JP3389056B2 - Wastewater treatment equipment - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a wastewater treatment device for purifying dirty water.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Contamination of rivers and the sea is progressing due to factory wastewater and domestic wastewater, which threatens the survival of organisms inhabiting the river and the sea. If this condition is left unattended, food such as fish cannot be obtained from rivers and the sea, and eventually human survival will be jeopardized. As a result, the water contaminated by humans has become more motivated to purify it before it is released, and it has become necessary to purify it into sewage, rivers, or the sea before it is released. COD, BOD, and suspended solids (SS) are regulated by laws and regulations, and the water discharged must clear these.

Wastewater treatment technology for purifying water includes physical,
There are various biochemical and chemical methods, but each method has advantages and disadvantages, and which method to use depends on the type of pollutant contained in the wastewater. is doing. Among them, the purification method using a flocculant included in the chemical purification method is attracting attention because it can purify a large amount of wastewater in a short time.
The SS contained in the wastewater is positively or negatively charged, and if a substance (coagulant) that has an opposite charge to SS when dissolved in the wastewater is sent here, the charge will be canceled and the van der Due to the Warls force, the SSs gather to form a mass of flocs. If the specific gravity of this floc is heavier than water, it precipitates, and if it is lighter than water, it floats and can be separated from water.

[0004]

The purification method using a flocculant is a very effective method when pollutants are present as SS in the waste water. However, if the pollutant is dissolved in the waste water, flocs cannot be formed even if the flocculant is used. In such a case, the pH of the waste water is adjusted to be acidic or alkaline, dissolved contaminants are deposited, and then flocs are formed using a flocculant. A pH adjusting tank is required for precipitation, and the pH must be adjusted also when discharged. In some cases, the contaminants may not be deposited even if the pH is adjusted. In such a case, purification using a flocculant cannot be performed. In order to take advantage of the advantage that the purification method using a flocculant can be performed in a shorter time than other methods, it is possible to precipitate and flocculate pollutants eluted in wastewater without adjusting the pH. The present invention was made with the desire to be able to do so.

[0005]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides at least an active oxygen supply device and a swirl pump.
A stirring tank and a separation tank equipped with a stirrer with a vibration plate
In the wastewater treatment device that has the active oxygen supply device
Oite, oxygen atoms O to ultraviolet rays including a wavelength was split oxygen molecules _{O 2} by irradiation of 184nm is ozone _{O 3} is generated by combining the oxygen molecule _{O 2,} the ozone _{O 3} 254
by irradiating with ultraviolet rays containing a wavelength of nm to generate singlet free oxygen ¹ O ₂ and these oxygen molecules O
₂ , the oxygen atom O, the singlet free oxygen ¹ O ₂ , and the singlet free oxygen ¹ O ₂ are combined to generate a gas containing superoxide O ₂ ⁻ , and the vortex pump
The wastewater or water is mixed with and pressurized by the coagulant and wastewater.
In the agitation tank that mixes with the above, the pressure applied to these mixtures is released to release them as fine bubbles and
Stir by a stirrer with a vibration plate to precipitate the dissolved pollutants in the wastewater, and further in the separation tank.
And the minute air bubbles attached to it make it lighter than water.
A contaminant that floats and separates substances and is heavier than water
Quality is separated by precipitation as sludge, as it forms this <br/> and city Also, in the active oxygen supply device, to discharge the gas containing oxygen in addition to high voltage, splitting oxygen molecules O ₂ The generated oxygen atom O is combined with the oxygen molecule O ₂ to generate ozone O ₃ , and this ozone O ₃ is decomposed to generate singlet free oxygen ¹ O ₂ and these oxygen molecule O ₂ and oxygen atom O ₂ are generated. , Singlet free oxygen ¹ O ₂ , singlet free oxygen ¹ O
A gas containing superoxide O ₂ ⁻ generated by combining the _two is generated, and the gas is generated by the vortex pump.
Mixing gas and waste water or water and pressurizing, coagulant and waste water
In the agitating tank for mixing and, add to these mixtures
Released pressure to release as minute bubbles and
Stir by a stirrer with a vibration plate to precipitate the dissolved pollutants in the wastewater, and further in the separation tank.
And the minute air bubbles attached to it make it lighter than water.
A contaminant that floats and separates substances and is heavier than water
Are quality is separated by precipitation as sludge, so make this <br/> and.

