 1-2 are the coating type and the core set.
Although the device 1-21 is installed, only the mold coating device 1-21 is shown in this figure because the core is not used. A tilting pouring furnace 1-31 is installed at the pouring position 1-3.
Then , the cooling device 3 provided with a water cooling nozzle or the like is installed in the cooling device 1-4.

The mold temperature adjusting furnace 4 installed outside the pouring line 1 is composed of a plurality of adjusting furnaces, and the mold setting device 4-1 is composed of a moving carriage on a rail 4-11 on the take-out side. It is installed so that it can move between furnaces. Further, the mold setting device 4-1 is connected to the casting line 1 at the mold setting position 1-1.

A mold inserting device 4-3 is movably arranged on a rail 4-31 on the mold inserting side of the mold temperature adjusting furnace 4. The insertion device 4-3 and the pouring line 1 are located at the mold removal position 1-
6 is connected by a take-out device 4-2, and a mold attaching / detaching device 4-21 is movably installed.
To the insertion device 4-3. The inserting device 4-3 is configured to insert the mold not only into the mold temperature adjusting furnace 4 but also into each storage position of the mold storage 5 at the same time.

The casting line and the control device 10 are composed of a computer and the like, and are connected to a casting support device 100 which sets a casting plan for each product, and holds casting data and cooling conditions for each product inside. The pouring line control board 101 drives the pouring line 1 by the tact supported by the pouring support device 100 in response to a setting signal from the control device 10.

The control panel 103 of the cooling device 3 drives the cooling device 3 under the cooling condition from the casting line control device 10. Further, the control board 1031 of the casting furnace 1-31 casts a predetermined amount of molten metal in a casting pattern for each product by the casting line control device 10. Control panel 104 of mold temperature adjusting furnace 4
Controls the temperature of each individual furnace by the control signal of the control device 10, monitors the temperature of the inserted mold, and returns the position of the furnace which has reached a predetermined temperature to the control device 10. Mold setting device 4-1
The control board 1041 of No. 1 takes out the mold having reached the predetermined temperature from the adjusting furnace 4 and sets it on the surface plate 1-10 of the pouring line according to the pouring plan by the control signal from the control device 10.

The control board 1042 of the mold take-out device 4-2 takes out the mold from the casting line 1 in response to a control signal from the control device 10. The control panel 1043 of the insertion device 4-3 is the control device 10
Control signal, the mold is inserted into the mold temperature adjusting furnace 4 or the mold storage 5 according to the casting plan, or the mold is transferred from the storage to the adjusting furnace. The control panel 105 of the mold storage 5 is the control device 1
Monitor the storage position and type of the stored mold with a control signal of 0,
Return the information to 10.

FIG. 2a is a plan view of the surface plate 1-10, in which a movable die holding mechanism 1-101 has a cylinder 1-1011 and the like built therein and slides on a rail 1-1012, and a clamp projection 2 of a movable die 2-2. Clamp -21 in a detachable manner. The fixed die holding mechanism 1-102 is fixed to the surface plate 1-10 and is fixed to the fixed die 2-1.
The clamp projection 2-11 of is clamped detachably. FIG. 2b shows a cross section taken along the line AA 'in the figure, and the same numbers indicate the same contents.

FIG. 3 shows a cross section of the mold. Movable type 2-2,
Each of the fixed molds 2-1 has a thin structure in which the back surface 201 is exposed, and has a thick wall portion 202 and a boss portion 204.
The die wall thickness corresponding to is smaller than that of the general portion 203. In this embodiment, the product is attached to the movable mold when the mold is opened without using the pushing mechanism, and only the product is held during the mold opening to release the mold.

FIG. 4 shows the cooling device 3, where a is a plan view and b is a plan view.
Is a side view. The cooling headers 31 and 31 ′ each having a plurality of individual on-off valves arranged therein are set in the lifting device 32. Figure 5
Shows another case of the cooling device 3, a is a rear view, and b is
Is a side view. Nozzle 3 with multiple individual on-off valves
-11 is attached to the cooling header 3-1 so as to cover the entire back surface of the mold 2, and cooling water is supplied from the water supply hose 3-12. Further, the header 3-1 is configured to allow the die 2 to escape when the casting line 1 is moved by the elevating device 3-2.

