JP3418749B2 - Wastewater treatment method in refuse incineration facility - Google Patents
Wastewater treatment method in refuse incineration facilityInfo
- Publication number
- JP3418749B2 JP3418749B2 JP25427196A JP25427196A JP3418749B2 JP 3418749 B2 JP3418749 B2 JP 3418749B2 JP 25427196 A JP25427196 A JP 25427196A JP 25427196 A JP25427196 A JP 25427196A JP 3418749 B2 JP3418749 B2 JP 3418749B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- wastewater
- tank
- heavy metals
- organic
- inorganic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
Landscapes
- Biological Treatment Of Waste Water (AREA)
- Separation Of Suspended Particles By Flocculating Agents (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】この発明は、都市ごみを焼却
するごみ焼却処理施設において発生する排水の処理方法
に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術と発明が解決しようとする課題】都市ごみ
焼却処理施設において発生する排水は、重金属類および
浮遊物質を含む無機系排水と有機物を含む有機系排水に
大別される。具体的にいえば、無機系排水には、焼却灰
を冷却する灰冷却水槽（クリンカチャンネル）から発生
する灰汚水、灰押出装置から発生する灰押出装置汚水、
灰ピットに堆積した焼却灰層の底部から浸出する灰ピッ
ト排水、純水装置のイオン交換樹脂を再生したときに発
生する純水再生排水、ボイラドラムより連続的ブローま
たは休転時に全量ブローされるボイラブロー排水、およ
び工場棟内の床を洗浄したときに発生する床洗浄排水等
がある。一方、有機系排水には、ごみピットに堆積され
たごみ層の底部から浸出するごみピット排水、便所、風
呂、厨房設備等から発生する生活排水、ごみ収集車を洗
浄したときに発生する洗車排水、およびプラットホーム
を洗浄したときに発生するプラットホーム床洗浄排水等
がある。
【０００３】従来、無機系排水および有機系排水は、そ
れぞれ別個に処理されていた。すなわち、無機系排水
は、アルカリ剤、凝集剤および凝集助剤からなる薬剤を
添加して重金属類を水酸化物として不溶化するとともに
浮遊物質を凝集させ、ついで重金属類の水酸化物および
浮遊物質の凝集物を沈降分離させた後、その上澄み排水
を中和することによって処理されていた。また、有機系
排水は、有機系排水中の有機物を生物処理して分解し、
生じた汚泥を沈降分離させることによって処理されてい
た。
【０００４】しかしながら、上記のようにして処理され
た処理水の水質が、水質汚濁防止法や下水道法等で定め
られる水質基準に適合していない場合があった。
【０００５】そこで、本発明者等は、その原因を究明す
るために、まず都市ごみ焼却処理施設において発生する
排水の水質を分析した。その結果を表１に示す。
【０００６】
【表１】
【０００７】なお、表１中ＳＳとは、浮遊物質を表す。
【０００８】表１から明らかなように、無機系排水のう
ち灰汚水、灰押出装置汚水、灰ピット排水および床洗浄
排水中のＢＯＤおよびＣＯＤの値が、有機系排水中のＢ
ＯＤおよびＣＯＤの値と同等であり、したがってこれら
の無機系排水にも生物処理を施すことが必要となること
が判明した。
【０００９】そのため、最近では、上述した実情に鑑み
て図２および図３に示すような排水の処理方法が考えら
れている。
【００１０】図２に示す方法は次の通りである。すなわ
ち、有機系排水および無機系排水を混ぜ合せて原水槽(2
0)に貯留しておき、この混合排水を中和槽(21)に送って
中和剤の添加により中和する。ついで、生物処理槽(22)
に送り、槽(22)内に浸漬された接触材に付着した好気性
微生物により有機物を代謝分解させる。このとき、槽(2
2)内には曝気しておく。ついで、反応槽(23)に送り、ア
ルカリ剤、凝集剤および凝集助剤からなる薬剤を添加し
て重金属類を水酸化物として不溶化するとともに浮遊物
質を凝集させる。ついで、沈殿槽(24)に送り、有機物の
代謝分解物、重金属類の水酸化物および浮遊物質の凝集
物を沈降分離させた後、アルカリ性を示すその上澄み排
水を中和槽(25)に送り、中和剤の添加により中和する。
最後に、砂濾過槽に送って濾過した後、処理水を放流あ
るいは再利用する。
【００１１】図３に示す方法は次の通りである。すなわ
ち、有機系排水および無機系排水を混ぜ合せて原水槽(3
0)に貯留しておき、この混合排水を反応槽(31)に送り、
アルカリ剤、凝集剤および凝集助剤からなる薬剤を添加
して重金属類を水酸化物として不溶化するとともに浮遊
物質を凝集させる。ついで、沈殿槽(32)に送り、重金属
類の水酸化物および浮遊物質の凝集物を沈降分離させた
後、アルカリ性を示すその上澄み排水を中和槽(33)に送
り、中和剤の添加により中和する。ついで、生物処理槽
(34)に送り、槽(34)内に浸漬された接触材に付着した好
気性微生物により有機物を代謝分解させる。このとき、
槽(34)内には曝気しておく。最後に、砂濾過槽(35)に送
って濾過した後、処理水を放流あるいは再利用する。
【００１２】しかしながら、上述した２つの方法では、
有機系排水と無機系排水の混合排水の全量を全処理工程
に送るため、処理設備を大型化しなければならず、コス
トが高くなるという問題がある。また、重金属類を水酸
化物として不溶化するとともに浮遊物質を凝集させるた
めのアルカリ剤、凝集剤および凝集助剤からなる薬剤
を、混合排水の全量に対して一定量添加しなければなら
ず、無機系排水を単独で処理する場合に比べて薬剤量が
増加し、そのコストが高くなる。
