JP3403319B2 - Light bulb type fluorescent lamp - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to Bi, Pb and S.
The present invention relates to a self-ballasted fluorescent lamp in which an amalgam composed of n and Hg is used as a main amalgam and which is enclosed inside an arc tube.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In compact fluorescent lamps, it is common to enclose amalgam inside the arc tube in order to keep the mercury vapor pressure in the arc tube at an appropriate value (about 0.8 Pa) during steady lighting. is there. However, the mercury vapor pressure of amalgam is lower than that of pure silver at room temperature. For this reason, in such a conventional compact fluorescent lamp, it takes time from immediately after the lamp is turned on to a steady lighting state until the lighting operation is stabilized. That is, there is a problem that the luminous flux rising characteristic at the time of starting the lamp is poor. As a conventional bulb-type fluorescent lamp that attempts to improve the luminous flux rising characteristic at the time of starting, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-20
There is a bulb-type fluorescent lamp disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 3470. In this conventional bulb-type fluorescent lamp, in addition to the main amalgam that controls the mercury vapor pressure during steady lighting, an auxiliary amalgam that supplements the mercury vapor pressure required at startup is enclosed inside the arc tube.
As a result, the mercury vapor pressure immediately after starting can be set to an appropriate value, and the luminous flux rising characteristics at starting can be improved.

[0003]

In the conventional light bulb type fluorescent lamp as described above, even when the auxiliary amalgam is used, the luminous flux emitted from the arc tube is elapsed about 1 minute after the lamp is started. Becomes unstable and the brightness of the light from the lamp fluctuates. In particular,
The luminous flux stability of the lamp was not good after 10 minutes had passed since the lamp was started.

The inventors of the present invention have conducted experimental studies to determine that the reaction end temperature when the main amalgam changes from the solid phase to the liquid phase is lower than the ambient temperature of the main amalgam during the lighting operation of the compact fluorescent lamp. , The composition of the main amalgam consisting of Bi, Pb, Sn, and Hg was determined. It has been found that such a configuration improves the luminous flux stability during the lighting operation without deteriorating the luminous flux rising characteristics at the time of starting. The present invention has been completed based on the above findings.

[0005]

The light bulb type fluorescent lamp of the present invention is a light bulb type fluorescent lamp in which a main amalgam composed of Bi, Pb, Sn and Hg is enclosed in an arc tube. The composition of the main amalgam is configured such that the reaction end temperature when the solid state changes from the solid phase to the liquid phase is lower than the ambient temperature of the main amalgam during the lighting operation. In the compact fluorescent lamp of the present invention,
The composition ratio of the main amalgam is Bi: Pb: Sn: Hg =
(40-58): (22-55): (5-20): (1
10 to 10% by weight. With such a configuration, it is possible to improve the luminous flux stability during the lighting operation without deteriorating the luminous flux rising characteristic at the time of starting.

[0006]

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a light bulb type fluorescent lamp having a B-type fluorescent lamp.
A non-linear arc tube in which a main amalgam composed of i, Pb, Sn, and Hg is enclosed, and a self-ballasted fluorescent lamp having a lighting device for lighting the arc tube. The composition of the main amalgam is configured such that the reaction end temperature when the solid state changes from the solid phase to the liquid phase is lower than the ambient temperature of the main amalgam during the lighting operation. In the compact fluorescent lamp of the present invention
The composition ratio of the amalgamer is Bi: Pb: Sn: Hg =
(40-58): (22-55): (5-20): (1
10 to 10% by weight. With such a configuration, it is possible to improve the luminous flux stability during the lighting operation without deteriorating the luminous flux rising characteristic at the time of starting.

