JP3380394B2 - Discharge injection nozzle for plasma surgery - Google Patents
Discharge injection nozzle for plasma surgeryInfo
- Publication number
- JP3380394B2 JP3380394B2 JP11610096A JP11610096A JP3380394B2 JP 3380394 B2 JP3380394 B2 JP 3380394B2 JP 11610096 A JP11610096 A JP 11610096A JP 11610096 A JP11610096 A JP 11610096A JP 3380394 B2 JP3380394 B2 JP 3380394B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- plasma
- nozzle
- cylindrical
- gas
- shape
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Landscapes
- Surgical Instruments (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、生体組織にプラズ
マを照射して外科処置を施すためのノズルの改良に関す
る。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】生体組織にプラズマを照射して例えば血
液を凝固して止血するなどの外科処置を施す技術が知ら
れており、特表平6-505644号公報や特公平6-4076号公報
に開示されている。この技術で用いられるノズル構造を
図１に示す。図中１２は絶縁パイプであり、プラズマ化
されるガス１３、例えばＡｒガスを導いて生体組織に向
けて噴射する。絶縁パイプ１２中には先端の尖った針電
極１１が長手方向に固定されており、その針電極１１に
は高電圧ケーブル１４が接続されている。使用時には高
電圧ケーブル１４に高電圧が印加されて針電極１１の尖
った先端で放電が生じるように用いられる。この放電に
よって、パイプ１２に導入されるガス１３がプラズマ化
され、生成されたプラズマが生体組織に照射される。こ
の場合、絶縁パイプ１２は、高温に耐えられるアルミナ
等の絶縁物質で製作される。
【０００３】この構造のノズルはプラズマジェットを生
成する技術を用いるものであり、気体放電で生じたプラ
ズマを冷却したパイプ１２から噴射させることにより、
高温高圧のガス気流を得る。伝導度の高い気流の周辺が
冷却されると中央部に電流が集中し（熱ピンチ効果）、
また気流が電流を伴うときには、この磁場によって流れ
の径がしぼられる（磁気ピンチ効果）ので、ふつうの放
電に比べてはるかに細くかつ高温のプラズマ流が得られ
る（岩波、理科学辞典、プラズマジェット）という現象
を利用する。
【０００４】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】前記のように、従来の
ノズルは細くて高温のプラズマ流を得ることを主題に設
計されており、プラズマ生成用の針電極１１の周囲を筒
状ノズル１２で覆う構造をとる。この場合、絶縁パイプ
１２をアルミナ等の耐熱性の高いセラミックで成形する
必要があり、少量生産時の生産コストが高価であり、ま
た成形できる形状に制約があった。またプラズマ生成用
の針電極１１の周囲を筒状ノズル１２で覆う構造をとる
ために筒状ノズル１２の径を充分に小さくできないとい
う問題があった。従来のノズル構造ではプラズマの周辺
を筒状ノズルで冷却して細いプラズマ流を得ることを前
提しているが、周辺を冷却するとプラズマ流が細く絞ら
れるという効果は高速流の使用時には顕著であるが、流
速が低い時の効果は小さい。プラズマ流を生体組織に照
射して外科処置を施す場合、例えばプラズマ流で金属を
切断する場合ほどの流速にあげることができず、プラズ
マ流を細く絞るという効果が顕著に得られない。このた
めに、筒状ノズルの径が太いということの方が実際には
問題となる。本発明は上記課題を解決するために開発さ
れたものであり、細いプラズマ流が得られ、形状の自由
度が高く、かつ安価に製造しうるノズル構造を実現する
ものである。
【０００５】
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明に係るノズルは、
生体組織に外科処置を施すためのノズルであって、導電
体で形成され、気体を導くとともにプラズマ生成電極に
兼用される筒状ノズルと、この筒状ノズルに導電体で一
体に形成され、この筒状ノズルの長さ方向にわたって板
状に突出形成される電気メス部とを備えることを特徴と
する。この構造によると筒状ノズルそのものがプラズマ
生成電極であり、従来のように筒状ノズルのなかに針電
極を収容する必要がない。このために筒状ノズルの径を
必要に応じて十分に小さくすることができ、細いプラズ
マ流を得ることを可能とする。この場合、プラズマ流の
周辺を冷却してプラズマ流を細く絞る効果が得られない
が、外科処置用のプラズマ流程度の流速の場合、ピンチ
効果が顕著でなく、ノズル径を細径化することの効果の
方が強く表れ、結果として従来以上に細いプラズマ流が
得られる。このためにより細かな外科処置が可能とな
る。また、筒状ノズルが電気メス部を備えているため、
プラズマによらない電気メスとして用いることができ
る。またこの構造によると、加工性の良い金属で筒状ノ
ズルと電気メス部とを製作できるために、形状自由度が
高く、かつ安定に生産しうる。
【０００６】
【発明の実施の形態】図２は、本発明を具現化した一つ
の形態を示し、ハンドピース２０は、外形がにぎりやす
い形状で、軸心に沿ってガス導入孔２２ａが設けられて
いる絶縁材２２と、その先端に同軸に固定された、筒状
ノズルと電極を兼用する筒状導電材２１とで構成されて
いる。筒状導電材２１の軸心に沿って伸びる貫通孔２１
ａはガス導入孔２２ａに連通している。絶縁材２２には
高電圧ケーブル２４が埋め込まれ、その高電圧ケーブル
２４は筒状導電材２１に電気的に接続されている。この
ハンドピース２０は図３のようにして使用される。すな
わちハンドピース２０の後端部にチューブ２５が取り付
けられ、そのチューブ２５はガスボンベ４３に接続され
る。これによってガスボンベ４３からのガスが筒状導電
材２１の先端から噴射されて生体４５に噴射される。高
電圧ケーブル２４には高電圧電源４２が接続されて筒状
導電材２１に高電圧が印加される。これにより生体４５
に噴射されるガスはプラズ化される。生体組織４５に照
射されたプラズマは、その熱により、あるいは生体組織
とプラズマ化学反応を生じて生体組織を改変し、所望の
外科処置を行う。
