JP3447149B2 - Drilling control device - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a drilling control device for a drilling machine used for tunnel excavation or the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, a drilling machine used for rock excavation is equipped with a hydraulically driven striking mechanism, a rotating mechanism, and a feeding mechanism. The striking mechanism strikes a drilling rod to rotate it. The mechanism applies rotation to the drilling rod, and the feed mechanism applies thrust to the drilling rod to drill the rock. Conventionally, the striking mechanism, the rotating mechanism, and the feeding mechanism have been driven by independent hydraulic circuits, as shown in FIG.

In this punching machine, a hydraulic pump 7 for impact is used.
4, the rotary hydraulic pump 75 and the feed hydraulic pump 76 are driven by the electric motor 77, and the striking mechanism 71,
The necessary pressure oil is supplied to the rotating mechanism 72 and the feeding mechanism 73. The pressure oil discharged from the striking hydraulic pump 74 is sent to the striking mechanism 71 via the striking valve block 78. A striking relief valve 79 is provided in the striking valve block 78. The perforation selection valve 80 and the counter boring selection valve 81 are provided in the drain line of the impact relief valve 79.
Is provided, and a relief valve 82 for counter boring that controls the counter boring percussion impact pressure is provided on the downstream side of the counter boring perforation selection valve 81.
Is provided.

The pressure oil discharged from the rotary hydraulic pump 75 is sent to the rotary mechanism 72 via the rotary valve block 83. In the rotation valve block 83, a rotation relief valve 84, a rotation state switching valve 85, and a rotation direction switching valve 86 are provided from the upstream side. Rotation state switching valve 85
A flow rate adjusting valve 88 for controlling the rotation speeds at the time of punching and pulling out is provided in the passage communicating with the tank 87 from the tank.

The pressure oil discharged from the feed hydraulic pump 76 is sent to the feed mechanism 73 via the boom control valve 89 and the feed valve block 90. Since the boom operation and the boring are not performed at the same time, the pressure oil discharged from the feed hydraulic pump 76 is supplied to the full-volume feed mechanism 73 during the boring operation. In the feed valve block 90, a feed relief valve 91, a feed state switching valve 92, and a feed direction switching valve 93 are provided from the upstream side. A thrust adjusting relief valve 94 for controlling the thrust at the time of punching and pulling out is provided in the passage communicating from the feed state switching valve 92 to the tank 87.

Further, a pressure switch 95 is provided in the forward passage of the rotating mechanism 72 to detect an abnormal increase in the rotating pressure caused by an increase in the rotating resistance due to a change in the condition of the rock mass during drilling, It is possible to control to stop the impact and stop the feeding or reverse the feeding direction.

[0007]

However, in this drilling machine, since only the impact is stopped and the feed is stopped or the feed direction is switched by the increase of the rotation pressure, it is possible to cope with the change of the rotation resistance. The thrust and striking force cannot be changed appropriately. Each hydraulic pump 74, 7
Nos. 5 and 76 are constant-capacity hydraulic pumps having a capacity matching the required oil amount of each mechanism, and constantly discharge a constant pressure oil regardless of whether each mechanism is operating, When the striking, rotating, and feeding mechanisms 71, 72, 73 are in the operating state, when the pressure oil supplied to the mechanisms 71, 72, 73 exceeds the set pressure of the respective relief valves 79, 84, 91, Since it is switched to the return side, pressure oil cannot be appropriately distributed among the striking, rotating, and feeding mechanisms according to the drilling state, resulting in a large energy loss.

Further, since the impact hydraulic pump 74, the rotary hydraulic pump 75, and the feed hydraulic pump 76 each require piping, the number of parts increases and the number of failure occurrence points increases, so that assembly and maintenance work is required. It is troublesome. The present invention is to solve the above problems in the control of a drilling machine, and strikes, rotates,
An object of the present invention is to provide a perforation control device capable of appropriately distributing pressure oil to each feeding mechanism and improving perforation capability and energy efficiency.