In FIG. 1, a required mold take-out signal is sent from the controller 10 to the mold temperature adjusting furnace control board 104 according to the casting plan of the supporting device 100. The mold temperature adjustment furnace control board 104 sends back the position of the elementary furnace which has reached a predetermined temperature in the corresponding mold to the control device 10. The control device 10 sends a take-out signal indicating the take-out position of the mold to the mold take-out device control panel 1041. Mold take-out device control panel 1041
Moves the moving carriage 4-1 of the mold setting device laterally on the rail 4-11, takes out the mold 2 from the corresponding position of the mold temperature adjusting furnace 4, and at the setting position 1-1 of the pouring line 1, the surface plate 1 -1
0 fixed type 2-102, 1-101 shown in FIG.
The pin 2-11 of No. 1 and the pin 2-21 of the movable mold 2-2 are inserted.

Further, according to the pouring plan of the indicating device 100, the pouring tact signal from the control device 10 is sent to the pouring line control board 101, the pouring line 1 is driven by this set tact, and the mold 2 is moved to the next coating position. It is coated with 1-2. Next, the cylinder 1-10 of FIG.
11, the movable holding mechanism 1-101 extends the rail 1-1.
012 slides, and the mold clamping of the movable mold 2-2 and the fixed mold 2-1 is completed. Next, the mold is sent to the pouring position 1-3, the pouring signal from the control device 10 is transmitted to the control board 1031, and the pouring furnace 1-31 is tilted to perform pouring. After casting, it is sent to the next cooling position 1-4.

At the cooling position 1-4, an instruction signal indicating the cooling condition of the product is transmitted from the control device 10 to the control panel 103, and the cooling device 3 operates. In FIG. 4, water-cooled headers 31, 3
The reference numeral 1 ′ is an ascending / descending position 32, in which the nozzle is opened and closed while moving upward from the bottom surface of the mold 2, and water spray is directly sprayed onto the mold 2. The cross section of the mold is made of a relatively thin metal member as shown in FIG. 3, the cooling water directly hits the back surface and is rapidly cooled, the cast molten metal inside is also cooled, and solidification starts. The water spray rises upward from the bottom of the mold, and the solidification of the molten metal inside the mold also progresses from bottom to top. Since the mold thickness of the product thickness part is thinner than that of the lower part, the heat flow from the molten metal increases and the solidification proceeds to the same extent as the other parts. Although the mold thickness was changed in the examples, good results can be obtained by increasing the amount of water or by combining the two. Furthermore, since the mold thickness of the upper boss portion is also thin, solidification does not delay. As a result, the product in the mold is directionally solidified from the bottom to the top, and the effect of the pouring from the top sprue (not shown) is effectively exerted and defects such as shrinkage cavities are prevented. Further, depending on the shape of the product, it is possible to appropriately provide a riser portion.
The riser part is made the final solidification part by weakening the cooling by increasing the mold wall thickness or not applying water.

Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the back surface of the mold is exposed to the outside, and the water spray of the water cooling head can set a required pattern by opening and closing individual nozzles as shown in FIG. It is possible to realize optimal cooling conditions for the product shape. In addition, the shape of the back surface is a shape that avoids the retention of water and the like, and cooling can be controlled only by spraying conditions such as position, flow rate, and timing. In this embodiment, the case where the cooling is completed within the tact of the casting line is shown. When the cooling time is longer than the tact, a plurality of cooling positions may be arranged in parallel, or the cooling positions may be provided in series for a plurality of tacts.
As described above, in this embodiment, the strongest cooling method in actual operation such as direct water cooling can be selected.

The product is sent to the next product take-out position 1-5 to open the mold. The product sticks to the movable mold with a complicated product shape and is separated from the fixed mold. At this time, when the product is clamped by the take-out device 1-51 and the movable mold is further opened, the product is released from the movable mold and taken out of the line. Further, after this, the cavity surface of the mold is cleaned by air blow or the like (not shown). The mold is sent to the next take-off position 1-6. The mold is a detaching / attaching device 4-21 of the take-out device 4-2.
Then, it is sent to the mold inserting device 4-3 outside the casting line.

