JP3375428B2 - Water hammer absorber - Google Patents
Water hammer absorberInfo
- Publication number
- JP3375428B2 JP3375428B2 JP20156294A JP20156294A JP3375428B2 JP 3375428 B2 JP3375428 B2 JP 3375428B2 JP 20156294 A JP20156294 A JP 20156294A JP 20156294 A JP20156294 A JP 20156294A JP 3375428 B2 JP3375428 B2 JP 3375428B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- cylinder
- water hammer
- piston
- water
- screw
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L55/00—Devices or appurtenances for use in, or in connection with, pipes or pipe systems
- F16L55/04—Devices damping pulsations or vibrations in fluids
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Pipe Accessories (AREA)
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、給水管、給湯管等の配
管に配設し、配管中に発生する水撃を減衰させる水撃吸
収器に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a water hammer absorber which is disposed in a pipe such as a water supply pipe or a hot water supply pipe to damp a water hammer generated in the pipe.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】図６(a),(b) に示すように、水栓（蛇
口）12に水を供給する給水管10、及び湯水混合栓13に
湯、水を供給する給湯管11や給水管10には、水栓12・給
水混合栓13の急閉によって給湯管11、給水管10等の配管
内の動圧力が急上昇し、水撃が発生することがある。こ
うした水撃は、衝撃騒音を発生させるだけでなく、水栓
器具、配管等を損傷させる原因となる。そこで、水撃を
減衰、緩衝させるために、水栓12・給水混合栓13の近傍
の給水管10・給湯管11中に水撃吸収器１を配設すること
が行われている。2. Description of the Related Art As shown in FIGS. 6 (a) and 6 (b), a water supply pipe 10 for supplying water to a faucet 12 and a hot water supply pipe 11 for supplying hot water and water to a hot and cold water mixing tap 13 are provided. In the water supply pipe 10, the dynamic pressure in the hot water supply pipe 11, the water supply pipe 10 and the like may suddenly rise due to the rapid closure of the water faucet 12 and the water supply mixer 13, and a water hammer may occur. Such a water hammer not only causes impulsive noise, but also causes damage to faucet equipment, piping, and the like. Therefore, in order to attenuate and buffer the water hammer, the water hammer absorber 1 is arranged in the water supply pipe 10 and the hot water supply pipe 11 near the water faucet 12 and the water supply mixer 13.
【０００３】図７は水撃吸収器１の従来例を示し、給水
管10中に筒部15が接続され、筒部15の内部にはベンチュ
リー管16が設けられ、ベンチュリー管16の絞り部17の通
孔18によって、ベンチュリー管16の内部と外部の連通室
19とが連通される。筒部15と一体にシリンダ20が形成さ
れ、シリンダ20の右端の開口端にはシリンダ蓋23が螺合
され、シリンダ20内にピストン24が摺動自在かつ気密に
嵌合される。ピストン24とシリンダ蓋23との間のシリン
ダ室には複数のスプリングが介装され、連通口21を介し
てピストン24の外側の受圧面と連通室19とが連通され
る。図７の水撃吸収器１において、水栓が閉じられてい
るとき、ピストン24はその受圧面に給水圧（動水圧）が
作用して押し戻され、給水圧による力とスプリングの付
勢力等とが釣り合う位置で停止する。このときに水栓が
開かれて給水管10に水流が生ずると、ベンチュリー管16
の絞り部17に連通するシリンダ20内の動圧力が低下し、
ピストン24がシリンダ20の前端部（図７では左端）まで
押し出される。次に水栓が急閉されると、突発的圧力上
昇が生じて給水管10内を伝播し、給水管10内の水がシリ
ンダ20内に逃げ込み、これにより圧力上昇が吸収されて
水撃現象の発生が回避される。前記従来例として、例え
ば特開平３−２７２３７８号公報を参照する。FIG. 7 shows a conventional example of a water hammer absorber 1, in which a pipe portion 15 is connected to a water supply pipe 10, a venturi pipe 16 is provided inside the pipe portion 15, and a throttle portion 17 of the venturi pipe 16 is provided. Through the through hole 18 of the Venturi tube 16, the communication chamber inside and outside