[0006]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Before describing the embodiments of the present invention, a brief description of oxygen will be given. Oxygen molecule O ₂ has a higher activity than nitrogen molecule N ₂ and hydrogen molecule H _2, and easily oxidizes the surrounding substances, but it still exists in the atmosphere in a stable ratio. Even if it is the same oxygen, if it becomes an oxygen atom O or ozone O ₃ , the activity becomes higher than that of the oxygen molecule O _2, and the surrounding substances are immediately oxidized. This is the singlet free oxygen ¹ O ₂ that decomposed ozone O ₃ and the hydroxy radical O generated by the reaction of this with water.
When it becomes H, it is much more active than ozone O ₃ , and immediately oxidizes the surrounding substances.

[0007] Oxygen molecules O ₂ in the atmosphere is an oxygen atom O next by UV in sunlight is irradiated, this ozone O ₃ is generated by combining the oxygen molecule O _2, ozone O ₃ is ultraviolet It became clear that it will shut off. It is feared that this ozone O ₃ will be destroyed by CFCs and that ultraviolet rays will fall on the ground, increasing the incidence of cancer. From this study, oxygen molecules O ₂ were irradiated with ultraviolet rays, or a high voltage was applied to cause discharge, and activated oxygen atoms O and ozone O
_3, revealed that the free oxygen ¹ O _2, etc. singlet is generated, the waste water treatment apparatus are those born from these studies.

The present invention will be described below in detail based on the embodiments shown in the drawings. This wastewater treatment equipment is roughly divided into
Submersible pump 2 for feeding waste water, which is dirty water, to this device, stirring tank 1 for mixing waste water and a flocculant, said stirring tank 1
It comprises an active oxygen supply device 60 for sending activated oxygen, a separation tank 20 for separating sludge formed by a coagulant and water, and a discharge tank 40 for discharging treated water.

The stirring tank 1 is provided with a drainage inlet 4 into which wastewater is fed from the submersible pump 2, a flocculant supply device 7 for feeding the flocculant into the stirring tank, and a stirring device 9 for mixing the flocculant with the wastewater. There is. The stirring tank 1 has an air pump A for sending air in the atmosphere to the bottom of the stirring tank 1.
P, irradiation chamber 15 for irradiating the taken air with ultraviolet rays
An active oxygen supply device 60 composed of the above is attached.

The separation tank 20 is provided with a suction pump 21 at the upper part for taking in the mixture of the coagulant and the waste water from the stirring tank 1, and a valve 28 for taking out the sludge 24 to the outside is provided at the bottom part thereof. It is installed. The mesh tray 30 is provided to receive the sludge 29 taken out, and the water receiving tray 31 is provided to receive the water contained in the sludge 29. The pump 32 is attached to send the water accumulated in the water tray 31 to the separation tank 20 again.

The discharge tank 40 is provided with a separation suction pump 41 for taking in the supernatant water of the separation tank 20, and the tank 40 includes a first discharge tank 44, a second discharge tank 45, and a third discharge tank 4.
It is divided into 6 and 3. The water purified from the third discharge tank 46 is taken out to the outside.