The insertion device 4-3 is moved by the control panel 1043 to which a signal according to the casting plan from the instruction device 100 from the control device 10 is transmitted, and this mold is placed in the mold temperature adjusting furnace 4 or the mold storage 5. Transport and insert in place. When the mold temperature is set in the mold temperature adjusting furnace 4, the mold temperature is adjusted using the set casting mold temperature of this mold as a target temperature, and when the mold temperature reaches a predetermined mold temperature, the control panel 1043 returns a set enable signal to the control panel 10. . From the molds that can be set below, a mold according to the casting plan is selected and set on the casting line to continue production. On the other hand, if the casting is not planned for the time being, it is stored in the mold storage 5 and transferred to the mold temperature adjusting furnace when necessary. The mold temperature adjusting furnace 4 is determined by the ratio of the shortest casting cycle to the longest mold temperature adjusting time. For example, if the longest preheating time is 0.5 hours and the shortest cycle is 2 minutes, the number is 15. The adjustment time needs to be several times as long as the cooling time, and is composed of at least a plurality of unit furnaces.

FIG. 8 shows changes in the mold temperature 8a of the conventional mold casting and the mold temperature 8b of the present invention. In the conventional method a, the mold temperature is raised by casting, and after solidification, the product is taken out when it is higher than the mold temperature at the time of casting, and then the casting cycle is set so that it is cooled and the casting temperature is exactly at the casting position. By operating in the casting cycle, the mold temperature at the time of casting is kept at a predetermined value. That is, the casting mold temperature is the lowest mold temperature. In the case of the present invention, in the figure of 8b, the mold temperature at the time of casting is set to be higher than the casting mold temperature of 8a, and after the casting, the mold temperature rises rapidly due to the casting, and the mold temperature lowers rapidly than that at the time of casting. The mold is opened at a warm temperature and the product is taken out. This is because the mold was directly sprayed with water at the cooling position. That is, the mold temperature after mold opening is the lowest. Further, after this, the mold temperature rises gently, but this is because the mold is set in the mold temperature adjusting furnace 4, and finally the casting mold temperature (to be exact, a temperature considering cooling until casting) However, it is adjusted to.

Also, in FIG. 8b, the following mold temperature changes are shown. The difference in the casting time between the molds is the casting cycle, and can be set independently of the temperature change of each mold. At this time, the minimum time is the minimum time required for each process of the casting line. That is, a process longer than this minimum time is
If the process is divided in the shortest time, the casting line can be operated at the shortest time interval as a whole. When the production amount is small, the time to set the next shape on the line may be lengthened by that much, and the setting of the production cycle can be freely selected if it is more than the above minimum time. Further, comparing 8a and 8b, the time from casting to product removal is faster in the case of the present invention, and the results show that cooling can be strengthened as compared with the conventional case.

In the above embodiments, the extrusion pin is not required for taking out the product from the mold, but with a general product, the mold release by extrusion is necessary for stable operation. An example in the case of performing extrusion will be shown. FIG. 9 shows an embodiment of a mold having extrusion pin holes. Movable type 2-2
The boss portion 204, the thick portion 202, and the general portion 203 each have a pin hole 205 through which a push pin can penetrate.

FIG. 10 shows an embodiment of a mold having a split extrusion pin, and shows only the pin portion. A pin hole 205 is opened in the movable mold 2-2, and a split pin 2-2 having a stroke length is formed.
1 is inserted and both ends of the stopper 21-21, 2-2
12 is set, and a restoring spring 2-213 having an operating length equal to or longer than the pushing stroke is set on the back surface side of the mold 2-2.

FIG. 11 shows another embodiment of a die having an extruded portion. The part 2-21 'of the fixed mold 2-2 is pushed out to the fixed mold 2-2 and slidable by the stroke of the opening 2
It is inserted in 05 ', and both ends of the stopper 2-21
1 ′ and 2-212 ′ are configured. In addition, a restoring spring 2 with an operating length of more than the pushing stroke is provided on the back side of the mold 2-2.
213 'is set.