【０００７】生体４５に噴射するガスの種類は外科処置
の種類によって選択され、例えば血圧を凝固して止血す
る際にはＡｒガスが用いられ、生体組織を高温化して生
体組織を切る場合にはＯ2 ガスが用いられる。筒状導電
材２１に印加する電圧の周波数と電圧も外科処置の種類
によって選択され、この周波数と回路のインピーダンス
をマッチングさせることで、生体４５に実電流を通電す
ることなく、外科処置を施すことも可能である。この場
合、生体４５に対電極４６を取り付けておく必要はな
い。生体４５に対電極４６を取り付けておいて、生体４
５に実電流を流しながらプラズマを噴射することも可能
であり、この場合には、プラズマの熱とプラズマによる
化学反応と同時に通電によるジュール熱が得られ、三者
の複合した外科処置が可能となる。
【０００８】このハンドピース２０の場合、ガス流を停
止していわゆる電気メス用のハンドピースとして用いる
ことも可能である。この場合、大気を通して生じる放電
を利用してプラズマによらない電気外科処置を行う。プ
ラズマ用ハンドピースとして用いたり、プラズマによら
ない電気メス用ハンドピースとして用いたりすることが
予定されている場合には、筒状導電材の形状を例えば図
４、図５に示すような特殊形状としておくことができ
る。このように筒状導電材４１の形状を特別に設ける
と、生体４５と導電材４１との間に生じる電界強度分布
を不均一とすることができ、外科処置者がその不均一性
を利用して高度の局所的処置を施すことを可能とする。
この場合、導電材４１は加工性の良好な金属で製作され
るために、この形状の自由度が高く、処置に必要な形状
を自在に実現することができる。
【０００９】
【発明の効果】本発明のノズルによると、筒状ノズルの
中に針電極を収容する必要がなく筒状ノズルの径を充分
に小さくすることができる。このために細いプラズマが
得られ、細かな外科処置が可能となる。また本発明のノ
ズルによると加工性の良い金属で筒状ノズルを製作で
き、安価に所望形状のノズルを得ることが可能となる。
さらに、１つのハンドピースによってプラズマ照射によ
る外科処置とプラズマによらない電気外科処置を選択的
に施すことも可能となる。Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION [0001] 1. Field of the Invention [0002] The present invention relates to an improvement in a nozzle for irradiating a living tissue with a plasma to perform a surgical procedure. 2. Description of the Related Art There is known a technique for irradiating a living tissue with plasma to perform a surgical procedure such as coagulation of blood to stop the bleeding. It is disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 4076. FIG. 1 shows a nozzle structure used in this technique. In the drawing, reference numeral 12 denotes an insulating pipe, which guides a gas 13 to be converted into plasma, for example, Ar gas, and injects it toward a living tissue. A needle electrode 11 having a sharp tip is fixed in the insulating pipe 12 in a longitudinal direction, and a high voltage cable 14 is connected to the needle electrode 11. In use, a high voltage is applied to the high voltage cable 14 so that a discharge occurs at the sharp tip of the needle electrode 11. By this discharge, the gas 13 introduced into the pipe 12 is turned into plasma, and the generated plasma is irradiated on the living tissue. In this case, the insulating pipe 12 is made of an insulating material such as alumina that can withstand high temperatures. [0003] The nozzle of this structure uses a technique of generating a plasma jet, and by injecting plasma generated by gas discharge from a cooled pipe 12,
A high temperature and high pressure gas stream is obtained. When the area around the highly conductive airflow is cooled, the current concentrates in the center (thermal pinch effect),