The operation of the waste water treatment apparatus configured as described above will be described. The coagulant 6 is sent from the bag 5 to the coagulant supply device 7, the submersible pump 2 is driven, and the waste water, which is dirty water, is sent to the stirring tank 1 from the waste water inlet 4 through the hose 3. When the lower limit float switch 12 is on and the upper limit float switch 11 is off, the coagulant 6 is fed from the coagulant supply device 7 into the stirring tank 1. This wastewater treatment equipment uses the registered trademark "Econite" that is already on the market as a coagulant. "Econite" is mainly composed of fossil shells, and is characterized by being neutral, quickly aggregating, and well drained. The operation of the stirrer 9 is started after the coagulant 6 is charged. The agitator 9 vibrates the vibrating plate 10 to agitate the coagulant 6 and the waste water. Usually, a screw or a propeller is used to stir the coagulant 6 and the waste water, but these methods create a vortex in the stirring tank 1, but surprisingly, the coagulant 6 and the waste water are sufficiently stirred. There were things that were not done. Stirring by vibrating does not create a vortex, so even if it seems that stirring is not performed much, it is sufficient. In addition, when flocs, which are lumps of contaminants, are formed by the effect of the coagulant 6, there is an advantage that the vortex does not occur and thus it immediately precipitates and is not destroyed by the vortex. When the stirring time elapses to some extent, the valve 13 provided at the bottom of the stirring tank 1 is opened and the suction pump 21 provided at the upper part of the separation tank 20 is driven, whereby the coagulant 6 and the drainage are sufficiently discharged. The agitated mixture is introduced through the pipe 17 into the inlet 22.
It is sent to the separation tank 20 from.

When the coagulant 6 is sufficiently stirred with the wastewater in the stirring tank 1, the charge of the pollutants in the wastewater is canceled by the action of the coagulant 6, and the van der Waals forces attract each other to attract each other. Flocs, which are lumps, are formed and settle. When flocs, which are lumps of pollutants, are precipitated from the wastewater, the supernatant water in the separation tank 20 is purified. The flocs that have settled are separated as sludge 24 in the separation tank 20.
Collects at the bottom of the. When the sludge 24 has accumulated to a certain extent, the sensor 27 detects this, and when the valve 28 is opened, the sludge 24 falls on the mesh tray 30. Sludge 29 at this time
Contains a large amount of water, and this water passes through the mesh tray 30 and accumulates in the water tray 31. When the water is accumulated to some extent, the pump 32 is driven and the accumulated water is sent again to the separation tank 20 via the hose 34. The water that drops from the sludge 29 has not been purified and cannot be discharged as it is. The upper limit float switch 26 is provided to stop the suction pump 21 in order to avoid overflow in the separation tank 20.

When the valve 33 provided on the upper portion of the separation tank 20 is opened and the separation suction pump 41 attached on the upper portion of the discharge tank 40 is driven, the purified supernatant water in the separation tank 20 is sucked into the inlet. From 23, it is sent to the discharge tank 40 via the hose 35. The suction port 23 in the separation tank 20
Is configured to move up and down as indicated by an arrow 36 because the height of the sludge 24 changes with the passage of time, and only purified supernatant water is sent to the discharge tank 40.

The discharge tank 40 is divided into three parts in this waste water treatment apparatus as shown in the drawing. The purified water sent from the separation tank 20 is first introduced into the first discharge tank 44, and the water that has overflowed here is the second discharge tank 45.
The water that has been sent to the third discharge tank 46 is to be sent to the third discharge tank 46. This is because the water that is normally sent to the discharge tank 40 does not contain pollutants because the pollutants in the wastewater in the separation tank 20 become flocs and settle, and because this is clear water. Occasionally, a pollutant, flock, may come in. Therefore, the discharge tank 40 is divided into three, and when the flocs flow into the discharge tank 40, the overflow water of the first discharge tank 44 is sent to the second discharge tank 45. It settles to the bottom and can be stopped here. Like the first discharge tank 44, the second discharge tank 45 also has a function of blocking the flocs that have reached this point. First discharge tank 44, second
Valves 49 and 50 are provided at the bottom of the discharge tank 45 to take out sludge to the outside when accumulated therein.