[0008]

[0009]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Preferred embodiments showing a compact fluorescent lamp of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway front view showing a configuration of a light bulb type fluorescent lamp according to an embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, a compact fluorescent lamp 1 includes an arc tube 2 made of translucent glass or the like, a phosphor 3 formed in the arc tube 2, and an arc tube 2.
A holder 4 for holding the lamp and an inverter lighting circuit 5 for lighting the arc tube 2 are provided. Further, the bulb-type fluorescent lamp 1 includes a light emitting tube 2, a holder 4, and an inverter lighting in an envelope 8 composed of a globe 6 made of translucent glass or the like and a case 7 made of synthetic resin or the like. The circuit 5 etc. are stored. The arc tube 2 is a compact non-linear arc tube, and is a straight tube fluorescent lamp.
This is a so-called double U-shaped arc tube that is molded into a shape and then molded into a U shape again. A rare gas such as argon for starting and an amalgam are enclosed in the arc tube 2. Both ends of the arc tube 2 are fixed to the holder 4 in parallel with each other by a silicone resin 4a. Similarly, the central portion of the arc tube 2 is also fixed to the holder 4 by the silicone resin 4b. Further, mounts 9 for sealing the arc tube 2 are provided at both ends of the arc tube 2.

Each mount 9 is made of glass or the like and has a pair of enclosed wires 9a and 9b provided therein.
These enclosed wires 9a and 9b are formed by a pair of internal lead wires 10
One ends of a and 10b are welded respectively. The electrode coil 11 is provided between the other ends of the internal lead wires 10a and 10b.
Are connected. These internal lead wires 10a, 10
b is connected to the inverter lighting circuit 5 via an electrode provided on the mount 9 and an external lead wire (not shown). The auxiliary amalgam 1 is attached to one of the inner lead wires 10a.
2 is stuck. The auxiliary amalgam 12 supplements the mercury vapor pressure required at the time of starting, and is composed of an indium mesh or the like. Further, a cylindrical exhaust pipe 13 is welded to each mount 9. As is well known, the exhaust pipe 13 exhausts excess air in the arc tube 2 when the mount tube 9 seals the arc tube 2, and after the mount 9 is attached to the arc tube 2, the exhaust tube 13 is It is sealed. At one end of the exhaust pipe 13, an opening 13a is provided on the inner side of the arc tube 2 and the surface of the mount 9 is opened. Further, at the other end of the exhaust pipe 13, a cylindrical glass rod 14 is arranged therein, and a main amalgam portion 13b for arranging the main amalgam 15 is formed on the inner surface of the exhaust pipe 13 and the glass rod 14. It is provided between. A minute gap is provided between the exhaust pipe 13 and the glass rod 14, and mercury vapor or the like in the arc tube 2 comes into contact with the main amalgam 15 through the opening 13a and the minute gap.

The main amalgam 15 is composed of Bi, Pb, Sn,
And Hg, the composition ratio (% by weight) of which is B
i: Pb: Sn: Hg = (40 to 58) :( 22 to 5)
5): (5-20): (1-10). With such a configuration, the reaction end temperature when the main amalgam 15 changes from the solid phase to the liquid phase is the temperature at the location of the main amalgam portion 13b accommodating the main amalgam 15 during the lighting operation (the present invention. Then, this is called the ambient temperature of the main amalgam)). Here, the reaction completion temperature is the temperature when the change from the solid phase to the liquid phase is completed.
As a result, the luminous flux stability during the lighting operation can be improved without deteriorating the luminous flux rising characteristics at the time of starting (details will be described later). The inverter lighting circuit 5 is a MOS
A self-oscillation type inverter circuit using an FET is arranged on a printed circuit board, and a predetermined electric power is supplied to the electrode coil 12. At one end of the case 7, a screw-shaped base 16 or a so-called screw base is provided. In the base 16, one ends of lead wires 17a and 17b are fixed by solder or the like. Lead wire 17
The other ends of a and 17b are connected to the inverter lighting circuit 5. The base 16 is connected to a socket of a lighting device (not shown) or the like, and is supplied with power from an external power supply.

Next, description will be given of the results of a comparative experiment in which the composition ratio of the main amalgam 15 is changed and the luminous flux rising characteristics at the time of starting and the luminous flux stability at the time of lighting operation are verified. In the following explanation, the five sample Nos.
The experimental results in Nos. 1 to 5 will be described. Sample No.
1 and No. 2 constitute the main amalgam 15 of this embodiment, and Samples No. 3 to No. 5 are comparative examples.

