JP3407636B2 - Electronic wind instrument - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [0001] The present invention relates to a natural wind instrument.
That can add expression to the performance sound based on
For a wind instrument or equivalently as an electronic wind instrument
The present invention relates to a performance input device capable of functioning. [0002] 2. Description of the Related Art Natural wind instruments respond to player operations.
Various performance expressions are possible. Such various performances
One of the playing styles for performing playing expressions is called "replacement finger"
There is a playing technique. In general, a “replacement finger” has two different
There is a meaning / concept. One of them is the standard meaning
It has the same pitch (scale note)
It refers to a different fingering technique. This
A "replacement finger" such as
Used to make sound using fingering that is easier to play
Can be The other is to emit a predetermined scale note (note)
The basic fingering is the same,
The finger on the specified key or hole near the open end of the pipe.
By adding or not adding operations,
A fingering technique that changes the tone of the middle tone
To tell. In this case, the tone of the tone
However, the pitch also changes. Such a "replacement
The "finger" means, for example, "nori" or "originality"
Used in jazz and light music to produce
Many. Hereinafter, in the present specification, if necessary, the former
The replacement finger is called the standard replacement finger, and the latter replacement finger is the special replacement finger.
Use them properly by calling them "fingers". The specification of the present application
In the invention described in this document, the latter "replacement finger"
It is intended to imitate a special “replacement finger”. [0003] "Replacement finger" in natural musical instruments has become an electronic musical instrument
Has been attempted in the past to be able to imitate
I have. However, in the prior art, the former “replacement”
E-finger (standard replacement finger) playing method can be imitated on electronic musical instruments
It was just something we did. In addition, conventional technology
In the art, the playing style to play the same pitched sound
When there are multiple
Pitch of the musical tone to be output in order to use the different tones
One performance form from among multiple performance forms
State and perform tone control corresponding to the determined performance mode.
It is also considered. However, in the prior art
Simply adds timbre control when changing fingers.
The latter "replacement finger"
(Special replacement finger) so that playing techniques can be realized on electronic musical instruments
There was no positive idea to make it. In addition,
In the case of the electronic wind instrument,
Mouthpiece like a natural wind instrument without depending on key operation
It is controlled by the breath pressure from Therefore, the attack part
The generation of musical tones with the characteristic of
Unless the pressure rises from 0 to a predetermined value or more,
The generation cannot be controlled. [0004] As described above, as described above,
Conventional technology that can imitate the "finger" in electronic musical instruments
Is basically a standard "replacement finger" as described above.
Since it only imitated the law, additional tone control
Even if I could do it, it was only then,
Fine-tune the pitch according to the “replacement finger” playing style
I couldn't control it. Therefore, the prior art
Mimics the special “replacement finger” playing technique described above
Is not conceived, and expressive performance can be performed
Was not enough. By the way, the above-mentioned special “replacement finger” playing method is
Generally, in an actual performance, a predetermined scale sound (note) is generated.
While maintaining the basic fingering operation for
Repeat the opening and closing operation of the specified key or hole as appropriate
It is done by doing. In that case, the generated sound
The basic pitch maintains the scale sound corresponding to the basic fingering operation
When a special “replacement finger” is performed (that is,
Finger operation to close a predetermined key or hole is performed.
), The timbre and pitch of the tone being sounded are changed.
When the special “replacement finger” is released (that is,
Finger operation to close the specified key or hole is released.
When this returns to open), the tone and tone of the tone being sounded
The high will be restored. Limited to subtle pitch control
If you try, control for such special "replacement finger",
Realized based on standard "replacement finger" technology for conventional electronic wind instruments
If so, it is not impossible to some extent. Sand
The detected replacement finger performance corresponds to the special “replacement finger”
Is determined, and if applicable, the specified pitch bend
Adds data to the pitch of the scale corresponding to the basic fingering operation
Can be finely adjusted by the pitch corresponding to the pitch bend data.
It is conceivable to perform a control of performing variable control. Only
However, such a control method corresponds to the basic fingering operation.
The control of the chromatic note is maintained, and
Subtle bend control of pitch
As it is a form of middle pitch bend control, the sound is sharp
And the expression may be poor.
is there. In other words, the special "replacement finger"
In order to imitate it as a powerful playing technique,
Mere pitch bend control of the sound is not enough. [0006] The present invention has been made in view of the above points.
Can imitate the special replacement fingering technique as described above
To provide an electronic wind instrument
You. Further, the present invention provides a special replacement fingering technique as described above.
Adds sharpness to the sound when using electronic wind instruments
And expressive performance
Is to try to be able to. In addition,
The invention of the present application, when a predetermined replacement fingering technique is performed,
Not only sound tone but also pitch can be controlled finely
And thereby mimic the special replacement fingering technique described above.
To provide an electronic wind instrument that can be
Things. [0007] [MEANS FOR SOLVING THE PROBLEMS]
Therefore, the electronic wind instrument according to the present invention has a plurality of
Key operation detection for detecting the operation state of each key.
Output means, based on the output of the key operation detection means,
Played notes according to the combination of operating states of each key
To determine the note and the base for the desired note.
A predetermined combination of the operation states of the keys according to the fingering
The desired note can be determined according to the
Follow the prescribed alternate finger operation for the same note
Even if a predetermined combination of the operation states of the keys
Note determining means for determining a note;
When a predetermined replacement finger operation is performed,Compatible with the above basic fingering
Indicate a note that is a semitone different from the desired note
Issue new note-on informationAnd this note-on
The desired pitch of the note indicated by the information
A certain cent toward the pitch of the current note
To generate pitch control informationControl means
In response to the new issue of the note-on information,
Attach the tone corresponding to the note determined by the
The feature is to indicate what should occur in the tone characteristics of the sound section
It is assumed that. According to this invention, the predetermined replacement finger operation is performed.