Regarding the waste water treatment apparatus having the above-mentioned function, it should be noted that the stirring tank 1 is irradiated with ultraviolet rays from the air in the atmosphere and is fed into the stirring tank 1 as an active oxygen supply apparatus. That is, 60 is provided. Hereinafter, this operation will be described. When the air pump AP is operated, the air in the atmosphere is sent to the irradiation chamber 15. The irradiation chamber 15 has a built-in ultraviolet lamp 16 for irradiating ultraviolet rays having a wavelength of 180 to 310 nm. Normally, oxygen exists as oxygen molecule O ₂ in the atmosphere, but when this is irradiated with ultraviolet rays having a wavelength near 184 nm, a part of it is split into oxygen atom O. This oxygen atom O becomes more active and combines with oxygen molecules O ₂ near it to form ozone O
It becomes ₃ . When this ozone O ₃ is irradiated with ultraviolet rays in the vicinity of 254 nm, the ozone O ₃ is decomposed and singlet free oxygen is released.
It becomes ¹ O ₂ . This singlet free oxygen ¹ O ₂ becomes superoxide O ₂ ^{− in a} gas, and when it reacts with water, it becomes a highly active hydroxy radical OH. The air sent from the air pump AP contains oxygen molecules O ₂ , oxygen atoms O, singlet free oxygen ¹ O ₂ , and superoxide O ₂ ^— by being irradiated with ultraviolet rays, and these are fine. Air diffuser 1 with innumerable holes
It is sent as bubbles from 4 into the stirring tank 1. Stirring tank 1
Singlet free oxygen ¹ O contained in the bubbles sent into
₂ reacts with water to generate a hydroxy radical OH. In this irradiation chamber 15, an ultraviolet lamp 16 for irradiating a wavelength of 180 to 310 nm is used.
An ultraviolet lamp that emits ultraviolet light of a wavelength near 254
The UV lamp for irradiating the UV lamp of the wavelength of nm may be separated.

Contaminants in wastewater are very rarely single substances, and usually contain many substances. Further, the form of the pollutants is various, such as particles, colloids, or eluates. Even if the flocculant 6 alone is used for such wastewater to form flocs of pollutants in the wastewater, the flocs are not formed when the pollutants are dissolved in the wastewater. For example, iron is dissolved in water as an ion, but it cannot form iron floc no matter how much coagulant 6 is used. Not only iron but also iron dissolved in the wastewater cannot be removed no matter how much the coagulant 6 is used. Even if it is a protein, when it is eluting, the flocculant 6
There is no point in using. Conventionally, in such a case, the coagulant 6 is used by adjusting the pH of the waste water to be acidic or alkaline and precipitating the eluted substance.

In this wastewater treatment device, oxygen that has been activated from the bottom of the stirring tank 1 is sent from the bottom of the stirring tank 1 by means of the active oxygen supply device 60, and the ions and proteins that are eluted by the oxidizing action of these active oxygen are removed. It was decided to precipitate. The bubbles fed from the aeration tube 14, oxygen molecules O _2, oxygen atom O, free oxygen ¹ O ₂ singlet, superoxide O ₂ ^- are included, free oxygen of the singlet
^{The 1} O ₂ reacts with the waste water to generate hydroxy radical OH. The oxygen atom O is more active than the oxygen molecule O ₂ ,
Free oxygen ¹ O ₂ in high more active than this singlet, superoxide O ₂ ^-, which also includes the hydroxyl radical OH. Atomic oxygen O oxidizes nearby organic matter,
Combines with water to form hydrogen peroxide H ₂ O ₂ . Hydrogen peroxide H ₂ O ₂ releases oxygen atoms O to return to water, and the oxygen atoms O released at this time oxidize organic substances. Those that are eluted as ions are oxidized and deposited by this atomic oxygen O. The iron ions eluted in the wastewater are also oxidized and deposited as iron oxide. Since singlet free oxygen ¹ O ₂ is also highly active, it causes nearby organic substances such as proteins to be oxidized and deposited.