19 is communicated with. A cylinder 20 is formed integrally with the tubular portion 15, a cylinder lid 23 is screwed into an opening end on the right end of the cylinder 20, and a piston 24 is slidably and airtightly fitted in the cylinder 20. A plurality of springs are provided in the cylinder chamber between the piston 24 and the cylinder lid 23, and the pressure receiving surface outside the piston 24 and the communication chamber 19 are communicated with each other via the communication port 21. In the water hammer absorber 1 of FIG. 7, when the faucet is closed, the piston 24 is pushed back by the water pressure (dynamic water pressure) acting on its pressure receiving surface, and the force due to the water pressure and the urging force of the spring are generated. Stop at a position where they are in balance. At this time, if the faucet is opened and a water flow occurs in the water supply pipe 10, the venturi pipe 16
The dynamic pressure in the cylinder 20 communicating with the throttle portion 17 of
The piston 24 is pushed out to the front end portion (left end in FIG. 7) of the cylinder 20. Then, when the faucet is suddenly closed, a sudden pressure increase occurs and propagates in the water supply pipe 10, and the water in the water supply pipe 10 escapes into the cylinder 20, whereby the pressure increase is absorbed and the water hammer phenomenon occurs. Is avoided. As the conventional example, reference is made to JP-A-3-272378, for example.
【０００４】前記従来例において、給水管10に高圧水が
供給され、水圧（動水圧）による力がスプリングのセッ
ト圧力以上になると、ピストン24の初期値が変化し、初
期のシリンダ容積（シリンダ室の容積）が小さくなる。
そして、スプリングが最も圧縮されたとき（図７ではピ
ストンがシリンダ蓋23に当接したとき）には、スプリン
グの密着長から生ずるデッドスペースが存在するので、
シリンダ室の容積変化率が小さくなり、圧力変化が少な
くなり、高動水圧時の水撃吸収器の水撃吸収性能が低下
する。給水管10に供給される圧力が高圧になっても、ス
プリング荷重を大きくすれば水撃吸収性能は低下しない
が、スプリング荷重を大きくすると、水圧が低いときの
水撃吸収ができなくなる等の問題がある。In the above-mentioned conventional example, when high-pressure water is supplied to the water supply pipe 10 and the force due to water pressure (dynamic water pressure) exceeds the set pressure of the spring, the initial value of the piston 24 changes and the initial cylinder volume (cylinder chamber Volume) becomes smaller.
Then, when the spring is most compressed (in FIG. 7, the piston comes into contact with the cylinder lid 23), there is a dead space due to the close contact length of the spring.
The volume change rate of the cylinder chamber becomes small, the pressure change becomes small, and the water hammer absorption performance of the water hammer absorber at high dynamic water pressure deteriorates. Even if the pressure supplied to the water supply pipe 10 becomes high, if the spring load is increased, the water hammer absorption performance does not decrease.However, if the spring load is increased, the water hammer absorption cannot be performed when the water pressure is low. There is.
