JP3402757B2 - Secondary battery charging method and secondary battery charging device - Google Patents
Secondary battery charging method and secondary battery charging deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JP3402757B2 JP3402757B2 JP13428194A JP13428194A JP3402757B2 JP 3402757 B2 JP3402757 B2 JP 3402757B2 JP 13428194 A JP13428194 A JP 13428194A JP 13428194 A JP13428194 A JP 13428194A JP 3402757 B2 JP3402757 B2 JP 3402757B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- charging
- potential difference
- differential value
- negative potential
- battery
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は二次電池の充電方法およ
び充電装置に係り、さらに詳しくは正常な充電を確実に
実施し得る二次電池の充電方法および充電装置に関す
る。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a charging method and a charging device for a secondary battery, and more particularly to a charging method and a charging device for a secondary battery capable of reliably performing normal charging.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】ニッケル−水素二次電池、あるいはニッ
ケル−カドミウム二次電池などに代表される二次電池
は、たとえば携帯用電話機や携帯型撮像機など各種の機
器システムの作動電源として、広く実用化されている。
つまり、この種の二次電池は、いわゆる充電操作による
電力の確保もしくは貯蔵が可能なこと、また、前記確保
もしくは貯蔵した電力を電源として負荷の駆動（放電）
の繰り返し動作が可能なことから、半永久的な電源とし
て、各種の機器システムに組み込まれたりして実用され
ている。2. Description of the Related Art Secondary batteries represented by nickel-hydrogen secondary batteries or nickel-cadmium secondary batteries are widely used as operating power sources for various equipment systems such as mobile phones and portable image pickup devices. Has been converted.
That is, this type of secondary battery can secure or store electric power by so-called charging operation, and drive (discharge) a load by using the secured or stored electric power as a power source.
Since it can be repeatedly operated, it is used as a semi-permanent power source by being incorporated into various equipment systems.
【０００３】ところで、二次電池はいずれの場合も、前
記したように充電および放電が主要な機能であり、また
安全性の点から、充電の終止電圧（満充電状態）、放電
の終止電圧をそれぞれ限界とし、この限界範囲内の電圧
で充電や放電を行っている。そして、前記二次電池の定
電流充電においては、充電効率が電池の温度（充電温
度）に依存しており、高温の場合（たとえば45℃程度以
上）、酸素発生の増大を伴い充電効率が低減し、結果的
に電池寿命（放電作用）の低下を招来する。したがっ
て、充電時の被充電電池の温度が45℃程度を超えたと
き、充電を停止するという手法が採られている。By the way, in any of the secondary batteries, charging and discharging are the main functions as described above, and from the viewpoint of safety, the charging end voltage (fully charged state) and the discharge end voltage are set. Each limit is set, and charging and discharging are performed at a voltage within this limit range. In the constant current charging of the secondary battery, the charging efficiency depends on the temperature (charging temperature) of the battery, and when the temperature is high (for example, about 45 ° C. or higher), the charging efficiency decreases with the increase of oxygen generation. As a result, the battery life (discharging action) is shortened. Therefore, when the temperature of the battery to be charged during charging exceeds about 45 ° C., the method of stopping the charging is adopted.
【０００４】また、前記電池温度の変化による満充電状
態（充電終止）の判定を、被充電電池の充電電圧の負の
電位差検出およびタイマーの併用で行うことも知られて
いる。つまり、定電流充電されている二次電池におい
て、充電の進行に伴なう充電電圧の急上昇傾向をある一
定の時間との関連で捉えることによって、より妥当な満
充電状態（充電終止）の判定を行っている。It is also known that the determination of the fully charged state (the end of charging) due to the change in the battery temperature is performed by using a negative potential difference of the charging voltage of the battery to be charged and a timer together. In other words, in a rechargeable battery that is being charged with a constant current, a more appropriate full charge state (end of charge) can be determined by grasping the tendency of the charging voltage to rapidly increase with the progress of charging in relation to a certain period of time. It is carried out.