Note-on information is updated in response to the replacement finger operation.
Issued to the musician, thereby producing a tone with the tone characteristics of the attack part.
Because it is instructed what should happen,
The sounding instruction control based on breath pressure from the
Even if it is shown, a tone is generated by the tone characteristics of the attack part
Control can be performed. So for the desired note
Perform the performance by specifying the desired note according to the basic fingering of
While playing, make sure that
When a predetermined key operation is added, the same as the desired note
Note that the performance of the note
Detected by the note determining means, and the same note as the desired note.
Can be determined while issuing from the control means
Music corresponding to the note according to the note-on information
Can be generated with the tone characteristics of the attack portion. You
In other words, receiving the newly issued note-on information
In such a tone generator, as is generally known,
The new key-on event, and
A new musical tone with the musical characteristics of the
All tone generation operations are performed so that the tone of the same note
You control your body. For example, musical tone waveform, volume
Envelope, filter control envelope, pitch control envelope
Various musical elements such as bellows start from the characteristics of the attack part.
Is generated and controlled. Therefore, the invention
According to the above, when the special replacement fingering technique is performed
In addition, it generates a musical sound with the same note as the previous sound.
To control the generation of new tones with the tone characteristics of the attack part.
It will be possible to add sharpness to the sound,
Excellent that you can further enhance your performance expression
It has the effect. [0009] The imitation performance of the special replacement finger playing method as described above is
In order to increase, when the predetermined replacement finger operation is performed,
Predetermined tone control information and pitch control according to the replacement finger operation
By generating information, the tone and pitch of the generated tone
It is preferable to finely control the variable
Of course. In that case, the control means is configured to
When the replacement finger operation is performed, before the corresponding basic fingering
A note that indicates a note that is a semitone different from the desired note
Issue new on-information and add this note-on information
The pitch of the note indicated by the
To shift the pitch by a certain cent toward the pitch
It is preferable to generate the pitch control information. this
If x cents for the regular pitch of the desired note
If you want to shift the pitch by half a second,
Note-on to indicate the note above the sound (100 cents above)
Information, and the pitch control information is "100-x" cents.
You only need to give something that indicates below. Then these
In the tone generator that has received the information of
The tone corresponding to the note on the semitone of the
x "cents below the pitch
The final pitch of the desired note
A musical tone with a pitch shifted up by x cents
Can occur. Conversely, the regular note of the desired note
Want to shift the pitch x cents below the pitch
Is a note one semitone below (100 cents below) the desired note
Is issued, and the pitch control information is
Give it something that says "100-x" cents above
No. Generally, the regular pitch feeling of the note is impaired.
If you want to finely control the pitch without
The pitch shift set amount x is appropriately less than 50 cents.
Will be set to the value of In this way, note-on information
Information that indicates the notes included in the report
Dare above or below that semitone without the corresponding predetermined note
Is set, and the desired pitch deviation set amount x is finally obtained.
To set the pitch control information by the difference value
Is a form of note-on information
Because it can be treated as a separate note,
is there. For example, on the musical sound generator side,
Or when different tone waveform memories are used for each sound range.
Or not only for the tone waveform, but for each note or
For example, different tone control is performed for each range
A new note as a completely different note from the previous note
It is possible to add unique tone control
It can add a variety of expressive power to the performance sound. In implementing the present invention, special
New note-on information is issued in response to the replacement finger operation
When controlling the generation of new sounds with the tone characteristics of the attack part,
Issue note-off information and erase its sound
It is of course possible to appropriately perform
It is a theory. Also, additional key operation for special replacement finger
If you release the key and return to basic fingering,
(That is, the tone corresponding to the special finger)
Information and generate new sounds (musical sounds corresponding to basic fingering).
To generate note-on information.
With this, each time you repeat the special replacement
It is possible to control the sound tone with a sharpness.
The effect is excellent. [0011] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG.
The details will be described. FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention.
1 is a front view showing an external configuration of an electronic wind instrument. Mau
Spice 1 is placed on the lip for the performer to breathe.
Part. The performance keys 2a to 2p mainly indicate pitches.
Key pressed by the player to specify
High (note name) is a combination of these keys on / off
It is determined based on the fingering table. FIG. 2 shows the electric power of the electronic wind instrument in this embodiment.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a typical configuration. In FIG.
The sensor 21 is used for breathing from the mouthpiece 1.
The key sensors 2Sa to 2Sp detect the pressure.
Is for detecting the pressing force of each of the keys 2a to 2p.
You. In this embodiment, a breath sensor 21 and a key
Each output signal of the sensors 2Sa to 2Sp is given as an analog signal.
Which is obtained by the A / D converter 23.
Is converted into a digital signal. Also,
The CPU 24 will be described later based on a program in the ROM 25.
To perform various processes. In the case of this embodiment, the CP
U24 provides various types of MIDI standard information (MID
I signal). This MIDI message
No. or separately from the body 31 based on the
Generates a tone from the tone generator (tone generator) 241
I am trying to do it. Therefore, it can be said that
For example, the ROM 25 and the CPU 24 may be indicated,
Both of them and the sound source unit 241 may be referred to. Next, the configuration of the performance key will be described.
You. FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing the structure of a playing key of an electronic wind instrument.
It is. Note that the 16 performance keys 2 in this embodiment are used.
a to 2p all have the same configuration.
