JP3435221B2 - Cursor display - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a device for displaying a cursor on a video image display device such as a television, and can be used for, for example, a controller using display and a game. The present invention relates to a cursor display device. FIG. 14 shows a conventional light pen input device. This is the fluorescent screen 1 of the CRT display device 111.
12 is a light sensor 11 that is close to the screen when emitting light.
3, the position of the input light is determined from the timing of screen emission and the timing of screen scanning (reference signal), and a point at that position is displayed. [0003] In this conventional apparatus,
Point display is possible for a two-dimensional image displayed on the screen, but a three-dimensional screen display device using parallax or the like 3
In a CRT display device that displays a dimension, there are problems that a point cannot be displayed in a depth direction and additional information cannot be displayed even in a two-dimensional display. The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object thereof is to provide an inexpensive device that can move a cursor not only vertically and horizontally but also in a depth direction. Oh Ru. [0005] A cursor display device according to the present invention comprises a CRT display means, a light receiving means for detecting light emission of a fluorescent screen of the display means, and a light emission signal from a light reception signal by the light receiving means. Computing means for computing the timing based on the vertical and horizontal synchronizing signals of the CRT display device, and display combining means for displaying the position of the light receiving means on the CRT display device with a cursor based on the output of the computing device. The light receiving means includes a lens, a mirror, and a photodetector.
The CRT phosphor screen emits light directly from the lens.
Detected from two paths, light and reflected light from the mirror,
The distance of the light receiving means from the fluorescent screen is measured. The cursor display device according to the present invention is a CRT.
Receiving light from the display screen 2 pathway by the light receiving unit measures the time difference between receiving, <br/> converts vertical and horizontal synchronizing signals to the distance between the CRT screen and the light-receiving means as a reference in calculating means which and it is intended to display a cursor on the CRT screen through the display synthesizing means it. Embodiment 1 FIG. An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a cursor display device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, reference numeral 11 denotes a light receiving unit, which comprises a lens 1 on which light from a CRT display screen is incident, a mirror 2 for reflecting the light from the lens 1, and a light receiving element 3 for detecting the light and converting it to an electric signal. . 4 is an amplifier for amplifying the signal from the light receiving element 3, 5 is a calculator for calculating the position from the signal passed through the amplifier 4, 6 is a display combiner for combining display with information from the calculator 5, and 7 is an image. Signal, 8 is a CR that projects video
T and 9 are detection signals, 10 is a sync separation circuit, and 12 is a separated sync signal. First, the principle of this device will be described. Figure 2
Think as a method to detect the light emission of the phosphor screen from two paths
FIG. 2A is a diagram for explaining the first configuration , and the configuration is the same as the light receiving unit 11 and the CRT shown in FIG.
Eight parts are shown. When the surface of the CRT 8 is at the position “a”, of the light rays from the surface of the CRT 8, the light that is collected by the lens 1 and directly reaches the light receiving element 3 is the light from the position A. On the other hand, since the mirror 2 is attached behind the lens 1, the light from the position B also reaches the light receiving element 3 as reflected light. On the other hand, when the CRT 8 surface is at the position b, C
And D are incident on the light receiving element, and light from a position separated by lb reaches the light receiving element 3. FIG. 2B is a diagram for explaining the second configuration , and the configuration shows the light receiving section 11 and the CRT 8 in FIG. When the CRT 8 surface is at the position a, of the light rays from the CRT 8 surface, the light is
Is light from the position A. Light condensed by the other second lens 1 ′ and reaching the light receiving element 3 is light from the position B. On the other hand, when the surface of the CRT 8 is at the position b, light from C and D similarly enters the light receiving element, and light from a position separated by lb reaches the light receiving element 3. FIG. 2C is a diagram for explaining the third configuration , and the configuration shows the light receiving section 11 and the CRT 8 in FIG. When the surface of the CRT 8 is located at the position a, of the light rays from the surface of the CRT 8