【０００５】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明は、水撃吸収器
において、供給される流体の動水圧が高い場合でも低い
場合でも、スプリングを取り替えることなく、水撃吸収
性能を発揮できるようにすることを課題とする。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention enables a water hammer absorber to exhibit its water hammer absorbing performance without replacing the spring, regardless of whether the supplied fluid has a high or low dynamic water pressure. This is an issue.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、シリンダ(2)
内にピストン(3) が摺動自在かつ気密に嵌合され、ピス
トン(3) をシリンダ(2) の前端に向かって付勢するよう
にスプリング(5) が配設され、シリンダ(2) 内でスプリ
ング(5) の配設されたピストン(3) の内側を密封された
空気室(7) となし、ピストン(3) の外側の受圧面(49)を
通孔(6) を通して配管に連通させるようにした水撃吸収
器(1) において、空気室(7) の容積を増減可能としたこ
とをことを構成とする。そして、空気室(7) に対してア
ジャストスクリュー(8) の円柱部(44)が進退可能に配設
され、アジャストスクリュー(8)を回転させることによ
りアジャストスクリュー(8) を前後に移動するようにす
ることができる。また、本発明は、前記の構成におい
て、シリンダ(2) の前端部に円筒状接続部(26)が一体的
に連設され、円筒状接続部(26)の内面に通孔(6) が形成
され、シリンダ(2) の後端部にプラグ(4) が螺合され、
プラグ(4) の円筒部(27)とシリンダ(2) とが摺動自在か
つ気密に嵌合され、プラグ(4) の中央段部(39)とピスト
ン(3) との間にスプリング(5) が介装され、プラグ(4)
の内部に前方から順に中央孔(41)とネジ孔(43)とが連設
され、中央孔(41)内にアジャストスクリュー(8) の円柱
部(44)が摺動自在かつ気密に嵌合され、アジャストスク
リュー(8) の頭部(45)外周の雄ネジ部(46)がプラグ(4)
のネジ孔(43)に螺合され、頭部(45)の後端面に凹溝(47)
が形成され、アジャストスクリュー(8) を回転させるこ
とによりアジャストスクリュー(8) が前後に移動するよ
うにしたことをも構成とする。The present invention provides a cylinder (2)
The piston (3) is slidably and airtightly fitted inside, and the spring (5) is arranged so as to bias the piston (3) toward the front end of the cylinder (2). The inside of the piston (3) with the spring (5) is made into a sealed air chamber (7), and the pressure receiving surface (49) on the outside of the piston (3) is connected to the pipe through the through hole (6). In the water hammer absorber (1) so configured, the volume of the air chamber (7) can be increased or decreased. Then, the columnar part (44) of the adjusting screw (8) is arranged so as to be able to move forward and backward with respect to the air chamber (7), and the adjusting screw (8) is moved back and forth by rotating the adjusting screw (8). Can be Further, according to the present invention, in the above-mentioned structure, the cylindrical connecting portion (26) is integrally connected to the front end portion of the cylinder (2), and the through hole (6) is formed on the inner surface of the cylindrical connecting portion (26). Formed, the plug (4) is screwed into the rear end of the cylinder (2),
The cylinder (27) of the plug (4) and the cylinder (2) are fitted in a slidable and airtight manner, and the spring (5) is inserted between the central step (39) of the plug (4) and the piston (3). ) Is inserted and the plug (4)
Inside, the central hole (41) and screw hole (43) are arranged in sequence from the front, and the cylindrical portion (44) of the adjusting screw (8) is slidably and airtightly fitted in the central hole (41). Then, the male screw part (46) on the outer circumference of the head (45) of the adjusting screw (8) is connected to the plug (4).
Screwed into the screw hole (43) of the head, and the groove (47) is formed in the rear end face of the head (45).
Is formed, and the adjusting screw (8) is rotated to move the adjusting screw (8) back and forth.
【０００７】[0007]
【作用】ピストン(3) の外側の受圧面(49)を通孔(6) を
通して配管に連通させてあり、配管には給水源及び水栓
が連通されている。水栓が閉じられているとき、ピスト
ン(3) は、その受圧面(49)に給水圧（動水圧）が作用し
てスプリング(5) が少し圧縮されて押し戻され、給水圧
による力とスプリング(5) の付勢力及び空気室内の空気
圧による力が釣り合う位置で停止する。次に水栓が開か
れて給水管に水流が生ずると、通孔(6) に連通するピス
トン(3) の受圧面(49)の圧力が低下し、ピストン(3) が
スプリング(5) の付勢力等によって押されて移動し、新
しいバランス位置で停止する。水栓が急閉されると配管
中に突発的圧力上昇が生じ、その突発的圧力上昇がピス
トン(3) の受圧面(49)に伝播し、ピストン(3) が後方に
急速に移動して空気室(7) の空気を圧縮し、配管中の水
がシリンダ(2) 内に流入し、これにより圧力上昇が吸収
されて水撃現象の発生が回避される。[Operation] The pressure receiving surface (49) on the outside of the piston (3) is connected to the pipe through the through hole (6), and the water supply source and the water tap are connected to the pipe. When the water faucet is closed, the piston (3) is pushed by the feed water pressure (dynamic water pressure) on its pressure receiving surface (49) and the spring (5) is slightly compressed and pushed back. It stops at the position where the urging force of (5) and the force of the air pressure in the air chamber are balanced. Next, when the faucet is opened and a water flow is generated in the water supply pipe, the pressure on the pressure receiving surface (49) of the piston (3) communicating with the through hole (6) is reduced, and the piston (3) moves to the spring (5). It is pushed by urging force and moves, and stops at the new balance position. When the faucet is suddenly closed, a sudden pressure rise occurs in the pipe, and the sudden pressure rise propagates to the pressure receiving surface (49) of the piston (3), causing the piston (3) to move rapidly rearward. The air in the air chamber (7) is compressed, and the water in the pipe flows into the cylinder (2), whereby the rise in pressure is absorbed and the occurrence of the water hammer phenomenon is avoided.