【００１３】さらに、図２に示す方法では、混合排水中
の重金属類の量が多くなると、生物処理槽中の好気性微
生物に悪影響を及ぼし、処理効率が低下する。
【００１４】この発明の目的は、上記問題を解決し、処
理設備を大型化する必要がなく、アルカリ剤、凝集剤お
よび凝集助剤からなる薬剤の使用量も比較的に少なく、
しかも有機物の生物処理を効果的に行いうるごみ焼却処
理施設における排水処理方法を提供することにある。
【００１５】
【課題を解決するための手段と発明の効果】この発明に
よるごみ焼却処理施設における排水処理方法は、無機系
排水にアルカリ剤、凝集剤および凝集助剤からなる薬剤
を添加して重金属類を水酸化物として不溶化するととも
に浮遊物質を凝集させる第１工程と、重金属類の水酸化
物および浮遊物質の凝集物を沈降分離させる第２工程
と、第２工程での上澄み排水を中和する第３工程と、第
３工程で中和した上澄み排水に有機系排水を混入する第
４工程と、混合排水中の有機物を生物処理して分解する
第５工程とを含むものである。
【００１６】この発明の方法によれば、無機系排水にア
ルカリ剤、凝集剤および凝集助剤からなる薬剤を添加し
て重金属類を水酸化物として不溶化するとともに浮遊物
質を凝集させた後、重金属類の水酸化物および浮遊物質
の凝集物を沈降分離させ、その上澄み排水を中和した後
この上澄み排水に有機系排水を混入し、この混合排水中
の有機物を生物処理して分解しているので、図２および
図３に示す従来法のように、有機系排水と無機系排水の
混合排水の全量を全処理工程に送る必要はない。したが
って、処理設備を比較的小型化することが可能になっ
て、コストが安くなる。また、重金属類を水酸化物とし
て不溶化するとともに浮遊物質を凝集させるためのアル
カリ剤、凝集剤および凝集助剤からなる薬剤を、無機系
排水の量に対して一定量添加するだけでよく、図２およ
び図３に示す従来法に比べて薬剤量が少なくて済み、そ
のコストが安くなる。
【００１７】さらに、無機系排水中の重金属類の量が多
くなったとしても、これが生物処理工程の前に除去され
るので、図２に示す従来法に比べて処理効率が向上す
る。
【００１８】
【発明の実施の形態】以下、この発明の実施の形態を、
図面を参照して説明する。
【００１９】図１において、無機系排水は、第１原水槽
(1) に送り込まれ、ここで貯留されている。そして、第
１原水槽(1) に貯留されている無機系排水を反応槽(2)
に送り、アルカリ剤、凝集剤および凝集助剤からなる薬
剤を添加して重金属類を水酸化物として不溶化するとと
もに浮遊物質を凝集させる。ついで、沈殿槽(3) に送
り、重金属類の水酸化物および浮遊物質の凝集物を沈降
分離させた後、アルカリ性を示すその上澄み排水を中和
槽(4) に送り、中和剤の添加により中和する。
【００２０】ついで、重金属類および浮遊物質が除去さ
れた排水を第２原水槽(5) に送り、ここで貯留しておく
とともに、この排水に有機系排水を混入する。ついで、
混合排水を生物処理槽(6) に送り、槽(6) 内に浸漬され
た接触材に付着した好気性微生物により有機物を代謝分
解させる。このとき、槽(6) 内には曝気しておく。つい
で、有機物が分解された排水を沈殿槽(7) に送り、ここ
で有機物の分解物からなる汚泥を沈降分離した後処理水
槽(8) に送る。処理水槽(8) 内の処理水の水質が放流基
準値を満足していれば処理水を放流する。また、処理水
槽(8) 内の処理水の水質が利用先の必要水質を満足して
いれば処理水を再利用する。省資源および省エネルギの
観点からは、処理水を再利用することが好ましい。
【００２１】処理水槽(8) 内の処理水の水質が放流基準
値や、利用先の必要水質を満足していなければ、処理水
を処理水槽(8) から砂濾過槽(9) 、活性炭吸着層(10)、
滅菌槽(11)に順次送って砂濾過、活性炭吸着、滅菌から
なる高度処理を施し、その後放流あるいは再利用され
る。高度処理を施した場合、処理水の水質は放流基準値
や、利用先の必要水質を満足させる。Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for treating wastewater generated in a refuse incineration facility for incinerating municipal waste. 2. Description of the Related Art Wastewater generated in municipal solid waste incineration facilities is roughly classified into inorganic wastewater containing heavy metals and suspended substances and organic wastewater containing organic substances. Specifically, the inorganic wastewater includes ash sewage generated from an ash cooling water tank (clinker channel) for cooling incinerated ash, ash extruder sewage generated from an ash extruder,
Ash pit drainage leaching from the bottom of the incineration ash layer deposited in the ash pit, pure water regeneration drainage generated when the ion exchange resin in the pure water equipment is regenerated, continuous blow from the boiler drum or full blown during idle There are boiler blow drainage and floor wash drainage generated when cleaning floors in factory buildings. On the other hand, organic wastewater includes garbage pit wastewater leached from