JP3429368B2 - Two-stage wastewater treatment equipment - Google Patents
Two-stage wastewater treatment equipmentInfo
- Publication number
- JP3429368B2 JP3429368B2 JP11834794A JP11834794A JP3429368B2 JP 3429368 B2 JP3429368 B2 JP 3429368B2 JP 11834794 A JP11834794 A JP 11834794A JP 11834794 A JP11834794 A JP 11834794A JP 3429368 B2 JP3429368 B2 JP 3429368B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- stage
- hardly decomposable
- treatment tank
- treatment
- load
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
Landscapes
- Biological Treatment Of Waste Water (AREA)
- Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
【０００１】
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、難分解性物質分解生物
固定化担体による高負荷処理槽と難分解性物質分解菌減
量処理槽からなり、廃水処理を二段階で行う廃水処理装
置に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】近年、世界的規模で環境問題がクローズ
アップされるようになってきた。石油関連の業界におい
ては、以前より公害防止の観点から石油製品製造プラン
トの中に各種公害防止装置を組み込んできたが、プラン
トの能力増強と共に石油製品製造途中の段階で生じる各
種有害物質の量もこれに比例して増加している。その結
果、現在プラントに組み込まれている各種公害防止装置
の余力も少なくなりつつあり、これら装置の拡充が急が
れている。
【０００３】装置の拡充に際しては、その装置に要する
新たなスペースが当然のことながら必要となるが、我が
国のように国土が狭いところでは、工場の敷地に余裕の
ないところが多く、十分な対応がとれないのが現実であ
る。一方、環境保全に対しての各種規制は年を追う毎に
厳しくなってきており、この傾向は将来変わることはな
いと考えられる。
【０００４】ところで、石油精製工場、石油化学工場な
どの工場廃水は、環境に悪影響を与えるフェノールなど
多数の難分解性有害物質を含んでいる。これらの処理を
行う装置として従来から自然界に存在する好気性微生物
がその個体の増殖を図るために有機物質を消化する現象
を利用した活性汚泥法が広く用いられてきた。この方法
は、好気性微生物による処理であるため、一般的生活廃
水等に適用した場合には処理速度が速く、また自然界の
浄化機構を利用したものであるため、新たな汚染がない
ことなどの利点を有している。
【０００５】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、上記従
来の方式においては、石油精製工場、石油化学工場など
の工場廃水に含まれる難分解性物質は、活性汚泥中の微
生物による分解が困難であるために、活性汚泥装置は、
容積負荷が低くなり、装置が大掛かりになる。さらに、
難分解性物質の多くは、活性汚泥内の微生物に対して細
胞毒性を示すために、活性汚泥装置はこれらの物質の負
荷変動に弱く、ある場合には活性汚泥内微生物の死滅を
引き起こし、廃水処理能力を失う。
【０００６】これらの理由により、活性汚泥の維持管理
に手間がかかり、一時的な高負荷ショックなどによって
一度トラブルが生じると装置の再立ち上げに数週間から
数箇月もかかることがある。また、活性汚泥では、余剰
汚泥の量が多いためにその処理にかかる手間、コストが
大きいことなどの欠点があり、これら欠点のない新たな
処理システムの開発が要望されている。
【０００７】したがって、工場廃水の処理装置に望まれ
る性能としては、高効率でコンパクト、メインテナンス
が容易であり、負荷変動に強く、汚泥発生量が少ないな
どが挙げられる。このような要求を満たす廃水処理装置
として、特定の難分解性物質分解菌により高効率で処理
する装置等が各種考案されている（例えば、特開昭５６
−１４４７９４号公報、特開昭６２−１４９６号公報、
特開平２−１５２５９８号公報、特開平４−３６３１９
４号公報）が、実用化はまだなされていない。
【０００８】本発明は、上記従来の問題を解決するもの
であって、難分解性物質の負荷変動に強く、かつ、難分
解性物質の高負荷処理を可能にする二段式廃水処理装置
を提供することを目的とするものである。
【０００９】
【課題を解決するための手段】上記目的を達成するため
に本発明は、難分解性物質の分解に優れた微生物を包括
固定化あるいは担体に付着させ、難分解性物質分解微生
物を高密度に存在させた一段目の処理槽と、該一段目の
処理槽と直列に連結させ、一段目の処理槽から流出した
難分解性物質分解菌を食物連鎖により捕食できる微生物
を優占化させ、これによって難分解性物質分解菌を消化
する二段目の処理槽とを備えたことを特徴とする。
【００１０】
【作用】本発明によれば、一段目の処理槽では、難分解
性物質分解菌の固定化によって菌体を高密度化するため
に高負荷処理ができるだけでなく、高濃度の難分解性物
質に対する耐性も増すことができ、結果として、一段目
の処理槽は、難分解性物質の負荷変動に強くかつ高負荷
処理が可能になる。しかし、難分解性物質の高濃度高負
