JP3454283B2 - Seawater battery - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a seawater battery, and more particularly to a seawater battery using magnesium or magnesium alloy as a cathode and oxygen dissolved in seawater as an anodizing agent. .

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Seawater batteries that use magnesium or magnesium alloy as the cathode and oxygen dissolved in seawater as the anodic oxidizer can discharge for a long period of time, so they can be used for marine marker lights, buoy lights and fish catching fish. It is used as a power source for lights.

The conventional structure of such a seawater battery is shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 3, a spacer 3 is interposed between an anode 1 made of a copper net and a cathode 2 made of a magnesium alloy plate so as not to become a resistance when passing seawater, and they are opposed to each other.
It is stored in a container, and is immersed in seawater to make the battery case 4
Seawater is injected from the seawater inlet provided in the anode, electromotive force is generated by the reduction reaction on the surface of the anode 1, and hydrogen generated by the reaction is discharged from the gas outlet provided in the battery case 4. is there. Reference numeral 10 is an anode lead wire electrically connected to the anode 1, and 11 is a cathode lead wire electrically connected to the cathode 2.

[0004]

The above-mentioned seawater battery can prolong the discharge duration, but the amount of oxygen dissolved in seawater is as small as about 5 to 10 ml / l, and the seawater battery faces the cathode 2. Since the surface area of the anode 1 is small, there is a problem that the discharge is limited to a small current.

Further, in the above-mentioned seawater battery, the anode 1 itself is not consumed by the reduction reaction, while the cathode 2 is consumed by the oxidation reaction. Therefore, the entire battery must be replaced just by exhausting the cathode 2. However, there was a problem that it was not economically preferable.

Further, in the above-mentioned seawater battery, since the connecting portion between the cathode 2 and the cathode lead wire 11 cannot be made watertight, when seawater enters this connecting portion, the consumption of the cathode 2 progresses at that portion and the cathode 2 Was separated from the cathode lead wire 11.

On the other hand, the cathode 2 may not be uniformly consumed due to non-uniformity of oxygen concentration in seawater, adherence of suspended matter in seawater, crystal structure of the cathode 2 itself, etc. In the case where is significant, the part connected to the cathode lead wire 11 and the part not connected to the cathode lead wire 11 are separated, and the former contributes to the discharge as much as possible, while the latter contributes to the discharge. There was a problem that the discharge stopped without doing so.

[0008]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a disk-shaped lower frame having an anode insulating material provided on the upper surface of the peripheral edge or a disk-shaped lower frame having an anode insulating material provided on the lower surface of the peripheral edge. In the upper frame of, the holding portion for holding the columnar cathode in the center of one frame, the opening for inserting the columnar cathode in the center of the other frame is provided, dissolved in seawater A plate-shaped anode for reducing oxygen is sandwiched in an annular shape between the anode insulator of the lower frame and the anode insulator of the upper frame, and the columnar cathode has a cored bar on at least one end face. The cathode is inserted, and the cathode is inserted from the opening so that one end surface is located in the holding portion via the cathode insulator, and the cathode insulator is arranged on the other end surface to form the opening. It is held so that it fits into the A groove is formed on the end surface of the cathode to which the cathode lead wire is connected and / or the side surface near the end surface, and at least the end surface and the end surface of the columnar cathode to which the cathode lead wire is connected. A synthetic resin is injected between the vicinity and the cathode insulator to reduce oxygen dissolved in seawater to obtain an electromotive force.

[0009]

Therefore, according to the present invention, since one end face of the cathode is located in the holding portion via the cathode insulator and the cathode insulator is arranged on the other end face and fitted into the opening, the cathode is When exhausted, the exhausted cathode can be easily replaced by removing the cathode insulator.

Further, according to the present invention, since a cored bar is fitted on at least one end surface of the columnar cathode and a cathode lead wire is connected to the cored bar, a decrease in capacity of the cathode due to the cored bar is minimized. The uneven consumption can be reduced, and the ratio of the cathode contributing to the discharge can be increased.

Further, according to the present invention, the groove is formed on the end face of the cathode and / or the side face near the end face, and the synthetic resin is injected between the end face and the vicinity of the end face and the cathode insulator. It is possible to prevent seawater from entering the portion of the cathode into which the core metal is fitted, and to secure contact with this portion of the core metal to improve conductivity.