2a will be described as an example. Keys are given to the body 31
A key post (not shown) is protruding and has an L-shaped key.
-2a at the bend by the key shaft 33a.
It is supported by automatic rotation. Also, the body 31
The return spring 34a is protruded, and the key 2a
Is biased at one end. As a result, the key 2a is pressed
When not pressed, it returns to its original position
I have. The rod 35a is supported on the body 31 so as to be vertically movable.
The upper end is in contact with one end of the key 2a.
You. When the key 2a is pressed, the rod 35a
Is lowered, and the lower end thereof presses the key sensor 2Sa. Ki
The sensor 2Sa is fitted to the other end of the rod 35a.
Movable part S made of carbon-containing soft resin (conductive rubber)
v and the fixed part where the fixed contact is printed
Plate) Sf, which are always in contact or non-contact
Ultra-thin polyester fiber so that it is slightly separated only when pressing
They are arranged facing each other with a lum spacer interposed. According to this configuration, the key sensor 2Sa is non-
Has high or infinite resistance when pressed, depending on the pressure
To reduce its resistance. Resistance change section of the key sensor
Is a fixed part made of pressure-sensitive film, etc.
You may make it a conductor. Such a key sensor
In the present embodiment shown in the drawings,
Pressure sensor is used.
Also need not be a pressure sensor. Key sensor in this case
The structure is the same as the above for the fixed part, the same structure only for the movable part
Use a configuration with a high carbon content as it is
Is installed in the movable part of the same shape facing the fixed contact.
Configuration with slight design change of applying electric ink
It can be realized by In the present embodiment, the detection described below will be described.
Using a circuit to identify the key pressed by the player and press it
Pressure is being detected. Here, FIG. 4 shows the detection of the key sensor.
FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a circuit, and illustrates a pressing of a key group including a plurality of keys.
This shows the pressed state detecting means for detecting the lower state.
You. In this figure, what is indicated by the symbol of the variable resistor is
These are the key sensors 2Sa to 2Sp shown in FIG. This detection
In the circuit, lines L1, L2,.
And lines C1, C2,.
And a variable resistance element is provided at a predetermined intersection.
... which function as key sensors 2Sa, 2Sb ...
Have been. One end of each of the lines C1, C2,.
Are grounded via anti-41-1, 41-2 ...
Is connected to the input terminal of the A / D converter 23. Rye
, L1, L2,.
The next voltage is applied, and the CPU 24
ON timing of lines L1, L2,... And A / D conversion
From the output value of the detector 23, which key sensor
It is possible to know whether or not the button is pressed. For example, when the line L1 is turned on,
If the voltage is applied to the key sensor 2Sa and the fixed resistor 41-1
Call Then, the resistance value of the key sensor 2Sa decreases.
As a result, the voltage applied to the fixed resistor 41-1 increases and the A / D conversion
The output value of the converter 23 increases. Conversely, key sensor 2S
When the resistance value of “a” increases, the voltage applied to the fixed resistance 41-1 increases.
The pressure decreases, and the output value of the A / D converter 23 decreases.
The A / D conversion corresponding to each of the key sensors 2Sa to 2Sp is performed.
The values after conversion will be represented as KPa to KPp below.
You. The diode in the circuit shown in FIG.
43 prevents current from flowing from line C to line L
It stops. When this backflow occurs, the detection timing
A line through which current flows through the key sensor that is not
And the CPU 24 cannot identify the key.
Mode 43 is inserted. Note that the Bressen
The sensor 21 also has the same matrix as the key sensor.
It is arranged at a predetermined intersection position. Basic operation of the electronic wind instrument having the above configuration
Will be described briefly. First, breath from mouthpiece 1
When breathed, the breath sensor 21 detects the pressure of the breath
Is detected. The detected pressure is output by the A / D converter 23.
Is converted to digital data and output to the CPU 24.
You. The A / D value of the breath pressure is referred to as the BP value (BP is
"Short for" breath pressure "). In this embodiment
Is, for example, a BP value represented by a value from 0 to 10.
The CPU 24 sends the MIDI signal in accordance with the BP value as follows.
Output a signal. First, the BP value is from 0 to 1 to 10.
When it changes to any of the values,
Judgment has been made and note-
Output signal. This note-on signal
The event and the chromatic note to start sounding (note name, ie, no
G) is included at least. one
On the other hand, the BP value changes from any value from 1 to 10 to 0.
When it turns into a sound, it is determined that the breath
And outputs a note-off signal. This note-off letter
The note is a note-off event and the note
It includes at least the note number indicating the note. The output MIDI signal is a note-on signal.
When, the note number contained in it is pressed at that time
On / off state of the operated performance keys 2a to 2p
5 and 5 according to the combination of
And a fingering table as shown in FIG. Ma
The BP value is also used as data representing the strength of breath,
Musical sound control such as volume and tone can be performed accordingly.
You. That is, the CPU 24 changes the BP value as needed.
Velocity that detects and indicates the volume according to the change in the BP value
MIDI signal (for example, control
In the form of a rule change). FIG. 5 is for determining the pitch (tone name) of a musical tone.
An example of the basic fingering table used for
A fingering manner following a finger is also shown. 6A and 6B
The fingering mode according to the special replacement finger targeted by the present invention is shown.
This shows an example of a fingering table for special replacement fingers.
In total, it is shown in two figures. 5 and 6
The key arrangement in A, 6B corresponds to each key 2a in FIG.
~ 2p. In the figure, the original basic fingering
Keys to be pressed and keys not to be pressed
And ○. 6A and 6B, arrows X and Y
Each key indicated with a vertical line according to the present embodiment
For special replacement finger, additional to original basic fingering
It is always pressed. It should be noted that the
Each key that is pressed is a key that is arbitrarily pressed.
