JP3401654B2 - Construction method of shield machine and underground structure - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a shield machine and a method of constructing an underground structure for constructing a skeleton of an underground structure such as a large-section tunnel, an underground river, an underground storage tank.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Recently, from the viewpoint of effectively utilizing underground space, plans are underway to construct large underground structures such as rivers, storage tanks, and road / rail tunnels. For this type of construction, it has been attempted to employ the open-cut method, pipe roof method, shield method, and mountain tunnel method.

[0003]

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] The above-mentioned underground construction technique has the following problems.

<B> In the excavation method, since it occupies the ground during the construction, it has a great influence on the ground traffic, etc., and the adoption of the method is restricted.

<B> In the pipe roof construction method, the construction length is limited due to the limitation of construction accuracy, and the construction method is limited.

<C> In the shield construction method, the shield excavator becomes larger as the construction cross section becomes larger, the construction cost is increased due to the cost increase of the shield excavator, and the face having a large cross section can be stabilized. Technically difficult.

<D> When the underground structure is a tunnel for roads or railroads, it is ideal if the construction can be performed by changing the width of the skeleton at the branching point or the merging point, but such construction is currently possible. Shield machine has not been proposed yet.

<E> In the mountain tunnel method, it is difficult to construct a large underground structure in soft ground.

[0009]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above points. The object of the present invention is that the construction can be carried out without being restricted by the construction length, and the construction can be carried out in response to changes in sectional shape. , To provide a method for constructing a shield machine and an underground structure.

[0010]

Means for Solving the Problems That is, the present invention is a shield machine for constructing a skeleton of an underground structure, which comprises a pair of end cylinders for excavating while constructing a working shaft, and the end cylinders. And an intermediate box part that is integrally connected to the work pit and that is advanced by excavating while constructing the skeleton of the underground structure integrally with the work pit, and the tubular steel shell and the intermediate box part that form the end tubular part. A box-shaped steel shell forming a part is continuously formed by communicating the inner space, and a plurality of rotary cutters are arranged in a row on the front surfaces of the steel shells of the end cylinder part and the intermediate box part, one of The end cylinder part is provided with an erector device capable of extruding a segment constituting the skeleton of the underground structure toward the other end cylinder part in the intermediate box part,
The upper and lower steel shells constituting the intermediate box body are each formed of a plurality of outer steels.
It is composed of a laminated body of shells and inner steel shells, each inner steel shell is connected by a cylinder, and the intermediate box part is configured to expand and contract in the tunnel transverse direction so that the excavation width can be adjusted freely. It is a shield machine.

Further, the present invention comprises a step of constructing a skeleton of an underground structure by using the above-described shield machine and extruding a segment from inside the end cylinder portion of the shield machine to an expandable / retractable intermediate box part. , A step of assembling the segment in the end cylinder part of the shield machine to construct a work mine integrated with an underground structure, and a step of digging the shield machine by obtaining a reaction force from an existing segment, It is a method for constructing an underground structure, characterized by repeating each step.

Further, the present invention constructs a skeleton of an underground structure by extruding a segment toward the intermediate box part from the inside of the end tube part while expanding and contracting the intermediate box part of the shield machine, and at the same time, constructing the end cylinder. The segments are assembled in the body to construct a work mine that is integrated with the underground structure, and the roof and floor slab of the underground structure are constructed to face each other, and the width changes according to the cross-sectional shape of the underground structure. Between the roof part and the floor slab part, it is possible to construct an underground structure having a closed cross section by constructing a side wall part in which the facing distance changes according to the cross sectional shape of the underground structure using the shield machine. It is a characteristic construction method for underground structures.

[0013]

Embodiment 1 An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

<a> Shield machine 1 An example of the shield machine 1 is shown in FIGS. As shown in FIG. 1, the shield machine 1 includes a pair of left and right end cylinders 2, 2
And an intermediate box body 3 having an expansion / contraction function that integrally connects the end cylinders 2 and 2 and has an opening of the steel shell 4 of the C-shaped end cylinders 2 and 2. The ends are connected to both edges of each of the steel shells 5 and 5 of the intermediate box body 3 positioned in parallel in the vertical direction to form a continuous space inside. Rotating cutters 6 and 6 are attached to the steel shells 4 forming the end cylinders 2 and 2, respectively, and a plurality of rotating cutters 7 are arranged in a row in the steel shells 5 and 5 forming the intermediate box body 3. The rotary cutters 6 and 7 can excavate in an elongated shape (horizontally long or vertically long). The main components will be described in detail below.