【０００５】図５および図６は、充電電圧の負の電位差
検出およびタイマーの併用で、充電終止の判定を行う原
理を説明するためのである。すなわち、二次電池の定電
流充電においては、充電時間に伴なって図５に概略の傾
向を示すように、充電電圧（曲線Ａ）が変化する。そし
て、充電開始からまもなく、充電電圧は急激な変化を示
し、その後、充電電圧においては負の電位差 -△Ｖ1 を
を示して、通常の充電状態に入ったことが確認される。
この通常な充電の進行に伴なって、充電電圧は定常的に
保たれるが再び急激な変化を呈する。つまり、満充電状
態に近付くと、充電電圧においては負の電位差 -△Ｖ2
を示す。図６は、前記満充電状態に近い時点における充
電電圧の急激な変化状態を示したものである。そして、
この時点では、充電電圧の負の電位差 -△Ｖ2 を一定の
時間内での推移で捉えて、充電の終止としている。FIGS. 5 and 6 are for explaining the principle of determining the end of charging by using a negative potential difference of the charging voltage and a timer together. That is, in the constant current charging of the secondary battery, the charging voltage (curve A) changes with the charging time, as shown in the general tendency in FIG. Then, shortly after the start of charging, the charging voltage shows a rapid change, and then the charging voltage shows a negative potential difference -ΔV 1 , which confirms that the normal charging state has been entered.
With the progress of this normal charging, the charging voltage is constantly maintained, but exhibits a sharp change again. That is, when approaching the fully charged state, the negative potential difference in the charging voltage is -ΔV 2
Indicates. FIG. 6 shows a sudden change state of the charging voltage at a time point close to the full charge state. And
At this point, the negative potential difference −ΔV 2 of the charging voltage is grasped as a transition within a fixed time, and the charging is terminated.
【０００６】[0006]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、二次電
池に対する定電流充電において、充電終止の判定に、前
記負の電位差検出およびタイマーを併用する方式を採っ
た場合、実用上次のような問題点がある。すなわち、定
電流充電での進行に伴って、被充電電池が満充電状態に
近付くと、前記図５および図６に図示したごとく、充電
電圧は負の電位差-△Ｖ2 が検出される。しかし、この
負の電位差 -△Ｖ2 は比較的小さく、またタイマーを併
用しているとはいえ、満充電状態（充電終止）を精度よ
く検出・把握し得ないので、実際的に正常な充電を行い
得ない。この点を、さらに詳述すると、前記充電電圧に
おける負の電位差 -△Ｖ2 検出は、その電位差 -△Ｖ2
変化が比較的微小で、かつ変化がなだらかであるため、
厳密な意味での満充電状態（充電終止）を検出すること
が困難で、満充電状態に至らずに充電を終止したり、あ
るいは逆に過充電状態化したりする恐れがある。そし
て、このような、充電未満の状態での放電は、結果的に
過放電状態に至らしめるので、電池の寿命低下を招来す
ることになり、また過充電状態化は、電池の破損・損傷
などを発生する。 本発明は上記事情に対処してなされ
たもので、二次電池に対して、容易かつ確実に、満充電
状態の充電を達成し得る二次電池の充電方法および充電
装置の提供を目的とする。However, in the constant current charging of the secondary battery, when the method of using the negative potential difference detection and the timer together is adopted for the determination of the termination of charging, the following practical problems occur. There is. That is, when the battery to be charged approaches the fully charged state as the constant current charging progresses, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, a negative potential difference −ΔV 2 is detected in the charging voltage. However, this negative potential difference -ΔV 2 is comparatively small, and although the timer is also used, it is not possible to accurately detect and grasp the fully charged state (charging end), so it is practically normal charging. Can't do. This point will be described in more detail. The negative potential difference −ΔV 2 in the charging voltage is detected by the potential difference −ΔV 2
Since the change is relatively small and the change is gentle,
It is difficult to detect the fully charged state (end of charging) in a strict sense, and there is a possibility that charging may be terminated without reaching the fully charged state, or conversely, an overcharged state may occur. And, such discharge in a state of less than charging eventually leads to an over-discharged state, which leads to a shortened life of the battery, and the over-charged state causes damage or damage of the battery. To occur. The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a secondary battery charging method and a charging device capable of easily and reliably achieving a fully charged state of a secondary battery. .