荷処理を行うと、これを分解する分解菌が増殖し浮游菌
として処理水を白濁化させるため、二段目の処理槽にこ
の難分解性物質分解菌を捕食する原生動物、後生動物等
の微生物を優占化させ、難分解性物質分解菌を消化する
ことによって処理水中の浮游性分解菌を高効率で除去す
る。また、難分解性物質が細胞毒性を示す場合、一段目
で毒性物質は分解菌菌体へと物質変換し無毒化されるた
めに、二段目の処理槽内の微生物への毒性物質の影響を
殆どなくすことができる。したがって、難分解性分解に
関与しない微生物が毒性を持つ難分解性物質の高負荷シ
ョックによって死滅することを防ぐことができる。
【００１１】
【実施例】以下、本発明の実施例を図面を参照しつつ説
明する。図１は、本発明の二段式廃水処理装置の１実施
例を示すフロー図である。原廃水は、前処理で濾過、凝
集沈殿、浮上分離等の処理が行われた後、一段目の処理
槽である難分解性物質高負荷処理槽１に送られる。処理
槽１においては、難分解性物質分解菌の固定化によって
菌体を高密度化し、高負荷処理を可能にするとともに、
高濃度の難分解性物質に対する耐性を増大させる。結果
として、一段目の処理槽は、難分解性物質の負荷変動に
強くなる。
【００１２】しかし、難分解性物質の高濃度高負荷処理
を行うと、これを分解する分解菌が増殖し、浮游菌とし
て処理水を白濁化させる。したがって、本発明では、こ
の分解菌を含む処理水を二段目の処理槽である難分解性
物質分解菌減量処理槽２に送る。この処理槽２において
は、難分解性物質分解菌を捕食する微生物を優占化さ
せ、難分解性物質分解菌を消化することによって処理水
中の浮游性分解菌を高効率で除去する。また、難分解性
物質が細胞毒性を示す場合、一段目で毒性物質は分解菌
菌体へと物質変換し無毒化されるために、二段目の処理
槽２内の微生物への毒性物質の影響をほとんどなくすこ
とができる。したがって、本発明では、二段目での難分
解性物質の分解に関与しない微生物が毒性を持つ難分解
性物質の高負荷ショックによって死滅することを防ぐこ
とができる。
【００１３】前記処理槽１内には、難分解性物質分解菌
を入れる。その方法としては、分解菌を供給しながら
長時間廃水処理することにより、自然発生的に担体表面
および担体細孔中に分解菌を付着させる方法、ゲル状
物質を用いて担体表面および担体細孔中に分解菌を付着
させる方法、ゲル状物質中に分解菌を練り混んで粒状
に成形する方法等があり、これらに組み込む難分解性物
質分解菌は、例えば、高性能フェノール分解菌、フェナ
ントレン分解菌、トリハロメタン分解菌、ダイベンゾチ
オフェン分解菌等、目的により単独または複数種類を組
み合わせて使用する。また、前記処理槽２には、活性汚
泥または活性汚泥を付着させる生物膜担体を入れ原生動
物、後生動物等の微生物を優占化させる。
【００１４】図２は、本発明の二段式廃水処理装置の１
実施例を示す概略斜視図である。一段目の処理槽である
難分解性物質高負荷処理槽１と二段目の処理槽である難
分解性物質分解菌減量処理槽２は仕切板９により分けら
れ、さらに難分解性物質高負荷処理槽１は、仕切板１０
により接触酸化処理槽３と汚泥沈殿槽４に分けられてい
る。
【００１５】処理槽３および処理槽２には、添加した担
体の流動をスムーズにするために担体流動板１１、１２
をそれぞれ中央部に取りつけてある。難分解性物質高負
荷処理槽１の仕切板１０の下部開口部には、担体の流出
を防ぐための仕切網１３が設けられており、仕切網１３
は、担体の流出を防ぎ、かつ処理水を通過させることが
できる程度の網目のものを用いる。また、難分解性物質
分解菌減量処理槽２にも、仕切板１４の下部開口部に仕
切網１５が設けられている。さらに、この処理槽２に
は、固液分離後の活性汚泥の流出を防ぐための汚泥流出
防止板１６を取りつけている。それぞれの処理槽２、３
には、空気供給管１７、１８が設けられており、それぞ
れ独立して空気を送り込む構成にしている。実プラント
に適用する場合には、角型や円柱型、ドラム型等で一段
から二段処理槽を構成する。なお、後処理工程では濾過
を行う。
【００１６】次に、図３および図４により図２の二段式
廃水処理装置を用いた実験結果について説明する。図３
は一段目の処理槽１における処理日数に対する処理水フ
ェノール濃度、フェノール負荷量および濁度の変化を示
す図、図４は二段目の処理槽２における処理日数に対す
る透過率の変化を示す図である。
【００１７】フェノール分解菌をポリビニルアルコール
１５％溶液に２％の含量になるように混合し、これを凍
結によりゲル化させた。このゲルを約３〜５ｍｍ角の立
方体に成形したものを図２の一段目の処理槽１に体積比
で約３０％添加した。フェノール５００ｐｐｍを含む合
成廃水（１リットル当たりＫ2 ＨＰＯ4 、０．１５ｇ，
（ＮＨ4 ）2 ＳＯ4 、０．８ｇ，ＭｇＣｌ2 ・６Ｈ
2 Ｏ、１５ｍｇ，ＮａＯＨ、０．４ｇ、ＦｅＣｌ3 ・６
Ｈ2 Ｏ，ＣａＣｌ2 、４ｍｇを含む）をこの一段目の処
理槽１に流入させ、フェノールの負荷量は、滞留時間を
短くすることによって上昇させた。そして、一段目の処
理槽１からリークした菌体は、活性汚泥を加えた二段目
の処理槽２で処理することを試みた。
【００１８】その結果、図３に示すように、一段目の処
理槽１によってフェノールの容積負荷０．５ｇ／Ｌ・ｄ
ａｙ〜５ｇ／Ｌ・ｄａｙ（Ｌはリットルを表わす）まで
完全処理が行われ、一段目の処理水中のフェノール濃度
は０．５ｐｐｍ以下であった。しかし、この処理水の光
の透過度（１ｃｍセル光路）％Ｔは約４０％となり白濁
化が顕著となった。この透過度は、流出菌体量約３２０
ｍｇ／Ｌに相当する。つまり、処理されたフェノール量
の約６０％強がフェノール分解菌に変換され、流出した
ことになる（ちなみに、合成廃水中のフェノール濃度を
変化させる実験から、廃水中のフェノール濃度と流出菌