<B> End Cylindrical Body Section FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional view of the tail portion of each one of the cylindrical end cylindrical body sections 2. The end cylindrical body section 2 is a cylindrical work pit 9 while being excavated.
An excavator for constructing a vehicle, which is provided with a plurality of shield jacks 17 and an erector device 8 inside. The erector device 8 is a connection lining body 1 located between the work shafts 9, 9.
A grip portion 1 for gripping a rectangular segment 11 that constitutes 0
2, a cylinder portion 13 that pushes the segment 11 laterally, and a traveling portion 15 that can travel along a guide rail 14 provided in the end tubular portion 2 in the circumferential direction. The segment 11 carried in through is grasped and can be sequentially extruded from one end cylinder body portion 2 toward the other end cylinder body portion 2 opposite to each other. It should be noted that the arcuate segment 15 that constitutes the work shaft 9 is assembled by the erector device 8 or by using a separate erector device.

<C> Intermediate Box Body Section As shown in FIG. 1, the intermediate box body section 3 is an excavator for constructing the lining body 10 in a straight line, and is provided with a plurality of rotary cutters 7 on its front surface. Inside, a plurality of shield jacks (not shown) for obtaining a reaction force from the existing lining body 10 to proceed with digging are equipped. The steel shells 5 and 5 forming the intermediate box body portion 3 communicate with the steel shell 4 of the end tubular body portion 2 described above, and are set to a size capable of receiving the segment 11 in the steel shell 4.
3 and 4 are front views of the intermediate box part 3 as seen from the face of the face, FIG. 3 shows the intermediate box part 3 in the most contracted state, and FIG. 4 shows the intermediate box part 3 in the expanded state. Indicates. The rotary cutters 7 are arranged such that the adjacent cutters are displaced from each other in the front and rear direction so that the rotary cutter 7 can be excavated in accordance with the expansion and contraction of the intermediate box portion 3. Further, the upper and lower steel shells 5 and 5 that constitute the intermediate box body portion 3 are each a stack of a plurality of outer steel shells 5a and inner steel shells 5b, and a plurality of steel shells mounted between the inner steel shells 5b in the transverse direction. It is possible to set the total width (expansion / contraction amount) of the steel shells 5, 5 in the tunnel transverse direction according to the shape of the underground structure by the extension operation or the contraction operation of the cylinder 24. ing. Further, the distance between the rotary cutters 7 is also changed according to the expansion and contraction of the cylinder 24.

<D> Excavation Route As shown in FIG. 5, the excavated soil generated from the rotary cutter 6 is discharged to the outside through the working pit 9, but the excavated soil generated by the rotary cutter 7 of the intermediate box part 3 is discharged. Is similarly discharged to the ground through the work pit 9. As the soil discharging means, a well-known transportation means such as a pipe transportation means, a screw type / belt type conveyor transportation means, a trolley transportation means or the like can be adopted.

<E> Segments As shown in FIG. 1, the segments 15 constituting the work pit 9 are known arc-shaped steel or concrete segments or steel and concrete composite segments. It is rigidly connected by bolts and nuts.

As shown in FIG. 6, the segment 11 constituting the connecting lining body 10 is a rectangular parallelepiped made of steel or concrete, or a rectangular parallelepiped made of steel and concrete, and is in a direction orthogonal to the tunnel direction (transverse direction). Front and back surfaces 11a, 1
Fitting portions 11c and 11d that can be fitted to 1b are formed. The fitting portions 11c and 11d are configured to have a fitting structure that allows the segment 11 to slide in the transverse direction while restraining separation in the excavation direction. Further segment 1
Joint boxes 11e are provided at the upper and lower edges of both ends of 1. Generally, the joint box is provided only on the inner side of the segment, but in this embodiment, the segment 11 is assembled within the end tubular portion 2. Therefore, the joint box 11e is provided on the inner and outer surfaces (front and back surfaces) of the segment 11 to cross the direction. 11 segments can be combined.

