JP3384586B2 - Refrigeration equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [0001] The present invention has at least a compressor
Heat source side unit and user side having at least a pressure reducing valve
Unit, and both units are connected
Refrigeration equipment connected. [0002] 2. Description of the Related Art In general, a heat source side unit and a use side unit
Refrigeration system (air conditioner) that is connected to the unit by piping between units
Is a split air conditioner for home use (room air conditioner)
And a video file proposed in Japanese Patent Application No. 4-78874.
Air conditioners (package air conditioners)
You. [0003] [Problems to be Solved by the Invention] Room air conditioner smell
In the case where there is only one user side unit,
If the capacity of the heat exchanger (use side heat exchanger) is small or
The length of piping between knits is often short. Because of this,
Refrigerant in the heat exchanger on the user side and piping between units at the start of chamber operation
Even if it accumulates (lie down), gradually
Since these refrigerants flow out, it is unlikely that refrigerant shortages will occur.
Did not. However, the smell of package air conditioners
Use (indoor) unit or heat source (outdoor) unit
There are multiple units, and these units are
The operation control of the units is performed individually. Also high-rise buildings
If the heat source side unit is installed on the rooftop, etc.
Unit that connects the heat-side unit with the heat-side unit
The intervening piping is necessarily longer. Heating operation from these things
Utilization side unit that is stopped or use during this heating operation stop
Refrigerant accumulates in the piping between units connected to the side unit.
And the accumulated refrigerant flows out during operation.
Absent. For this reason, the refrigerant circulation amount as the device is reduced,
The temperature of the refrigerant abnormally rises and normal operation cannot be performed.
There was a risk. [0005] The present invention relates to a refrigerant pool at the start of operation.
It is intended to make it difficult to generate. [0006] [MEANS FOR SOLVING THE PROBLEMS] To achieve this object
In addition, the present invention provides at least a compressor and a chamber.OutsideWith heat exchanger
Multiple units on the heat source side and at least a pressure reducing valve
And a plurality of user-side units.
Heating operation in refrigeration equipment connected by piping between units
At the start, all pressure reducing valves of the plurality of heat source side units
First control means for increasing the opening degree of the
In cooperation with the first control means, after a predetermined time has elapsed,
Check the temperature of all indoor heat exchangers of
And repeat until the temperature of each indoor heat exchanger exceeds a predetermined value.
All compressors in the number of heat source units are
And second control means operating in a relationship.
Is what you do. [0007] [Effect] At the start of heating operation, pressure reduction with a large opening set
Depending on the operation of the valve and compressor, the user side unit and unit
The refrigerant that has accumulated in the pipe between
It is returned to the knit, and the shortage of the refrigerant hardly occurs. [0008] Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
I do. In FIG. 1, 1₁, 1_TwoIs the first and second heat sources
Side unit (hereinafter referred to as “outdoor unit”)₁,
3_TwoIs the user side unit (hereinafter referred to as “indoor unit”)
It is. First outdoor unit 1₁Is an accumure
Data 10₁And the constant capacity compressor A and indoor air conditioning load
A variable capacity compressor B capable of variably controlling the capacity in accordance with
Oil separator 12₁And the four-way valve 13₁And the outdoor heat exchanger 14₁
And the outdoor electric expansion valve (outdoor pressure reducing valve) 15₁Composed with
Is done. Also, the second outdoor unit 1_TwoIs an accu
Murator 10_Two, Constant capacity compressor C, oil separator 12_Two
And the four-way valve 13_TwoAnd the outdoor heat exchanger 14_TwoAnd outdoor electric
Expansion valve (outdoor pressure reducing valve) 15_TwoIt is composed of These outdoor electric expansion valves 15₁, 15_TwoOpening of
The degree of each of the outdoor heat exchangers 14₁, 14_TwoSen
Sa16₁, 16_TwoThe temperature detected in the outdoor heat exchanger
14 ₁, 14_TwoController 17 based on the temperature of₁, 17_TwoThrough
Is determined. Indoor unit 3₁, 3_TwoIs the indoor heat exchange
Container 34₁, 34_TwoAnd an indoor electric expansion valve (decompression on the indoor side)
Valve) 35₁, 35_TwoIt is composed of This indoor unit 3
₁, 3_TwoFrom the unit consisting of gas pipe 5 and liquid pipe 7
The piping extends, and the piping between the units
Outer unit 1₁, 1_TwoAre connected in parallel. These indoor electricity
Dynamic expansion valve 35₁, 35_TwoThe opening degree of each room
Heat exchanger 34₁, 34_TwoSensor 36₁, 36_TwoDetected by
Temperature, ie, indoor heat exchanger 34₁, 34_TwoBased on the temperature of
Controller 37₁, 37_TwoIs usually determined via. First outdoor unit 1₁Oil separator 12
₁Separates the lubricating oil in the refrigerant discharged from the compressors A and B.