【０００７】[0007]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明に係る二次電池の
充電方法は、二次電池に定電流で充電し、その充電進行
に伴う被充電電池の負の電位差および単位時間当たりの
温度変化（温度微分値）により満充電状態を検知して、
充電の停止ないし終了する二次電池の充電方法であっ
て、前記被充電電池の負の電位差および被充電電池の温
度微分値が、予め選択・設定した充電開始後を示す第１
の負の電位差および充電開始後を示す第１の温度微分値
に到達したときは充電を維持し、予め選択・設定した前
記第１の負の電位差と異なる満充電を示す第２の負の電
位差および前記第１の温度微分値と異なる満充電を示す
第２の温度微分値に到達したときを充電の停止もしくは
終了の時点とすることを特徴とする。また、本発明に係
る二次電池の充電装置は、被充電電池の定電流による充
電電圧の負の電位差を検出する電圧検出回路と、前記被
充電電池の定電流充電に伴なう単位時間当たりの電池温
度の変化（温度微分値）を検出する温度検出回路と、前
記電圧検出回路で検出した負の電位差および温度検出回
路で検出した温度微分値を、予め設定・内蔵されている
負の電位差および温度微分値とそれぞれ対比して、前記
検出した負の電位差および前記検出した温度微分値が充
電開始後を示す第１の負の電位差および充電開始後を示
す第１の温度微分値であるときは充電状態を維持し、前
記検出した負の電位差および前記検出した温度微分値が
前記第１の負の電位差と異なる満充電を示す第２の負の
電位差および前記第１の温度微分値と異なる満充電を示
す第２の温度微分値であるときは充電スイッチを制御す
る充電制御回路とを具備して成ることを特徴とする。
本発明は、二次電池の定電流充電において、図１および
図２に模式的に示すごとく、満充電状態に到達すると、
被充電電池の充電電圧が負の電位差を呈するばかりでな
く、被充電電池の充電単位時間当たりの温度変化（温度
微分値）も大きくなり、これら負の電位差および温度微
分値から、定電流充電における満充電状態を的確に検出
し得ることに着目してなされたものである。すなわち、
図１に概略の傾向を示すように、二次電池の定電流充電
においては、充電時間に伴なって充電電圧（曲線Ａ）お
よび電池温度（曲線Ｂ）が変化する。そして、充電開始
からまもなく、充電電圧および電池温度は急激な変化を
示し、その後、充電電圧においては負の電位差 -△Ｖ1
を、また電池温度においても温度微分値△ｔ1 を示し
て、通常の充電状態に入ったことが確認される。この通
常な充電の進行に伴なって、充電電圧は定常的に保た
れ、また電池温度は徐々に温度上昇するが、再び急激な
変化を呈する。つまり、満充電状態に近付くと、充電電
圧においては負の電位差 -△Ｖ2 を、また電池温度にお
いては比較的大きい温度微分値△ｔ2 をそれぞれ示す。
図２は、前記満充電状態に近い時点における充電電圧お
よび電池温度の急激な変化状態を示したものである。そ
して、この時点では、充電電圧の負の電位差 -△Ｖ2 に
対して、温度微分値△ｔ2 が比較的大きいので、この負
の電位差 -△Ｖ2 および温度微分値△ｔ2 の相関関係か
ら満充電状態を把握すれば、容易かつ正確に満充電状態
の点で、充電停止を行うことが可能となる。つまり、充
電電圧の負の電位差 -△Ｖ2 比べて、より明確にその変
化が分かり易い温度微分値△ｔ2 を加え、両者を相関さ
せて基準とすることにより、正確な満充電状態の検出を
可能としたものである。A secondary battery charging method according to the present invention charges a secondary battery with a constant current, and a negative potential difference and a temperature change per unit time of a battery to be charged accompanying the progress of charging. (Temperature differential value) detects the fully charged state,
A method of charging a secondary battery in which charging is stopped or terminated, wherein a negative potential difference of the battery to be charged and a temperature differential value of the battery to be charged indicate after starting charging which is selected and set in advance.
Negative temperature difference and the first differential temperature value after the start of charging
Before upon reaching maintaining charge, which had been previously selected and set to
A full charge different from the first negative potential difference and the second negative potential difference and the first temperature differential value is shown.
It is characterized in that when the second temperature differential value is reached, the charging is stopped or terminated. Further, the secondary battery charging device according to the present invention, a voltage detection circuit for detecting the negative potential difference of the charging voltage by the constant current of the battery to be charged, per unit time accompanying the constant current charging of the battery to be charged. The temperature detection circuit that detects changes in the battery temperature (temperature differential value), the negative potential difference detected by the voltage detection circuit, and the temperature differential value detected by the temperature detection circuit are set in advance. and each compared with the temperature differential value, the
The detected negative potential difference and the detected temperature differential value are charged.