Structure of the segment 11 and fitting portions 11c, 1
With respect to the structure of 1d, the invention already applied by the present inventor and the collaborators thereof, for example, as JP-A-5-239994, can be applied.

[0021]

[Operation] Next, a method of constructing an underground structure will be described.

<B> Excavation As shown in FIG. 1, the rotary cutters 6, 7 of the shield excavator 1 are shown.
And the excavation process of excavating the natural ground and the excavation process of advancing the machine body by applying reaction force to the existing work mine 9 and the connected lining body 10 by extending the inner shield jack.

<B> Assembly of Segments The segments 11, 15 are carried into the space of the end cylinder part 2 formed by the forward movement of the shield machine 1 using the working pit 9, and the connection lining is carried out in the following manner. After the body 10 is assembled, the work shafts 9 are assembled. As shown in FIG. 2, after the direction of the segment 11 held by the erector device 8 in the end tubular portion 2 is corrected to the side, the segment 11 that has been assembled last time is completed.
While pushing the upper and lower edges of the, push it to the side. At this time, the fitting portion 11c of the segment 11 to be pushed is fitted to the fitting portion 11d of the segment that has been assembled last time. In this manner, the segment 11 is sequentially pushed from the inside of the one end tubular portion 2 toward the other end tubular portion 2, or from the inside of the both end tubular portions 2 and 2 to construct the connection cover body 10. Next, the arcuate segment 15 is assembled and the work pit 9 is added.

<C> When the cross-sectional width of the connecting lining body 10 serving as the skeleton of the expansion / contraction underground structure gradually expands and returns to the original cross-sectional width, the cylinder 24 shown in FIG. The digging operation is performed to gradually expand the entire width of the intermediate box body portion 3 and proceed. When the cross-sectional width of the connecting lining body 10 is gradually reduced, the cylinder 24 shown in FIG. 4 is contracted as shown in FIG. 3 to gradually contract the entire width of the intermediate box body portion 3. The segments 11 are sequentially pushed laterally in accordance with the expansion / contraction operation of the intermediate box portion 3 to construct the connected lining body 10 having a changed width. At this time, if a segment having a trapezoidal planar shape is used for the outermost segment 11, it is possible to cope with the expansion / contraction change of the intermediate box body portion 3. By repeating the above steps, the connection lining body 10 and the working pit 9 are constructed to have a predetermined length. The connection lining body 10 is used as a frame for various underground structures.

[0025]

[Embodiment 2] The side walls 23, 23 of Embodiment 2 are replaced with those of Embodiment 1.
The shield machine 1 may be oriented vertically to construct an underground structure 20 having a rectangular cross section.

[0026]

Third Embodiment FIGS. 7 and 8 show another embodiment in which an underground structure 20 having a rectangular cross section is constructed using the shield machine 1 of FIG. First, as shown in FIG. 7 , the underground structure 2 is spaced at regular intervals .
The roof part 21 and the floor slab 22 of 0 are constructed. Roof part 2
1 and floor slab 22 are composed of a connecting body of work shafts 9, 9 and a connecting lining body 10 and the intermediate box body portion 3 of the shield machine 1 is expanded / contracted according to the body width of the underground structure 20. What is done is the same as in the first embodiment. Next, the roof part 21
Therefore, while preventing the top soil from collapsing, the same shield excavator 1 is used to construct the side wall portions 23, 23 between both edges of the roof portion 21 and the floor slab portion 22, and the four sides are surrounded. An underground structure 20 having a closed cross section is constructed. After that, each part 21-2
A predetermined underground structure 20 is constructed by excavating the ground inside 3 with a known excavator.

In this embodiment, since the roof portion 21 and the floor slab portion 22 can be constructed according to the sectional shape of the underground structure 20, the connecting lining body 10 constituting the roof portion 21 and the floor slab portion 22 can be constructed. Material (segment) can be effectively utilized.