[0013]

[Table 1]

First, thermal analysis (Differential Scanning Calorie-mete) was performed on the above five samples No. 1 to No. 5.
ry) was carried out to verify the physical properties of those Bi-Pb-Sn-Hg amalgams. The verification result is shown in FIG. Figure 2
In, the temperature at which the amalgam begins to absorb mercury vapor by the endothermic reaction when the amalgam is heated, the temperature at which the absorption of mercury vapor becomes a peak, and the reaction end temperature when the amalgam changes from the solid phase to the liquid phase, Shown by ■ and ● respectively. As indicated by the black circles in FIG. 2, in the samples No. 3 to No. 5 of the comparative example, the reaction completion temperature when the solid phase changed to the liquid phase was higher than 150 ° C. On the other hand, in the samples No. 1 and No. 2 of this embodiment,
The reaction completion temperature when the solid phase changed to the liquid phase was around 100 ° C. During the lighting operation of the compact fluorescent lamp 1 (FIG. 1), the ambient temperature of the main amalgam 15 was about 120 ° C. according to the measurement by the inventors. Therefore, each sample N
When installing No. 3 to No. 5 as the main amalgam 15 in the main amalgam part 13b, the reaction end temperature at the time of changing from the solid phase to the liquid phase in each sample No. 3 to No. It was found to be higher than ambient temperature. As a result, when the samples No. 3 to No. 5 are used as the main amalgam 15, the absorption efficiency of mercury in the arc tube 2 by the main amalgam 15 is not desirable, and the mercury in the arc tube 2 during the lighting operation is not desirable. It was found that the vapor pressure is higher than the appropriate value of about 0.8 Pa. On the other hand, in the samples No. 1 and No. 2 of the present embodiment, the reaction end temperature when changing from the solid phase to the liquid phase is lower than the ambient temperature, and the mercury vapor pressure in the arc tube 2 during the lighting operation is It can be an appropriate value. The ambient temperature of the main amalgam 15 was measured by attaching a thermocouple to the outer surface of the exhaust pipe 13 facing the main amalgam portion 13b.

Next, in order to confirm the results of the above-mentioned thermal analysis, the mercury vapor pressure characteristics of the samples No. 1 to No. 3 were measured. The measurement result is shown in FIG. In this measurement, the relationship between the temperature and the mercury vapor pressure was obtained by the well-known principle of the atomic absorption method. In FIG. 3, a polygonal line 18 shows the measurement result of the vapor pressure with pure silver. Also, sample No. 1 to No.
Measured results of mercury vapor pressure at 3 are broken lines 19, 20, 21
Are shown respectively. As shown by the polygonal lines 19 and 20 in FIG. 3, the sample No. 1 and the sample No. 2 are the optimum mercury vapor in the arc tube 2 near the above ambient temperature (120 ° C.) during the lighting operation. A value close to the pressure (0.8 Pa) was obtained.

Next, the luminous flux characteristics of the compact fluorescent lamp 1 when each of the samples No. 1 to No. 3 is used as the main amalgam 15 will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5. Figure 4
Is a graph showing the luminous flux rising characteristics after lighting when Sample Nos. 1 to 3 are used for the main amalgam, and FIG. 5 is a graph when Samples No. 1 to No. 3 are used for the main amalgam. It is a graph which shows relative luminous flux from after lighting to 30 minutes. In FIGS. 4 and 5, the horizontal axis indicates the time elapsed from the start of lighting, and the vertical axis indicates the relative luminous flux with the luminous flux when the lamp is lit for 2 hours or more, which is the time for which the luminous flux is sufficiently stabilized, as 100%. . In FIG. 4, the measurement results of the relative luminous flux of Samples No. 1 to No. 3 are shown by polygonal lines 22, 23, and 24, respectively. In FIG. 5, the measurement results of the relative luminous fluxes of Samples No. 1 to No. 3 are shown by polygonal lines 25, 26, and 27, respectively. In the case of the sample No. 3 which is a comparative example, as shown by the polygonal line 27 in FIG. 5, the relative luminous flux decreased after a lapse of about 10 minutes from the lighting. The reason is sample No.
3, the reaction end temperature when changing from the solid phase to the liquid phase is 150 ° C. or higher, as shown by the solid circle in FIG. 2, and the mercury vapor absorption efficiency in the arc tube 2 is poor. Furthermore, sample No.
3, the mercury vapor pressure in the arc tube 2 exceeds the optimum mercury vapor pressure (0.8 Pa) near the ambient temperature (120 ° C.), as shown by the broken line 21 in FIG. Therefore, when Sample No. 3 is used as the main amalgam 15,
This is because the mercury vapor in the arc tube 2 becomes excessive.