Does not affect pitch and timbre correction
Is the key. Here, one or more of the arrows X and Y
Multiple keys can be used selectively or simultaneously for special replacement fingers
Sometimes operable. That is, as indicated by arrow X
Only one or more keys in addition to basic fingering
A specific special replacement fingering technique can be
And one or more keys indicated by arrow Y
By additionally operating only the basic fingering
To achieve a specific special replacement fingering technique somewhat different from the above
And a plurality of arrows X and Y
By simultaneously operating the key with the basic fingering
Achieved a special replacement fingering technique that is slightly different from the above
can do. Multiple special changes for the same note
When there is a finger operation mode (as shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B
This is the case in many cases),
Tones and pitches are slightly different in each unique form
Controlled. Therefore, each replacement in FIGS. 6A and 6B
Predetermined pitch correction amount and tone color compensation for each finger operation mode
The positive amount is predetermined. Corresponding to the arrows X and Y
Of the numbers that are written in two lines and added, the upper number is
The predetermined pitch of the pitch name corresponding to the basic fingering (regular pitch)
H) indicates a pitch correction amount corresponding to the replacement finger operation with respect to h),
The numbers at the bottom are tone correction amounts. For example, one pattern of a special replacement finger of note name A
As for the pattern designated in FIG.
An example of these correction amounts will be described.
For finger operation, data value + 5 (cents) pitch complement
Positive amount assigned, tone value correction of data value -15
Amount has been assigned. Additional fingering indicated by arrow Y
For the work, the pitch correction amount of the data value -5 (cent) is
Is assigned, and the tone correction amount of data value -10 is assigned.
Have been assigned. Additional replacement fingers indicated by arrows X and Y
If the operations are performed simultaneously, in this embodiment, the sound
High correction amount and tone correction amount correspond to each individual operation
The added value of the correction amount is used. That is, FIG.
In the case of the pattern specified by, the pitch correction amount is + 5-
5 = 0, and the timbre correction amount is −15−10 = −25.
You. In the present embodiment, such an addition synthesis
Therefore, when the pitch correction amount eventually becomes zero,
Also, as described later, a predetermined note number semitone changing process is performed.
The processing is performed so that In this embodiment, the base shown in FIG.
For special finger replacement as shown in this fingering table and FIGS. 6A and 6B
A predetermined fingering table TBL corresponding to the fingering table of
25 or RAM (not shown).
The basics of this fingering table TBL as shown in FIG.
The data storage configuration example of the fingering table is the same as the conventionally known one.
On / off state of each key in the basic fingering table
Are determined for each combination of
(Note name, ie, scale note)
At least). In contrast
6A and 6B in the fingering table TBL.
Data storage contents corresponding to the fingering table for special replacement fingers
Is the ON / OFF of each key in the fingering table for the special replacement finger.
Notes (sounds) determined according to the combination of off-states
Name (ie, scale note)
The above-mentioned information on the pitch correction amount and the information on the timbre correction amount.
The information is stored for each replacement finger operation mode. In this case, in this embodiment, each special
Stored in the fingering table TBL corresponding to the changing finger operation mode
Note number is the note corresponding to the basic fingering.
Directly indicating the desired note to be played)
The desired note corresponding to the basic fingering is half
Sounds different notes. For example,
The pitch correction amount determined according to the finger operation mode (FIG. 6A,
6B) is x for the normal pitch of the desired note.
Assuming that the pitch is shifted up by a cent,
The value obtained by adding +1 to the note number of the desired note
And store it as a semitone above the desired note (10
Point to the note at 0 cents above). This place
If the note number is received in the sound source unit 241
To produce a musical tone corresponding to a note one semitone above the desired note,
The pitch should be 100-x cents below that pitch.
Control and generate the desired note after all
Pitch shifted x cents above the normal pitch of
It is possible to generate a musical tone having a pitch. In addition,
The pitch correction amount determined according to the finger operation mode is the desired pitch correction amount.
Pitch x cents below the regular pitch of the note
, The note of the desired note
The value minus one is stored as the note number.
The note below the semitone (100 cents below) of the desired note
Instruct them to In this case,
In the sound source unit 241 that has received the
The tone corresponding to the note that is one semitone lower is the "100-x"
Control the pitch so that it is above the cent
In the end, the pitch of the desired note
To generate a tone with a pitch shifted down by x cents
can do. Note that, in general, the legitimate
Subtle variable control of the pitch without compromising the pitch feeling
In this case, the pitch correction amount x is 50 cents.
It seems reasonable to set it to an appropriate value less than. As described above, when the special replacement finger operation is performed,
The note that is a semitone different from the note corresponding to the basic fingering
We will explain the reason for specifying the
Like new note-on information (note-on event
And processing to generate note numbers)
As well as seemingly compatible with basic fingering
Tones that correspond to notes that are semitones different
It is performed by the sound source section 241 to make the performance sound sharp.
It is to be able to attach. In addition, each feature
Stored in fingering table TBL corresponding to special finger operation mode
Note number is ± 1 added and corrected as described above.
Note number corresponding to basic fingering without using note number
And a data indicating that it should be incremented by +1 or -1.
And read them from the table.
After performing the addition operation, the
Note number that is +1 or -1 to the note number
Needless to say, the shape may be modified so as to obtain a bar. A fingering tab corresponding to each special replacement finger operation mode
As information on the pitch correction amount stored in the bull TBL,
In this embodiment, each special replacement as shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B is performed.
