JP3409359B2 - 3D input device - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a three-dimensional input device suitable for application to a three-dimensional video special effect device. 2. Description of the Related Art For example, a special image is set on an image on a monitor, and a three-dimensional image is obtained in order to obtain a special effect such as moving the special image in the depth direction or moving while rotating. Special effects equipment is used. Such 3
In the three-dimensional image special effect device, a special image is created in the image special effect processing unit, and the special image is moved by three-dimensional data input from a three-dimensional input device such as a spherical trackball or a lever-shaped joystick. I have. [0003] By the way, the three-dimensional video special effect device can express perspective.
When viewed on the screen of the monitor, when the special image is far away in the depth direction, the size is smaller than when the special image is near. Also, if the input data of the three-dimensional input device is the same, the moving speed at each point of the special image located far away and the special image located near, that is, the moving amount at each point with respect to the input data becomes the same. . Therefore, even if the amount of rotation of the trackball is the same, a special image located far away moves by a short distance and a special image located nearby appears to move a long distance when viewed on the monitor screen. . This gives a sense of perspective. However, in this case, when a distant special image is moved to a predetermined position on a monitor, a trackball or the like must be operated many times as compared with moving a nearby special image. In addition, a nearby special image may move from one end of the screen to the other with only a slight movement of a trackball or the like, which may be inconvenient. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problem, and it is an object of the present invention to optimally set a relationship between an operation amount of a data input unit and a moving distance of a special image according to a distance in a depth direction of the special image. The present invention proposes a three-dimensional input device capable of performing the following. [0007] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a three-dimensional input device according to the present invention provides a three-dimensional input device for moving a special image created by an image special effect processing unit in a three-dimensional direction. In a three-dimensional input device for inputting data ,
A data input unit for inputting a movement amount as an operation amount, and data
Cuts the correlation between the amount of operation on the input unit and the amount of movement of the special image.
And a switch for setting the moving amount.
The switch switches the special image for the operation amount of the data input
The amount of movement is inversely proportional to the depth of this special image
And normal operation mode for data output and data input section operation
The amount of movement of the special image relative to the amount
Constant amount movement mode that keeps the output constant regardless of the direction distance
Is switched . [0008] For example, when it is desired to quickly move a special image B in the depth direction as shown in FIG. 8A, in this example, in the Z direction, to a predetermined position, the moving amount setting in FIG. The switch 28 sets the fixed amount movement mode. Now, CP
At U11, the count values X1, Y1, Z1 of the respective counters 23, 24, 25 are converted into output data X, Y, Z by a function corresponding to the distance in the Z direction of the special image and output.
The output data X, Y, and Z are supplied to the video special effect processing unit 15, whereby the special video at a distance moves. In this embodiment, for example, the farther the special image is, the more the output data X,
It is possible to increase the rate of increase of Y and Z, and FIG.
As shown in the figure, the moving distance X2 of the special image A near the monitor 16 per one rotation of the trackball and the moving distance X2 of the special image B located far away can be made the same. Therefore, even when moving the special image B at a distance, the operability is improved because it is not necessary to operate the trackball 21 or the rotating ring 22 as much as in the past. Next, a three-dimensional input device according to the present invention will be described.
An embodiment applied to a three-dimensional image special effect device will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a system of a three-dimensional video special effect device 1 to which a three-dimensional input device according to the present invention is applied. In the three-dimensional video special effect device 1, a bus 1
2, a three-dimensional and parameter input unit 13, a graphic display creation unit 14, and a video special effect processing unit 15 are connected. The video special effect processing section 15 applies a special effect to the video signal supplied from the outside and supplies the video signal to the video monitor 16, whereby the video with the special effect is displayed on the screen. Various operations such as moving or rotating the position of the special image projected on the image monitor 16 on a plane parallel to the screen or in the depth direction with respect to this plane are as follows:
This is performed by the three-dimensional and parameter input unit (data input unit) 13. This three-dimensional and parameter input unit 13
The trackball 21 is spherical and can be rotated in any direction.
And a rotating ring 22 disposed on the outer periphery of the trackball 21 and rotatable along the outer periphery of the trackball 21. The amount of rotation of the trackball 21 is detected by an X counter 23 and a Y counter 24, and the amount of rotation of the rotating ring 22 is detected by a Z counter 25. Further, here, a cursor switch 26 for setting a parameter for determining a state of a special video described later to be settable,
A 3D input switch 27 for enabling a special image to be operable, a normal movement mode for changing the movement distance of the special image in accordance with the distance in the depth direction with respect to the operation amount of the trackball 21 or the rotating ring 22, or A movement amount setting switch 28 for setting a fixed amount movement mode for keeping the movement distance constant regardless of the distance in the depth direction is provided. The trackball 21, the rotating ring 22, the cursor switch 26, the 3D input switch 27, and the movement amount setting switch 28 are mounted on the panel 2 as shown in FIG. Various other data input switches 29 are attached to the panel 2. Now, in FIG. 1, parameters for determining the state of the special image are displayed in various menus created by the graphic display creating section 14.
