JP3398196B2 - Toner for developing electrostatic latent images - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [0001] BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a copying machine
Electrophotography, electrostatic recording, electrostatic
Electrostatic latent image representation used in developing processes such as printing
Regarding image toner, in particular, use a heat roller type fixing device.
The improvement of toner fixing performance in a system. [0002] 2. Description of the Related Art In electrophotography, a photoreceptor is generally used.
The electrostatic latent image formed above is developed with a toner to produce a visible image.
After transferring this to paper, the toner is determined by heat, pressure, etc.
I'm wearing Heat roller fixing method
Are currently mainstream. Heat roller fixing method
The resulting toner and the fixing roller are brought into contact under heat and pressure.
Is a method of fixing toner on paper by using a high speed machine.
Therefore, low-temperature fixing is demanded. On the other hand, a binder tree, which is a main component of toner,
Various types of fats have been proposed.
JP-A-46-12680, JP-A-48-81540
Gazette, JP-B-50-75043, JP-B-52-229
No. 96 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 54-86342,
A toner using an ester resin as a binder has been reported.
I have. Condensation resins such as polyester resins are low
High molecular weight can be easily obtained and suitable for low temperature fixability.
It is suitable as a binder resin for toner. Ma
Polyester resins are vinyl resins such as styrene.
When compared to a support such as transfer paper when melted
Vinyl resin with good "wetting" and almost equal softening point
Sufficient fixing at lower temperature compared to toner containing
Can do it. In addition, polyester resin
It itself has an appropriate triboelectric property, and the charge control agent must be
And it is very easy to manufacture toner.
Have the advantage. However, on the other hand, polyester resins
The main component of the toner is that a part of the toner is
Adhering and remaining, and transfer of the attached toner later
"Offset," which adheres to paper and stains the original non-image area
The countermeasure for this offset is fixed.
Cleaner (oil) is supplied to the deposition roller to improve release properties.
There are ways to improve this, but this adds equipment complexity and maintenance.
It causes complication of nonce. Also, polyethylene in the toner
Formulated with wax, polypropylene wax, etc.
Attempts have been made to improve the releasability of itself. [0005] However, polypropylene wax is
Due to high melting point, polyester resin toner
Low temperature fixability cannot be fully utilized. Also,
Polyethylene wax has a melting point of 100-120 ° C
However, the effect of improving fixation is insufficient, and polyester
Poor compatibility with base resin causes drum filming
Easy to grow. Furthermore, a general wax having a melting point of 105 ° C. or less
In the case of paper, although there is an effect of improving the fixability,
Fset and drum filming occur. [0006] SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION As described above,
Low softening temperature and wettability to transfer paper of steal resin
High temperature offset and feeling while taking advantage of
Prevents drum filming of optical bodies, and fixes at low temperatures
Conventionally, it has been difficult to achieve cleaner-less operation.
It is very difficult to design these requirements in a well-balanced manner.
won. For example, solving with only binder design
It is not easy and imposes a rather complicated resin design. Ma
Also, special modification treatment is required for wax. [0007] SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a softening point.Is 12
Over 0 ° C and within 140 ° CMainly polyester resin
As a binder component, the melting point of the polyester resin is soft.
90-110 ° C lower than the melting point
1-5% by weight of wax, and polyethylene wax
Molecular weight polyols such as polypropylene wax and polypropylene wax
FinwakTheThe above problems can be solved by blending
It is decided. In addition, Fisher Tropsch
Use of low-molecular weight polymerization in toner
Made by mixing a polymer component and a high molecular weight polymer component
-Toner with acrylic copolymer as binder
Distribute Sharp-Tropsch wax with polypropylene
Is reported in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H4-153659.
ing. However, this is because the binder system is completely different from the present invention.
The operation and effect are also different from those of the present invention.
It is a different invention ideologically. [0008] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The toner of the present invention is a polyester-based toner.
Resin is the main binder component. Polyester resin
Polycondensation or co-condensation of alcohol component and carboxylic acid component
As specific examples of each component used obtained by polymerization and used
The following are mentioned. As a dihydric or trihydric or higher alcohol component,
The following are examples. 1) diols; ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol
Recall, triethylene glycol, 1,2-propyle
Glycol, 1,3-propylene glycol, 1,4
-Butanediol, neopentyl glycol, 1,4-
Butenediol, 1,5-pentanediol, 1,6-
Hexanediol, 1,4-cyclohexane dimethano
, Dipropylene glycol, polyethylene glycol
, Polypropylene glycol, polytetramethylene glycol
Recall etc. 2) Bisphenols; Bisphenol
A, hydrogenated bisphenol A, polyoxyethylene
Bisphenol A, polyoxypropylene bisphenol
And etherified bisphenols such as phenol A. 3) Trihydric or higher alcohols; sorbitol
1,2,3,6-hexane tetrol, 1,4-
Sorbitan, pentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol
Thor, tripentaerythritol, 1,2,4-pig
Triol, 1,2,5-pentanetriol, guri
Serol, diglycerol, 2-methylpropane trio
, 2-methyl-1,2,4-butanetriol, tol
Limethylolethane, trimethylolpropane, 1,
3,5-trihydroxymethylbenzene and the like. Divalent or
Is a divalent or trivalent carboxylic acid as a trivalent or higher carboxylic acid.