A predetermined pitch correction amount that is predetermined for each finger operation mode
Without directly storing the data indicating the
Stored in fingering table TBL corresponding to special finger operation mode
Note number (this is the original note number
+1 or -1 to the member)
Pitch of the note corresponding to the special replacement finger
Pitch obtained by applying the predetermined pitch correction amount to the pitch
Is stored as the data of the difference value of. For example, for a particular note on a given note,
The predetermined pitch correction amount corresponding to the replacement finger operation mode (FIG. 6)
A, 6B) is x cents for the given pitch
Assuming that the pitch is shifted upward, the fingering table
In the TBL, pitch correction amount information (hereinafter referred to as “P
Touch-bend data) as "-(100-
x) "The cent value shall be stored. This place
The note number read from the fingering table TBL
(This indicates a note that is a semitone above the predetermined note
Sound source unit 2 which has received pitch bend information.
At 41, the predetermined note corresponds to the note number.
Note equivalent to a note one semitone above (100 cents above)
Make the sound pitch "100-x" cents below
In the end, the pitch is controlled by the
Shift note up by x cents from regular pitch
To generate musical tones with different pitches.
You. In addition, certain special replacement finger operation for a given note
The predetermined pitch correction amount (see FIG. 6) corresponding to the mode is
Shift pitch down x cents from given pitch
In the fingering table TBL, the sound
As the information of the high correction amount (pitch bend data), "+
(100-x) "shall be stored.
You. In this case, it is read from the fingering table TBL.
Note number (this is a semitone below the predetermined note
Receiving notes) and pitch bend data
In the sound source section 241 taken, the note number corresponds to the note number.
The note below the semitone (100 cents below) of the given note
A musical tone corresponding to the note
By controlling the pitch so that
Eventually, x cents for the regular pitch of the given note
Can produce a musical tone with a pitch shifted down
Will be able to. Note that, as in the example shown in FIG.
When additional replacement finger operations indicated by X and Y are performed simultaneously
In this case, if the synthesized pitch correction amount becomes 0,
Table TBL shows the note number of the note on the semitone of the note
And store it as the corresponding pitch bend data
Puts information indicating -100 cents in table TBL
Shall be memorized. Not only the above example, but also
Stored in the fingering table TBL corresponding to the finger operation mode
As information of the pitch correction amount, a place as shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B is used.
Modified to store information that directly indicates the fixed pitch correction amount
You may. In that case, read from the fingering table TBL.
With respect to the issued pitch correction amount x, “− (100
-X) "or" + (100-x) "
Calculate pitch bend data consisting of necessary difference value information
What should I do? Next, referring to the flowchart, the CPU
24 will be described. FIG. 7A and FIG.
A flowchart showing an example of processing by the CPU 24 in the present embodiment.
FIG. 7B is a flowchart in which the lower end of FIG.
Then, a series of routines is configured. The processing in FIG.
It starts under predetermined conditions such as power-on. First,
In step S1, B based on the output of the breath sensor 21
The P value is detected. Then, it is determined whether the BP value is 0 or not.
(Step S2). When the BP value is 0 (Step S2
NO) is a case where the breath is not breathed.
The process returns to step S1 until the breath is blown.
Is repeated. If the BP value is not 0 (Y in step S2)
ES) goes to step S3, where each key sensor 2Sa-
Each key is based on each KPa-KPp value output from 2Sp.
Key on / off state is detected. In this example, the KP value
(Values of KPa to KPp) take values of 0 to 10 and are 0
Is determined to be key-off, and is one of 1 to 10.
The case is determined to be key-on. Step S
In the fourth, based on the combination of the on / off state of each key,
By referring to the fingering table TBL,
The played note is determined, and the note name of the determined note is determined.
Member is stored in a register as a variable number
I do. In this case, if it corresponds to special replacement finger operation
Indicates the original note corresponding to the basic fingering as described above.
Note number, not the note above or below that semitone
Is read from the fingering table TBL.
Is to be issued. In step S5, the fingering table TB
Pitch bend data obtained by referring to L
(Information corresponding to the pitch correction amount) as a variable pitch
Stored in a register and stored information on the tone correction amount in a variable filter
Stored in a register as r. In addition, the information of the tone correction amount
Is, for example, the filter of the tone color filter in the sound source unit 241.
Filter coefficient correction information to correct the filter coefficient appropriately
Become. Here, the process of step S5 is performed.
Means that the key operation corresponds to the fingering table for special replacement finger in FIG.
Key operation corresponds to the basic fingering table in FIG.
In this case, since the pitch correction amount and the tone color correction amount are 0,
May be omitted. Or, without omission, the variable p
Set 0 for each of "itch" and "filter"
You may make it. Next, the value of the variable "note number" is
Stored in the register of the variable last note (S6),
In addition, the value of the variable pitch is changed to the variable last_pitch.
The value of the variable filter is stored in the register
It is stored in the register of the filter (S7). And
Based on the content of the variable last note, a new tone
Note-on data that instructs start of generation
The output is performed in a mat (S8). This note-on data
Is the note name stored as the variable last note.
Note-on event data indicating the member and new key-on
Is included. Next, in step S9, the variable pit
ch and the value of the variable filter
Data as MIDI data and control change data
Format. Also in this step S9, the key operation
In the case of the fingering table for special replacement finger in FIGS. 6A and 6B,
If the key operation corresponds to the basic fingering table in FIG. 5,
Output pitch bend data and control change data
This process is omitted because no force is required. Processing routine of the above steps S1 to S9
By breathing into the mouthpiece 1
When breath pressure changes from 0 to a value other than 0, ie new sound
When a start instruction operation is performed, turn on each key at that time
Corresponding to a note determined by the combination of
Note-on data is output as MIDI and (S
8) The on / off state of each key at that time is a special replacement finger
If the operation corresponds to the special replacement finger operation,
Corresponding to the predetermined pitch correction amount and timbre correction amount.