FIG. 12 shows an embodiment of a surface plate having a pushing plate setting mechanism. The same numbers as in FIG. 2 indicate the same contents. The push-out plate 2-3 is set on the setting mechanism 1-1023, and is detachably fixed. The push-out plate 2-3 is provided with a fixed pin 2-31 having a unique pin position and length for each mold.

FIG. 13 shows the mold of FIGS. 9, 10 and 11.
An example of the casting apparatus when set on the surface plate No. 2 will be shown.
The same numbers as in FIG. 1 indicate the same contents. The apparatus of FIG. 1 has a configuration in which a push-out plate attachment / detachment device 2-32 that connects the mold opening position and a push-out plate storage 2-31 and a control device 1023 are added.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 12, the extrusion plate 2-3 suitable for the mold is set at the mold opening position 1-5, and when the mold is opened, the fixing pin 2-31 enters the pin hole 205 in the mold shown in FIG. Then, in the mold of FIGS. 10 and 11, the product is released by hitting the split pin 2-21 or the push-out portion 2-21 '. After releasing the die, the die is advanced, the fixing pin 2-31 is removed from the pin hole in FIG. 9, and the fixing pin 2-31 is released from the split pin 2-21 or the extruded portion 2-21 ′ in FIGS. After that, the push-out plate 2-3 is set by the attaching / detaching device 2-32.
, And prepare for the next set of extrusion plates according to the instruction of the control device 10. When the mold is changed, the extruded plate taken out is stored in the storage 2-31. Further, in the case of the mold of FIG. 9, a sand mold or a plug made of ceramic fiber is set in the hole at the coating mold / core setting position 1-2,
When the mold is opened, it is pushed out together with the product with the fixing pin.

As described above, there is no conventional extruding plate or the like on the back surface of the mold during cooling, and the split extruding pins shown in FIGS. Can be effectively applied. Also,
Since the die structure also does not include an extruding plate, unnecessary heating is not required to raise the temperature in the die temperature adjusting furnace. In addition, the surface plate also has a structure that does not cover the back surface of the mold and does not hinder the freedom of cooling, as in the embodiment of FIG.

The following example shows a case where a general-purpose extrusion plate is used as a surface plate. In this case, the mold shown in FIGS. 10 and 11 is effective. FIG. 14 shows an extruded plate, which is a platen 1.
The push-out plate 2-301 fixed to -10 is provided with a large number of push-out fixing pins 2-3011 at a predetermined pitch. The fixing pin 2-3011 is composed of a lock cylinder composed of a pressure brake or the like, and further has a stroke measuring sensor. Although not shown, locking of these many cylinders, pneumatic or hydraulic equipment that controls expansion and contraction,
It has a control device composed of an electronic control device and the like, and a non-contact coupling means such as infrared rays between this device and the control device 10 of the casting machine.

FIG. 15 shows the operation of FIG. a indicates the mold opening position. The split pin 2-21 is positioned at the retreat end by the restoring spring, is cast, and is cooled using the space on the back surface of the mold. The movable die retracts at b. At this time, the fixed pin 2-3011 is advanced and locked by the control device 10 with a stroke in which only the pin corresponding to this split pin position is set. When the mold retracts, the split pin and the fixed pin come into contact. When the mold is further retracted by c, the split pin is fixed, and the product 7 is projected to the product side and separated from the mold. Further, since it is a general-purpose extruded plate, it is not necessary to attach and detach it.

FIG. 16 shows another embodiment of the universal extrusion plate. The case where the setting from the control device 10 is unnecessary is shown. Although a push-out plate is set on the surface plate, it is configured to move forward with a cylinder or the like, and a indicates a position where the mold before pouring is opened. The movable die 2-2 is retracted to the retracted end, and is advanced until the fixed pin of the push-out plate 2-3 hits the die. The amount of forward movement at this time is recorded in an extrusion controller (not shown). After this, the fixing pin is retracted to leave a space on the back surface of the mold. b shows a mold opening position. Here, the pushing plate is moved forward, and the fixing pin is moved forward from the back surface of the mold at the same position as a. Fixing pin 2-3 that hits the mold split pin here
022, a pin 2-3021 that does not hit is created. Only the pins that did not reach the first recorded amount of advancement now lock the cylinder. That is, the fixed pin 2 that hits the split pin
Only -3022 is fixed. When the mold is opened with c, the push plate is also retracted by the locked fixing pin, reaches the retracted end, and the split pin that hits the locked fixing pin is projected into the mold and the product is released from the mold. Even if the fixed pin operation specifications for each mold are not set in this way,
The operation fixing pin is automatically set by the operation of 6. In this way, even when the extruded plate is fixed to the surface plate, the back surface of the mold is opened during cooling and the required cooling pattern is possible.