Is light from the position A. On the other hand, light condensed by the lens 1 and reaching the other second light receiving element 3 ′ is light from the position B. That is, when the surface of the CRT 8 is at a, light from the position B, which is separated by la from A, reaches the light receiving element 3 '. On the other hand, when the surface of the CRT 8 is at the position b, light from C and D similarly enters the light receiving element, and light from a position separated by lb reaches the light receiving element 3 '. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a general CRT image output system. On the CRT surface, the whole surface does not always emit light, but scans and emits light in the direction of the arrow in the figure, and the image is visually formed as a single picture due to the visual afterimage effect. FIG. 4 is an oblique view of FIG. When there is a difference between the positions of la and lb in the light source, when the light is received by the light receiving section, a time difference corresponding to the scanning time occurs. That is, since la has a longer distance on the screen than lb, the scanning time interval is longer than lb. Therefore, the time difference interval between the two lights entering the light receiving element becomes longer. That is, information on the distance from the CRT is converted into a time interval. The principle of the light receiving unit of this device is to measure the time interval and measure the distance from the CRT to the light receiving unit. Next, a description will be given of the signal flow with reference to FIG. Light incident from the point A of the CRT 8 forms an image on the light receiving element 3 by the lens 1. The positional relationship between the lens 1 and the light receiving element 3 is such that the image of the CRT 8 is substantially formed on the light receiving element 3. That is, the light receiving element 3 is placed near the focal length of the lens 1. However, this position does not need to be set strictly. On the other hand, light incident from the point B of the CRT 8 passes through the lens 1 and is reflected by the mirror 2, and then forms an image on the light receiving element 3. The light receiving element 3 converts a light signal into an electric signal, and uses a photodiode or the like. Amplifier 4
Amplifies the signal converted into an electric signal, and amplifies the signal to a voltage value that can be detected by a microcomputer or the like. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing signal timing at this time. Here, assuming a signal in which a synchronization signal such as an NTSC signal and a video signal are superimposed, the synchronization separation circuit 1
Although the signal is assumed to be from 0, there is no essential difference even if the synchronization signal is separated from the beginning. VD is a vertical synchronization signal serving as a reference for vertical scanning, and corresponds to the upper part of the screen in FIG. HD is a horizontal synchronization signal serving as a reference for horizontal scanning, and corresponds to the left end of the solid arrow in FIG. FIG. 5B is an enlarged view of portions A, B, and C in FIG. 5A. A is near the vertical synchronization signal, and A is near the signal detected by the light receiving element 3 after being reflected from the mirror 2. And c show the vicinity of a signal obtained by detecting light directly from the lens 1 by the light receiving element 3. The arithmetic circuit 5 is usually composed of a microcomputer or the like. FIG. 6 shows in detail the portion a or c in FIG. t0, t1,... indicate the width of the detection signal. As the positions of the reflected light (portion A) and the direct light (portion C) in the vertical direction of the screen, the time from VD may be measured. The timing tv in the vertical direction is obtained by, for example, the following calculation. ## EQU1 ## [Equation 2] For the timing tH in the horizontal direction, the time from HD may be measured. For example, tw2 in FIG. 7 is adopted, and tH = tw2. Next, an example in which the arithmetic circuit 5 is actually constituted by a microcomputer or the like will be described. FIG. 8 shows the internal configuration of the arithmetic circuit 5. The detection signal 9 is a flip-flop 81
Through the microcomputer (hereinafter referred to as microcomputer)
87 is input to B. This is for holding the pulse of the detection signal and storing whether or not there is an input. The time from the HD pulse to the detection signal is counted by the counter 8
Counted by three. The count clock is supplied by the oscillator 88. The frequency of the oscillator 88 is selected to be sufficiently higher than the frequency of the HD.
In the case of 5 KHz, it is several MHz. The count of the counter 83 is reset (turned to 0) by the HD pulse, and the flip-flop 85
, And is stored in the flip-flop 86 at the fall of the detection signal 9. The flip-flop 82 is provided so that the flip-flops 85 and 86 do not store an incomplete value when the value of the counter 83 is changing. The count values stored in the flip-flops 85 and 86 are input to the microcomputer 87. The counter 84 has VD
Is counted, and the counted number is also input to the microcomputer 87. The HD and VD signals are also input to the microcomputer 87, and the HD is input to the interrupt terminal so as to obtain accurate timing. The internal processing of the arithmetic circuit 5 will be described with reference to FIG. 8 in accordance with the flowcharts of FIGS. First, HD
The interrupt process is started at the rising edge of the HD pulse (S1 (1)). It is checked whether or not there is a detection signal based on the signal input to B of the microcomputer 87 (S1).