Rubonic acid, its anhydride or its lower alkyl ester
The following are exemplified as carboxylic acids:
You. 4) divalent carboxylic acid; maleic acid, fuma
Acid, citraconic acid, itaconic acid, glutaconic acid,
Talic acid, isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid, cyclohexane
Dicarboxylic acid, succinic acid, adipic acid, sebacic acid,
Jellyic acid, malonic acid, or n-butyl succinic acid,
n-butenyl succinic acid, isobutyl succinic acid, isobute
Nilsuccinic acid, n-octylsuccinic acid, n-octenyl
Succinic acid, n-dodecyl succinic acid, n-dodecenyl succinic acid
Succinic acid, isododecyl succinic acid, isododecenyl succinic acid
And alkyl or alkenyl succinic acids. 5) Trivalent or higher carboxylic acid; 1,2,4
-Benzenetricarboxylic acid (trimellitic acid), 1,
2,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid, 2,5,7-naphtha
Lentricarboxylic acid, 1,2,4-naphthalene trical
Boric acid, 1,2,4-butanetricarboxylic acid, 1,2,2
5-hexanetricarboxylic acid, 1,3-dicarboxyl
-2-methyl-2-methylenecarboxypropane, 1,
2,4-cyclohexanetricarboxylic acid, tetra (methyl
Lencarboxyl) methane, 1,2,7,8-octane
Tetracarboxylic acid, pyromellitic acid, empole trimer
Acids and the like. Acid anhydrides or lower alkyls of these carboxylic acids
Luster can also be used. The softening point of the polyester resin is 11
The temperature is preferably from 0 to 150 ° C, more preferably from 120 to 14 ° C.
0 ° C. In addition, other polyester resin
A binder resin can be used in combination. These other buses
Polystyrene, styrene-acryl
Ril copolymer, epoxy resin, polyamide, polymethyl
Methacrylate, polyvinyl butyral, etc. are used
You. [0015] Polyester resins are generally
High power and storage stability compared to styrene-acrylic resin
It is easy to balance qualitative and fixing characteristics. But
In order to reduce power consumption and increase speed,
It is still not easy to achieve and maintain excellent fixing performance.
When considering the overall balance, polyester-based
There was a limit in designing a toner using only a fat. So fixation
Auxiliary agent considering characteristics and offset balance was studied
As a result, the Fischer-Trop
The fact that the wax produced by the sh
I found it. [0016] Fischer-Tropsch wax is coal
Obtained by catalytic hydrogenation of carbon monoxide
Low melting point wax having a melting point of 90 to 110 ° C.
Is preferred. Fisher Tropsch wax
Is compounded in a toner mainly composed of polyester resin.
Is effective as a viscosity reducing agent and is easy to fix.
Melts as a melting initiator and acts as a release agent
Function, improving fixability and preventing offset
Fruit is obtained. In addition, dispersibility in polyester resin
And no drum filming occurs. [0017] Fischer-Tropsch wax is
1 to 5% by weight in the light toner, preferably 1 to 5% by weight.
4% by weight. If the amount is less than 1% by weight,
5% weight while not improving the adhesion and offset resistance
%, Drum filming occurs. Fishi
The Tropsch Wax is a South African Sazo
Can be obtained from Le Co., Ltd. The toner of the present invention contains a Fischer
Mainly release agents other than push wax
AsCombinationCan be, for example, polyethylene wacks
Low molecular weight polyolefin such as
Wax, Teflon-based wax and the like can be used. The toner of the present invention further comprises
Common components such as dyes and pigments, magnetic agents, charge control agents, etc.
Can be combined. On the photoreceptor by the toner of the present invention
The toner image formed in is suitable for the hot roll fixing device.
Is transferred and fixed on a transfer material such as paper. In this case, fixation
The temperature is preferably from 120 to 190 ° C, preferably 13 ° C.
0-180 ° C. [0020] According to the present invention, a polyester resin is
Fischer Tropsi for toner as main binder component
Even low fusing temperature is good by blending
Good fixing performance can be obtained, reducing power consumption and
The speed of the installation can be increased. Also offset, especially high temperature
Offset can be prevented and cleaner-less fixation can be achieved.
It can be realized. Also prevents drum filming
Yes, and the balance of overall performance is good. [0021] 【Example】 91 parts by weight of polyester resin 4 parts by weight of wax (details are listed in the table) Magnetic powder 5 parts by weight Charge control agent 1 part by weight 5 parts by weight of carbon black After the above components are melt-kneaded, pulverized and classified
As a result, a powder having an average particle size of 8 μm was obtained. This powder contains silica
(SiO_Two) 0.8% externally added, mixed and adhered to the surface
A toner of the present invention was produced. Where the polyester resin
Is bisphenol A, terephthalic acid, alkenyl
Bisphene co-condensed with succinic acid and trimellitic anhydride
A knol-based polyester resin was used. This toner and key
And Kyocera laser premix.