When an air current is accompanied by an electric current, the diameter of the flow is reduced by this magnetic field (magnetic pinch effect), so that a much thinner and higher temperature plasma flow can be obtained compared to ordinary discharge (Iwanami, Science Dictionary, Plasma Jet) ). [0004] As described above, the conventional nozzle is designed to obtain a thin and high-temperature plasma flow, and has a cylindrical shape around a needle electrode 11 for plasma generation. A structure to cover with the nozzle 12 is adopted. In this case, it is necessary to mold the insulating pipe 12 from a ceramic having high heat resistance, such as alumina, so that the production cost at the time of small-quantity production is expensive, and the shape that can be molded is limited. Further, there is a problem that the diameter of the cylindrical nozzle 12 cannot be sufficiently reduced due to the structure in which the periphery of the needle electrode 11 for plasma generation is covered with the cylindrical nozzle 12. The conventional nozzle structure is based on the assumption that a narrow plasma flow is obtained by cooling the periphery of the plasma with a cylindrical nozzle, but the effect of cooling the periphery to narrow the plasma flow is remarkable when using a high-speed flow. However, the effect is small when the flow velocity is low. When performing a surgical procedure by irradiating a living body tissue with a plasma flow, for example, the flow rate cannot be increased to the level of cutting a metal by the plasma flow, and the effect of narrowing the plasma flow is not significantly obtained. For this reason, the fact that the diameter of the cylindrical nozzle is large is actually a problem. The present invention has been developed in order to solve the above-mentioned problem, and realizes a nozzle structure which can obtain a thin plasma flow, has a high degree of freedom in shape, and can be manufactured at low cost. [0005] A nozzle according to the present invention comprises:
A nozzle for performing surgical procedures on living tissue, which is electrically conductive.
It is formed of a body, guides gas, and serves as a plasma generation electrode.
A cylindrical nozzle that is also used as a conductive member
Formed in the body, a plate over the length of this cylindrical nozzle
And an electric scalpel portion that is formed in a protruding shape . According to this structure, the cylindrical nozzle itself is the plasma generating electrode, and it is not necessary to house the needle electrode in the cylindrical nozzle as in the conventional case. For this reason, the diameter of the cylindrical nozzle can be made sufficiently small as required, and a thin plasma flow can be obtained. In this case, the effect of cooling the periphery of the plasma flow to narrow the plasma flow cannot be obtained.However, when the flow speed is about the same as the plasma flow for surgical treatment, the pinch effect is not remarkable, and the nozzle diameter should be reduced. Is more pronounced, and as a result, a thinner plasma flow than before can be obtained. This allows for finer surgical procedures. Also, since the cylindrical nozzle has an electric knife section,
Can be used as an electric scalpel without plasma
You. In addition, according to this structure, the cylindrical nozzle is made of metal with good workability.