Shows the first negative potential difference after the start of charging and shows the start of charging.
When the first temperature differential value is reached, the state of charge is maintained and
Note that the detected negative potential difference and the detected temperature differential value are
A second negative potential indicating a full charge different from the first negative potential difference.
Indicates a full charge different from the potential difference and the first temperature differential value
And a charge control circuit that controls the charge switch when the second temperature differential value is obtained .
The present invention, in the constant current charging of the secondary battery, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG.
Not only does the charging voltage of the battery to be charged exhibit a negative potential difference, but also the temperature change (temperature differential value) per charging unit time of the battery to be charged becomes large. From these negative potential difference and temperature differential value, constant current charging This is done by paying attention to the fact that the fully charged state can be accurately detected. That is,
As shown in the general tendency in FIG. 1, in constant current charging of a secondary battery, the charging voltage (curve A) and the battery temperature (curve B) change with the charging time. Shortly after the start of charging, the charging voltage and the battery temperature suddenly change, and then the charging voltage has a negative potential difference -ΔV1.
And the temperature differential value Δt1 at the battery temperature as well, confirming that the normal charging state has been entered. With the progress of this normal charging, the charging voltage is constantly maintained, and the battery temperature gradually rises, but exhibits a sharp change again. That is, when approaching the fully charged state, a negative potential difference -ΔV2 is shown at the charging voltage, and a relatively large temperature differential value Δt2 is shown at the battery temperature.
FIG. 2 shows a sudden change state of the charging voltage and the battery temperature at a time point close to the fully charged state. At this point, since the temperature differential value Δt2 is relatively large with respect to the negative potential difference −ΔV2 of the charging voltage, the fully charged state is obtained from the correlation between the negative potential difference −ΔV2 and the temperature differential value Δt2. By understanding the above, it becomes possible to easily and accurately stop charging at the point of full charge. In other words, it is possible to accurately detect the full charge state by adding the temperature differential value Δt2, whose change is more clearly understood than the negative potential difference of the charging voltage -ΔV2, and correlating the two for reference. It is what
【０００８】なお、本発明においては、充電用の電力源
として、商用の交流電源を適切な電圧を持った直流に変
換したものが使用されるが、その他に、たとえば燃料電
池からなる電源を使用してもよいし、あるいはガソリン
エンジンないしはディーゼルエンジンなどから発電され
る電力を用いてもよい。In the present invention, as a power source for charging, a commercial AC power source converted into a direct current having an appropriate voltage is used. In addition, a power source such as a fuel cell is used. Alternatively, electric power generated from a gasoline engine or a diesel engine may be used.
【０００９】[0009]
【作用】本発明に係る充電方法おいては、二次電池の充
電電圧の負の電位差および充電温度が、満充電状態直前
で、急激に変化することを利用し、その負の電位差およ
び温度変化を、充電電圧微分および温度微分の形でそれ
ぞれ把え、かつ充電電圧微分（負の電位差）傾向と、温
度微分値の増大傾向（もしくは増大勾配）を目安とし
て、定電流充電の続行や停止（終了）の判定がなされ
る。つまり、負の電位差および温度微分値の併用にによ
って満充電状態を、より高精度に検出・把握し得るの
で、二次電池の長寿命化も図り得ることになる。In the charging method according to the present invention, the negative potential difference of the charging voltage of the secondary battery and the charging temperature change rapidly just before the full charge state, and the negative potential difference and the temperature change thereof are utilized. In the form of charge voltage differential and temperature differential, and using constant charge voltage differential (negative potential difference) tendency and temperature differential value increasing tendency (or increasing slope) as a guide, continue or stop constant current charging ( End) is determined. That is, the full charge state can be detected and grasped with higher accuracy by using the negative potential difference and the temperature differential value together, and thus the life of the secondary battery can be extended.