(2)) If there is a pulse of the detection signal (the B input is H because it is stored in the flip-flop 81)
The flip-flop 81 is reset to erase the new storage contents (S1 (3)). If there is a detection signal pulse, it is determined whether it is direct light or indirect light (S1 (4)). Looking at the direct light flag di (described later), in the case of direct light, the H input which is the value of the falling time count value storage flip-flop 85 of the detection signal is stored in the memory memo1 (i) (i is another counter, memo1 (0 ), Memo1 (1) ... are memories that store the falling time (S1).
(5)). Next, the G input which is the value of the rising time count value storage flip-flop 86 of the detection signal is stored in the memory m.
emo2 (i) (memo2 (0), memo2
(1). . . Is stored in the memory for storing the rising time (S1 (6)). Further, the E input, which is the value of the rising time count value storage flip-flop of the detection signal, is stored in the memory memo3 (i) (memo3 (0), memory3).
3 (1). . . Is stored in a memory for storing the number of HDs (the number of lines) from the VD. In addition, i is increased by 1 (i is a counter that counts the execution of steps from S1 (5) to S1 (7) in the case of direct light) (S1
(7)). When it is determined in S1 (4) that the light is not direct light, the H input is set to memo4 (j) (j is another counter, m
emo4 (0), memo4 (1). . . Is stored in a memory for storing the H input (S1 (10)). Next, the G input is memo5 (j) (memo5 (0), memo5
(1). . . Is stored in a memory for storing the G input (S1 (11)). Furthermore, input E into memo6 (j)
(Memo6 (0), memory6 (1) ... are memories for storing the E input) (S1 (12)). S1
If there is no pulse of the detection signal in (2) (B is L), the process proceeds to S1 (8), and memo6 (j-1) is a value obtained by adding 3 to the previously stored count of the number of HDs from VD. +
3 (however, the count of the last HD having a pulse that is not a direct light is memo6 (j-1)) is compared with the current HD number count E input (S1 (8)), and if E is larger, di (0 if not direct light, 1 if direct light) is set to 1 (S1 (9)). In FIG. 10, when the microcomputer 87 starts operating, an initial process is started (S2 (1)), and a counter i,
The counters j and di are initialized (S2 (2)). FIG.
1, FIG. 12 shows a loop process. First, it waits for the VD pulse to go to "L" (S2 (3)), and when it goes to "L", prohibits activation of the HD interrupt processing (S2).
(4)). Next, see if i is 0, and if it is not 0, S2
Proceed to (6) (counter i is not 0 when a direct light pulse is detected), otherwise proceed to S2 (22) (S2).
2 (5)). Also, see if j is 0 and if it is not 0 then S
Proceed to 2 (7), and if 0, proceed to S2 (22) (S2
(6)). In S2 (7), a counter k for addition, a general-purpose memory for addition TVR, and a general-purpose memory for addition TVM are initialized (S2 (7)). In the following, the calculation of Σ in Equation 1 is performed in a loop from S2 (8) to S2 (11). That is, (memo2
(K) -memo1 (k)) * memo3 (k) is added (S2 (8)). memo2 (k) -memo1
(K) represents the time width of the pulse, and corresponds to t1 in Expression 1. memo3 (k) indicates the number of HDs from VD. Next, memo2 (k) -memo1 is added to the TVM.
(K) is added (S2 (9)). Add 1 to k (S2
(10)), it is checked whether or not k matches i. If they match, the loop is terminated and the process proceeds to S2 (12). If they do not match, the loop is repeated (S2 (11)). As a result of calculation, TV
R and TVM are as follows. [Mathematical formula-see original document] (Equation 4) Divide TVR by TVM and put the result in TVR. This value TVRR is a value obtained by averaging the number of HDs from the VD with the time of the pulse width, and is represented by the following equation. [Equation 5] The memo1 (2) (third pulse fall time) is substituted for TH1 (S2 (13)). Since the processing up to this point is not direct light, a horizontal
This means that the vertical position (time unit, HD number unit) has been substituted for R. Next, in steps S2 (14) to S2 (20), similarly, arithmetic processing such as addition to direct light is performed. Since this step is the same as S2 (7) to S2 (13), the description is omitted. Where memo1 (k) is m
emo4 (k) and memo2 (k) are memo5
(K), TVRR is TVRD, TH1 is TH2, and the value obtained by averaging the number of HDs from VD with the time of the pulse width is entered in TVRD, and the position of direct light is substituted in TH2 and TVRD. Will be. Next, TVRR-TVRD is assigned to DTVR (S2 (21)). The difference between the direct light and the indirect light in the vertical direction (unit of the number of HDs) is assigned to DTVR. S2 (22)
In, display control output processing is performed using DTVR, TVRD, TH2, etc., but details are omitted. Further, the counter i, the counter j, and the di are initialized to 0 (S2 (23)), the interrupt activation of the HD is enabled (S2 (24)), and the process returns to S2 (3) after the HD goes high (S2). S2 (25)). S
2 (6) When j = 0 or i = 0 (when two pulse trains cannot be measured), the process proceeds to S2 (22). Here, TVRD: direct light detection time, TVRR: reflected light detection time, DTVR = TVRR−TVRD: time difference (distance) between direct light and reflected light in the vertical direction TVR: variable after loop Time × total of weighted value TVM: Variable After loop Cumulative weighted value TVR / TVM: Weighted average value. The above operation is summarized as follows.