[0028]

[Fourth Embodiment] In the above embodiment, the shield machine 1 has the intermediate box portion 3 having a flat shape.
The intermediate box body portion 3 may be formed in an arcuate cross section as shown in FIG. In this embodiment, since the segment 11 is extruded into the intermediate box body portion 3 from the side to construct the connection lining body 10, the segment 11 formed according to the curvature of the connection lining body 10 is used. There is a need to.

[0029]

[Fifth Embodiment] FIG. 10 shows a shield machine 1 according to the fourth embodiment.
Another example of constructing the curved roof portion 21 of the underground structure 20 by using After constructing the curved roof part 21, the lower part of the roof part 21 is excavated and used for various underground structures. In this embodiment, when excavating below the roof portion 21, the roof portion 21 prevents the top soil from collapsing.

[0030]

Since the present invention is as described above, the following effects can be obtained.

<A> Since the intermediate box portion of the shield machine is expanded / contracted, it is possible to suitably perform the construction of an underground structure having a varying construction width.

<B> Since the skeleton of the underground structure is constructed by excavating with the minimum necessary excavation width, the burden of excessive earth pressure on the face is eliminated, the stability of the face is improved, and it is protected by the shield machine. Since the skeleton of the underground structure is constructed in the space, the construction length is not restricted and the construction can be performed with high accuracy.

<C> The underground structure can be three-dimensionally constructed by constructing the roof portion, floor slab portion, and side wall portion of the underground structure using the shield machine. In this case, the construction can be performed according to the cross-sectional shape of the underground structure by changing the facing distance of the side wall.

<D> Since the roof lining is constructed in advance, it is possible to construct an underground structure having a large cross section without using an auxiliary construction method even on soft ground.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a shield machine according to a first embodiment as viewed from a cutting face side.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of II-II in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a front view of a shield machine having a scaling function.

FIG. 4 is a front view of the shield machine when it is expanded, as seen from the face of the face.

FIG. 5 is a conceptual diagram of a shield machine for explaining an excavation route.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a segment that constitutes a connection lining body.

[Fig. 7] Explanatory view of the roof and floor slab of the underground structure as seen from the cutting face.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory view in which a side wall portion is provided between the roof portion and the floor slab portion.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory view of the fourth embodiment in which the intermediate box portion of the shield machine is bent in an arc shape, the left half of the drawing is a front view of the shield machine seen from the face of the face, and the right half of the drawing is a connection cover. Front view of the structure

10 is an explanatory view of another embodiment in which an underground structure is configured only by a curved roof portion using the shield machine of FIG.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (73) Patent holder 000231198 Japan Land Development Co., Ltd. 4-9-9 Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo (73) Patent holder 000236610 Fudo Construction Co., Ltd. 4 Hiranocho, Chuo-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka 2-16 (72) Inventor Toshiro Kakita 1-16-14 Shibuya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo Tokyu Construction Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Reie Iwasaki 1-16-14 Shibuya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo Tokyu Construction Incorporated (72) Inventor Yuji Asakami 1-16-14 Shibuya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo Tokyu Construction Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Nobuyuki Takamatsu 1-1-16 Shibuya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo Tokyu Construction Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Kazuto Hamada 2-2-8 Koraku, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo Within Goyo Construction Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Masashi Kaneko 4 Sumitomo Construction Co., Ltd. at 13 Arakicho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo (72 ) Inventor Tetsuoka Tsuruoka 31 Ichibancho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Otaka Takagumi Co., Ltd. Tokyo head office (72) Inventor Koji Ninomiya 4-9-9 Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo Japan Land Development Co., Ltd. (72) Invention Toshiaki Oku 1-2-1 Taito, Taito-ku, Tokyo Fudo Construction Co., Ltd. (56) References JP-A-5-239994 (JP, A) JP-A-4-285291 (JP, A) (58) Survey Fields (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) E21D 9/06 301 E21D 9/08 E21D 13/02

Claims (13)