体量との間には正の相関関係があることが見出されてい
る）。
【００１９】この白濁化した処理水を二段目の処理槽２
に流入させた場合、図４に示すように、フェノール負荷
１．５ｇ／Ｌ・ｄａｙまでは二段目の処理水で透過率
（％Ｔ）が９０％以上まで改善された。この程度までの
負荷では二段目の処理によって一段目からの流出菌体の
７０％以上を除去することができる。さらに、滞留時間
を短くし、負荷量を上げた場合（一段目の処理槽へのフ
ェノール負荷２．８ｇ／Ｌ・ｄａｙまで）には、二段目
の処理水の透過率は７５％〜８０％まで下がり、流出菌
体の除去率は５０〜６０％まで低下するが、除去される
流出菌体の総量は増加する。このように、廃水中のフェ
ノール濃度が５００ｐｐｍと極めて高い場合において
も、フェノールをほぼ完全に除去し、かつ発生する菌体
の消化による余剰汚泥の減量化も可能にすることができ
る。通常の活性汚泥装置の場合、廃水の負荷量の約５０
％が余剰汚泥として発生するが、本発明の二段処理では
余剰汚泥量はその約２分の１から３分の１程度になる。
【００２０】その他、本発明は既存設備として活性汚泥
装置を有する廃水処理系路で、下記ケース等にも一段目
処理槽のみを追加することにより、最小限の投資で適用
できる。上流の廃水排出源の１つに高濃度の難分解性
物質を含有していて、活性汚泥装置の安定処理に悪影響
を及ぼしているケース、新装置設備等で高濃度の難分
解性物質を含有する廃水系路が新たに加わるケース。
【００２１】
【発明の効果】以上の説明から明らかなように本発明に
よれば、難分解性物質を分解する一段目の処理槽に難分
解性物質分解菌を包括固定化したゲル状担体、あるいは
生物膜として付着した担体を添加するために、難分解性
物質分解菌を高濃度に保ち、難分解性物質分解を高効率
で行うことができるだけでなく、高濃度の難分解性物質
に対する分解菌の耐性を強化することができる。したが
って、難分解性物質の負荷変動に強く、かつ、高負荷処
理が可能になる。特に、廃水中に細胞毒性を持つ難分解
性物質が含まれる場合には、一段目の処理槽でこの物質
を高効率で無毒化できることから、例えば従来の活性汚
泥装置でのフェノール等の負荷変動により一時的に高濃
度の毒性物質が流入することによって起こる処理槽内微
生物の死滅等のショックが起こりにくくなる。このこと
によって最終的に発生する余剰汚泥を減少させることが
できる。Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a wastewater treatment system comprising a high-load treatment tank using a carrier for immobilizing a hardly decomposable substance-decomposing organism and a tank for reducing the amount of hardly decomposable substance-degrading bacteria. In a two-stage wastewater treatment apparatus. [0002] In recent years, environmental problems have come to the fore on a global scale. In the petroleum-related industry, various types of pollution control devices have been incorporated into petroleum product manufacturing plants from the viewpoint of pollution control, but the amount of various harmful substances generated during the production of petroleum products has been reduced as the capacity of the plant has been increased. It is increasing in proportion to this. As a result, the capacity of various pollution control devices currently installed in plants is decreasing, and the expansion of these devices is urgent. When expanding the equipment, it is natural that a new space required for the equipment is required. However, in places where the land is narrow like Japan, there are many places where there is no room on the factory premises, and sufficient measures are taken. It is not possible to take it. On the other hand, various regulations on environmental conservation are becoming stricter each year, and this trend is not expected to change in the future. [0004] Factory wastewater from petroleum refining factories and petrochemical factories contains a large number