In the HD interrupt processing, it is checked whether or not there is a detection signal based on a signal input to the microcomputer. If there is an input, the measurement result of the time shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 is stored. If there is no input, it will not be memorized. Further, it determines whether the detected signal is direct light or indirect light. If there is no detection signal three times in a row, there is a pause (the indirect light is over and the next is direct)
Thus, the di flag is set and the storage location is changed. In the initialization processing, an index used in the HD interrupt processing is initialized. This index is given by Equation 1,
This corresponds to i in Equation 2. The main routine waits for VD to fall, and executes an operation corresponding to Expressions 1 and 2. The position information of the detection signal obtained as a result of this calculation is used for displaying a cursor. The display control output processing will be described later. After the index is initialized, the process returns to the beginning of the main routine after waiting for VD to rise. Next, display control will be described. FIG.
Reference numeral 3 describes a mechanism for displaying a three-dimensional object using parallax of both eyes. The right-eye image and the left-eye image are switched and displayed on the same screen.
The device is configured by a method such as mounting a shutter in front of the left eye so that the image of the left eye can be seen only by the left eye. The configuration of the actual device will not be described in detail here. Right eye position y = 0, x = X
R, left eye position y = 0, x = XL, and image position x
Assuming that there is a distance of Ys from the eye position to the CRT screen when displaying at the positions of 0 and y0, the images on the screen of the right eye and the left eye may be set to the positions of the following formula. (Equation 6) [Mathematical formula-see original document] For example, a case where a cursor is displayed according to the timing of a detected optical signal will be described. The detected time difference DTVR is converted to y0. For example, y0 = k0 · D
Assuming that the TVR (k is a positive number), the image is converted into the position of the image on the screen by the above equation. TH2 is adopted as x0. The vertical position uses TVRD. The display combining circuit 6 outputs a display control output so that the cursor is displayed at this position. The display combining circuit, but uses the character generator IC such details, such written. As described above, according to the present invention, a highly flexible cursor display device capable of moving the cursor not only in the horizontal and vertical directions of the conventional screen but also in the depth direction can be obtained. not only display a two-dimensional, Ru also can point accurately in three-dimensional display.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a cursor display device according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a main part of an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating scanning of a CRT. FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating the principle of an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating timings of a video signal and a detection signal. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the timing of a detection signal in detail. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the timing of a detection signal in detail. FIG. 8 is a circuit diagram showing a circuit configuration of a computing unit used in the present invention. FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing the operation of the microcomputer of the arithmetic unit in one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing the operation of the microcomputer of the arithmetic unit in one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 11 is a flowchart showing the operation of the microcomputer of the arithmetic unit according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing the operation of the microcomputer of the arithmetic unit in one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating the principle of three-dimensional display using parallax. FIG. 14 is a perspective view showing a conventional cursor display device. [Description of Signs] 1 lens, 2 mirrors, 3 light receiving elements, 4 amplifiers, 5
Arithmetic unit, 6 display synthesizer, 8 CRT, 10 sync separation circuit, 11 light receiving unit.

Claims (1)

(57) [Claim 1] CRT display means, light receiving means for detecting light emission of a fluorescent screen of the display means, and the light emission timing from the light receiving signal by the light receiving means, the CRT display device Calculating means for calculating based on the vertical and horizontal synchronizing signals, and display combining means for displaying the position of the light receiving means on the CRT display device with a cursor based on the output of the calculating means. Lens, mirror and photodetector
And emits light from the CRT phosphor screen from the above lens.
From two paths: direct light from the mirror and light reflected by the mirror
A cursor display device for measuring a distance of the light receiving means from the fluorescent screen ;