Each menu is supplied to the menu monitor 17 and displayed on the screen. When the values of the parameters are set by the trackball 21 and the rotating ring 22 as described later, the values are taken into the CPU 11, and the image special effect processing unit 15 is controlled by an instruction from the CPU 11 to determine the state of the special image. Is done. FIG. 3 shows the structure of the trackball 21 and the rotating ring 22. In FIG.
The rotating ring 22 is rotatably mounted on a base chassis 32 disposed on a printed circuit board 31. The trackball 21 is rotatable in all directions, and the rotating ring 22 is rotatable in the circumferential direction of the trackball 21. For example, the trackball 21 can input two-dimensional data corresponding to the X-axis and the Y-axis of three-dimensional coordinates, and the rotating ring 22 can input data corresponding to the Z-axis. As shown in FIG. 4, the rotary ring 22 is formed in a ring shape from a plate material having the same thickness, and has a top surface 22a conically inclined and a flange portion 22b provided on the upper surface thereof. A step 22c is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the flange 22b. At the lower end of the flange portion 22b, a large number of slits 22d having a predetermined width are provided at regular intervals over the entire circumference as shown in FIG. This slit 22
“d” is disposed so as to cross the groove-shaped optical path portion 33 a of the photo interrupter 33 attached to the base chassis 32. As shown in FIG. 4, in the rotating ring 22, a bearing 34 is disposed on the inner peripheral end face of the upper surface 22a, and a plurality of screws are provided near the bearing 34 of the upper surface 22a as shown in FIG. A part 22e is provided. And
One end of a stopper fitting 35 applied to the lower end surface of the bearing 34 is fixed by a screw portion 22e, whereby the rotating ring 22 is fixed to an outer ring portion 34a of the bearing 34. A fixed ring 36 is disposed on the inner peripheral surface of the rotating ring 22. The fixing ring 36 is supported by a stand pin 37 implanted in the base chassis 32. The inner ring portion 34b of the bearing 34 is firmly fitted into the outer peripheral surface of the fixing ring 36, and the bearing 34 is fixed. Thus, the rotating ring 22 can be rotated with a small force in the circumferential direction, that is, the direction corresponding to the Z axis. On the other hand, the track ball 21 is
6, three cylindrical support rollers 3 mounted on the base chassis 32 as shown in FIG.
8, 39 and 40 support three points. Then, as shown in FIG.
6 protrudes in a dome shape from the upper end surface, and this protruding portion can be operated from the outside. The cylindrical support rollers 38, 39, 4
Reference numeral 0 denotes a center shaft 41 that is rotatably supported, and one of the support rollers 38 is disposed so as to be perpendicular to the X direction in FIG. Another support roller 39 is arranged so as to be perpendicular to the Y direction orthogonal to the X direction. Therefore, the trackball 21
Is rotated by operating a finger, the supporting rollers 38 and 39 also rotate according to the amount of rotation. Next, the track ball 21 and the rotating ring 22
The method of detecting the rotation amount of the motor will be described. Rotating ring 22
The photointerrupter 33 is used for detecting the rotation of, that is, the rotation in the Z direction as described above. In the photo interrupter 33, as shown in FIG. 4, the light emitting element and the light receiving element are arranged on the printed circuit board 31 so as to face each other so as to form a groove-shaped optical path portion 33a. When the rotating ring 22 rotates and the slit 22d crosses the optical path 33a, a pulse-like electric signal is output from the photo interrupter 33. The amount of rotation of the rotating ring 22 can be detected by counting the number of pulses by the Z counter 25 (FIG. 1). The amount of rotation of the trackball 21 in the X or Y direction is detected by the photo interrupters 42 and 43, respectively, as shown in FIG. 6 or FIG. These photo-interrupters 42 and 43 have the same configuration as the above-described photo-interrupter 33, and the light-emitting element and the light-receiving element are arranged to face each other so as to form optical path portions 42a and 43a as shown in FIG. When the cylindrical support rollers 38 and 39 rotate, the radial slits 44a of the disk-shaped shutter plate 44 attached to the rollers cross the optical path portions 42a and 43a to output pulse-like electric signals. , This is X
By counting with the counter 23 or the Y counter 24, the amount of rotation of the trackball 21 in the X or Y direction can be detected. As shown in FIG. 1, the outputs of the X counter 23, the Y counter 24 and the Z counter 25
It is taken into PU11. And, as described above, the CPU
The special image processing unit 15 is controlled by the instruction 11 to operate the special image on the image monitor 16 in the three-dimensional direction. Here, when operating a special image, the 3D input switch 27 is turned on. This is Trackball 2
1 and the rotating ring 22 serve as operation means for a special image. When it is desired to keep the moving distance of the special image with respect to the rotation amount of the trackball 21 or the rotating ring 22 regardless of the distance, the moving amount setting switch 28 is used to set the fixed amount moving mode. In the fixed amount movement mode, the input data, that is, the count values X1, Y1, Z1 of the counters 23, 24, 25, and the monitor 1 as shown in FIG.