of hardly decomposable harmful substances such as phenol which has a bad influence on the environment. As an apparatus for performing these treatments, an activated sludge method utilizing a phenomenon in which aerobic microorganisms existing in nature digest organic substances in order to increase the growth of individuals has been widely used. This method is a treatment with aerobic microorganisms, so when applied to general household wastewater, etc., the treatment speed is high, and because it uses a natural purification mechanism, there is no new pollution. Has advantages. [0005] However, in the above-mentioned conventional method, the hardly decomposable substances contained in the wastewater of a petroleum refinery, a petrochemical factory or the like are difficult to decompose by microorganisms in activated sludge. In order to be activated sludge equipment,
The volume load is reduced, and the device becomes larger. further,
Many of the hard-to-degrade substances are cytotoxic to microorganisms in activated sludge, so activated sludge equipment is vulnerable to fluctuations in the load of these substances, and in some cases, causes the death of microorganisms in activated sludge and wastewater Lose processing power. For these reasons, the maintenance and management of activated sludge is troublesome, and once a trouble occurs due to a temporary high load shock or the like, it may take several weeks to several months to restart the apparatus. Activated sludge has drawbacks such as a large amount of surplus sludge and troublesome processing and high cost. Therefore, development of a new treatment system free of these drawbacks has been demanded. [0007] Therefore, the desired performance of a plant wastewater treatment apparatus includes high efficiency, compactness, easy maintenance, high load variation, and low sludge generation. As a wastewater treatment apparatus that satisfies such demands, various apparatuses have been devised that efficiently treat a specific hardly decomposable substance-decomposing bacterium (for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Sho 56-56).
-144794, JP-A-62-1496,
JP-A-2-152598, JP-A-4-36319
No. 4), but has not been put to practical use yet. The present invention solves the above-mentioned conventional problems, and is directed to a two-stage wastewater treatment apparatus which is resistant to load fluctuation of a hardly decomposable substance and enables high load treatment of a hardly decomposable substance. It is intended to provide. Means for Solving the Problems [0009] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for encapsulating or immobilizing microorganisms excellent in decomposing a hardly decomposable substance on a carrier to remove the hardly decomposable substance decomposing microorganism. First-stage treatment tank with high density and serially connected to the first-stage treatment tank, dominating microorganisms that can prey on the food chain to decompose difficult-to-decompose substances degrading bacteria flowing out of the first-stage treatment tank And a second treatment tank for digesting the hardly decomposable substance-decomposing bacteria. According to the present invention, in the first treatment tank, not only high-load treatment can be performed to increase the density of the cells by immobilizing the hardly decomposable substance-decomposing bacteria, but also the high concentration The resistance to decomposable substances can also be increased, and as a result, the first-stage treatment tank is resistant to load fluctuations of hardly decomposable substances and can perform high-load processing. However, when a high-concentration and high-load treatment of a hardly decomposable substance is performed, decomposing bacteria that decompose the same proliferate and make the treated water cloudy as a floating bacterium. Microorganisms such as protozoa and metazoans that prey on germplasm are predominant, and buoyant decomposing bacteria in treated water are removed with high efficiency by digesting hard-to-decompose substance-decomposing bacteria. In addition, if the hardly decomposable substance shows cytotoxicity, the first step converts the toxic substance into decomposed bacterial cells and detoxifies it, so the effect of the toxic substance on the microorganisms in the second treatment tank is affected. Can be almost eliminated. Therefore, it is possible to prevent a microorganism that does not participate in the persistent decomposition from being killed by a high-load shock of the toxic persistent substance. Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing one embodiment of the two-stage wastewater treatment apparatus of the present invention. The raw wastewater is subjected to pretreatment, such as filtration, coagulation and sedimentation, flotation, and the like, and then sent to the first-stage treatment tank, which is a high-load treatment tank for hardly decomposable substances. In the treatment tank 1, the density of the cells is increased by immobilizing the hardly decomposable substance-decomposing bacteria, thereby enabling high-load treatment.