Further, an embodiment of the casting apparatus in which the mold clamping and the mold opening mechanism are unnecessary on the surface plate will be shown. FIG. 17 shows the mold clamping device 9 arranged in the mold clamping position. Fixed type clamp 92,
A movable mold clamping mechanism 90 that is movable on the rail 901,
It is composed of a mold clamp cylinder 91. Fixed type 2-1
The mold clamping pins 2-12 and 2-12 'are clamped to the movable mold 2-2, and the mold clamping pins 2-22 and 2-22' are clamped to the movable mold 2-2. It is attached to 2-21, and the stopper 2-21 of the clamp 2-212 is arranged.

In FIG. 18, the mold clamping device is lowered and the clamps 92 and 91 hold the mold. In FIG. 19, the mold is lifted and the mold clamping mechanism is advanced to perform the mold clamping. In FIG. 20, the mold is lowered on the surface plate, the mold clamping clamp cylinder 91 is extended, the clamp 2-212 is rotated counterclockwise, and the tip of the clamp is clamped to the pin 2-11 of the fixed mold to clamp the mold. The mold clamping device is raised, and the mold clamping is completed as shown in FIG. According to this embodiment, the back surface of the mold is completely opened to enhance the cooling effect. Further, this configuration enables more effective cooling.

FIG. 6 shows a cooling device in this case. Type 2
A clamp 311, which clamps the arm, a retractable horizontal arm 312, an elevating device 31 that slidably receives the arm and can elevate a support column 313, and a cooling tank 314 that stores a cooling medium 315 such as water. The mold of FIG. 21 is clamped by the mold alone, and the clamp 311 and the horizontal arm 3 are
12, after being cast by the elevating device 31, it is removed from the surface plate 1-10 and carried to the cooling tank 314, and the elevating device 31 moves the mold 2
Is immersed in the cooling medium 315 to perform cooling. At this time,
The cooling conditions can be freely changed by changing the immersion speed.

FIG. 7 shows another embodiment best suited for this mold clamping, in which the mold 2 connected to the elevating device 302 is surrounded and the lower end is brought into close contact with the surface plate 1-10, and the water supply hose 301 is on the lower side. The cooling frame 30 is connected to. In FIG. 21, the periphery of the mold 2 on the surface plate is completely opened, and when cooling, the cover 30 is lowered and brought into close contact with the surface plate 1-10 to supply water, and the cooling water is accumulated in the cover 30. As with 6, type 2
Will be immersed in cooling water from below and cooled. Also, by adjusting the amount of water supply, the immersion speed can be changed and the cooling conditions can be freely changed.

An embodiment of mold opening in the case of FIG. 21 will be shown. 23 is a front view and FIG. 24 is a plan view. Reference numeral 802 denotes a traveling rail, 801 denotes a cylinder, and FIG. 22 shows a cross section taken along line AA '. In FIG. 22, the mold opening device 8 is a movable clamp 8
0, a fixed clamp 82, a mold clamping opening cylinder 81, and a push plate clamp 83. Other same numbers indicate the same contents. The configuration and operation are similar to those of the mold clamping device.

The operation is shown in FIGS. 25a to 25d. The mold is clamped by ab, the mold clamping clamp opening cylinder 81 is extended, and the clamp 2-212 is rotated clockwise to release the clamp. Lift the mold with c and retract the movable clamp to open the mold. At d, the fixing pin 2-31 of the extrusion plate acts and the product is released from the mold.

FIG. 26 shows another embodiment in which there is no extrusion, and shows a structure in which a holding portion 2-202 is provided in a product cavity 2-201 and a nesting 2-203 having a clamp portion 2-204 is inserted. When releasing, insert the clamp part of the nest,
By releasing the mold by clamping it with the product take-out device at the mold opening position, the mold is released without extrusion. This contributes to opening the back surface of the mold during cooling.