The lubricating oil separated here is returned to the return pipe 2
1₁Through the compressors A and B. Return pipe 21₁To
On-off valve 23₁Is provided. Also, the outdoor unit 1_TwoOil of
Separator 12_TwoIs the lubrication in the refrigerant discharged from the compressor C.
Oil is separated, and the separated lubricating oil is returned
Pipe 21_TwoThrough to the compressor C. Return pipe 21_TwoTo
Is the on-off valve 23_TwoIs provided. First and second outdoor units 1₁, 1_Twoof
Return pipe 21₁, 21_TwoThe two are connected by the balance tube 51.
Continued. The balance tube 51 is provided in the first and second chambers.
Outer unit 1₁, 1_TwoOil balance between compressors
When the compressor runs out of oil, the compressor with the larger amount of lubricating oil
This is a conduit for guiding lubricating oil to 60 is a control device,
Indoor unit 3₁, 3_TwoSensor 63 provided in₁, 63_Two
Input from the system to determine the indoor air-conditioning load, and
Then, the operation of the compressors A, B and C is controlled as shown in FIG.
One of the controllers 61 and the indoor unit at the start of the heating operation.
To 3₁, 3_TwoIndoor electric expansion valve 35₁, 35_TwoFull opening
Set to open (predetermined opening) and Compressors A, B, C
The other controller to operate at maximum capacity independent of the regulating load
62. Note that the solid line in FIG.
The refrigerant flow at the start of operation is shown.
4 shows the flow of the refrigerant at the time of force. Four-way valve 13₁, 13_TwoIs cooling
The time is set to a broken line state, and the heating time is set to a solid line state. As shown in FIG. 2, the compressors A, B, and C
Compressor A is a 4 horsepower (ps) constant capacity compressor,
Compactor B variably controls capacity (number of revolutions) according to air conditioning load
It is a 6ps variable capacity compressor with compressor C of 10ps.
It is a constant capacity compressor of ps. Such a combination of circles
For example, during operation, the outdoor unit
When the air-conditioning load falls below the maximum output of the
The control for stopping the operation of the outdoor unit is performed. That is, the output is controlled in the range of 1 to 6 ps.
Has a first outdoor unit 1₁Of variable capacity compressor B
To control the refrigerant within the variable range and supply the refrigerant to the dashed arrow in FIG.
Flow as indicated by. The output is controlled within the range of 7 to 10 ps.
To control, the first outdoor unit 1₁Capacity of constant compressor
Leave A (4ps) running and leave the remaining 3-6ps
Is controlled by the operation of the variable capacity compressor B. Also output
Is controlled in the range of 11 to 16 ps by the second outdoor unit.
Knit 1_TwoOperation of constant capacity compressor C (10ps)
Leave it free and use the remaining 1-6 ps as the first outdoor unit 1
₁Is controlled by the operation of the variable capacity compressor B. Further, the output is controlled in a range of 17 to 20 ps.
The second outdoor unit 1_TwoConstant capacity compressor C
(10 ps) and the first outdoor unit 1₁Constant ability
Leave compressor A (4 ps) running and leave the remaining 3 ~
6 ps for the first outdoor unit 1₁Of variable capacity compressor B
Control by operation. According to this, up to the rated load
Can smoothly control the output of the whole range. By the way, when the above-mentioned heating operation is started,
In such a case, first, the following specific control of the present invention is performed.
Be done. The control is described first with reference to FIGS.