【００１０】また、本発明に係る充電装置の場合は、充
電電圧の負の電位差を検出する電圧検出回路、温度微分
値を検出する温度検出回路、および充電スイッチを制御
する充電制御回路とによって、前記負の電位差および温
度微分値をそれぞれ検出し、予め設定・内蔵されている
基準値としての負の電位差および温度微分値とそれぞれ
対比して、充電の続行もしくは充電停止（充電終了）が
自動的に行われる。つまり、前記本発明に係る充電方法
の作用・効果が、煩雑な操作など要せずに、自動的に達
成し得ることになる。Further, in the case of the charging device according to the present invention, the voltage detecting circuit for detecting the negative potential difference of the charging voltage, the temperature detecting circuit for detecting the temperature differential value, and the charging control circuit for controlling the charging switch, Each of the negative potential difference and the temperature differential value is detected and compared with the negative potential difference and the temperature differential value, which are preset and built-in reference values, to automatically continue charging or stop charging (end of charging). To be done. That is, the action and effect of the charging method according to the present invention can be automatically achieved without requiring a complicated operation.
【００１１】[0011]
【実施例】以下、図３および図４を参照して本発明の実
施例を説明する。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.
【００１２】先ず図３は、本発明に係る二次電池の充電
装置の要部構成例を示すブロック図であり、１は被充電
電池２、たとえばニッケル−水素電池を定電流充電して
いるとき、その充電電圧の負の電位差を検出する電圧検
出回路、３は前記被充電電池２の定電流充電に伴なう単
位時間当たりの電池温度の変化（温度微分値）を検出す
る温度検出回路である。ここで、電圧検出回路１は、定
電流充電する被充電電池２の充電入力４側に配置され、
定電流充電される被充電電池２の充電電圧を逐次検出す
るもので、充電進行時の充電電圧は勿論のこと、満充電
状態の負の電位差も検出する機能を備えている。First of all, FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing an example of the main configuration of a charging device for a secondary battery according to the present invention, where 1 is a battery 2 to be charged, for example, a nickel-hydrogen battery, which is charged with a constant current. , A voltage detection circuit for detecting a negative potential difference of the charging voltage, 3 is a temperature detection circuit for detecting a change (temperature differential value) of the battery temperature per unit time accompanying the constant current charging of the battery 2 to be charged. is there. Here, the voltage detection circuit 1 is arranged on the charging input 4 side of the charged battery 2 for constant current charging,
The charging voltage of the to-be-charged battery 2 that is charged with a constant current is sequentially detected, and it has a function of detecting not only the charging voltage at the time of charging progress but also the negative potential difference in the fully charged state.
【００１３】また、温度検出回路３は、前記定電流充電
の進行に伴う被充電電池２の温度上昇・温度変化を、被
充電電池２に近接して配置された温度検出素子3aによっ
て検出し、かつ温度微分値を算出・検出する機能を備え
ている。さらに、５は前記電圧検出回路１および温度検
出回路３に接続し、電圧検出回路１で検出した負の電位
差および温度検出回路３で検出した温度微分値を、予め
設定・内蔵してある負の電位差および温度微分値とそれ
ぞれ対比し、前記設定値の範囲にあるか否かで、充電ス
イッチ６の開閉（on,off）を制御する充電制御回路であ
る。Further, the temperature detecting circuit 3 detects the temperature rise / temperature change of the battery 2 to be charged due to the progress of the constant current charging by the temperature detecting element 3a arranged close to the battery 2 to be charged, It also has the function of calculating and detecting the temperature differential value. Further, reference numeral 5 is connected to the voltage detection circuit 1 and the temperature detection circuit 3, and the negative potential difference detected by the voltage detection circuit 1 and the temperature differential value detected by the temperature detection circuit 3 are set in advance and stored as a negative value. The charge control circuit controls the opening and closing (on, off) of the charging switch 6 by comparing the potential difference and the temperature differential value with each other and determining whether or not they are in the range of the set value.
【００１４】この充電制御回路５は、前記電圧検出回路
１で電圧異常が、また温度検出回路３で温度異常が検出
された場合は、充電スイッチ６を制御して定電流充電を
中止するとともに、電圧検出回路１で検出された充電電
圧の負の電位差 -△Ｖ2 ，および温度検出回路３で検出
された温度微分値△ｔ2 が、予め設定・内蔵させてある
負の電位差範囲内にあるか否か、および温度微分値範囲
内にあるか否かを対比し、前記定電流充電の続行もしく
は停止を判定して、充電スイッチ６を開閉・制御を行う
ように機能する。When a voltage abnormality is detected by the voltage detection circuit 1 and a temperature abnormality is detected by the temperature detection circuit 3, the charge control circuit 5 controls the charging switch 6 to stop the constant current charging, and The negative potential difference −ΔV 2 of the charging voltage detected by the voltage detection circuit 1 and the temperature differential value Δt 2 detected by the temperature detection circuit 3 are within a preset negative potential difference range. It functions to open / close / control the charging switch 6 by comparing whether or not it is within the temperature differential value range, determining whether to continue or stop the constant current charging.