(57) [Claims] 1. A shield machine for constructing a skeleton of an underground structure, wherein a pair of end cylinder parts for excavating while constructing a work pit and the end cylinder parts are integrally connected to each other, and work is performed. A tubular steel shell configured by an intermediate box part that digs while constructing a skeleton of an underground structure integrally with a mine, and a tubular steel shell that constitutes the end tubular part and a box-shaped steel shell that constitutes the intermediate box part And are formed continuously by communicating the inner space, a plurality of rotary cutters are provided in a row on the front surface of the steel shell of the end tubular body portion and the intermediate box body portion, one end tubular body portion of the underground structure An erector device capable of extruding a segment constituting the skeleton toward the other end tubular body portion in the intermediate box body portion, wherein the upper and lower steel shells constituting the intermediate box body portion each have a plurality of outer steels.
It is composed of a laminated body of shells and inner steel shells, each inner steel shell is connected by a cylinder, and the intermediate box part is configured to expand and contract in the tunnel transverse direction so that the excavation width can be adjusted freely. Shield machine. 2. A shield machine for constructing a skeleton of an underground structure, wherein a pair of end cylinders that are excavated while constructing a working pit and the end cylinders are integrally connected to each other to perform work. A tubular steel shell configured by an intermediate box part that digs while constructing a skeleton of an underground structure integrally with a mine, and a tubular steel shell that constitutes the end tubular part and a box-shaped steel shell that constitutes the intermediate box part And are formed continuously by communicating the inner space, a plurality of rotary cutters are provided in a row on the front surface of the steel shell of the end tubular body portion and the intermediate box body portion, one end tubular body portion of the underground structure An erector device capable of extruding a segment constituting the skeleton toward the other end tubular body portion in the intermediate box body portion, wherein the upper and lower steel shells constituting the intermediate box body portion each have a plurality of outer steels.
It is composed of a laminated body of shells and inner steel shells, and each inner steel shell is connected by a cylinder so that the intermediate box part is expanded and contracted in the tunnel transverse direction so that the excavation width can be adjusted. A shield machine having a shape. 3. A shield machine for constructing a skeleton of an underground structure, wherein a pair of end cylinder parts for excavating while constructing a working pit and the end cylinder parts are integrally connected to each other, and work is performed. A tubular steel shell configured by an intermediate box part that digs while constructing a skeleton of an underground structure integrally with a mine, and a tubular steel shell that constitutes the end tubular part and a box-shaped steel shell that constitutes the intermediate box part And are formed continuously by communicating the inner space, a plurality of rotary cutters are provided in a row on the front surface of the steel shell of the end tubular body portion and the intermediate box body portion, one end tubular body portion of the underground structure An erector device capable of extruding a segment constituting the skeleton toward the other end tubular body portion in the intermediate box body portion, wherein the upper and lower steel shells constituting the intermediate box body portion each have a plurality of outer steels.
It is composed of a laminated body of shells and inner steel shells, the inner steel shells are connected by a cylinder, and the intermediate box body portion is configured to be expandable and contractible in the tunnel transverse direction, and the intermediate box body portion has an arc shape. And the shield machine. 4. A process of constructing a skeleton of an underground structure by using the shield machine according to claim 1 and extruding a segment from inside an end cylinder part of the shield machine toward an expandable / contractible intermediate box part. And a step of assembling the segment in the end cylinder part of the shield machine to construct a work mine integrated with an underground structure, and a step of digging the shield machine by obtaining a reaction force from an existing segment, A method for constructing an underground structure, characterized in that the above steps are repeated. 5. A process for constructing a skeleton of an underground structure by using the shield machine according to claim 2 and extruding a segment from inside an end cylinder part of the shield machine to an expandable / contractible intermediate box body part. And a step of assembling the segment in the end cylinder part of the shield machine to construct a work mine integrated with an underground structure, and a step of digging the shield machine by obtaining a reaction force from an existing segment, A method for constructing an underground structure, characterized in that the above steps are repeated. 6. A process for constructing a skeleton of an underground structure by using the shield machine according to claim 3 and extruding a segment from inside an end cylinder part of the shield machine to an expandable / contractible intermediate box body part. And a step of assembling the segment in the end cylinder part of the shield machine to construct a work mine integrated with an underground structure, and a step of digging the shield machine by obtaining a reaction force from an existing segment, A method for constructing an underground structure, characterized in that the above steps are repeated. 