【０００８】[0008]
【実施例】図１〜図４は、本発明の水撃吸収器１の第１
実施例を示す。水撃吸収器１のシリンダ２の前端（図１
では左端）部に円筒状接続部26が一体的に連設され、円
筒状接続部26の内面に通孔６が形成される。シリンダ２
の後端部（図１では右端部）内面に雌ネジ部30が形成さ
れ、シリンダ２の内孔31に断面コ字形のピストン３が摺
動自在に嵌合される。ピストン３には一体的に形成され
た頂部35と円筒状のスカート部36があり、スカート部36
の外面の３個の環状溝にそれぞれＯリング32が装着さ
れ、Ｏリング32によってシリンダ２の内孔31とピストン
３のスカート部36との間が気密にシールされる。シリン
ダ２に装着すべきプラグ４には、前方から順次に小外径
の円筒部27、中外径の中間部28、大外径（シリンダ２と
同外径）の把持部29があり、円筒部27がシリンダ２の内
孔31に摺動可能に嵌合される。円筒部27の外面の環状溝
にＯリング33が装着され、Ｏリング33によってシリンダ
２の内孔31とプラグ４の円筒部27との間が気密にシール
される。プラグ４の中間部28の外面に雄ネジ部34が形成
され、中間部28と把持部29との間に環状の段部38が形成
される。シリンダ２の雌ネジ部30にプラグ４の雄ネジ部
34が螺合され、シリンダ２の後端にプラグ４の段部38が
当接し、シリンダ２とプラグ４とが連結される。1 to 4 show a first embodiment of a water hammer absorber 1 according to the present invention.
An example is shown. The front end of the cylinder 2 of the water hammer absorber 1 (Fig. 1
In the left end portion, the cylindrical connecting portion 26 is integrally connected, and the through hole 6 is formed in the inner surface of the cylindrical connecting portion 26. Cylinder 2
A female screw portion 30 is formed on the inner surface of the rear end portion (right end portion in FIG. 1), and the piston 3 having a U-shaped cross section is slidably fitted in the inner hole 31 of the cylinder 2. The piston 3 has an integrally formed top portion 35 and a cylindrical skirt portion 36.
An O-ring 32 is mounted in each of the three annular grooves on the outer surface of the cylinder 3, and the O-ring 32 hermetically seals between the inner hole 31 of the cylinder 2 and the skirt portion 36 of the piston 3. The plug 4 to be mounted on the cylinder 2 has a cylindrical portion 27 having a small outer diameter, a middle portion 28 having a medium outer diameter, and a grip portion 29 having a large outer diameter (the same outer diameter as the cylinder 2) sequentially from the front. 27 is slidably fitted in the inner hole 31 of the cylinder 2. An O-ring 33 is mounted in an annular groove on the outer surface of the cylindrical portion 27, and the O-ring 33 hermetically seals between the inner hole 31 of the cylinder 2 and the cylindrical portion 27 of the plug 4. A male screw portion 34 is formed on the outer surface of the intermediate portion 28 of the plug 4, and an annular step portion 38 is formed between the intermediate portion 28 and the grip portion 29. The female thread 30 of the cylinder 2 and the male thread of the plug 4
34 is screwed, and the stepped portion 38 of the plug 4 contacts the rear end of the cylinder 2 to connect the cylinder 2 and the plug 4.