[0009]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a punching machine provided with a hydraulically driven striking mechanism, a rotating mechanism, and a feed mechanism, in which the striking high-pressure passage of the striking mechanism is connected to a hydraulic pump for striking. The low-pressure passage is connected to the tank, and the normal rotation-side passage and the reverse-rotation-side passage of the rotating mechanism are branched from the high-pressure passage for impact through the rotation direction switching valve, and the return for rotation is branched from the low-pressure passage for impact. The feed mechanism is connected to a passage, and the forward passage and the backward passage of the feed mechanism are connected to a feed operation passage branched from a high-pressure impact passage and a return passage branched from a low-pressure impact passage through a feed direction switching valve. A rotary flow rate adjusting valve is provided in the middle of the rotation working passage, a feed pressure reducing valve is provided in the middle of the forward passage, and the backward passage and the forward passage are connected by a communication passage. Communication side to the communication passage when the striking mechanism is activated Solves the above problems by providing a switching is a pilot switching valve communicating with the flow regulating valve.

A more appropriate control can be performed by using a variable displacement pump as the hydraulic pump.

[0011]

When the punching operation is started, the punching operation causes pressure oil to be supplied from the hydraulic pump to the high-pressure passage for striking of the striking mechanism, thereby operating the striking mechanism. Further, pressure oil is supplied to the rotating mechanism from the high-pressure impact passage through the rotating operation passage, the rotation direction switching valve, and the normal rotation side passage, and the rotating mechanism operates. The rotation speed of the rotating mechanism is controlled by the rotation flow rate adjusting valve. Furthermore, pressure oil is supplied from the high-pressure impact passage through the feed operation passage, the feed direction switching valve, and the forward passage to the feed mechanism, and the feed mechanism operates. The thrust of the feed mechanism is set by the feed pressure reducing valve.

When the boring operation is performed, the pilot switching valve is switched, and the forward rotation side passage of the rotating mechanism and the backward passage of the feeding mechanism communicate with each other through the communication passage. by this,
The actual thrust of the feed mechanism is determined by the difference between the pressure in the forward passage of the feed mechanism and the pressure in the forward rotation passage of the rotating mechanism. The feed rate is controlled by adjusting the communication flow rate adjusting valve of the communication passage.

When the rock mass changes during drilling to increase the rotational resistance, the pressure in the forward rotation side passage of the rotating mechanism rises, so the difference from the pressure in the forward side passage of the feeding mechanism decreases, and the feeding mechanism Reduce the thrust of. When the rotation resistance further increases and the pressure in the forward rotation side passage of the rotation mechanism rises, and there is no difference with the pressure in the forward movement side passage of the feed mechanism, the thrust of the feed mechanism becomes 0 and the forward movement is stopped and rotation When the pressure in the forward passage of the mechanism further rises and exceeds the pressure in the forward passage of the feed mechanism, the feed mechanism starts retreating.

When the rotational resistance decreases and the pressure in the forward rotation side passage of the rotating mechanism returns to normal, the thrust of the feed mechanism also returns to normal.
Further, when the pressure in the normal rotation side passage of the rotating mechanism rises, the flow rate of the rotating working passage decreases, and the supply of pressure oil to the striking mechanism increases, so that the striking force increases. When there is no impact such as hole cleaning or rod retraction, the pilot switching valve shuts off the communication passage, and the hydraulic fluid of the feed mechanism does not pass through the communication flow rate adjustment valve, but goes from the retraction side passage to the feed direction switching valve and the feed return passage. Since it returns to the tank via the low-pressure passage for striking, the flow rate is increased compared to that at the time of striking, and the thrust and feed speed of the feed mechanism can be operated at maximum, and work such as hole cleaning and rod recovery can be performed quickly.

When a variable displacement pump is used as the hydraulic pump, excess energy is avoided by controlling the maximum discharge amount so that the relief valve provided in the circuit does not operate during perforation. This maximum discharge rate control is
It is performed only when the striking action is selected.

[0016]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 is a hydraulic circuit diagram of a punching control device according to an embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the drilling machine comprises a hydraulically driven striking mechanism 1, a rotating mechanism 2 and a feed mechanism 3. High-pressure passage 1 for striking the striking mechanism 1
1 is a hydraulic pump 4 via a perforation selection pilot valve 14.
And the low-pressure passage 12 for striking is connected to the tank 5.