Increases resistance to high concentrations of persistent substances. As a result, the first stage treatment tank is resistant to load fluctuation of the hardly decomposable substance. However, when a high-concentration and high-load treatment of a hardly decomposable substance is performed, a decomposing bacterium that decomposes the substance grows and makes the treated water cloudy as a floating bacterium. Therefore, in the present invention, the treated water containing this degrading bacterium is sent to the second-stage treatment tank, ie, the treatment tank 2 for reducing the amount of hardly decomposable substance-decomposing bacteria. In the treatment tank 2, the microorganisms that prey on the hard-to-degrade substance-decomposing bacteria are dominant, and the hard-to-degrade substance-decomposing bacteria are digested to remove the floating-type decomposable bacteria in the treated water with high efficiency. When the hardly decomposable substance shows cytotoxicity, the first step converts the toxic substance into degrading bacterial cells and detoxifies it. The effect can be almost eliminated. Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to prevent microorganisms not involved in the decomposition of the hardly decomposable substance in the second stage from being killed by the high-load shock of the toxic hardly decomposable substance. In the treatment tank 1, a bacterium that decomposes hardly decomposable substances is put. As the method, there is a method of spontaneously attaching the degrading bacteria to the carrier surface and the carrier pores by treating wastewater for a long time while supplying the degrading bacteria, the carrier surface and the carrier pores using a gel-like substance. There are a method of attaching decomposing bacteria to the inside, a method of kneading the decomposing bacteria in a gel-like substance, and shaping them into granules. Bacteria, trihalomethane-degrading bacteria, dibenzothiophene-degrading bacteria, etc. may be used alone or in combination of two or more depending on the purpose. Further, the treatment tank 2 is filled with activated sludge or a biofilm carrier to which activated sludge is attached, so that microorganisms such as protozoa and metazoans are dominant. FIG. 2 shows one embodiment of the two-stage wastewater treatment apparatus of the present invention.
It is a schematic perspective view which shows an Example. The first-stage processing tank, which is a high-degradable substance high-load processing tank 1, and the second-stage processing tank, which is a low-degradable substance-degrading bacteria reduction processing tank 2, are separated by a partition plate 9. The processing tank 1 includes a partition plate 10
And is divided into a contact oxidation treatment tank 3 and a sludge sedimentation tank 4. The treatment tanks 3 and 2 are provided with carrier flow plates 11 and 12 for smoothing the flow of the added carrier.
Are attached to the center respectively. A partition net 13 for preventing the carrier from flowing out is provided at the lower opening of the partition plate 10 of the refractory substance high-load treatment tank 1.
Use a mesh that prevents the carrier from flowing out and allows treated water to pass through. Further, a partition net 15 is provided in the lower opening of the partition plate 14 also in the treatment tank 2 for reducing the amount of the hardly decomposable substance-decomposing bacteria. Further, the treatment tank 2 is provided with a sludge outflow prevention plate 16 for preventing the outflow of activated sludge after solid-liquid separation. Each treatment tank 2, 3
Are provided with air supply pipes 17 and 18, respectively, so that air is independently supplied. When applied to an actual plant, a one-stage or two-stage treatment tank is constituted by a square type, a column type, a drum type, or the like. In the post-treatment step, filtration is performed. Next, experimental results using the two-stage wastewater treatment apparatus shown in FIG. 2 will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4. FIG.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing changes in phenol concentration, phenol load and turbidity of treated water with respect to the number of treatment days in the first treatment tank 1, and FIG. 4 is a diagram showing changes in transmittance with respect to the number of treatment days in the second treatment tank 2. is there. The phenol-degrading bacterium was mixed with a 15% solution of polyvinyl alcohol to a content of 2%, and this was gelled by freezing. A gel obtained by forming this gel into a cube of about 3 to 5 mm square was added to the first treatment tank 1 in FIG. 2 at about 30% by volume ratio. Synthetic wastewater containing 500 ppm of phenol (0.15 g of K 2 HPO 4 per liter,
(NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 , 0.8 g, MgCl 2 .6H
2 O, 15mg, NaOH, 0.4g , FeCl 3 · 6
H 2 O, containing CaCl 2, 4 mg) was flowed into the treatment tank 1 in this first stage, the load amount of the phenol was increased by shortening the residence time. The cells leaked from the first treatment tank 1 were treated in the second treatment tank 2 to which activated sludge was added. As a result, as shown in FIG. 3, the volumetric load of phenol is 0.5 g / L · d by the first treatment tank 1.