In the above-mentioned embodiments, the casting is the gravity casting in which the molten metal is poured, but an embodiment in which it is applied to the differential pressure casting which is easy to control the filling and is excellent in quality is shown. In FIG. 27, a pressurized gas is introduced into the mold 2 into the airtight furnace 1-33 through the communication pipe 1-331, and the molten metal is pushed up by the differential pressure from the atmosphere via the sprue pipe 1-35 and cast. In general differential pressure casting, the mold 2 cannot be separated from the furnace until solidification. Therefore, in this embodiment, the cooling device 3 is operated on the furnace.

FIG. 28 shows a modification of the embodiment of FIG.
The movable part 2-102 and the working cylinder 2-101 are provided in
After casting, the gate is closed with a cylinder, the mold is taken out of the furnace and cooled. As a result, the limited cooling can be performed on the furnace. However, since it is not possible to replenish the molten metal from the sprue pipe that compensates for shrinkage due to solidification from the sprue, it is necessary to provide a riser inside.

FIG. 29 shows a case where the differential pressure is generated by reducing the pressure on the mold side. The airtight chamber 2-201 and the pressure reducing port 2-20 are shown.
2. A pressure reducing device such as a vacuum pump (not shown). A drop prevention plug composed of a thin tube is set at the sprue part. After casting, depressurization is continued and the surface plate 1-10 and mold 2 are removed from the sprue pipe 1-35. The drop prevention plug part prevents the melt from falling due to the surface tension of the melt, and the mold can be taken out of the furnace sufficiently. Cooling is performed. At this time, since the molten metal in the drop prevention plug portion acts as a pusher, the product yield is improved as compared with FIG.

FIG. 30 shows another embodiment. The same number shows the same content. The spout 21 of the mold 2 has a connecting pipe 1-351.
Is rotatably set and connected to the sprue pipe 1-35. The mold 2 is held by a mold holder 1-302 that rotates around a rotation axis 1-301. In a, the casting is carried out by pushing up from the lower end of the mold 2 and after the filling, the mold is rotated as in b, the gate is brought to the top, pressure is released, and the molten metal in the gate pipe is returned to the furnace. Even if the rear mold is separated from the connecting pipe, the molten metal does not leak. Cooling is performed outside the furnace as necessary and sufficient. As described above, the present invention can be effectively applied to various differential pressure castings. Further, it is also possible to start cooling at the pouring position after pouring, which is effective in shortening the solidification time and promoting directional solidification.

FIG. 31 shows another embodiment. The same numbers as in FIG. 1 indicate the same contents. In the present embodiment, the casting line has a variable pitch configuration in which the number of casting wait dies until casting is minimized, as compared with the embodiment of FIG. 1 in which the casting line has a fixed pitch. The time from the adjusting furnace to the casting can be minimized, and by setting the mold in the middle to 0, the influence of troubles of other molds can be minimized. In the above examples, the coating mold was carried out before casting, but even if it is carried out before the mold temperature adjusting furnace, the coating mold is surely dried and good results are obtained.

The mold temperature adjusting furnace may be an electric furnace using a general heater, but a fluidized bed type adjusting furnace is applicable because the mold is cleaned and the adjusting time can be shortened.
However, in this case the coating type must be before casting. In the conventional method in which the entire connected mold moves with the same tact,
The mold temperature was maintained by holding the line tact for a predetermined time. In some cases, heating and cooling means are installed in the mold, or the temperature is changed by operating it in a specific process.However, since the same tact, the adjustment range is narrow, it is necessary to maintain the line tact, and some trouble may occur. It was only used for a slight modification of the case or to shorten the cycle of the whole line. It was not possible to change the line tact or random tact, or even to mix different products. In the present invention, since the mold temperature is set outside the line, it becomes independent of the line tact, the line tact can be changed freely, and the product can also be changed freely, and it is possible to change it for each casting. Become.