【０００９】プラグ４の中間部28の内方には環状突出部
40が形成され、環状突出部40の内面に中央孔41が形成さ
れ、環状突出部40の前端（図１で左端）には環状の段部
39が形成される。ピストン３の頂部35の内面（図１では
右側面）とプラグ４の段部39との間にスプリング５が介
装され、スプリング５の付勢力によってピストン３は前
方（図１では左方）に向けて付勢される。シリンダ２の
内孔31の前端には環状の前方段部50が形成され、前方段
部50はピストン３の前方のストッパーとなり、プラグ４
の円筒部27の前端がピストン３の後方のストッパーとな
る。プラグ４の内部には、把持部29の中央を貫通し、中
間部28の環状突出部40に至るネジ孔43が形成され、ネジ
孔43はプラグ４の後端面に開口される。アジャストスク
リュー８には円柱部44と頭部45とが一体に形成され、円
柱部44がプラグ４の中央孔41に摺動自在に嵌合され、中
央孔41の環状溝に装着されたＯリング37により、円柱部
44の外面と中央孔41との間が気密にシールされる。アジ
ャストスクリュー８の頭部45の外周面に雄ネジ部46が形
成され、アジャストスクリュー８の雄ネジ部46がプラグ
４のネジ孔43に螺合される。頭部45の後端面に形成され
た凹溝47にドライバー等の先端を嵌合させて、頭部45を
回転させることにより、アジャストスクリュー８の円柱
部44が回転しながら前後に移動し、アジャストスクリュ
ー８の円柱部44の先端部でシリンダ２の空気室７に挿入
される量（容積Ｖx ）が変化する。以上のように空気室
７は、Ｏリング32,33,37によって密封される。An annular protrusion is provided inside the middle portion 28 of the plug 4.
40 is formed, a central hole 41 is formed on the inner surface of the annular protrusion 40, and an annular step is formed at the front end (left end in FIG. 1) of the annular protrusion 40.
39 is formed. The spring 5 is interposed between the inner surface of the top portion 35 of the piston 3 (right side surface in FIG. 1) and the step portion 39 of the plug 4, and the piston 3 is moved forward (leftward in FIG. 1) by the biasing force of the spring 5. Is urged towards. An annular front step portion 50 is formed at the front end of the inner hole 31 of the cylinder 2, and the front step portion 50 serves as a stopper in front of the piston 3 and the plug 4
The front end of the cylindrical portion 27 serves as a stopper behind the piston 3. Inside the plug 4, a screw hole 43 that penetrates through the center of the grip portion 29 and reaches the annular protruding portion 40 of the intermediate portion 28 is formed, and the screw hole 43 is opened in the rear end surface of the plug 4. A cylindrical portion 44 and a head portion 45 are integrally formed with the adjusting screw 8, and the cylindrical portion 44 is slidably fitted in the central hole 41 of the plug 4 and is attached to the annular groove of the central hole 41. 37, cylindrical part
The outer surface of 44 and the central hole 41 are hermetically sealed. A male screw portion 46 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the head portion 45 of the adjusting screw 8, and the male screw portion 46 of the adjusting screw 8 is screwed into the screw hole 43 of the plug 4. By fitting the tip of a screwdriver or the like into the groove 47 formed in the rear end surface of the head portion 45 and rotating the head portion 45, the cylindrical portion 44 of the adjusting screw 8 moves back and forth while rotating, and the adjusting screw 8 is moved. The amount (volume Vx) inserted into the air chamber 7 of the cylinder 2 changes at the tip of the cylindrical portion 44 of the screw 8. As described above, the air chamber 7 is sealed by the O-rings 32, 33, 37.