This wastewater treatment device is not trying to deposit all the eluted pollutants. When the organic matter is oxidized, it finally becomes carbon dioxide gas CO ₂ , water H ₂ O, and the remaining slight substances. When the pollutant organic matter becomes carbon dioxide gas CO ₂ due to the oxidizing action of atomic oxygen O and singlet free oxygen ¹ O ₂ , it becomes gas and is naturally removed from this wastewater. If it becomes water, it will be mixed with drainage. If the remaining small amount of substance is hydrogen or nitrogen, it also becomes a gas and is naturally removed from the wastewater.

The hydroxy radical OH is a substance having a very high activity as described above, and hydrogen H is obtained from nearby organic substances.
Try to take away the water. At this time, the dehydrogenation reaction, that is, the organic substance eluted by the oxidizing action is decomposed.

The superoxide O ₂ ⁻ is in a state where one electron of the oxygen molecule O ₂ is insufficient, and tries to return to the oxygen molecule O ₂ by robbing the electron from the surrounding substance. The electrons are taken away, that is, superoxide O ₂ ⁻ also has an oxidizing action, and has a function of oxidizing a dissolved substance to precipitate it.

In the stirring tank 1, activated oxygens such as ozone O ₃ and hydroxy radicals OH are sent into the air bubbles to oxidize and precipitate pollutants dissolved in the waste water, or CO 2 CO 2. ₂ and water H ₂ O. The deposited pollutants become flocs due to the action of the coagulant 6, and are settled in the separation tank 20 and sludge 24
Becomes

In the above-mentioned embodiment, atomic oxygen O, ozone O ₃ and singlet free oxygen ¹ O ₂ were generated by irradiating the oxygen molecule O ₂ with ultraviolet rays, but a high voltage was applied to the oxygen molecule O _2. Atomic oxygen O and ozone O ₃ can also be generated by discharging by means of discharge. As shown in FIG. 2, an electrode plate 66 is attached to the inner wall of the cylinder, and an electrode wire 65 is provided at the center. A high voltage is applied from a power source 70 by connecting wirings 67 and 68 between the electrode plate 66 and the electrode wire 65. If this discharge unit 70 is provided between the air pump AP and the stirring tank 1 as shown in FIG. 3, atomic oxygen O and ozone O ₃ generated by the discharge are generated.
And the like are sent from below the stirring tank 1 and the same effect as when irradiated with ultraviolet rays can be obtained.

FIG. 4 shows that oxygen molecule O ₂ is irradiated with ultraviolet rays,
A vortex pump 80 is prepared by mixing a gas that has generated oxygen atoms O, ozone O ₃ , singlet free oxygen ¹ O _{2 and the} like, with the water of the drainage.
After the pressure has been applied at 1, the pressure is released and the mixture is sent to the bottom of the stirring tank 1. 3-4 Kg / cm
^When this pressure is released after the ^second pressure is applied, a gas such as oxygen atom O is generated as minute bubbles, which are sent to the bottom of the stirring tank 1. As described above, this oxidizes and precipitates the pollutant eluted in the waste water, or decomposes it into a gas such as carbon dioxide. However, a new effect is produced by sending minute bubbles to the bottom of the stirring tank 1. Some of the deposited or originally existing contaminants do not aggregate even if the aggregating agent 6 is used, and do not settle out in the middle. When minute air bubbles are discharged into the wastewater containing such pollutants, the air bubbles adhere to the pollutants and give buoyancy to them to float up to the water surface. The pollutant with bubbles adheres to the surface of the water without being precipitated even when sent to the separation tank 20. When the pollutant with bubbles adhered to the surface of water accumulates, the valve 39 is opened to remove it.

Instead of irradiating with the ultraviolet rays shown in FIG.
The same effect as that of the above-described embodiment can be obtained by providing the discharging unit 70 shown in FIG.

In the separation tank 20, pollutants heavier than water are precipitated as sludge, and air bubbles adhere to the pollutants lighter than water to float. As a result, the water sent to the discharge tank 40 is almost completely free of contaminants.
As a result, the water treated by this wastewater treatment device can easily pass the COD, BOD, or SS regulation values established by law or regulation. Further, by irradiating the water discharged from the discharge tank 40 with an ultraviolet lamp 55 containing a wavelength of 254 nm in the irradiation chamber 56, D
By destroying NA, it can be sterilized and used as safe drinking water.