The complete treatment was performed up to ay to 5 g / L · day (L represents liter), and the phenol concentration in the first-stage treated water was 0.5 ppm or less. However, the light transmittance (1 cm cell optical path)% T of the treated water became about 40%, and the cloudiness became remarkable. This permeability is about 320 cells outflowing.
mg / L. In other words, about 60% or more of the treated phenol amount was converted to phenol-degrading bacteria and spilled out. Has been found to be positively correlated). The opaque treated water is supplied to the second treatment tank 2
As shown in FIG. 4, the transmittance (% T) was improved to 90% or more with the second-stage treated water up to a phenol load of 1.5 g / L · day as shown in FIG. With a load up to this level, 70% or more of the efflux cells from the first stage can be removed by the second stage treatment. Furthermore, when the residence time is shortened and the load is increased (up to 2.8 g / L · day of phenol load on the first treatment tank), the permeability of the second treatment water is 75% to 80%. %, And the removal rate of efflux cells decreases to 50-60%, but the total amount of efflux cells increases. As described above, even when the phenol concentration in the wastewater is as high as 500 ppm, phenol can be almost completely removed and excess sludge can be reduced by digestion of the generated cells. In the case of a normal activated sludge unit, the load of wastewater is about 50
% Is generated as surplus sludge, but in the two-stage treatment of the present invention, the surplus sludge amount is about one-half to one-third thereof. In addition, the present invention is a wastewater treatment system having an activated sludge apparatus as an existing facility, and can be applied with a minimum investment by adding only a first-stage treatment tank to the following cases and the like. One of the upstream wastewater discharge sources contains a high concentration of hardly decomposable substances, which has a negative effect on the stable treatment of activated sludge equipment. New wastewater system to be added. As is apparent from the above description, according to the present invention, a gel carrier in which a hardly decomposable substance-decomposing bacterium is immobilized and immobilized in a first-stage treatment tank for decomposing a hardly decomposable substance, Alternatively, in order to add a carrier attached as a biofilm, it is possible to maintain a high concentration of hardly decomposable substance-decomposing bacteria and perform high-efficiency decomposition of hardly decomposable substances, and also to decompose high-concentration hard-to-decompose substances. Bacterial resistance can be enhanced. Therefore, it is resistant to load fluctuation of the hardly decomposable substance, and a high load process can be performed. Particularly, when wastewater contains a hardly decomposable substance having cytotoxicity, this substance can be detoxified with high efficiency in the first treatment tank. Accordingly, shocks such as death of microorganisms in the treatment tank caused by temporary inflow of a high concentration of toxic substances are less likely to occur. This makes it possible to reduce surplus sludge finally generated.