MID is used for tibend data and control change data
I is output (S9). These output MIDI data
Data is supplied to the tone generator 241 and the
The generation of a corresponding new musical tone is started. Usually known
As shown in the figure, the generated musical tone
The generation is controlled by the tone characteristics of the tack section. Therefore, the mouse
Normally, when breath starts to be blown into piece 1,
As shown in the figure, a tone is generated and
Will be started. Where pitch bend data and
When control change data is given at the same time
The pitch and timbre are also controlled according to these data.
Will be. By the way, the special replacement finger operation according to the present invention
The typical playing technique is to maintain basic fingering
Add key operation for special replacement finger
Release. Therefore, as long as
From the start of breathing into the mouthpiece 1
It is usually the case that the key operation for the extra finger has already been added.
Since it is impossible, the processes of steps S5, S7, and S9 are not performed.
I will not be told. However, in this embodiment,
From the start of breathing into mouthpiece 1,
If the key operation for the special finger has already been added,
However, the prescribed pitch and timbre control for special replacement finger
Steps S5, S7, S
Nine processes are provided. Therefore, as a modification, a mouse
At the start of breathing into Piece 1, special replacement
If finger key operation has already been added,
And perform only tone generation and control corresponding to basic fingering
In that case, steps S5, S7, S
9 may not be provided. Returning to FIG. 7A, in step S11, B
P value is detected, and in step S12, the detected BP
It is determined whether the value is 0 or not. In other words, breathing continues
It is determined whether or not it has been performed. Here, the BP value is
0 (NO in S12), that is, the player
If you stop the recording, start the silencing of the tone
Note-off data in MIDI format
Output (S13), and return to step S1. This note
Data is stored as a variable last note
Note-off event indicating the note number and new key off
Event data. In that case, a new breath
Until the writing starts, the processing of steps S1 and S2
Will repeat. On the other hand, when the BP value is not 0 (S
12 YES) is breathing in
Then, the process proceeds to step S14, where the BP value has changed.
Is checked, and if it changes, the value according to the new BP value
Format the control change data.
Output MIDI. For example, the pressure of the breath
Is higher (BP value is closer to 10), the volume is increased,
The weaker (the BP value is closer to 1) the lower the volume
Control change data that indicates the type of control
Output. If the BP value has not changed, the next step S1
Move to 5. In the next step S15, each key is again
KP values (KPa to KPp) are taken in, and the
An on / off operation state is detected. In the next step S16,
In S17 (FIG. 7B), the fingering table TBL is referred to.
Then, the same processing as in steps S4 and S5 is performed,
Corresponds to the combination of on / off operation status of each key at the point
And each of the variables note number, pitch and f
Set ilter. However, step S17 is
The key operation corresponds to the basic fingering table in FIG.
Also, do not omit and use the variables pitch and filter.
And set each to 0. This is a special
When the additional key operation for the replacement finger is released, the
The bend amount and filter correction amount are set to 0 from the previous values.
It is necessary to change to Next, in step S18, the variable note
  Compare the contents of number and the variable last note
Fingering (that is, on / off operation of each key)
It is determined whether there is no change in the operation state). note
When the number is not the last note (S18)
NO) is obviously when fingering is changed
Proceed to step S19. Here, in this embodiment,
Is a performance style in which a desired note is indicated only by basic fingering.
State (fingering) and the same note with the finger
In the performance style (fingering) shown, even if the notes are the same
Since different note numbers are assigned, the desired note
Special change from the state of playing only with basic fingering
When changing to a state where a predetermined key operation for a finger is added,
Note number of previous sound (desired note corresponding to basic fingering)
And a new sound (the same desired note corresponding to a special replacement finger operation)
Port number is different, and step S18 is determined to be NO.
It is. In addition, the operation of the predetermined key for special replacement finger is added.
When the status changes from
Noter of sound (desired note corresponding to special replacement finger operation)
No new member and new sound (the same desired note corresponding to basic fingering)
The step S18 is determined to be NO.
You. On the other hand, note number = last
  If it is a note (YES in S18), the note
When it is not possible to judge that fingering has been changed using only the number
The fingering has changed.
The process proceeds to step S22 to make a determination. For example, note A
The note number corresponding to a certain special replacement finger is
This is the value obtained by adding +1 to the regular note number.
The note number of the rule is changed to the regular note number of Note A +
In the case where they are one, both note numbers are
Since it will match, a special replacement finger of note A
The fingering is changed to the basic fingering of note A #
However, there is no change in the value of the note number. Ah
Or, as shown in Note A in FIG.
If there is, while different special replacement finger operation mode,
Since the note numbers of both will match, the notes
Fingering is changed from one special replacement finger of A to another special replacement finger
Note number value does not change even if
Will be. Even in such a case, the change of fingering
In order to be able to detect that
22 and S24 are performed. From NO in step S18 to step S19
Is clearly determined to have changed fingering
Is the case. In step S19, the variable note
  Change the contents of number to the variable last note.
Several pitches are set to the variable lastpitch and the variable file
ter is set to the variable last filter.