7. The shield machine according to claim 1, wherein the segment is extruded from the end cylinder part of the shield machine to the intermediate box part to construct the skeleton of the underground structure and the end cylinder. The segments are assembled in the body to construct a work mine that is integral with the underground structure, and the roof and floor slab of the underground structure are constructed to face each other, and the shield is provided between the roof and floor slab. A method for constructing an underground structure, which comprises constructing an underground structure having a closed cross section by constructing a side wall part having a facing distance that changes according to the cross-sectional shape of the underground structure using an excavator. 8. The shield machine according to claim 2, wherein the segment is extruded from the end cylinder part of the shield machine toward the intermediate box part to construct a skeleton of an underground structure, and the end cylinder. The segments are assembled in the body to construct a work mine that is integral with the underground structure, and the roof and floor slab of the underground structure are constructed to face each other, and the shield is provided between the roof and floor slab. A method for constructing an underground structure, which comprises constructing an underground structure having a closed cross section by constructing a side wall part having a facing distance that changes according to the cross-sectional shape of the underground structure using an excavator. 9. The shield machine according to claim 3, wherein the segment is extruded from the end cylinder part of the shield machine toward the intermediate box part to construct a skeleton of an underground structure and the end cylinder. The segments are assembled in the body to construct a work mine that is integral with the underground structure, and the roof and floor slab of the underground structure are constructed to face each other, and the shield is provided between the roof and floor slab. A method for constructing an underground structure, which comprises constructing an underground structure having a closed cross section by constructing a side wall part having a facing distance that changes according to the cross-sectional shape of the underground structure using an excavator. 10. The underground excavator using the shield machine according to claim 1, wherein the segment is pushed toward the intermediate box body from the inside of the end cylinder while the intermediate box body part of the shield machine is expanded and contracted. In addition to constructing the skeleton of the underground structure, the segments are assembled in the end cylinder part to construct a work mine integrated with the underground structure, and the roof part and floor slab part of the underground structure are constructed facing each other. Between the roof and floor slab, the width of which changes according to the cross-sectional shape, the shield excavator is used to construct a side wall whose opposite distance changes according to the cross-sectional shape of the underground structure to form a closed cross section. A method for constructing an underground structure, which comprises constructing an underground structure. 11. An underground structure using the shield machine according to claim 2, wherein the segment is pushed toward the intermediate box body from the end tubular body portion while expanding and contracting the intermediate box body portion of the shield machine. In addition to constructing the skeleton of the underground structure, the segments are assembled in the end cylinder part to construct a work mine integrated with the underground structure, and the roof part and floor slab part of the underground structure are constructed facing each other. Between the roof and floor slab, the width of which changes according to the cross-sectional shape, the shield excavator is used to construct a side wall whose opposite distance changes according to the cross-sectional shape of the underground structure to form a closed cross section. A method for constructing an underground structure, which comprises constructing an underground structure. 12. An underground structure, wherein the shield machine according to claim 3 is used, and a segment is extruded from the inside of the end cylinder toward the intermediate box while the intermediate box of the shield machine is expanded and contracted. In addition to constructing the skeleton of the underground structure, the segments are assembled in the end cylinder part to construct a work mine integrated with the underground structure, and the roof part and floor slab part of the underground structure are constructed facing each other. Between the roof and floor slab, the width of which changes according to the cross-sectional shape, the shield excavator is used to construct a side wall whose opposite distance changes according to the cross-sectional shape of the underground structure to form a closed cross section. A method for constructing an underground structure, which comprises constructing an underground structure. 13. The shield machine according to claim 3, wherein the segment is extruded from the end cylinder part of the shield machine toward the intermediate box part to construct the roof part of the underground structure, and Construction of an underground structure having a closed cross section by assembling a work mine integrated with an underground structure by assembling segments in a tubular body, and excavating below the roof part to construct an underground structure having a closed cross section. Method.