【００１０】通孔６には配管が接続され、配管により通
孔６は給水源及び水栓に連通され、配管中の動水圧がピ
ストン３の受圧面49に作用する。ピストン３の受圧面49
の受圧面積をＡとし、受圧面49に水圧ｐ〔ｋＰａ〕が作
用し、スプリング荷重をＷ’とし、空気室７の容積変化
による圧力上昇をΔｐ〔ｋＰａ〕とすると、釣り合う条
件は〔ｐＡ＝Ｗ’＋ΔｐＡ〕である。この条件から分か
る通り、空気室７の圧力変化を大きくすれば、より大き
な水圧力と釣り合うことができる。図１〜図２には、ア
ジャストスクリュー８が最も右端の後退位置にあり、ア
ジャストスクリュー８の円柱部44の空気室７への進入量
が最も少ない場合を示す。この場合、配管中の動水圧が
急上昇し、空気室７が圧縮されてピストン３が後端のス
トローク終端に達したとき、第２図に示す通り、シリン
ダ室７の容積は、スプリング５の密着長から生ずるデッ
ドスペースの容積Ｖ1 になる。アジャストスクリュー８
を回転することにより、アジャストスクリュー８の円柱
部44を空気室７に任意の容積Ｖx だけ挿入することがで
きるが、容積Ｖx は容積Ｖ1 より小さい。図３におい
て、アジャストスクリュー８の円柱部44に斜線を付した
部分Ｖx が挿入した部分であり、図３には挿入量最大の
場合が図示されている。図４に示すとおり、アジャスト
スクリュー８の挿入量を最大にし、空気室７が圧縮され
てピストン３がストローク終端に達したとき、空気室７
の空気の容積はＶ2 であり、図４の容積Ｖ2 は図２の容
積Ｖ1 よりも遙に小さい。このようにシリンダ室７の容
積をＶ1 〜Ｖ2 の範囲で増減させることができるので、
動水圧が高い場合でも低い場合でも、スプリングを取り
替えることなく、スプリング荷重が小さくなるようにし
て、水撃吸収性能を発揮できるようにすることができ
る。A pipe is connected to the through hole 6, and the through hole 6 is connected to the water supply source and the faucet by the pipe, and the dynamic water pressure in the pipe acts on the pressure receiving surface 49 of the piston 3. Pressure receiving surface 49 of piston 3
Is A, the water pressure p [kPa] acts on the pressure receiving surface 49, the spring load is W ′, and the pressure increase due to the volume change of the air chamber 7 is Δp [kPa], the balanced condition is [pA = W ′ + ΔpA]. As can be seen from this condition, if the pressure change in the air chamber 7 is increased, it is possible to balance with a larger water pressure. 1 to 2 show the case where the adjusting screw 8 is at the rightmost retracted position and the amount of the columnar portion 44 of the adjusting screw 8 entering the air chamber 7 is the smallest. In this case, when the hydraulic pressure in the pipe suddenly rises, the air chamber 7 is compressed, and the piston 3 reaches the end of the stroke at the rear end, as shown in FIG. The volume of dead space resulting from the length is V 1 . Adjust screw 8
By rotating, the cylindrical portion 44 of the adjusting screw 8 can be inserted into the air chamber 7 by an arbitrary volume Vx, but the volume Vx is smaller than the volume V 1 . In FIG. 3, the shaded portion Vx is inserted into the columnar portion 44 of the adjusting screw 8, and FIG. 3 shows the case where the insertion amount is maximum. As shown in FIG. 4, when the insertion amount of the adjusting screw 8 is maximized and the air chamber 7 is compressed and the piston 3 reaches the end of the stroke, the air chamber 7
The volume of the air is V 2 and the volume V 2 in FIG. 4 is much smaller than the volume V 1 in FIG. In this way, the volume of the cylinder chamber 7 can be increased or decreased within the range of V 1 to V 2 ,
Regardless of whether the dynamic water pressure is high or low, the spring load can be reduced without replacing the spring, so that the water hammer absorption performance can be exhibited.