To Next, in step S20, note-off data is set to M
By outputting IDI, the music that had been pronounced before
Control to mute the sound (referred to as the previous sound). That
Thereafter, the processing of steps S21 and S10 is performed, and the
To generate new musical sounds determined by fingering
To In steps S21 and S10, the above steps
A MIDI output process similar to S8 and S9 is performed. Sand
A new notebook that is determined by the changed fingering
Number (last note value) and note-on event
Is output as MIDI data (S21).
Pitch bend data determined by changed fingering
(Last pitch value) and control change
MIDI output of data (last filter value)
(S10). In this case, the routine after step S14
In, the BP value is not 0, so normally the sounding continues
Various tone control processes should be performed as
You. However, note-on data is output in step S21.
Perform processing (that is, new note-on information is issued
Therefore, the sound source unit 241 that has received the
-On processing, that is, a new tone is generated from the attack section
Starting processing. For example, in the sound source unit 241
Receives the note-on data generated in step S21.
But, as is generally known, New Key On Event
Judgment of a new music
Control the entire tone generation operation so that the sound starts up
Becomes For example, sound waveform, volume envelope, fill
Various types such as data control envelope and pitch control envelope
Musical elements are generated and controlled starting from the characteristics of the attack part
Will be done. Thus, basic fingering of a desired note is performed.
While adding key operations for special replacement fingers,
In addition, special operations such as canceling the addition and repeating the operation as appropriate
Whenever the replacement finger playing method is performed, step S18 is performed.
From step NO to step S21 is executed
Generates note-on data.
The tone corresponding to the finger operation is changed by the tone characteristic of the attack part.
It can be controlled to start the generation. Follow
To make the sound sharper according to the special replacement finger operation
And expressive performance with electronic wind instruments.
Can be Of course, in step S10,
MIDI data and control change data
The pitch and timbre in response to the special replacement finger operation.
Subtle changes can be controlled. Also, special replacement fingering
When the operation is canceled, the pitch bend data and control
MID is 0 data as the rule change data
Immediately restore pitch and tone as I output
Can be. After step S10, step S1 in FIG.
Return to 1. This is executed in response to YES in step S18.
In step S22, the note number value has changed.
If there is no variable pitch (from table TBL this time
The read pitch bend data) and the variable last pi
tch (Latest pitch bend data output by MIDI)
The fingering change by comparing the values of
It is to try. In other words, change to note number
The pitch bend data changes even if there is no
In other words, pitch = last pitch holds
If so, it is determined that the fingering has changed
You. Therefore, in step S22, pitch = las
It is determined whether or not t pitch is established.
If the value of the variable “pitch” is
Change the contents of the variable filter to last pitch.
Set each to a number of last filters. afterwards,
Proceeding to step S20 described above, note-off data is output.
Output (S20) and output of note-on data (S21)
And pitch bend data and control change data
Is output (S10). On the other hand, pitch = last pitch
Is YES, the process proceeds to step S24. Step
In step S24, further, filter = last fi
It is determined whether or not the
Check whether the value of the filter correction data has changed
You. In other words, note number and pitch bend data
Even if there is no change, the tone filter correction data
The fingering has changed
You. Therefore, in step S24, filter = la
It is determined whether or not st filter is established, and
If there is, the process proceeds to step S25, and the variable filter
Set the value to the variable last filter. That
Thereafter, the process proceeds to step S20 described above, and the
Steps S20, S21, and S10 are performed. Steps
If S24 is YES, there is no change in fingering
Therefore, it is not necessary to control the musical tone being generated, as shown in FIG.
The process returns to step S11. Here, for the sake of understanding, an example is given and
The processing of each step described above will be described more specifically.
You. For example, note A with basic fingering as shown in FIG.
Key operation to start breathing
You. In that case, in step S4, the variable notenum
ber has the note number of note A, for example, “69”,
Set. In this case, the pitch correction amount and timbre correction amount
Are both 0, which corresponds to the note number “69”.
Note A tone is generated without pitch and tone correction
Control to be performed. Next, while keeping breathing,
A special replacement finger of note A as shown in FIG.
If YES, step S12 is YES to step S1.
4 is performed, and in step S16, no
Note number “70” which is +1 to ton number is calculated,
In step S17, "-9" is used as pitch bend data.
0 ”cents (=-(100-10))
And “−20” is calculated as the tone filter correction data.
It is. Note number = last no
is not te, the determination in step S18 is NO.
Then, the process proceeds to step S19. In this case,
Note-off day to mute the tone of A being pronounced
Is output (S20), and the note A is replaced
Music tone corresponding to the number "70" (this is called A ')
Note that note number "70"
Output data and a pitch of "-90" cents.
Bend data and tone filter correction data of "-20"
And output control change data (S2
1, S10). In response, the sound source unit 241
No. A as a musical tone A 'corresponding to the special replacement finger
Note determined by tongue "70" (that is, no
Note A #), which is 100 cents above pitch A
Pitch shifted by 90 ”cents, ie no
Pitch from the regular pitch of ToA by "+10" cents
Generates shifted musical sounds. As a result, in FIG.
“+10” cells for the replacement finger as indicated by arrow X
Pitch bend control. In addition,
The tone of the musical tone A 'corresponding to the special finger is the tone of "-20".
Depending on the color filter correction data, the basic fingering of Note A
The tone color is controlled to be somewhat different from the predetermined tone color to be followed. In the state where the breathing is continued
Release the special replacement finger operation of Note A, and
Let's say you put it back. In that case, step S16
Note A's note number “69” is set and the step
In S17, “0” cent is used as pitch bend data,
"0" is set as the tone filter correction data
Is done. Therefore, note number = 69, la
Since st note = 70, step S18 is N
It becomes O. This corresponds to the special replacement finger that is occurring
Output note-off data to mute tone A '
(S20), note-on for note A newly generated
Output data (S21), and a pin for instructing 0 cents.