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の二段式廃水処理装置の１実施例を示す
フロー図である。
【図２】本発明の二段式廃水処理装置の１実施例を示す
概略斜視図である。
【図３】本発明の実験結果を示し、一段目の処理槽にお
ける処理日数に対する処理水フェノール濃度、フェノー
ル負荷量および濁度の変化を示す図である。
【図４】本発明の実験結果を示し、二段目の処理槽にお
ける処理日数に対する透過率の変化を示す図である。
【符号の説明】
１…難分解性物質高負荷処理槽、２…難分解性物質分解
菌減量処理槽BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing one embodiment of a two-stage wastewater treatment apparatus of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view showing one embodiment of a two-stage wastewater treatment apparatus of the present invention. FIG. 3 shows the experimental results of the present invention, and is a graph showing changes in phenol concentration, phenol load, and turbidity of treated water with respect to the number of treatment days in a first-stage treatment tank. FIG. 4 is a view showing an experimental result of the present invention and showing a change in transmittance with respect to the number of processing days in a second-stage processing tank. [Explanation of reference numerals] 1 ... Treatment tank with high load of hardly decomposable substance, 2 ... Slimming tank with reduced weight of hardly decomposable substance
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 川田邦彦 埼玉県入間郡大井町西鶴ケ岡一丁目３番 １号 東燃株式会社総合研究所内 (72)発明者 渡辺一哉 埼玉県入間郡大井町西鶴ケ岡一丁目３番 １号 東燃株式会社総合研究所内 (72)発明者 数馬謙二 埼玉県入間郡大井町西鶴ケ岡一丁目３番 １号 東燃株式会社総合研究所内 (56)参考文献 特開 平４−363194（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平１−224094（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平７−112189（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭63−101000（ＪＰ，Ａ) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7，ＤＢ名) C02F 3/08 C02F 3/06 C02F 3/34 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuing on the front page (72) Kunihiko Kawada 1-3-1, Nishitsurugaoka, Oimachi, Iruma-gun, Saitama Prefecture Inside the Tonen Co., Ltd. (72) Kazuya Watanabe, Kazuya Watanabe, Nishitsurugaoka, Oimachi, Iruma-gun, Saitama No.3-1 in the Tonen Research Laboratory (72) Inventor Kenji Suma 1-3-1 in the Nishitsurugaoka, Oimachi, Iruma-gun, Saitama Prefecture (56) References JP-A-4-363194 ( JP, A) JP-A-1-224094 (JP, A) JP-A-7-112189 (JP, A) JP-A-63-101000 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. 7 , (DB name) C02F 3/08 C02F 3/06 C02F 3/34
Claims (1)
固定化あるいは担体に付着させ、難分解性物質分解微生
物を高密度に存在させた一段目の処理槽と、該一段目の
処理槽と直列に連結させ、一段目の処理槽から流出した
難分解性物質分解菌を食物連鎖により捕食できる微生物
を優占化させ、これによって難分解性物質分解菌を消化
する二段目の処理槽とを備えたことを特徴とする二段式
廃水処理装置。(57) [Claims] [Claim 1] The first stage in which microorganisms excellent in decomposing a hardly decomposable substance are entrapped and adhered to a carrier, and the hardly decomposable substance decomposing microorganisms are present at a high density. The processing tank is connected in series with the first processing tank, and microorganisms capable of predating the hardly decomposable substance decomposing bacteria flowing out of the first processing tank by the food chain are predominantly thereby decomposed. A two-stage wastewater treatment apparatus comprising a second-stage treatment tank for digesting bacteria.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP11834794A JP3429368B2 (en) | 1994-05-31 | 1994-05-31 | Two-stage wastewater treatment equipment |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP11834794A JP3429368B2 (en) | 1994-05-31 | 1994-05-31 | Two-stage wastewater treatment equipment |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH07323296A JPH07323296A (en) | 1995-12-12 |
| JP3429368B2 true JP3429368B2 (en) | 2003-07-22 |
Family
ID=14734451
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP11834794A Expired - Fee Related JP3429368B2 (en) | 1994-05-31 | 1994-05-31 | Two-stage wastewater treatment equipment |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3429368B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4923504B2 (en) * | 2005-09-30 | 2012-04-25 | 栗田工業株式会社 | Biological treatment method and biological treatment apparatus for organic wastewater |
| JP2009119406A (en) * | 2007-11-16 | 2009-06-04 | Hitachi Plant Technologies Ltd | Wastewater treatment method and apparatus |
-
1994
- 1994-05-31 JP JP11834794A patent/JP3429368B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH07323296A (en) | 1995-12-12 |
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