Since the chisel and the electric knife part can be manufactured, the degree of freedom of the shape is high and stable production can be achieved. FIG. 2 shows one embodiment embodying the present invention. The handpiece 20 has a shape in which the outer shape is easily formed, and a gas introduction hole 22a is provided along the axis. And a cylindrical conductive material 21 coaxially fixed to the tip thereof and also serving as a cylindrical nozzle and an electrode. Through hole 21 extending along the axis of cylindrical conductive material 21
a is in communication with the gas introduction hole 22a. A high-voltage cable 24 is embedded in the insulating member 22, and the high-voltage cable 24 is electrically connected to the tubular conductive member 21. This handpiece 20 is used as shown in FIG. That is, the tube 25 is attached to the rear end of the handpiece 20, and the tube 25 is connected to the gas cylinder 43. As a result, the gas from the gas cylinder 43 is injected from the tip of the tubular conductive material 21 and is injected into the living body 45. A high voltage power supply 42 is connected to the high voltage cable 24 to apply a high voltage to the tubular conductive material 21. Thereby, the living body 45
The gas injected into the blast is plasmified. The plasma irradiated to the living tissue 45 modifies the living tissue by the heat or by causing a plasma chemical reaction with the living tissue to perform a desired surgical procedure. The type of gas injected into the living body 45 is selected according to the type of surgical procedure. For example, Ar gas is used when coagulating blood pressure to stop the bleeding, and when heating the living tissue to cut the living tissue, O 2 gas is used. The frequency and voltage of the voltage to be applied to the tubular conductive material 21 are also selected according to the type of the surgical procedure. By matching this frequency with the impedance of the circuit, the surgical procedure can be performed without applying a real current to the living body 45. Is also possible. In this case, it is not necessary to attach the counter electrode 46 to the living body 45. With the counter electrode 46 attached to the living body 45, the living body 4
It is also possible to inject the plasma while passing an actual current through 5, and in this case, Joule heat is obtained by energization at the same time as the heat of the plasma and the chemical reaction by the plasma. Become. In the case of the handpiece 20, the gas flow can be stopped and the handpiece 20 can be used as a so-called electric knife handpiece. In this case, an electrosurgical procedure that does not rely on plasma is performed using a discharge generated through the atmosphere. When it is intended to be used as a handpiece for plasma or a handpiece for an electric scalpel that does not rely on plasma, the shape of the cylindrical conductive material is, for example, a special shape as shown in FIGS. You can keep. When the shape of the tubular conductive material 41 is specially provided in this manner, the electric field intensity distribution generated between the living body 45 and the conductive material 41 can be made non-uniform, and the surgeon can use the non-uniformity. To provide high level local treatment.
In this case, since the conductive material 41 is made of a metal having good workability, the degree of freedom of the shape is high, and the shape required for the treatment can be freely realized. According to the nozzle of the present invention, it is not necessary to house the needle electrode in the cylindrical nozzle, and the diameter of the cylindrical nozzle can be sufficiently reduced. As a result, a thin plasma can be obtained, and a fine surgical procedure can be performed. Further, according to the nozzle of the present invention, a cylindrical nozzle can be manufactured from a metal having good workability, and a nozzle having a desired shape can be obtained at low cost.
Further, a single handpiece can selectively perform a plasma irradiation surgical treatment and a plasma-free electrosurgical treatment.