6 is a distance Z0 in the Z direction between the origin and the special image A or the special image B at a position separated from the screen 6 by a predetermined distance L in the Z direction.
(A) or Z0 (B) is supplied to the CPU 11, which is substituted, for example, into Equation 1 to calculate depth information f (Z0) and output data X, Y, Z for each direction. ## EQU1 ## The output data X,
Y and Z are supplied to the video special effect processing unit 15, which operates a special video. In this example, if the size of the special image and the screen of the monitor 16 are the same, the origin is set so that when the special image is at the origin, the special image is displayed on the entire screen. And the special video A near in the figure
When the special video B and the far special video B are displayed on the monitor 16, the special video B at the far site is smaller than the special video A at the near site as shown in FIG. This makes it possible to express perspective. Now, in the fixed amount movement mode, the following equation (1) is used.
As can be seen from FIG. 7, the larger the distance Z0 between the origin and the special image is, the larger the increase ratio of the output data X, Y, Z with respect to the input data X1, Y1, Z1 is. That is, it is assumed that, for example, when the trackball 21 is rotated once, the special image A located at the distance Z0 from the origin has moved by the distance X2 on the screen of the monitor 16 as shown in FIG.
Here, when the trackball 21 makes one rotation in the same direction, the distant special image B, which is twice as long as the special image A, also has a distance X2 on the screen of the monitor 16 as shown in FIG. To move. When the special images A and B are moved in the Y direction or the Z direction, the same amount of rotation of the trackball 21 or the rotating ring 22 as in the above-described case allows the special image A and the distant special image B to be moved closer to the Z direction. A certain special image A moves on the screen of the monitor 16 by the same distance. Thereby, even when the special image B located far in the Z direction is moved on the screen of the monitor 16 for a long distance, it is not necessary to rotate the trackball 21 or the rotating ring 22 so much, and the operation becomes easy. Further, in this case, even if the trackball 21 or the rotating ring 22 is rotated by the same amount, the moving distance of the nearby special image A becomes short, so that accurate positioning becomes easy. In this example, the output data X, Y, and Z are calculated using Expression 1, but the output data X, Y, and Z may be changed according to the distance of the special image in the Z direction. With, various special effects can be achieved. On the other hand, in the case where the special image is moved in consideration of the perspective as in the prior art, that is, when the special image is moved in one-to-one correspondence with the distance in the depth direction, the movement amount setting switch 28 is used.
Use to set the normal movement mode. In this case, for example, when the trackball 21 makes one rotation, FIG.
As shown in the figure, the special images A and B have the same distance X at that point.
Move by 0. At this time, assuming that the nearby special image A has moved by the distance X3 on the screen of the monitor 16 as shown in FIG. 10A, the moving distance X4 of the far special image B as shown in FIG. Is shorter than that. As a result, when viewed on the monitor 16, the special images A and B appear to move with a natural feeling according to the distances Z0 (A) and Z0 (B) in the depth direction. Now, parameters for determining the state of the special image, such as the size of the special image created by the image special effect processing section 15 and the size and color of the border (contour) 50 as shown in FIG. Is created by the graphic display creating unit 14 as described above, and is displayed on the menu monitor 17 as various menus. FIG. 7B shows an example of a menu display for border setting. In this menu, the width b of the entire border 50 is set.
Is set as a parameter for determining the width, and "H" is set as a parameter of the width b of the upper and lower borders 50A and 50B. The left and right borders 50
“V” is provided as a parameter for C and 50D. Furthermore, “Left”, “Rght”, “Top”, “Bt” are used as individual parameters of the borders 50A to 50D.
tm ". The border 50 can change the color as a whole, and its parameters are “Lum” for determining the lightness and “Sa” for determining the saturation.
t "and" Hue "for determining the hue. To set each parameter, the cursor switch 26 is pressed to display, for example, an arrow-shaped cursor 51 on the menu. As a result, each parameter can be set, the track ball 21 functions as a cursor moving unit, and the rotating ring 22 functions as a parameter setting unit. Now, in FIG. 11B, the upper border 50A
Is set to 10.00 mm, whereby the width b of the upper border 50A is set to 10 m.
m. To change this to, for example, 20 mm, turn the trackball 21 and move the cursor 51
Is moved into the parameter display area 52. Thus, the value of the parameter “Top” 10.00 can be changed. When the rotating ring 22 is turned in this state, the value of the parameter sequentially increases or decreases.