When the operation is started (S₁), First the control device 60 and
Controllers 62 and 37₁, 37_TwoAll indoor electric with signal
Expansion valve 35₁, 35_TwoSet to full open (predetermined opening)
(First control means: S_Two). Next, all outdoor units
Knit 1₁, 1_TwoThe compressors A, B, and C
(S_Three). Here, in the compressors B and C, the heating load
Set the rotation speed to maximize the capacity regardless of the
You. And after such control is continued for at least one minute
(S_Four), And then each indoor heat exchanger 34₁, 34_TwoCheck the temperature of
Until the temperature reaches a predetermined value or more.
Perform control (S_Five~ S₆). After that, the air conditioning
The control shifts to load-based control (see FIG. 2). Specifically the sky
Outdoor unit 1 if the conditioning load is 6 hp_TwoOperation stopped
Outdoor unit 1₁Only operation (the broken line in FIG. 1).
Status). As described above, when the heating operation is started, the indoor electric
Type expansion valve 35₁, 35_TwoFully open and all pressures
Operate compressors A, B and C at maximum capacity regardless of air conditioning load
As shown by the solid line in FIG.
The refrigerant discharged from A, B, and C in the gas pipe 5
Indoor unit 3₁, 3_TwoOutdoor unit via the liquid pipe 7
1₁, 1_TwoSo that refrigerant pool does not occur in these
I have to. These gas pipes 5 and liquid pipes 7 are usually made of heat insulating material.
What is covered, making it less susceptible to outside temperature
However, especially in winter when the outside air temperature is low, the refrigerant is
It becomes easy to accumulate. However, due to the control described above,
Almost no refrigerant accumulation occurs. [0018] To add further, to such control
Therefore, the temperature rise of the gas pipe 5 itself is based on the air conditioning load.
Since it is faster than when driving, the heating operation starts.
Uphill characteristics are greatly improved. In this control,
At least one minute for each indoor heat exchanger 34₁, 34_TwoDetect temperature
Without the indoor electric expansion valve 35₁, 35_TwoFully open
All compressors A, B and C are operated.
This is for the following reasons. That is, when the heating operation is started, the room temperature is relatively high.
If the temperature is high, the indoor heat exchanger 34 will soon be used.₁, 34_TwoWarmth
Although the temperature rises to a predetermined value, indoor heat exchange
Exchanger 34₁, 34_TwoAnd all the refrigerant accumulated in the gas pipe 5
Outer unit 1₁, 1_TwoMay not have been collected
Because it is The above description is based on the outdoor unit 1₁,
1_Two, Indoor unit 3₁, 3_TwoAll were equipped with multiple units
Performed on air conditioner, but the present invention is not limited to this.
One of the units is not
It may be. It should be noted that the above description is made only when the heating operation is started.
This is because the refrigerant at this time is the most
It is because it is easy to accumulate in the like. [0021] As described above, according to the present invention, the heating operation is started.
At the beginning, the opening of the pressure reducing valve of the user side unit is
Increase the load on the heat source side compressor
It is set to be large regardless of the
The refrigerant that has accumulated in the piping
The refrigerant is returned to the heat source side unit, and the shortage of the refrigerant hardly occurs. This
This causes the temperature of the discharged refrigerant to rise abnormally or disable operation
Can be prevented.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a refrigerant circuit diagram of a refrigeration apparatus of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing an operation state of the compressor shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a control device and a controller shown in FIG. 1; 1 ₁ [Description of symbols], 1 _second outdoor unit (heat source side unit) 3 _1, 3 ₂ indoor units (utilization side unit) 35 _1, 35 ₂ indoor electric expansion valve (pressure reducing valve) 37 _1, 37 _2, 62 Controller B Variable capacity compressor S ₂ First control means S ₃ Second control means

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) F25B 13/00 F25B 1/00

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims 1. A plurality of the heat-source side unit having at least a compressor and chamber external heat exchanger, and a plurality of utilization side units having at least reducing valve, both of these units In a refrigerating apparatus connected by piping between units, at the start of heating operation, first control means for increasing the opening degree of all pressure reducing valves of the plurality of heat source side units as compared with normal time, and interlocking with the first control means After a lapse of a predetermined time, the temperatures of all the indoor heat exchangers of the plurality of use side units are detected, and all the compression of the plurality of heat source side units are performed until the temperature of each indoor heat exchanger becomes a predetermined value or more. A second control means for operating the apparatus independently of the refrigeration load.