Further, the cooling for solidification of the product after casting does not have this restriction as compared with the cooling for the restriction that the mold temperature after cooling is higher than the casting mold temperature as in the conventional method, so that there is no maximum limitation. Means are applicable. This reduces the solidification time of the product, improves quality and increases the maximum capacity of the casting line. Further, in the conventional method, the casting mold temperature is the minimum mold temperature, and a high setting around the hot water affects the entire line, which causes problems such as the cycle extending, solidification being delayed, and the quality being deteriorated. In the present invention, the setting can be made higher, and strong cooling does not cause the problems of the conventional method. As a result, it becomes possible to cast thinner than before. In addition, the thick coating for keeping warm water at a low mold temperature in the conventional method is not required, and a thin coating for lubrication at the time of releasing the mold is sufficient, and the appearance quality can be improved.

Further, since the die is also thin-walled with the back surface exposed, and the mold clamping mechanism and the pushing mechanism are also structured to release the back surface, it is possible to apply cooling from the back surface according to the part of the product, It is also possible to directly contact a cooling medium such as, etc., and by promoting directional solidification and increasing solidification rate, high quality products can be manufactured.

Further, since cooling can be applied in a pattern corresponding to the product, it is possible to cope with the structure of the mold such as local cooling, local heat retention or arranging heat capacity for each part as in the conventional case, and mold temperature during casting. Does not have to have a temperature pattern that matches the shape of the product, and the mold itself has a simple structure with a small heat capacity and a uniform temperature. Therefore, the mold distortion is smaller than that of the conventional method, and the occurrence of burrs and the like is suppressed. Further, since the pattern can be freely changed in cooling, quality can be secured in the case of a new product by changing the cooling pattern, and it is possible to reduce the time-consuming and costly mold modification as in the conventional case. As for the line structure, the mold is thinner and lighter than before, so handling is easy and simple.

Further, the present invention can be applied not only when the casting is performed by gravity but also when it is pushed up by differential pressure, and it is possible to manufacture a high quality product by the advantage of the differential pressure casting with less disturbance and the strong cooling. .

[0050]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, the temperature of the mold is adjusted in the furnace and immediately after casting, it is cooled with a cooling medium such as water. There is also an advantage that there are few. Also, the product is sufficiently cooled,
There is no need for a conventional cooling tank after removal. Further, since the cooling after the casting is intensively performed by the cooling medium, the heat can be easily recovered, which is advantageous in utilizing the waste heat. Further, as described above, since the mold has a simple structure and the product is solidified by the cooling device, the mold design is easy and the production preparation can be shortened. Also,
Since solidification can be controlled by external cooling, there are few restrictions on the shape of the product itself, and it is possible to manufacture products with lightweight parts. The mold does not have a complicated cooling system or extrusion mechanism, so maintenance is easy in actual operation.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of a casting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

2 is a configuration diagram of a surface plate in FIG. 1, a is a plan view, FIG.
b is the sectional view on the AA 'line of a.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the mold in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram of the cooling device in FIG. 1, in which a is a plan view and b is a side view.

5A and 5B are configuration diagrams of a cooling device of another system, in which a is a rear view and b is a side view.

FIG. 6 is a side view of another type of cooling device.

FIG. 7 is a side view of still another cooling device.

FIG. 8 is a graph showing a mold temperature, a shows a mold temperature of a conventional casting, and b shows a mold temperature of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a mold having an extrusion pin hole.

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a mold including a split extrusion pin.

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of a mold having an extruded portion.

FIG. 12 is a configuration diagram of a surface plate provided with a pushing plate setting mechanism, in which a is a plan view and b is a sectional view taken along line AA ′ of a.

13 is an overall configuration diagram of a casting device when the molds of FIGS. 9, 10 and 11 are set on the surface plate of FIG.

14A and 14B are configuration diagrams of an extrusion plate, in which a is a sectional view and b is a front view.

15 is a cross-sectional view showing the operation of the push plate of FIG.
“A” indicates a mold opening position, “b” indicates a state in which the movable mold is retracted, and “c” indicates a state in which the mold is further retracted to project the product.

FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view showing the operation of another general-purpose extrusion plate,
“A” indicates a mold open state, “b” indicates a state where the movable mold has advanced, and “c” indicates a state where the mold is open.