On the other hand, in the samples No. 1 and No. 2 of this embodiment, the reaction end temperature at which the main amalgam 15 changes from the solid phase to the liquid phase is the ambient temperature (120 ° C.).
Therefore, the main amalgam 15 efficiently absorbs mercury vapor in the arc tube 2, and the main amalgam 15 is in a liquid phase state during steady operation in which stable operation is performed. Therefore, the mercury vapor pressure in the arc tube 2 is in an equilibrium state near an appropriate value (0.8 Pa), and as shown by the broken lines 25 and 26 in FIG.
The luminous flux stability of the compact fluorescent lamp 1 is improved. Further, as shown by the polygonal lines 22 and 23 in FIG. 4, no deterioration in the luminous flux rising characteristics at the time of starting was observed. As is clear from the above results, when the reaction end temperature when the main amalgam 15 changes from the solid phase to the liquid phase is 120 ° C. or lower which is the ambient temperature, the compact fluorescent lamp 1 has a luminous flux at the time of starting. It was found that the luminous flux stability in the lighting operation was improved without lowering the rising characteristics.

Next, the inventors have found that Bi-Pb-Sn-H.
The relationship between the reaction end temperature and the composition ratio when the g amalgam changed from the solid phase to the liquid phase was verified in more detail using thermal analysis. The verification result will be described with reference to FIGS. 6 to 9. FIG. 6 is a graph showing the relationship between the composition ratio of Sn and the reaction completion temperature when the solid phase changes to the liquid phase in Bi-Pb-Sn-Hg amalgam. The measurement results shown in FIG. 6 are obtained when the composition ratios of Hg and Bi are fixed values of 5% by weight and 40% by weight, respectively, and the composition ratio of Sn is changed with respect to the weight of the amalgam. Is. As shown by the polygonal line 28 in FIG. 6, it was found that when the composition ratio of Sn was 5 to 20% by weight, the reaction completion temperature when the amalgam changed from the solid phase to the liquid phase was 120 ° C. or lower. FIG. 7 is a graph showing the relationship between the composition ratio of Bi and the reaction completion temperature when the solid phase changes to the liquid phase in Bi-Pb-Sn-Hg amalgam. The measurement results shown in FIG. 7 are obtained when the composition ratio of Hg and Pb are fixed values of 5% by weight and 22% by weight, respectively, and the composition ratio of Bi is changed with respect to the weight of the amalgam. Is. As shown by the polygonal line 29 in FIG. 7, it was found that when the composition ratio of Bi was 40 to 58% by weight, the reaction completion temperature when the amalgam changed from the solid phase to the liquid phase was 120 ° C. or lower. The Pb composition ratio can be obtained by creating a known ternary phase diagram based on the measurement results shown in FIGS. 6 and 7. That is, as shown in FIG. 8, in the amalgam, the composition ratio of Pb is 22 to 5
When the content is 5% by weight, the reaction end temperature when the amalgam changes from the solid phase to the liquid phase is 120 ° C or lower.

Next, the composition ratio of Hg is set to Bi-Pb-Sn-.
As 1 to 20% by weight with respect to the weight of Hg amalgam,
FIG. 9 shows the results of measuring the luminous flux during steady lighting. Here, the composition ratio (% by weight) of Bi, Pb, and Sn is B
It was set to i: Pb: Sn = 49.9: 300.4: 14.7.
As shown by the polygonal line 30 in FIG. 9, the composition ratio of Hg is 1
When it exceeded 0% by weight, the luminous flux of the compact fluorescent lamp 1 decreased. Therefore, Hg does not cause a decrease in luminous flux during steady lighting.
It was found that the composition ratio of 1 to 10% by weight of the main amalgam 15.