Usually, when wastewater is treated using a coagulant, dissolved oxygen in the wastewater is often consumed due to oxidation. However, since the superoxide O ₂ ⁻ is generated in this wastewater treatment device, it is dissolved in water and treated water has abundant dissolved oxygen.

[0028]

[Effect] By configuring the wastewater treatment equipment according to the present invention as shown in the above embodiment, it is possible to almost completely remove not only particulate pollutants but also eluted pollutants. It is possible to provide a wastewater treatment device capable of

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an overall outline of a wastewater treatment device.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a discharge unit that generates active oxygen by applying a high voltage.

FIG. 3 is a diagram in which a discharge unit is connected to a stirring tank.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a case where active oxygen generated by irradiation with ultraviolet rays is pressurized by a vortex pump and sent to a stirring tank.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... Agitation tank 2 ... Submersible pump 3 ... Coagulant
7 ... Flocculant supply device 9 ... Agitator 12 ...
Suction pump 15 ・ ・ Irradiation chamber 16 ・ ・ UV lamp 20 ・ ・ Separation tank 24 ・ ・ Sludge 30 ・
・ Net tray 40 ・ ・ Discharge tank 44 ・ ・ First discharge tank
45 ... Second release tank 46 ... Third release tank AP.
・ Air pump 60 ・ ・ Active oxygen supply device

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1.At least active oxygen supply device, swirl pump
A stirring tank and a separation tank equipped with a stirrer with a vibration plate
In the wastewater treatment equipment that we have, In the active oxygen supply device, Includes a wavelength of 184 nm
Oxygen molecule O_TwoOxygen atom that split the
O is an oxygen molecule O_TwoCombined with ozone O_ThreeIs generated,
This ozone O_ThreeIrradiates with ultraviolet rays containing a wavelength of 254 nm
Singlet free oxygen¹O_TwoLive
And these oxygen molecules O_Two, Oxygen atom O, singlet release
oxygen¹O_Two, Singlet free oxygen¹O_TwoRaw by connecting each other
Superoxide O made_Two ⁻Gas containingTo
Generate, The gas by the vortex pump And drainage or water mixed
And pressurize,In the stirring tank for mixing the coagulant and the waste water, these
Release the pressure applied to the mixture and release it as minute bubbles
And stir with a stirrer with the vibrating plate ,
Precipitates dissolved pollutants in wastewater,further, In the separation tank, the fine bubbles adhere to
The lighter pollutants are levitated and separated, and
Precipitate and separate heavier pollutants as sludge
The Became A wastewater treatment device characterized in that 2.At least active oxygen supply device, swirl pump
A stirring tank and a separation tank equipped with a stirrer with a vibration plate
In the wastewater treatment equipment that we have, In the active oxygen supply device, High electric current for gas containing oxygen
Oxygen molecules O are discharged by applying pressure._TwoOxygen that split
Atom O is oxygen molecule O_TwoCombined with ozone O_ThreeIs generated
This ozone O_ThreeIs decomposed into singlet free oxygen¹O
_TwoAre generated, and these oxygen molecules O_Two, Oxygen atom O, single
Free oxygen¹O_Two, Singlet free oxygen¹O_TwoTie each other
Superoxide O produced by_Two ⁻Is included
GasProduces The gas by the vortex pump And drainage or water mixed
And pressurize,In the stirring tank for mixing the coagulant and the waste water, these
The pressure applied to the mixture Release and release as minute bubbles
And stir with a stirrer with the vibrating plate ,
Precipitating dissolved pollutants in the wastewater,further, In the separation tank, the fine bubbles adhere to
The lighter pollutants are levitated and separated, and
Precipitate and separate heavier pollutants as sludge
The Became A wastewater treatment device characterized in that