the bottom of the garbage layer deposited in the garbage pit, domestic wastewater generated from toilets, baths, kitchen facilities, etc., and car wash wastewater generated when cleaning garbage trucks. , And platform floor cleaning drainage generated when the platform is cleaned. Conventionally, inorganic wastewater and organic wastewater have been separately treated. That is, the inorganic wastewater is added with a chemical consisting of an alkali agent, a coagulant and a coagulation aid to insolubilize heavy metals as hydroxide and coagulate suspended substances, and then to form hydroxides and suspended substances of heavy metals. After sedimentation of the agglomerates, the supernatant was treated by neutralizing the wastewater. In addition, organic wastewater decomposes organic matter in organic wastewater by biological treatment,
The sludge generated was treated by settling. However, the quality of the treated water treated as described above may not conform to the water quality standards set by the Water Pollution Control Law, the Sewerage Law, and the like. [0005] In order to investigate the cause, the present inventors first analyzed the water quality of wastewater generated in a municipal waste incineration plant. Table 1 shows the results. [Table 1] [0007] Note that SS in Table 1 represents a suspended substance. As apparent from Table 1, the BOD and COD values of ash wastewater, ash extruder wastewater, ash pit wastewater, and floor cleaning wastewater among inorganic wastewaters are lower than those of organic wastewater.
It was found that these values were equivalent to the values of OD and COD, and therefore, it was necessary to subject these inorganic wastewaters to biological treatment. Therefore, recently, in view of the above-mentioned situation, a method of treating wastewater as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 has been considered. The method shown in FIG. 2 is as follows. That is, the raw water tank (2
The mixed wastewater is sent to a neutralization tank (21) and neutralized by adding a neutralizing agent. Next, biological treatment tank (22)
The organic matter is metabolically decomposed by the aerobic microorganisms attached to the contact material immersed in the tank (22). At this time, the tank (2
2) Keep aeration inside. Then, the mixture is sent to the reaction tank (23), and a chemical consisting of an alkali agent, a coagulant and a coagulation aid is added to insolubilize heavy metals as hydroxide and coagulate suspended substances. Then, it is sent to the sedimentation tank (24) to separate sedimentation of metabolites of organic substances, hydroxides of heavy metals and aggregates of suspended solids, and the alkaline wastewater is sent to the neutralization tank (25). And neutralization by adding a neutralizing agent.