As described above, the inventors clarified the physical properties of the amalgam alloy by experimental studies such as thermal analysis and measurement of mercury vapor pressure characteristics, and analyzed the behavior of mercury vapor in the arc tube 2. . Then, the composition of the main amalgam 15 was determined such that the reaction end temperature when the main amalgam 15 changed from the solid phase to the liquid phase was lower than the ambient temperature of the main amalgam 15. Therefore, in the bulb-type fluorescent lamp 1 of the present embodiment, the main amalgam 15 absorbs excess mercury vapor in the arc tube 2 immediately after lighting, and the mercury vapor pressure in the arc tube 2 during the lighting operation is appropriately adjusted. It was possible to make it a value. As a result, in the compact fluorescent lamp 1 of the present embodiment, it is possible to improve the luminous flux stability during the lighting operation without deteriorating the luminous flux rising characteristic at the time of starting.

[0021]

As described above, in the compact fluorescent lamp of the present invention, the main amalgam enclosed inside the arc tube is:
A main amalgam composed of Bi, Pb, Sn, and Hg so that the reaction end temperature when the main amalgam changes from the solid phase to the liquid phase is lower than the ambient temperature of the main amalgam during the lighting operation of the compact fluorescent lamp. Was determined. As a result, it is possible to improve the luminous flux stability during the lighting operation without deteriorating the luminous flux rising characteristics at the time of starting.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway front view showing the configuration of a compact fluorescent lamp according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the results of thermal analysis of five samples No. 1 to No. 5 shown in Table 1.

FIG. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between temperature and mercury vapor pressure in pure silver and samples No. 1 to No. 3.

FIG. 4 is a graph showing the luminous flux rising characteristics after lighting when samples No. 1 to No. 3 are used as the main amalgam.

FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relative luminous flux from the time of lighting to 30 minutes when Samples No. 1 to No. 3 were used as the main amalgam.

FIG. 6 In Bi-Pb-Sn-Hg amalgam,
The graph which shows the relationship between the composition ratio of Sn and the reaction completion temperature at the time of changing from a solid phase to a liquid phase.

FIG. 7 In Bi-Pb-Sn-Hg amalgam,
The graph which shows the relationship between the composition ratio of Bi and the reaction completion temperature at the time of changing from a solid phase to a liquid phase.

FIG. 8 In Bi-Pb-Sn-Hg amalgam,
The phase diagram of the ternary system in Bi, Pb, and Sn when Hg is made into fixed weight%.

FIG. 9 is a graph showing the relationship between the composition ratio of Hg and the reduction rate of luminous flux.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 light bulb type fluorescent lamp 2 arc tube 3 phosphor 4 holder 5 Inverter lighting circuit 6 gloves 7 cases 8 envelope 9 mount 10a, 10b internal lead wire 11 electrode coil 12 Auxiliary amalgam 13 Exhaust pipe 13b Main amalgam part 15 Lord Amalgam 16 mouthpiece

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (56) References JP 63-174260 (JP, A) JP 8-77971 (JP, A) JP 5-89833 (JP, A) JP 1- 197959 (JP, A) (58) Fields surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) H01J 61/28 H01J 61/32 H01J 61/30

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A bulb-type fluorescent lamp in which a main amalgam composed of Bi, Pb, Sn, and Hg is enclosed in an arc tube, and the reaction is completed when the main amalgam changes from a solid phase to a liquid phase. temperature, to be lower than the ambient temperature of the main amalgam during the lighting operation, the main Amalga
The composition ratio of the aluminum is Bi: Pb: Sn: Hg = (40-5
8): (22-55): (5-20): (1-10) weight
A compact fluorescent lamp characterized in that the amount is% . 2. A light bulb type fluorescent lamp having a non-linear arc tube in which a main amalgam composed of Bi, Pb, Sn, and Hg is enclosed, and a lighting device for lighting the arc tube. Te, the main end of the reaction temperature when the amalgam is changed to a liquid phase from the solid phase, so as to be lower than the ambient temperature of the main amalgam during the lighting operation, the
The composition ratio of the main amalgam is Bi: Pb: Sn: Hg =
(40-58): (22-55): (5-20): (1
10) A compact fluorescent lamp characterized by being 10% by weight .