[0012]

EXAMPLES The present invention will be described below based on examples.

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of the seawater battery of the present invention.
The parts having the same functions as are given the same reference numerals.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 is a net made of a metal such as nickel, copper, silver or the like having a relatively small ionization tendency, or an alloy mainly composed of these metals, and an expanded metal.
A plurality of or a plurality of layers are stacked to form an annular shape between the anode insulator 81 provided on the lower surface of the peripheral edge of the upper frame 71 made of synthetic resin and the anode insulator 82 provided on the upper surface of the peripheral edge of the lower frame 72 made of synthetic resin. The held anode 2 is a cathode made of a metal having a relatively large ionization tendency such as magnesium, aluminum, zinc, lead or the like or an alloy mainly containing these metals. The cathode 2 is formed by processing the metal or alloy into a columnar shape. Then, the cored bar 12 is inserted by being punched in the center of the lower end surface thereof, and the lower end thereof is positioned so that the upper end surface thereof is located in the holding portion 7A provided in the center of the upper frame 71 via the cathode insulator 9A. The frame 72 is inserted through the opening 7B provided at the center of the other side, and a cathode insulator 9B is arranged on the lower end surface of the frame 72 and is held so as to fit into the opening 7B.

The anode lead wire 10 is connected to a part of the anode insulator 82 which holds the anode 1, and the cathode lead wire 11 is connected to the core metal 12 fitted in the cathode 2.

A groove 16 is formed on the side surface near the end surface of the cathode 2 to which the cathode lead wire 11 is connected, and at least the end surface of the cathode 2 to which the cathode lead wire 11 is connected and the vicinity of this end surface and the cathode. Synthetic resin 13 is injected between the insulator 9A and seawater to prevent seawater from entering.

Next, FIG. 2 is a sectional view of another embodiment of the present invention, in which groove portions 16A and 16B are formed on the end face of the cathode 2 to which the cathode lead wire 11 is connected and the side face in the vicinity of the end face. Other than that is the same as the seawater battery of FIG. 1, and it is possible to more reliably prevent seawater from entering the connection portion between the cathode 2 and the cathode lead wire 11.

In the method of fitting the cored bar 12 in each of the above-mentioned embodiments, the cathode 2 processed into a columnar shape has a melting point of 20 to 60%.
It is preferable to use a shrink fitting method in which the cored bar 12 is inserted after heating up to the point where the bored holes are enlarged and then the cored bar 12 is cooled.

In the above-mentioned battery of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 3, the bored holes are made to have an inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of the cored bar 12, and zinc is partially or entirely formed on the outer periphery of the cored bar 12. ,
When the cored bar 12 is fitted into the hole after mounting the cylinder 14 made of aluminum, tin, iron, or lead, the cored bar 12 can improve the conductivity between the cathode 2 and the cored bar 12. In this case, it goes without saying that the same applies when the cylinder 14 is fitted into the bored hole in advance and then the core metal 12 is fitted.

Further, in the above-described battery of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 4, the inner diameter of the bored hole and the outer diameter of the cored bar 12 are made substantially equal to each other, and a part or all of the outer periphery of the cored bar 12 is made of zinc, A conductive resin 15A having aluminum, tin, iron or lead as a carrier is molded, a conductive paint 15B having fine powder made of the metal as a carrier is applied, or a soft solder 15C made of an alloy of the metal is melted. Needless to say, it is the same when worn.

Although all the above-mentioned cores 12 have a cylindrical shape, they may have a cylindrical shape, so that the force applied to the core 12 at the time of fitting can be reduced, and the fitting can be done. It can be done easily.

On the other hand, although the upper frame 71 and the lower frame 72 are made of synthetic resin, they may be made of a metal material with an insulating coating.

Next, as the above-mentioned battery of the present invention, a magnesium rod having a radius of 2.5 cm is used for the columnar cathode 2, and the anode 1 made of a copper net having an effective height of 30 cm is annularly formed at a position 25 cm from the center. 1 in which the apparent working area of the anode 1 is set to 5 times the working area of the cathode 2 as a conventional battery, the same weight as the cathode 2 of the battery of the present invention and the cathode 2 and the cathode 2 Anode 1 having the same area as
5 and 5 are opposed to each other with a spacing of 5 mm with the spacer 3 interposed therebetween.
Each of them has an oxygen concentration of about 10
When it was immersed in seawater of ml / l and discharged at 200 mA, the discharge voltage of the battery of the present invention was higher than the discharge voltage of the conventional battery, and the discharge duration of the battery of the present invention was 1.5 times the discharge duration of the conventional battery. It turns out to double. Here, the apparent working area of the anode 1 is the surface area of the anode 1 as the reduction reaction is performed on the surface thereof.

Next, when the cathode insulator 9B of the battery of the present invention used in the above test was detached and the cathode 2 was taken out, it was found that the cathode 2 was almost completely consumed except for the core metal 12. When the cathode 2 was attached together with the new core metal 12 and the same test was performed, the same result as the above test was obtained.

Further, when the connection portion between the cathode 2 and the cathode lead wire 11 of the battery of the present invention after being subjected to the above-mentioned test was disassembled and investigated, no intrusion of seawater was observed.

In the battery of the present invention described above, the discharge duration can be lengthened by increasing the apparent working area of the anode 1 with respect to the working area of the cathode 2, but if it is made too large, the electric resistance of seawater will be increased. Since it becomes large, the upper limit is preferably about 10 times.

In the above-mentioned battery of the present invention, the anode 1 is made of a net or expanded metal made of a metal such as nickel as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, or an alloy mainly containing these metals. Although not shown, the metal plate or an alloy plate mainly containing these metals is used as the anode 1
The upper frame 71 and the lower frame 72 may be provided with holes for inflow and outflow of seawater. In this case, since the anode 1 is not a net or expanded metal, seagrass or the like adheres to it. It is possible to eliminate the hindrance of discharge.

[0028]

As described above, according to the present invention, the discharge current of a seawater battery using oxygen dissolved in seawater as an anodizing agent can be increased, and a metal core is provided on at least one end surface of the cathode. Since the cathode is inserted and the cathode can be easily replaced, the core metal can efficiently discharge the battery.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of an embodiment of a seawater battery of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the seawater battery of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a main part of a cathode used in an example of the seawater battery of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of essential parts of a cathode used in an example of the seawater battery of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional seawater battery.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 anode 2 cathode 71 Upper frame part 72 Lower frame 7A holding part 7B opening 81 Anode insulator 82 Anode insulator 9A cathode insulator 9B cathode insulator 10 Anode lead wire 11 Cathode lead wire 12 core metal 13 synthetic resin 16 groove 16A groove 16B groove

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A columnar cathode is provided in the center of one of a disk-shaped lower frame having an anode insulator provided on the upper surface of the peripheral edge or a disk-shaped upper frame having an anode insulator provided on the lower surface of the peripheral edge. The holding portion for holding is provided with an opening for inserting the columnar cathode in the center of the other frame, and the plate-shaped anode for reducing oxygen dissolved in seawater is the lower frame. Between the anode insulator and the anode insulator of the upper frame in an annular shape, the columnar cathode has at least one end face fitted with a core metal, and this cathode has one end face. Inserted from the opening so as to be located in the holding portion through the cathode insulator, and by holding the cathode insulator on the other end surface, the cathode metal is held so as to be fitted into the opening and the core metal is provided. Cathode lead wire connected, this cathode lead wire connected cathode A groove is formed on the end surface and / or a side surface near the end surface, and a synthetic resin is injected between the cathode insulator and at least the end surface of the columnar cathode to which the cathode lead wire is connected and the vicinity of the end surface. , A seawater battery characterized by reducing oxygen dissolved in seawater to obtain an electromotive force. 2. The seawater battery according to claim 1, wherein a cylinder made of zinc, aluminum, tin, iron, or lead is attached to a part or all of the space between the core metal and the cathode. 3. A soft resin formed of a conductive resin having zinc, aluminum, tin, iron, or lead as a carrier, coated with a conductive coating, or made of an alloy of the above-mentioned metals on a part or all of the space between the core metal and the cathode. Claim 1 wherein the wax is fused
The seawater battery according to the item.