Finally, after sending to a sand filtration tank and filtering, treated water is discharged or reused. The method shown in FIG. 3 is as follows. That is, the organic wastewater and the inorganic wastewater are mixed and mixed in a raw water tank (3
0) and send this mixed wastewater to the reaction tank (31),
A chemical consisting of an alkali agent, a coagulant and a coagulation aid is added to insolubilize heavy metals as hydroxide and coagulate suspended substances. Then, it is sent to the sedimentation tank (32), and the sedimentation of hydroxides of heavy metals and suspended solids is settled.The supernatant water showing alkalinity is sent to the neutralization tank (33), and the neutralizing agent is added. Neutralize with Next, biological treatment tank
(34), and organic matter is metabolically decomposed by aerobic microorganisms attached to the contact material immersed in the tank (34). At this time,
The tank (34) is aerated. Finally, after sending to the sand filtration tank (35) for filtration, the treated water is discharged or reused. However, in the above two methods,
Since the entire amount of the mixed wastewater of the organic wastewater and the inorganic wastewater is sent to all the treatment steps, the treatment equipment must be increased in size and the cost increases. In addition, a certain amount of an alkali agent, a coagulant and a coagulation aid for coagulating suspended substances while insolubilizing heavy metals as hydroxides must be added to the entire amount of the mixed wastewater. The amount of the drug increases and the cost increases as compared with the case where the system wastewater is treated alone. Further, in the method shown in FIG. 2, when the amount of heavy metals in the mixed wastewater increases, the aerobic microorganisms in the biological treatment tank are adversely affected, and the treatment efficiency is reduced. An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems, eliminate the need for increasing the size of processing equipment, and use a relatively small amount of a chemical comprising an alkali agent, a flocculant and a flocculant.
Moreover, it is an object of the present invention to provide a wastewater treatment method in a refuse incineration facility capable of effectively performing biological treatment of organic matter. Means for Solving the Problems and Effects of the Invention A wastewater treatment method in a refuse incineration plant according to the present invention is directed to a method of adding a metal comprising an alkali agent, a flocculant and a flocculant to inorganic wastewater. 1st step of insolubilizing the substances as hydroxide and coagulating suspended solids, 2nd step of sedimentation of hydroxides of heavy metals and aggregates of suspended substances, and neutralization of supernatant wastewater in 2nd step A fourth step of mixing organic wastewater into the supernatant wastewater neutralized in the third step, and a fifth step of biologically treating and decomposing organic substances in the mixed wastewater. According to the method of the present invention, a chemical comprising an alkali agent, a flocculant and a flocculant is added to the inorganic wastewater to insolubilize heavy metals as hydroxides and to coagulate suspended solids. Sedimentation and separation of aggregates of hydroxides and suspended solids, neutralize the supernatant wastewater, mix organic wastewater into the supernatant wastewater, and biologically treat and decompose the organic matter in the mixed wastewater Therefore, unlike the conventional method shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, it is not necessary to send the entire amount of the mixed wastewater of the organic wastewater and the inorganic wastewater to all the treatment steps. Therefore, the processing equipment can be relatively reduced in size, and the cost can be reduced. Also, it is only necessary to add a certain amount of an alkali agent, a flocculant and a flocculant aid for coagulating suspended substances while insolubilizing heavy metals as a hydroxide, relative to the amount of inorganic wastewater. 2 and the conventional method shown in FIG. 3 requires a smaller amount of drug, and the cost is reduced. Furthermore, even if the amount of heavy metals in the inorganic wastewater is increased, it is removed before the biological treatment step, so that the treatment efficiency is improved as compared with the conventional method shown in FIG. Embodiments of the present invention will be described below.
This will be described with reference to the drawings. In FIG. 1, an inorganic wastewater is supplied to a first raw water tank.
Sent to (1) and stored here. Then, the inorganic wastewater stored in the first raw water tank (1) is transferred to the reaction tank (2).