With a diameter of 25 mm and a linear velocity of 25 mm / sec.
Solid image and half image are defined by the wearing heat roller.
To evaluate the fixing property,
The lamb filming was evaluated and the results are shown in Table 1. The evaluation methods are as follows. (1) Fixing properties Set the fixing temperature to 120 ° C or 140 ° C and set the switch
After cooling for 10 minutes in the OFF state, turn on the power and fix
A pattern is continuously printed on five sheets to obtain an image for measurement. This picture
Apply a 1 kg load of brass wrapped in cotton cloth
Rub 0 round trips. Image density before and after this operation is Macbeth reflection
It is measured with a meter and the ratio of the density is determined to determine the fixability. paper
Used Gilbert bond paper. (2) Offset resistance Attach the fuser roller without the cleaner pad
The transfer paper with the toner image is pressed into the
Wear and fix. At this time, place a blank
Observe whether or not fuzzing occurs. Y: No offset occurred Δ: Occurs in the first cycle of the fixing roller ×: Also occurs after two cycles of the fixing roller. (3) Evaluation of drum filming Print a 2-dot image pattern linearly in 1 cm.
Evaluation was made from the image pattern after printing 0000 sheets. Do
When lamb filming occurs, white spots appear on the solid part
appear. ：: white spots occur ×: No white drop occurs [0026] [Table 1] Evaluation results                          Fixing property (Solid /          wax half)Offset resistance     Drum Sample No. type Amount added 120 ℃ 140 ℃ 160 ℃ 180 ℃ Filming Example 1 A1 4% 96/89 99/98 ○ ○ ○ Example 2 A3 4% 93/86 98/97 ○ ○ ○ Example 3 H1 4% 87/80 97/94 ○ ○ ○ Example 4 A3 3% 91/82 96/95 ○ ○ ○ TS-200 2% Example 5 A3 3% 92/84 96/95 ○ ○ ○ 4202E 2% Comparative Example 1 TS-200 4% 61/54 91/86 ○ ○ ○ Comparative Example 2 151P 4% 84/75 97/94 ○ △ × Comparative Example 3 320MP 4% 87/78 97/94 ○ △ × Comparative Example 4 4202E 4% 90/83 97/94 ○ △ × Comparative Example 5 Amide 4% 95/96 99/99 △ × × S Comparative Example 6 Nicama 4% 62/73 97/97 △ × × Id S Comparative Example 7 AP-95 4% 85/90 99/100 △ × × Comparative Example 8 A3 6% 94/88 98/97 ○ ○ × Comparative Example 9 H1 6% 88/81 98/95 ○ ○ × (1) Fixing property is solid image before slash and after
Indicates a half image. (2) The abbreviations of wax are as follows. A1: Fischer-Tropsch wax manufactured by Sasol A3: Fischer-Tropsch wax manufactured by Sasol H1: Fischer-Tropsch wax manufactured by Sasol TS-200: Polypropylene wax manufactured by Sanyo Chemical Co., Ltd.
Cousin 4202E: Polyethylene Wax manufactured by Mitsui Petrochemical Co., Ltd.
Cousin 151P: Polyethylene wax manufactured by Sanyo Chemical Co., Ltd. 320MP: Mitsui Petrochemical Co., Ltd. polyethylene wax
Cousin Amide S: Amide wax manufactured by Kao Corporation Nika Amide S: Amide-based wax made by Nippon Kasei Co., Ltd.
S AP-95: Amide wax manufactured by Nippon Kasei Co., Ltd.

   ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page    (72) Inventor Yuji Kamiyama               No. 704, Matabei, Noshino, Tamaki-cho, Megumi-gun, Mie Prefecture               Ground 19 Inside the Mie Plant of Kyocera Corporation (72) Inventor Yukio Ikeda               No. 704, Matabei, Noshino, Tamaki-cho, Megumi-gun, Mie Prefecture               Ground 19 Inside the Mie Plant of Kyocera Corporation                (56) References JP-A-61-273555 (JP, A)                 JP-A-3-13963 (JP, A)                 JP-A-5-216273 (JP, A)                 JP-A-62-111666 (JP, A)                 JP-A-62-111664 (JP, A)

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] [Claim 1] The softening point exceeds 120 ° C and falls within 140 ° C.
That the polyester resin as a main binder component, is lower than the softening point of the polyester resin melting point 90-110
℃ of Fischer-Tropsch wax was blended 1 to 5 wt%, and polyethylene wax, an electrostatic latent image developing toner, which comprises blending a low molecular weight polyolefin wax scan polypropylene wax.