As tibend data and tone filter correction data
Output control change data indicating "0"
(S10). The present invention is limited to the described embodiment.
The following various modifications are possible.
You. In the above embodiment, the operation mode of the performance key is changed.
It is configured to control the tone characteristics
A switch for canceling control is provided to
Easy to operate even for beginners who have difficulty changing
You may do it. The operation mode is controlled by a performance key.
Is performed by detecting the pressing of
To detect the stroke and speed of pressing the key
In that case, the stroke or speed of pressing the key
Key on / off depending on whether the detected
In this case, it is only necessary to determine Here, in the above embodiment, key-on / off
When the KP value output from the detection means for detection is 1 to 10
Is determined to be on, and if it is 0, it is determined to be off.
The on / off criterion may be set as appropriate, and
The player may be able to arbitrarily change the judgment criteria of
No. For example, if the KP value is 8 or more, it is determined to be on.
However, when it becomes 8 or less, it may be determined to be off. Ma
In addition, the KP value is a value of 0 to 10, but is not limited to this.
Instead, for example, a value of 0 to 100 may be used.
This KP value is used as velocity information for tone control.
Can be used, in which case the KP value is subdivided
The finer the control, the more the control becomes possible. Detect key operation
Key sensors 2Sa to 2Sp for the
Not only log sensors or multi-step output type sensors, but also simple
A simple on / off output type switch may be used. Various wind instruments can be simulated.
As described above, there are several types of basic fingering tables and fingering for special replacement fingers.
Prepare and memorize each table and use these fingering
Selectable table, note and pitch correction based on this
The amount and the tone color correction amount may be determined. Ma
In this case, the number of keys for performance that determines the pitch
May vary depending on the instrument being simulated
However, if the instrument has few playing keys,
It can be used as a key for generating a tone control signal. In the above embodiment, a fingering table is used for pitch designation.
Using a table that stores the table corresponding to
However, not only this, but also logic circuits such as diode matrix
Equivalent tables may be constructed using
(Note detection processing equivalent to a fingering table)
Performs arithmetic processing with a predetermined algorithm so that
You may do it. In addition, you can play and input desired notes.
The state is one key using multiple keys like a natural wind instrument.
Not only in the form of inputting notes, but also
May be in a form in which the objects are associated with each other. [0053] According to the present invention, a predetermined replacement finger operation can be performed.
When performed, note-on information is displayed according to the replacement finger operation.
It is newly issued, and it is easy to
Since it is instructed that a sound should be generated,
The sounding instruction control based on breath pressure from the source
Even if instructed, a tone is generated by the tone characteristics of the attack part
Raw control can be performed. Therefore, only the desired note
The desired note according to the basic fingering
While performing, be sure to fall under the prescribed replacement fingering style.
When a predetermined key operation is added, the same as the desired note
It was found that the performance
Issued to determine the same note as the desired note.
While attacking the tone corresponding to the note
Can be generated by the tone characteristics of the
When the special replacement fingering technique described above is performed,
A new note is generated while generating a single note.
The sound is controlled by the sound generation characteristics of the tack section.
You can add rehearsals and improve your performance expression
It has an excellent effect that it can be further enriched
You. Further, the predetermined replacement finger operation is performed.
At this time, predetermined tone control information and
And the tone control information, the tone and
If the pitch is finely variably controlled, special replacement
The finger playing technique can be more preferably imitated. Ma
In this case, when the predetermined replacement finger operation is performed,
A note that is a semitone different from the desired note corresponding to the basic fingering
Issue new note-on information
The pitch of the note indicated by the note-on information
A predetermined cent toward the pitch of the desired note
Generate pitch control information to instruct to shift
If the special replacement finger operation described above is performed,
Launch a new sound as a completely different note from its own
Musical sound control can be added, and
You can add colorful expressiveness.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a front view showing an example of an external configuration of an electronic wind instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an electronic wind instrument according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a sectional view of an electronic wind instrument according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of a detection circuit of a key sensor. FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of a basic fingering table. FIG. 6A is a diagram showing an example of a fingering table for a special replacement finger according to the present invention for some notes (note names). FIG. 6B is a diagram showing an example of a fingering table for a special replacement finger according to the present invention for some other notes (note names); FIG. 7A is a flowchart partially showing a processing example of a CPU according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 7B is a flowchart showing the remaining part of the processing example. [Description of Signs] 1 mouthpiece, 2a to 2p performance keys, 21
Breath sensor, 2Sa ~ 2Sp key sensor, 23
A / D converter, 24 CPU, 25 ROM, 3
1 body.

Claims (1)

(57) [Claim 1] A plurality of keys for playing a note, key operation detecting means for detecting an operation state of each key, and each of the keys based on an output of the key operation detecting means. A played note is determined according to a combination of key operation states, and the desired note is determined according to a predetermined combination of operation states of the keys according to basic fingering for a desired note. Note determining means capable of determining the note in accordance with a predetermined combination of operating states of the keys according to a predetermined finger operation for the same note, and a predetermined finger operation. Is performed, the basic fingering
Indicates a note that is a semitone different from the corresponding desired note
The note-on information to be issued to the new, and this note
The pitch of the note indicated by the on information
Shift the desired note pitch by a given cent
Control means for generating pitch control information for instructing a note to be generated, a tone corresponding to the note determined by the note determining means in response to a new issue of the note-on information should be generated by the tone characteristics of the attack unit. An electronic wind instrument characterized by the following: