JP3404565B2 - Method and apparatus for submerging underwater structures - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to the submersion of an underwater structure such as a submerged box for a submerged tunnel, a caisson for a pier foundation or other caisson at a predetermined installation position while floating on the water surface. A method and an apparatus thereof.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, submerged boxes for submerged tunnels and water bottom structures such as caisson for pier foundation or breakwater are
The products manufactured in the onshore production yard are floated on the ocean, towed to the sinking position, and the facilities for sinking are used to settle at the specified setting position.

In this type of conventional method of submerging an underwater structure, a hanging wire is hung by a winch from a plurality of pontoons floated on the ocean, and the underwater structure is hung on the hanging wire, and the wire is settled down. There is a method, which is mainly used to settle large submerged boxes in deep water.

In addition to this, there is a method in which an underwater structure is floated by its own buoyancy, and the buoyancy is adjusted by pouring water into an internal water pouring area, and a suspending wire for control is also used to settle. It is used in relatively shallow water with the support of crane vessels.

[0005]

Among such conventional methods of laying down, the method of hanging from a pontoon requires a large amount of equipment, requires a large number of winches and control devices therefor, and further, the structure to be laid down. It requires advanced technology to adjust the horizontal position while maintaining the posture,
The overall cost is high, and it is not suitable for use in small water depths.

Further, in the method of adjusting the buoyancy by pouring water into the internal pouring area and causing it to settle by its own weight, it is difficult to balance because the water in the pouring area moves, and it becomes difficult to control the posture of the structure. Therefore, the support of crane vessels becomes indispensable, and there is a problem that the cost becomes high.

The present invention has been made in view of such conventional problems.
An object of the present invention is to provide a method and an apparatus for submerging a large underwater structure in a relatively small water depth area, which can be easily performed at low cost with a small amount of equipment.

A first method of submerging an underwater structure according to the present invention for solving the above problems and achieving the intended purpose .
Is characterized in that the underwater structure to be submerged is at the planned installation height of the water bottom, the lower end is connected to the underwater structure, the upper end has a length above the water surface, and using multiple floating bodies of elongated shape having a sufficient buoyancy to floating the structure, attaching a respective buoyant body to a required location of the underwater structures, each slidably vertically in the vertical direction, the water Settling the structure into the water under its own weight
State and each buoyant body has only the upper end on the water surface.
Has buoyancy to levitate the underwater structure in a protruding state
In this state, the underwater structure is attached to the upper end side of each buoyancy body.
By positioning the structure and floating it, and by moving each buoyant body upward relative to the underwater structure by the driving means, the underwater structure is settled and sunk by its own weight.
It In addition, the second method of depositing an underwater structure according to the present invention
The feature is the planned installation of the underwater structure that is going to be submerged.
At the height, the lower end is connected to the underwater structure.
Has a length such that the upper end is above the water surface, and
Plural slender shapes that have sufficient buoyancy to float an object
A buoyant body is used, and one end side of each buoyant body is connected to the underwater structure.
Rotatably attached to the underwater structure
Each buoyant body is set so that it can sink into the water due to its weight.
Has only the upper end protruding above the water surface when it is oriented vertically
With the buoyancy to levitate the underwater structure
The underwater structure to which each buoyant body is attached.
Gradually rotate the force body in the upward direction by the drive means.
The submerged structure can be settled by its own weight by
And in.

Furthermore, the underwater structure scavenging apparatus according to the present invention
The first feature is that the underwater structure is slidably attached to the underwater structure to be sunk in the vertical direction, the lower end of the underwater structure is connected to the underwater structure at a predetermined installation height of the water bottom. There has a length upper end is on the water surface, and a plurality of buoyant body portrait in which the elongated shape having a buoyancy for floating the underwater structure, in water at its own weight
For submerged structures that can sink, only the upper end is above the water surface
It is provided with a buoyant body having a buoyant force to levitate in a state of protruding and a drive mechanism for vertically operating the respective buoyant bodies relative to the underwater structure . A second feature of the underwater structure scavenging apparatus according to the present invention is that one end side of the underwater structure is rotatably attached to the underwater structure to be sunk, and the underwater structure is at a planned installation height on the water bottom. so,
A plurality of vertically oriented buoyant bodies having an elongated shape having a length in which the lower end is connected to the underwater structure and the upper end has a length on the water surface, and which has buoyancy to float the underwater structure, A buoyant body having buoyancy to float an underwater structure that can sink in the water under its own weight in a state where only the upper end portion protrudes above the water surface when it is oriented vertically, and each buoyant body And a drive mechanism for rotating the other end of the structure vertically.

[0010]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1 to 4 show a first embodiment of the present invention, in which 1 is an underwater structure to be sunk by the method of the present invention. This structure 1 was constructed in a state where it was floated on a land production yard or on the ocean, and when the structure was settled at predetermined positions on the bottom of the water, buoyancy with a vertically elongated shape on the side faces of the four corners. Attach the body 2, 2, 2, 2. The mounting may be carried out offshore at the sedimentation site, or may be towed offshore in the state of being installed in advance in the production yard.

The structure 1 is set in a state of sinking in water due to its own weight in water. For example, in a hollow structure such as a concrete caisson, buoyancy is reduced by water injection or filling to the extent that it can settle due to its own weight, and this is levitated by the buoyancy of all buoyancy bodies.

Each buoyant body 2 is vertically slidably attached to the structure 1 via a vertically oriented slide guide (not shown), and a drive mechanism, for example, a pinion rack mechanism driven by an oil motor 3. It is attached so that it can be moved in the vertical direction (not shown).

Further, the buoyancy bodies 2, 2, 2 and 2 have a buoyancy force sufficient to float the structure 1 on the water by the buoyancy force of all the buoyancy bodies, with only the upper end portion protruding above the water surface. According to the weight of the structure 1 in water, water and other weights are accommodated in the lower portion and buoyancy is adjusted before use.

In this way, each buoyant body 2 is attached to the structure 1, and the structure 1 is supported on the upper end side thereof as shown in FIG. 2, whereby the structure 1 is levitated on the sea. Then, with the structure 1 positioned above the sunk position, the oil motors 3 of the respective buoyancy bodies 2 are simultaneously operated to move the structure 1 downward, that is, the buoyancy body 2 as shown in FIG. The object 1 is moved upward relative to the object 1. As a result, the structure 1 sinks in the direction of the water bottom by its own weight without changing the buoyancy, and is sunk on the water bottom 4 as shown in FIG.

Considering the water depth and the height of the structure, the length of the buoyancy body 2 remains the floating height at the start of settling as shown in FIG. 2, and the structure 1 to the bottom of the water as shown in FIG. It is long enough to slide, that is, the structure 1 is at the planned installation height of the water bottom, and the lower end is connected to the structure 1,
Use the one whose length is above the water surface in advance.

As the driving means for moving the buoyant body relative to the structure 1, in addition to the pinion rack mechanism,
Various mechanisms such as winches and wires can be used.

5 to 8 show a second embodiment of the present invention, in which 1 is the same structure as described above and 2 is a buoyant body. In this embodiment, one end side of the buoyancy body 2 is rotatably supported on the upper edge side surfaces of the four corners of the structure 1 via horizontal support shafts 5, and a drive mechanism such as a gear mechanism (see FIG. (Not shown) and a mechanism using an oil motor 6 are attached so that the other end can be rotated in the vertical direction.

The buoyant body 2 is attached to the upper edge of the side surface of the structure 1 in advance at the production yard or the sunk site, and the buoyant body 2 is oriented horizontally as shown in FIG. Float above the water surface. From this state, as shown in FIG. 7, the oil motor 6 of the drive mechanism is operated to rotate the other end of the buoyancy body 2 upward. This makes structure 1
Is lowered by its own weight while being supported by the buoyancy body 2,
As shown in FIG.

The drive mechanism in this embodiment includes
Although a gear mechanism and an oil motor are used, various other mechanisms such as a wire and a winch, a chain mechanism and an oil motor can be used.

[0020]

As described above, in the method and apparatus for immersing an underwater structure according to the present invention, a slender buoyant body is installed vertically with respect to the structure so that the structure can be slid vertically. An invention in which a structure is settled by moving it downward relative to a buoyancy body, and one end side of the buoyancy body is rotatably attached to a side surface of the structure about a horizontal axis, and the buoyancy body is directed upward. In any of the inventions in which the structure is settled by rotating it to, the mechanical action is performed in a state where there is almost no change in buoyancy between the state where the structure floats on the water and the time when the structure sinks to the bottom of the water. Since the sedimentation work is performed, the work is performed in a stable state from beginning to end.

Since the apparatus used is a plurality of buoyant bodies attached to the side surface of the structure to be sunk and a drive mechanism for sliding or rotating the buoyant bodies, the structure is simpler than that of the conventional settling equipment. It is also possible to attach the device in advance in the production yard depending on the case, and the work is easy.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an outline of a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view showing a floating state of the above structure.

FIG. 3 is a side view showing a state in which the structure is being settled.

FIG. 4 is a side view showing a state where the above structure is installed on the water bottom.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing the outline of a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a side view showing a floating state of the above structure.

FIG. 7 is a side view showing a state in which the structure is being settled.

FIG. 8 is a side view showing a state where the above structure is installed on the water bottom.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 underwater structure 2 buoyancy body 3 oil motor 4 bottom 5 spindles 6 oil motor

Continuation of the front page (72) Shinya Nakamura 1534-1, Shin-ku, Nishinasuno-machi, Nasu-gun, Tochigi Prefecture, Goyo Construction Co., Ltd. Technical Research Institute (56) References Patent 2689253 (JP, B2) (58) Field (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) E02D 23/02

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. An underwater structure to be sunk has a length such that the lower end is connected to the underwater structure and the upper end is above the water surface in a state where the underwater structure is to be installed at a planned installation height on the water floor, and using multiple floating bodies of elongated shape having a sufficient buoyancy to floating the underwater structure, fitted with a respective buoyant body to a required location of the underwater structures, each slidably vertically in the vertical direction, the Underwater structures settle into the water under their own weight
And each buoyant body has only the upper end on the water surface.
With buoyancy to float the above-mentioned underwater structure
The buoyancy body is placed under the
An underwater structure characterized in that the structure is positioned and floated, and each buoyant body is relatively moved upward by the drive means with respect to the underwater structure so that the underwater structure is settled and sunk by its own weight. How to deposit. 2. The underwater structure to be sunk has a length such that the lower end is connected to the underwater structure and the upper end is above the water surface in a state where the underwater structure is to be installed at the planned installation height of the water bottom, and using multiple floating bodies of elongated shape having a sufficient buoyancy to floating the underwater structure, rotatably mounted against one end of each of the buoyant body to the underwater structure, the underwater structure itself
The weight of the floats allows them to settle in the water and
When the force body is oriented vertically, only the upper end is above the water surface.
Has buoyancy to levitate the underwater structure in a protruding state
The underwater structure to which each buoyant body is attached,
The buoyant body is gradually rotated upward by the driving means.
By doing so, the underwater structure is settled by its own weight.
Sinking method underwater structure comprising as characterized by that. 3. An underwater structure slidably attached to an underwater structure to be sunk, the underwater structure being at a planned installation height of the water bottom, and the lower end being connected to the underwater structure. , A plurality of vertically oriented buoyant bodies having an elongated shape having a length whose upper end is above the water surface and having buoyancy to float the underwater structure, and which is submerged in the water under its own weight.
For an underwater structure that can be descended, only the upper end is above the water surface
An underwater structure submerging apparatus comprising: a buoyant body having a buoyant force to float in a protruding state; and a drive mechanism for vertically moving the buoyant bodies relative to the underwater structure. 4. One end side with respect to the underwater structure to be sunk
Is rotatably mounted, the underwater structure is at a planned installation height on the water bottom, the lower end is in a connected state with the underwater structure, and the upper end has a length that is above the water surface, and Plural slender vertical buoyant bodies that have the buoyancy to float underwater structures and can settle in the water under their own weight.
When the vertical structure of an underwater structure in a normal state, only the upper end part
Buoyancy that has the buoyancy that allows the surface to float above the surface of the water
An underwater structure submerging apparatus comprising: a body ; and a drive mechanism that vertically rotates the other end of each of the buoyant bodies with respect to the underwater structure.