A pilot pressure oil supply passage 17 for branching from the upstream side of the perforation selection pilot valve 14 of the high-pressure impact passage 11 to supply pressure oil to a pilot operating portion (not shown) is a pilot pressure oil supply port. A pilot pressure reducing valve 18 is provided in the pilot pressure oil supply passage 17, which is connected to Pr. Also, the high-pressure passage 1 for striking
1, the main relief valve 13 and the impact relief valve 1
5, the striking pilot valve 16 is connected.

The perforation selection pilot valve 14 allows the striking mechanism 1 and the hydraulic pump 4 to communicate with each other by the pilot pressure supplied from the perforation pilot port DPr to the perforation pilot line 41 by selecting the perforation by the pilot operating portion. Can be switched to. The striking pilot valve 16 is
The striking mechanism 1 is switched from OFF to ON. Hydraulic pump 4
Is a variable displacement pump, the discharge amount of which changes with the pilot pressure supplied from the drilling pilot port DPr,
The discharge amount becomes the minimum when the pilot pressure is not generated, and the discharge amount is increased when the pilot pressure is generated and the perforation is started.

Further, a soft rock drilling line 44 provided with a soft rock drilling relief valve 42 for controlling soft rock drilling and a soft rock drilling pilot valve 43 branching from the drilling pilot line 41 is connected to the drain port Dr. Has been done. When high impact pressure is not required for soft rock drilling, the soft rock drilling is selected by the pilot operation unit, and the pilot pressure from the soft rock drilling pilot port SPL is used to switch the soft rock drilling pilot valve 43, and the soft rock drilling relief valve 42 is used. The pressure of the drilling pilot line 41 is reduced to suppress the discharge amount of the hydraulic pump 4.

The normal rotation side passage 21 and the reverse rotation side passage 22 of the rotating mechanism 2 are branched from the high-pressure impact passage 11 and the low-pressure impact passage 12 via the rotation direction switching valve 23. It is connected to the return passage 25 for rotation. A rotary flow rate adjusting valve 26 is provided in the middle of the rotary working passage 24.
Is provided, and the rotation speed of the rotation mechanism 2 is controlled by the rotation flow rate adjusting valve 26.

The rotation direction switching valve 23 is switched by switching the forward rotation pilot port RFPr and the reverse rotation pilot port RR.
It is performed with the pilot pressure supplied to Pr and. The forward passage 31 and the backward passage 32 of the feeding mechanism 3 are connected to each other through the electromagnetic switching valve 36 and the feeding direction switching valve 33, and the high-pressure impact passage 11 is provided.
Feed working passage 34 and impact low pressure passage 12 branched from the
It is connected to a return passage 35 for feeding which is branched from.
Feeding operation passage 34 branched from the impact high pressure passage 11
Is configured to enter the boom control section (not shown) from the boom port BP and return to the port BN during the operation, so that the feed mechanism 3 can be operated even during the boom operation.
A bypass 39 having an orifice 38 is connected to the high-pressure impact passage 11.

The external hydraulic pressure utilization port E is used to enable boom operation and the like by external hydraulic pressure such as engine driving hydraulic pressure. A feed pressure reducing valve 37 is provided in the middle of the forward passage 31, and the thrust of the feed mechanism is set by the feed pressure reducing valve 37. The set pressure of the feed pressure reducing valve 37 is a high pressure feed relief valve 45 connected to the drilling pilot line 41 during normal drilling, and a low pressure feed relief valve 46 connected to the soft rock drilling line 44 during soft rock drilling. Controlled.

Further, via the feed pressure adjusting port RC,
The pilot operating portion is provided with a relief valve (not shown) for adjusting the feed pressure, and the feed pressure can be adjusted within the pressure range of the high-pressure feed relief valve 45 or the low-pressure feed relief valve 46. The forward direction pilot port FFPr and the reverse direction pilot port FR are switched by switching the feed direction switching valve 23.
It is performed with the pilot pressure supplied to Pr and.

The electromagnetic switching valve 36 is for ensuring safety by switching the feeding mechanism 3 to the backward side by an electric signal in the case of an abnormal drilling such as insufficient water. The backward passage 32 of the feed mechanism 3 and the forward rotation passage 21 of the rotating mechanism 2 are connected by a communication passage 6, and the communication passage 6 is supplied from the drilling pilot port DPr to the drilling pilot line 41. A pilot switching valve 61 and a communication flow rate adjusting valve 62, which are switched to the communication side by the pilot pressure, are provided.

When performing the boring operation, the boom is first operated to position it. In this case, the pressure oil discharged from the hydraulic pump 4 enters the boom control unit from the boom port BP, drives the boom actuator with this pressure oil to move the boom, and then feeds the port BN. Direction switching valve 33
Return to tank 5 via. When the drilling operation is started by the pilot operating portion when the drilling is started after the positioning, the pilot line 41 for the drilling is opened from the pilot port DPr for the drilling.
Pilot selection pilot valve 14 with pilot pressure supplied to
Is switched so that the striking mechanism 1 and the hydraulic pump 4 communicate with each other, and the striking pilot valve 16 switches the striking mechanism 1 from OFF to ON. Therefore, pressure oil is supplied from the hydraulic pump 4 to the high-pressure passage 11 for striking the striking mechanism 1, and the striking mechanism 1
Works. The pilot pressure supplied from the drilling pilot port DPr to the drilling pilot line 41 increases the discharge amount of the hydraulic pump 4, and at the same time switches the pilot switching valve 61 so that the communication passage 6 communicates.

The impact relief valve 15 determines the maximum pressure of the impact mechanism 1. As a characteristic of the impact mechanism 1, the impact pressure is determined by the amount of impact oil. Therefore, the impact pressure can be lowered by reducing the amount of oil supplied to the high-pressure impact passage 11. Therefore, it is possible to avoid consuming extra hydraulic pressure by adjusting the maximum discharge amount of the hydraulic pump 4 so that the amount discharged from the impact relief valve 15 to the impact low pressure passage 12 side is almost zero.

When the rock is soft and does not require high-pressure impact, when the soft rock piercing operation is performed by the pilot operating portion, the pilot valve 43 for soft rock piercing is switched by the pilot pressure from the pilot port SPL for soft rock piercing, and the soft rock piercing pilot valve 43 is switched. Since the pilot line 41 for drilling is connected to the drain port Dr via the relief valve 42, the relief valve 42 for drilling soft rock reduces the pressure in the pilot line 41 for drilling. With this, the discharge amount of the hydraulic pump 4 is suppressed, and the impact pressure of the impact mechanism 1 is reduced.

As described above, when piercing soft rock, pressure oil is not relieved from the impact relief valve 15 to suppress the discharge amount of the hydraulic pump, so that it is possible to avoid consuming extra hydraulic pressure. You can The rotation direction switching valve 23 is switched to the normal rotation side, and pressure oil is supplied from the high-pressure passage 11 for striking to the rotation mechanism 2 via the rotation operation passage 24, the rotation direction switching valve 23, and the normal rotation side passage 21. 2 works. Return oil of the rotating mechanism 2 returns to the tank 5 via the reverse rotation side passage 22, the rotation direction switching valve 23, the rotation return passage 25, and the striking low pressure passage 12. The rotation speed of the rotating mechanism 2 is controlled by the rotation flow rate adjusting valve 26.

Further, the pressure oil in the high-pressure striking passage 11 enters the boom control section from the boom port BP, and enters the port B.
Pressure oil is supplied to the feed mechanism 3 through the N, the feed operation passage 34, the feed direction switching valve 33, and the forward passage 31 to operate the feed mechanism 3. The thrust of the feed mechanism 3 is set by the pressure reducing valve 37. At this time, since the pilot switching valve 61 is switched so that the communication passage 6 is in communication, the backward passage 32 of the feed mechanism 3 is connected to the forward rotation passage 21 of the rotation mechanism 2 and the communication passage 6.
Communicate with. As a result, the actual thrust of the feed mechanism 3 depends on the pressure in the forward passage 31 of the feed mechanism 3 and the rotation mechanism 2
Is determined by the difference between the pressure in the normal rotation side passage 21 and The feed rate is controlled by adjusting the communication flow rate adjusting valve 62 in the communication passage 6.