【００１５】次に、前記充電装置における二次電池の充
電動作を、図４のフローチヤートを参照して説明する。Next, the charging operation of the secondary battery in the charging device will be described with reference to the flow chart of FIG.
【００１６】先ず、被充電電池２の満充電状態の充電電
圧の負の電位差，および温度微分値の範囲をそれぞれ設
定する一方、被充電電池２（たとえばニッケル−水素電
池）をセットしてから、充電スイッチ６をonにして、定
電流充電を開始する。この定電流充電過程（充電進行
中）で、被充電電池２の充電電圧および被充電電池２の
温度を、電圧検出回路１および温度検出回路３にてそれ
ぞれ検出する。そして、これらの検出操作において、電
圧異常が認められたときは、充電スイッチ６を offとし
て充電を中止するが、電圧異常が認められないときは、
さらに温度異常の有無をみて、温度異常が認められたと
きは、充電スイッチ６を offとして充電を中止し、温度
異常が認められないときは充電を続行する。First, while setting the range of the negative potential difference and the temperature differential value of the charging voltage of the charged battery 2 in the fully charged state, the charged battery 2 (for example, nickel-hydrogen battery) is set, and then The charging switch 6 is turned on to start constant current charging. In the constant current charging process (charging is in progress), the voltage detection circuit 1 and the temperature detection circuit 3 detect the charging voltage of the battery 2 to be charged and the temperature of the battery 2 to be charged, respectively. Then, in these detection operations, when the voltage abnormality is recognized, the charging switch 6 is turned off to stop the charging, but when the voltage abnormality is not recognized,
Further, by checking the presence or absence of temperature abnormality, when the temperature abnormality is recognized, the charging switch 6 is turned off to stop the charging, and when the temperature abnormality is not recognized, the charging is continued.
【００１７】この定電流充電がさらに進行して、前記電
圧検出回路１および温度検出回路３にて、それぞれ充電
電圧の負の電位差，増大化した温度微分値が検出される
時点では、これら負の電位差，温度微分値が、前記予め
設定した負の電位差の範囲内か否か，温度微分値の範囲
内か否かが、充電制御回路５で比較・判定される。ここ
で、負の電位差 -△Ｖ2 が、前記設定値を超えていると
きは温度微分値△ｔ2が設定値の範囲を超えている否か
が比較・判定されて、両者がともに超えている場合は、
満充電状態に到達しているので充電スイッチ６が offさ
れ、定電流充電が終了する。しかし、負の電位差 -△Ｖ
2 が、前記設定値を超えていないとき、もしくは負の電
位差 -△Ｖ2 は設定値を超えていても温度微分値△ｔ2
が設定値の範囲を超えていない場合は、前記定電流充電
の操作が満充電状態に到達するまで続行される。At the time when the constant current charging further progresses and the voltage detecting circuit 1 and the temperature detecting circuit 3 detect the negative potential difference of the charging voltage and the increased temperature differential value, respectively, these negative values are detected. The charge control circuit 5 compares and determines whether the potential difference and the temperature differential value are within the preset negative potential difference range or the temperature differential value range. Here, when the negative potential difference -ΔV 2 exceeds the set value, it is compared / determined whether the temperature differential value Δt 2 exceeds the set value range, and both are exceeded. If
Since the battery has reached the fully charged state, the charging switch 6 is turned off, and the constant current charging is completed. However, negative potential difference-△ V
When 2 does not exceed the set value, or when the negative potential difference -ΔV 2 exceeds the set value, the temperature differential value Δt 2
Does not exceed the set value range, the constant current charging operation is continued until the full charge state is reached.
【００１８】こうして、所要の被充電電池２について、
満充電状態の充電を行った後、被充電電池２を取り外
し、要すれば新たな被充電電池２を装着して、前記充電
操作を繰り返すことにより、常に正常な充電を行うこと
が可能である。Thus, with respect to the required battery 2 to be charged,
It is possible to always perform normal charging by removing the battery 2 to be charged, mounting a new battery 2 to be charged, if necessary, after performing charging in a fully charged state, and repeating the charging operation. .