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】従来のノズル構造を示す図。
【図２】一つの形態に係わるノズル構造を示す図。
【図３】ノズルの使用システムを示す図。
【図４】他の一つの形態に係わるノズルの断面形状を示
す図。
【図５】図４のノズル形状を斜視した図。
【符号の説明】
２１ 筒状導電材（筒状ノズル兼プラズマ生成電極）BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a conventional nozzle structure. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a nozzle structure according to one embodiment. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a system using a nozzle. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a cross-sectional shape of a nozzle according to another embodiment. FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the nozzle shape of FIG. 4; [Description of Signs] 21 Cylindrical conductive material (cylindrical nozzle and plasma generating electrode)
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 松井 照幸 愛知県尾西市北今字定納28番地 株式会 社メックス内 (56)参考文献 特開 平５−92009（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特公 平７−34805（ＪＰ，Ｂ２) 特表 平６−505644（ＪＰ，Ａ) 米国特許4060088（ＵＳ，Ａ) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7，ＤＢ名) A61B 18/04 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuing from the front page (72) Inventor Teruyuki Matsui 28, Kitaimaji Setona, Onishi-shi, Aichi Mex Corporation (56) References JP-A-5-92009 (JP, A) -34805 (JP, B2) JP-A-6-505644 (JP, A) US Patent 4060088 (US, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. 7 , DB name) A61B 18/04
Claims (1)
あって、 導電体で形成され、気体を導くとともにプラズマ生成電
極に兼用される筒状ノズルと、 この筒状ノズルに導電体で一体に形成され、この筒状ノ
ズルの長さ方向にわたって板状に突出形成される電気メ
ス部、とを備えるノズル。 (57) [Claims] [Claim 1] A nozzle for performing a surgical procedure on a living tissue
It is formed of a conductor, guides gas, and generates plasma
A cylindrical nozzle that is also used as a pole, and a conductive member integrally formed with the cylindrical nozzle,
An electrical outlet that is formed in a plate shape over the length of the
And a nozzle portion.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP11610096A JP3380394B2 (en) | 1996-05-10 | 1996-05-10 | Discharge injection nozzle for plasma surgery |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP11610096A JP3380394B2 (en) | 1996-05-10 | 1996-05-10 | Discharge injection nozzle for plasma surgery |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH09299379A JPH09299379A (en) | 1997-11-25 |
| JP3380394B2 true JP3380394B2 (en) | 2003-02-24 |
Family
ID=14678707
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP11610096A Expired - Fee Related JP3380394B2 (en) | 1996-05-10 | 1996-05-10 | Discharge injection nozzle for plasma surgery |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3380394B2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR101158800B1 (en) * | 2008-11-14 | 2012-06-26 | 주식회사 피에스엠 | Plasma gun for medical treatment |
Families Citing this family (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001061852A (en) * | 1999-08-26 | 2001-03-13 | Assist Japan Kk | Plasma-like gas generating device |
| US7300436B2 (en) | 2000-02-22 | 2007-11-27 | Rhytec Limited | Tissue resurfacing |
| US7862564B2 (en) | 2000-02-22 | 2011-01-04 | Plasmogen Inc. | Method of remodelling stretch marks |
| US7335199B2 (en) | 2000-02-22 | 2008-02-26 | Rhytec Limited | Tissue resurfacing |
| US7785322B2 (en) | 2000-02-22 | 2010-08-31 | Plasmogen Inc. | Tissue treatment system |
| US6629974B2 (en) | 2000-02-22 | 2003-10-07 | Gyrus Medical Limited | Tissue treatment method |
| US6723091B2 (en) | 2000-02-22 | 2004-04-20 | Gyrus Medical Limited | Tissue resurfacing |
| WO2006001455A1 (en) * | 2004-06-28 | 2006-01-05 | The University Of Tokyo | Plasma generator, in vivo plasma processing device using same, and surface processing device |
| GB201217781D0 (en) * | 2012-10-04 | 2012-11-14 | Gyrus Medical Ltd | Electrosurgical apparatus and system |
| JP6664046B2 (en) * | 2016-03-07 | 2020-03-13 | 国立研究開発法人産業技術総合研究所 | Plasma irradiation processing apparatus, evaluation apparatus and evaluation method thereof, control apparatus and control method thereof, and method of manufacturing film |
-
1996
- 1996-05-10 JP JP11610096A patent/JP3380394B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR101158800B1 (en) * | 2008-11-14 | 2012-06-26 | 주식회사 피에스엠 | Plasma gun for medical treatment |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH09299379A (en) | 1997-11-25 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees | ||
| S111 | Request for change of ownership or part of ownership |
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| R371 | Transfer withdrawn |
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