When the operation of the rotary ring 22 is stopped at 0.00, and the cursor 51 is moved out of the range of the parameter display area 52, the value of the parameter “Top” becomes 20.00.
mm. With this, the width b of the upper border 50A is 2
Displayed at 0 mm. In order to operate a special image after setting each parameter in this way, the 3D input switch 27 is turned on. As a result, the trackball 21 and the rotating ring 22 become three-dimensional input means, and a special image on the image monitor 16 can be operated. FIG. 12 shows the procedure of the input data change processing 60 in the three-dimensional video special effect device 1. In the input data change processing 60, first, the output data X,
The count values X1, Y1, and Z1 of the counters 23, 24, and 25 are set as Y and Z (step 61). next,
It is determined whether the mode is the fixed amount movement mode (step 62).
If it is determined that the mode is the fixed amount movement mode, the count information X1, Y1, Z1 is added to the depth information f (Z
0) is multiplied, and the calculated value is replaced with output data X, Y, Z (step 63). Subsequently, output data X, Y, and Z are output (step 64), and are supplied to the video special effect processing unit 15 to move the special video. If it is determined in step 62 that the mode is not the fixed amount movement mode, that is, the normal movement mode, the count values X1, Y1 and Z1 are output as they are as output data X, Y and Z in step 64. After step 64, count values X1, Y1, and Z1 are set as output data X, Y, and Z in step 61, and thereafter, the same processing as described above is repeatedly performed. In the above embodiment, the case where the trackball 21 and the rotating ring 22 are used as data input means has been described. However, the present invention is also applied to a three-dimensional input device having a joystick and other data input means. It is possible. As described above, the three-dimensional structure according to the present invention is described.
According to the input device, the amount of operation at the data input unit and special video
Travel setting switch to switch the correlation with travel distance
The movement setting switch allows the data input section
The amount of movement of the special image relative to the amount of operation
Normal movement mode that outputs in inverse proportion to the distance toward the direction of travel
The movement of the special image according to the input amount and the operation amount of the data input unit
The amount is constant regardless of the depth of this special image
The mode is switched to a constant amount movement mode for outputting the output . With this configuration, the movement amount setting switch
Normal movement mode or fixed amount movement by operation
Mode can be selected, so far in the depth direction
A special image existing in a long distance with a small amount of operation
be able to. Also, there is a special
Accurate position even when moving the image a short distance
Alignment becomes easy. Therefore, operability is extremely improved.
You.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a system diagram of a three-dimensional video special effect device to which a three-dimensional input device according to the present invention is applied. FIG. 2 is a front view of the panel 2. FIG. 3 is a plan view of a track ball 21 and a rotating ring 22. FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 3; FIG. 5 is a side view of a trackball 21 and a rotating ring 22. FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line BB of FIG. 3; FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along line CC of FIG. 5; FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a distance in a depth direction of a special image and a size on a monitor 16; FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating a moving distance of a special image in a fixed amount moving mode. FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a moving distance of a special image in a normal moving mode. FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating a border. FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating a procedure of input data change processing. [Description of Signs] 1 3D video special effect device 2 Panel 11 CPU 13 3D and parameter input unit 15 Video special effect processing unit 21 Trackball 22 Rotating ring 23 X counter 24 Y counter 25 Z counter 26 Cursor switch 27 3D input Switch 28 Movement amount setting switch 31 Printed circuit board 32 Base chassis 33, 42, 43 Photo interrupter 36 Fixing rings 38, 39, 40 Support roller 51 Cursor 52 Parameter display area

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-62-40520 (JP, A) JP-A-2-282818 (JP, A) JP-A-6-303508 (JP, A) JP-A-6-303508 303509 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) H04N 5/262 H04N 5/222 G06F 3/00-3/033

Claims (1)

(57) [Claim 1] In a three-dimensional input device for inputting data for moving a special image created by an image special effect processing unit in a three-dimensional direction, a movement amount of the special image Data input to input
Force unit , the operation amount in the data input unit and the movement amount of the special image,
And a movement setting switch for switching the correlation of the movement setting switch, movement of the special image on the operation amount of the data input unit
Output in inverse proportion to the distance of the special image in the depth direction.
Normal movement mode to be pressed and movement of the special image with respect to the operation amount of the data input unit
The amount is fixed regardless of the distance of the special image in the depth direction.
A three-dimensional input device , which switches between a fixed amount movement mode and a fixed amount movement mode .