【００１９】なお、上記ではニッケル−水素電池に対す
る定電流充電について例示したが、本発明はこの例示に
限定されるものでなく、本発明の趣旨を逸脱しない範囲
でいろいろの変形を採り得る。たとえば、対象となる二
次電池は、ニッケル−カドミウム二次電池などの場合も
同様に適用し、同様な作用効果を得ることが可能であ
る。Although the constant current charging for the nickel-hydrogen battery has been described above, the present invention is not limited to this example, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention. For example, the target secondary battery can be similarly applied to the case of a nickel-cadmium secondary battery or the like to obtain the same effect.
【００２０】[0020]
【発明の効果】以上実施例の説明などから分かるよう
に、本発明によれば、被充電用の二次電池に対する定電
流充電の実施において、被充電用の二次電池の充電に伴
う満充電状態に近い時点（満充電直前）での、充電電圧
の負の電位差を一つの目安としながら、一方では電池温
度変化を温度微分の形で把え、かつこの温度微分値の増
大化をも目安とし、これら両者の値が予め設定した値に
到達した時点（もしくは超えた時点）を充電停止（終
了）する方式を採っている。つまり、二次電池に対する
満充電（もしくは満充電により近接した充電）の時点
が、二つのファクターによって指示される。したがっ
て、被充電電池に対する充電不足や過充電など確実に回
避され、常時、正常な定電流充電を行い得ることになる
ので、前記充電不足（過放電）や過充電の問題も全面的
になくなり、二次電池の超寿命化が図られることにな
る。As can be seen from the above description of the embodiments and the like, according to the present invention, in carrying out the constant current charging of the secondary battery to be charged, the full charge accompanying the charging of the secondary battery to be charged is achieved. While using the negative potential difference of the charging voltage at the time close to the state (immediately before full charge) as one guide, on the other hand, the battery temperature change can be grasped in the form of temperature differential, and the increase of this temperature differential value can also be used as a standard. Then, a method of stopping (terminating) charging at a time point when both of these values reach a preset value (or at a time point when they exceed each other) is adopted. That is, the point of time when the secondary battery is fully charged (or charged closer to the full charge) is indicated by two factors. Therefore, it is possible to reliably avoid insufficient charging or overcharging of the battery to be charged, and it is possible to always perform normal constant current charging, so that the problems of insufficient charging (overdischarging) and overcharging are completely eliminated, The life of the secondary battery will be extended.
【図１】二次電池の定電流充電における充電経過時間と
充電電圧および電池温度との関係例を模式的に示す特性
図。FIG. 1 is a characteristic diagram schematically showing an example of a relationship between a charging elapsed time and a charging voltage and a battery temperature in constant current charging of a secondary battery.
【図２】二次電池の定電流充電における満充電状態時の
充電電圧の負の電位差および電池温度変化（温度微分
値）例を模式的に示す特性図。FIG. 2 is a characteristic diagram schematically showing an example of a negative potential difference of a charging voltage and a battery temperature change (temperature differential value) in a fully charged state in constant current charging of a secondary battery.
【図３】本発明に係る充電装置の構成例を示すブロック
図。FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of a charging device according to the present invention.
【図４】本発明に係る充電装置による二次電池の定電流
充電方法の実施態様例を説明するためのフローチャート
図。FIG. 4 is a flow chart for explaining an example of an embodiment of a constant current charging method for a secondary battery by the charging device according to the present invention.
【図５】二次電池の定電流充電における充電経過時間と
電池温度との関係例を模式的に示す特性図。FIG. 5 is a characteristic diagram schematically showing an example of the relationship between charging elapsed time and battery temperature in constant current charging of a secondary battery.
【図６】二次電池の定電流充電における満充電状態時の
電池温度変化（温度微分値）例を模式的に示す特性図。FIG. 6 is a characteristic diagram schematically showing an example of battery temperature change (temperature differential value) in a fully charged state in constant current charging of a secondary battery.