FIG. 17 is a configuration diagram of the mold clamping device, in which a is a plan view and b is a side view.

FIG. 18 is a side view of the mold clamping device in a lowered state.

FIG. 19 is a side view showing a state where the mold clamping device lifts the mold.

FIG. 20 is a side view showing a state in which the mold clamping device clamps the mold.

FIG. 21 is a side view showing a state where the mold clamping is completed.

22 is a cross-sectional view (cross-sectional view taken along the line AA ′ of FIG. 24) of the mold opening device.

23 is a front view of the mold opening device in FIG. 22. FIG.

24 is a plan view of the mold opening device in FIG. 22. FIG.

FIG. 25 shows the operation of the apparatus of FIG. 22, showing a state where the mold is clamped at ab, a state where the mold is lifted at c, and a state where the product is released from the mold at d.

FIG. 26 is a side view of another embodiment of the mold opening device when there is no extrusion.

FIG. 27 is a sectional view of a casting apparatus in the case of differential pressure casting.

FIG. 28 is a sectional view of an improved example of the casting apparatus in the case of the differential pressure casting of FIG. 27.

FIG. 29 is a cross-sectional view of the casting apparatus when the differential pressure is generated by reducing the pressure on the mold side.

FIG. 30 is a cross-sectional view of a casting apparatus in another differential pressure casting, where a is a cast state, b is a state in which the mold is rotated,
Each is shown.

FIG. 31 is an overall configuration diagram of a casting apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Casting line (casting line) 1-1 type set position 1-2 Coating type, core setting position 1-3 Casting position 1-4 Cooling position 1-5 Product removal and cleaning position 1-6 Mold removal position 1-7 Return position Type 2 3 Cooling device Type 4 temperature control furnace 5 type storage 10 Control device

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (58) Fields surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B22D 47/00 B22C 9/06 B22D 18/06 509 B22D 33/00

Claims (6)

(57) [Claims] 1. A casting line equipped with a detachable mold, a casting device, forced cooling means such as water cooling, and a mold temperature adjusting furnace , wherein the mold temperature adjusting furnace is provided outside the casting line. Provided
The mold temperature control furnace described above
It has an elemental furnace for heat , and inserts and removes molds between the casting line and each of the elemental furnaces.
A casting apparatus , in which a die setting device of a delivery mechanism is arranged . 2. A mold temperature adjusting furnace and a mold inserting / extracting device.
The casting apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a die storage means for storing a plurality of dies, which is connected by the die insertion device. 3. A set panel for holding and sequentially outputting the input casting plan and a set value of the mold temperature of the mold temperature adjusting furnace are input, and the presence or absence of the mold of each elemental furnace, the type of the mold, and the set mold temperature are reached. The mold temperature adjusting furnace control panel that outputs the element furnace position, etc., the position of the take-out mold according to the pouring plan, the take-out device control panel that controls the take-out carriage, the line speed based on the pouring plan, A pouring line control panel that outputs the type of pouring completed, a pouring device control panel that inputs the pouring weight, a cooling device control panel that inputs cooling conditions such as water cooling time pattern, position pattern, etc. Control panel of the mold take-out device that conveys according to the input destination, mold inserter control that inserts the taken-out mold into the mold temperature control furnace or storage according to the input or transfers it from the storage to the mold temperature control furnace 2. A control system comprising: a control board, a casting plan, and a casting control device for inputting the output of each control board and outputting a set value or the like to each control board.
Alternatively, the casting apparatus according to claim 2. 4. The mold is set in a mold temperature adjusting furnace provided outside the casting line and heated to a predetermined temperature, and the mold is set at the pouring position of the casting line when it coincides with the pouring timing, Set the core etc. in the mold, cast the molten metal into the mold, cool the mold by forced cooling means such as water after the casting to solidify the product, take out the product, and leave the mold on the casting line Is reinserted into the mold temperature control furnace outside the casting line. 5. The casting method according to claim 4, wherein the die after casting is conveyed to a die temperature adjusting furnace or a die storage according to a casting plan thereafter. 6. The casting method according to claim 4, wherein the casting die temperature is set higher than the product take-out die temperature in casting in which a die is circulated.