And a chemical comprising an alkali agent, a coagulant and a coagulant is added to insolubilize heavy metals as hydroxide and coagulate suspended substances. Then, it is sent to the sedimentation tank (3) to settle and separate the hydroxides of heavy metals and aggregates of suspended solids.The supernatant water showing alkalinity is sent to the neutralization tank (4), and the neutralizing agent is added. Neutralize with Next, the waste water from which heavy metals and suspended substances have been removed is sent to a second raw water tank (5), where it is stored and mixed with organic waste water. Then
The mixed wastewater is sent to the biological treatment tank (6), where organic substances are metabolically decomposed by aerobic microorganisms attached to the contact material immersed in the tank (6). At this time, the inside of the tank (6) is aerated. Next, the wastewater from which the organic matter has been decomposed is sent to a sedimentation tank (7), where the sludge composed of the organic matter decomposed is settled and separated, and then sent to a treatment water tank (8). If the quality of the treated water in the treated water tank (8) satisfies the discharge standard value, the treated water is discharged. If the quality of the treated water in the treated water tank (8) satisfies the required water quality of the destination, the treated water will be reused. From the viewpoint of resource saving and energy saving, it is preferable to reuse the treated water. If the quality of the treated water in the treated water tank (8) does not satisfy the discharge standard value or the required water quality of the destination, the treated water is transferred from the treated water tank (8) to the sand filtration tank (9) and the activated carbon is adsorbed. Layer (10),
It is sequentially sent to the sterilization tank (11) and subjected to advanced treatment including sand filtration, activated carbon adsorption and sterilization, and then discharged or reused. When advanced treatment is performed, the quality of the treated water satisfies the discharge standard value and the required water quality of the destination.
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】この発明による方法の実施形態を示すフローシ
ートである。
【図２】従来法を示すフローシートである。
【図３】他の従来法を示すフローシートである。BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a flow sheet showing an embodiment of the method according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a flow sheet showing a conventional method. FIG. 3 is a flow sheet showing another conventional method.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (51)Int.Cl.7 識別記号 ＦＩ Ｃ０２Ｆ 9/00 ５０４ Ｃ０２Ｆ 9/00 ５０４Ａ ５０４Ｅ 1/52 1/52 Ｋ 3/06 3/06 (56)参考文献 特開 平９−253694（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平９−253693（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭60−14998（ＪＰ，Ａ) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7，ＤＢ名) C02F 9/00 501 C02F 9/00 502 C02F 3/06 C02F 3/12 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. 7 Identification code FI C02F 9/00 504 C02F 9/00 504A 504E 1/52 1/52 K 3/06 3/06 (56) References JP 9-253694 (JP, A) JP-A-9-253693 (JP, A) JP-A-60-14998 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. 7 , DB name) C02F 9/00 501 C02F 9/00 502 C02F 3/06 C02F 3/12
Claims (1)
凝集助剤からなる薬剤を添加して重金属類を水酸化物と
して不溶化するとともに浮遊物質を凝集させる第１工程
と、重金属類の水酸化物および浮遊物質の凝集物を沈降
分離させる第２工程と、第２工程での上澄み排水を中和
する第３工程と、第３工程で中和した上澄み排水に有機
物を含む有機系排水を混入する第４工程と、混合排水中
の有機物を生物処理して分解する第５工程とを含むごみ
焼却処理施設における排水処理方法。(57) [Claim 1] A method of adding an agent comprising an alkali agent, a coagulant and a coagulation aid to inorganic wastewater to insolubilize heavy metals as hydroxide and coagulate suspended matter. 1 step, 2nd step of sedimentation and separation of hydroxides of heavy metals and suspended solids, 3rd step of neutralizing supernatant wastewater in 2nd step, and supernatant wastewater neutralized in 3rd step A wastewater treatment method in a refuse incineration plant, comprising: a fourth step of mixing organic wastewater containing organic matter into the wastewater; and a fifth step of biologically treating and decomposing organic matter in the mixed wastewater.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP25427196A JP3418749B2 (en) | 1996-09-26 | 1996-09-26 | Wastewater treatment method in refuse incineration facility |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP25427196A JP3418749B2 (en) | 1996-09-26 | 1996-09-26 | Wastewater treatment method in refuse incineration facility |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH1099898A JPH1099898A (en) | 1998-04-21 |
| JP3418749B2 true JP3418749B2 (en) | 2003-06-23 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| JP25427196A Expired - Fee Related JP3418749B2 (en) | 1996-09-26 | 1996-09-26 | Wastewater treatment method in refuse incineration facility |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP6123833B2 (en) * | 2015-03-31 | 2017-05-10 | 栗田工業株式会社 | Wastewater treatment method for incineration plant |
| CN104876392A (en) * | 2015-05-11 | 2015-09-02 | 苏州瑞钰特自动化科技有限公司 | Coating wastewater treatment process |
| JP7251373B2 (en) * | 2019-07-12 | 2023-04-04 | 栗田工業株式会社 | Wastewater treatment method |
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| JPH1099898A (en) | 1998-04-21 |
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