When the rock mass changes during drilling and the rotation resistance increases, the pressure in the forward rotation side passage 21 of the rotation mechanism 2 rises, so the difference from the pressure in the forward movement side passage 31 of the feed mechanism 3 decreases. Then, the thrust of the feed mechanism 3 is reduced. When the rotation resistance further increases and the pressure in the forward rotation side passage 21 of the rotation mechanism 2 rises and there is no difference with the pressure in the forward movement side passage 31 of the feed mechanism 3, the thrust of the feed mechanism 3 becomes 0 and the forward movement is performed. When the pressure in the forward rotation side passage 21 of the rotation mechanism 2 further rises and exceeds the pressure in the forward movement side passage 31 of the feed mechanism 3, the feed mechanism 3 starts retreating.

When the rotational resistance decreases and the pressure in the normal rotation side passage 21 of the rotating mechanism 2 returns to normal, the thrust of the feed mechanism 3 also returns to normal. When the pressure in the normal rotation side passage 21 of the rotating mechanism 2 rises, the flow rate of the rotating working passage 24 decreases, and the supply of pressure oil to the striking mechanism 1 increases, so that the striking force increases.

In addition, during non-striking such as hole cleaning or rod retreat, the pilot pressure supplied from the drilling pilot port DPr to the drilling pilot line 41 decreases,
The pilot switching valve 61 shuts off the communication passage 6, and the feed mechanism 3
Hydraulic fluid does not pass through the communication flow rate adjusting valve 62,
Since it returns from 2 to the tank 5 through the feed direction switching valve 33, the feed return passage 35, and the low-pressure passage 12 for striking, the flow rate is increased as compared with the time of striking, and the thrust and feed speed of the feed mechanism 3 can be operated at maximum. Work such as hole cleaning and rod recovery can be performed quickly.

[0033]

As described above, the perforation control apparatus of the present invention appropriately distributes the pressure oil to each of the striking, rotating, and feeding mechanisms according to the change in the perforation state, thereby improving the perforation capacity and energy efficiency. Can be improved. When a variable displacement pump is used as the hydraulic pump, extra energy consumption can be avoided by controlling the maximum discharge amount so that the relief valve provided in the circuit does not operate during drilling.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a hydraulic circuit diagram of a punching control device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a hydraulic circuit diagram of a conventional punching control device.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 striking mechanism 2 rotation mechanism 3 feeding mechanism 4 hydraulic pump 5 tanks 6 passages 11 High-pressure passage for striking 12 low pressure passage for impact 21 Forward rotation passage 22 Reverse passage 23 Directional switching valve 24 rotation working passage 25 rotation return passage 26 Rotary flow control valve 31 Forward passage 32 Backward passage 33 Feed direction switching valve 34 Working path for feeding 35 return passage 37 Pressure reducing valve for feeding 61 Pilot switching valve 62 Communication flow adjustment valve

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A hitting mechanism driven by hydraulic pressure, a rotating mechanism,
In a drilling machine equipped with a feed mechanism, the high-pressure passage for impact of the impact mechanism is connected to a hydraulic pump, the low-pressure passage for impact is connected to the tank, and the rotation direction is switched between the forward rotation side passage and the reverse rotation side passage of the rotation mechanism. It connects to the rotation working passage branched from the high-pressure striking passage and the rotation return passage branched from the low-pressure striking passage via a valve, and the forward side passage and the backward side passage of the feed mechanism are connected via the feed direction switching valve. Connected to the feed working passage branched from the high-pressure impact passage and the feed return passage branched from the low-pressure passage, and a rotary flow rate adjusting valve is provided in the middle of the rotary working passage, and in the middle of the forward passage. A feed pressure reducing valve is provided on the back side, and the retreat side passage and the normal rotation side passage are connected by a communication passage, and a pilot switching valve and a communication flow rate adjusting valve that are switched to the communication side when the striking mechanism is activated are provided in the communication passage. Characterized by Hole control device. 2. The perforation control apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the hydraulic pump is a variable displacement pump.