１…電圧検出回路 ２…被充電電池 ３…温度検出
回路 3a…温度検出素子 ４…充電入力 ５…充
電制御回路 ６…充電スイッチ1 ... Voltage detection circuit 2 ... Charged battery 3 ... Temperature detection circuit 3a ... Temperature detection element 4 ... Charge input 5 ... Charge control circuit 6 ... Charge switch
フロントページの続き (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7，ＤＢ名) H02J 7/00 - 7/12 H02J 7/34 - 7/36 Front page continued (58) Fields surveyed (Int.Cl. 7 , DB name) H02J 7/ 00-7/12 H02J 7 /34-7/36
Claims (2)
行に伴う被充電電池の負の電位差および単位時間当たり
の温度変化（温度微分値）により満充電状態を検知し
て、充電の停止ないし終了する二次電池の充電方法であ
って、 前記被充電電池の負の電位差および被充電電池の温度微
分値が、予め選択・設定した充電開始後を示す第１の負
の電位差および充電開始後を示す第１の温度微分値に到
達したときは充電を維持し、予め選択・設定した前記第
１の負の電位差と異なる満充電を示す第２の負の電位差
および前記第１の温度微分値と異なる満充電を示す第２
の温度微分値に到達したときを充電の停止もしくは終了
の時点とすることを特徴とする二次電池の充電方法。1. A fully charged state is detected by charging a secondary battery with a constant current and detecting the full charge state from the negative potential difference of the battery to be charged and the temperature change per unit time (temperature differential value) accompanying the progress of charging. A method of charging a secondary battery that is stopped or terminated, wherein a negative potential difference of the battery to be charged and a temperature differential value of the battery to be charged are a first negative value indicating after start of charging selected and set in advance.
To the first temperature differential value that indicates the potential difference of
Reached when maintaining the charge, said first preselected and set
A second negative potential difference indicating a full charge different from the negative potential difference of 1 and a second negative potential difference indicating a full charge different from the first temperature differential value
The method of charging a secondary battery, wherein the charging is stopped or terminated when the temperature differential value is reached.
の電位差を検出する電圧検出回路と、 前記被充電電池の定電流充電に伴なう単位時間当たりの
電池温度の変化（温度微分値）を検出する温度検出回路
と、 前記電圧検出回路で検出した負の電位差および温度検出
回路で検出した温度微分値を、予め設定・内蔵されてい
る負の電位差および温度微分値とそれぞれ対比して、前
記検出した負の電位差および前記検出した温度微分値が
充電開始後を示す第１の負の電位差および充電開始後を
示す第１の温度微分値であるときは充電状態を維持し、
前記検出した負の電位差および前記検出した温度微分値
が前記第１の負の電位差と異なる満充電を示す第２の負
の電位差および前記第１の温度微分値と異なる満充電を
示す第２の温度微分値であるときは充電スイッチを制御
する充電制御回路とを具備して成ることを特徴とする二
次電池の充電装置。2. A voltage detection circuit for detecting a negative potential difference of a charging voltage due to a constant current of a battery to be charged, and a change in battery temperature per unit time (temperature differential value) accompanying constant current charging of the battery to be charged. ), The negative potential difference detected by the voltage detection circuit and the temperature differential value detected by the temperature detection circuit are respectively compared with the preset negative potential difference and the temperature differential value which are built in. , Before
Note that the detected negative potential difference and the detected temperature differential value are
The first negative potential difference that indicates after the start of charging and after the start of charging
When it is the first temperature differential value shown, the state of charge is maintained,
The detected negative potential difference and the detected temperature differential value
Is a second negative indicating a full charge different from the first negative potential difference.
Full potential different from the potential difference of and the first temperature differential value
A charging device for a secondary battery, comprising: a charging control circuit for controlling a charging switch when the second temperature differential value shown is obtained .
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP13428194A JP3402757B2 (en) | 1994-06-16 | 1994-06-16 | Secondary battery charging method and secondary battery charging device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP13428194A JP3402757B2 (en) | 1994-06-16 | 1994-06-16 | Secondary battery charging method and secondary battery charging device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH089563A JPH089563A (en) | 1996-01-12 |
| JP3402757B2 true JP3402757B2 (en) | 2003-05-06 |
Family
ID=15124622
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP13428194A Expired - Fee Related JP3402757B2 (en) | 1994-06-16 | 1994-06-16 | Secondary battery charging method and secondary battery charging device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3402757B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7109684B2 (en) | 2002-05-17 | 2006-09-19 | The New Industry Research Organization | Secondary cell charger and charging method |
| KR100665451B1 (en) | 2004-02-25 | 2007-01-04 | 테크노 코어 인터내셔널 가부시키가이샤 | Secondary battery charger |
-
1994
- 1994-06-16 JP JP13428194A patent/JP3402757B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH089563A (en) | 1996-01-12 |
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