【００１１】図１〜図２は配管中の動水圧が低い場合を
示し、水栓を開いて配管中の水が流出するときには、ピ
ストン３は図１に示すストローク始端の位置にある。水
栓が急閉されると、突発的圧力上昇が生じてピストン３
の受圧面49に作用し、図２に示すようにスプリング５及
び空気室７内の空気が圧縮されて、ピストン３がストロ
ーク終端位置に達する。このとき、配管中の水が通孔６
を通ってシリンダ２内に流れ、これにより圧力上昇が吸
収されて水撃現象の発生が回避される。図３〜図４は配
管中の動水圧が相当に高い場合を示し、使用中において
ピストン３は概ね図３のストローク中間の位置にある。
水栓が急閉され、突発的圧力上昇が生じた場合には、ピ
ストン３が図４に示すストローク終端位置に達すること
がある。このように、動水圧が高い場合には、スプリン
グ５の密着長から生ずる空間をアジャストスクリュー８
の円柱部44で埋めることにより、空気室７の容積変化率
を大きくしたのである。1 and 2 show the case where the dynamic water pressure in the pipe is low, and when the water in the pipe flows out by opening the faucet, the piston 3 is at the stroke start position shown in FIG. When the faucet is closed suddenly, a sudden pressure rise occurs and the piston 3
2, the air in the spring 5 and the air chamber 7 is compressed, and the piston 3 reaches the stroke end position. At this time, the water in the pipe passes through the through hole 6
Through which the pressure rise is absorbed and the water hammer phenomenon is avoided. 3 to 4 show a case where the hydrodynamic pressure in the pipe is considerably high, and the piston 3 is at a position approximately in the middle of the stroke in FIG. 3 during use.
When the faucet is suddenly closed and a sudden increase in pressure occurs, the piston 3 may reach the stroke end position shown in FIG. In this way, when the hydrodynamic pressure is high, the space generated by the close contact length of the spring 5 is provided with the adjusting screw 8
The volume change rate of the air chamber 7 is increased by filling it with the columnar portion 44.
【００１２】図５は、空気室７にアジャストスクリュー
８を挿入し、挿入部分の容積Ｖx を０〜９ccまで３段階
に分けたとき及び水撃吸収器がないときの動水圧と最大
水撃圧との関係について、試験した結果を示す。試験の
条件としては、Ｖ0 ＝16.1cc、Ｖ1 ＝5.3cc 、スプリン
グ荷重＝8.8 Kgf 、シリンダ直径＝25mmとした。そし
て、給水管に毎分20リットルの水を流し、そのとき給水
管の内壁に作用する圧力を動水圧と称し、動水圧を図５
の横軸にとった。次に水栓を急閉するとき、給水管の内
壁に作用する圧力の最大値を最大水撃圧と称し、最大水
撃圧を図５の縦軸にとった。試験結果は図５に示すよう
に、従来の空気室７の容積一定の水撃吸収器を使用した
ときと比較して、アジャストスクリュー８を挿入して空
気室７の容積を可変としたときは、動水圧が約０．２Ｍ
ｐａ以上の範囲で最大水撃圧が低下した。FIG. 5 shows the dynamic water pressure and the maximum water hammer pressure when the adjusting screw 8 is inserted into the air chamber 7 and the volume Vx of the insertion portion is divided into three stages from 0 to 9 cc and when there is no water hammer absorber. The results of the tests are shown below. The test conditions were V 0 = 16.1 cc, V 1 = 5.3 cc, spring load = 8.8 Kgf, and cylinder diameter = 25 mm. Then, 20 liters of water is made to flow through the water supply pipe every minute, and the pressure acting on the inner wall of the water supply pipe at that time is called the hydraulic pressure.
I took it on the horizontal axis. Next, when the faucet was rapidly closed, the maximum value of the pressure acting on the inner wall of the water supply pipe was called the maximum water hammer pressure, and the maximum water hammer pressure was taken on the vertical axis of FIG. As shown in FIG. 5, the test results show that when the volume of the air chamber 7 is made variable by inserting the adjusting screw 8 as compared with the conventional water hammer absorber having a constant volume of the air chamber 7. , Hydraulic pressure is about 0.2M
The maximum water hammer pressure decreased in the range above pa.
【００１３】[0013]
【発明の効果】本発明では、アジャストスクリューを回
転してアジャストスクリューを前後に移動すること等に
より、水撃吸収器の空気室の容積を増減可能とした。従
って、アジャストスクリューの回転等により、空気室の
容積を簡単に増減でき、水撃吸収器に連通される配管中
の流体の動水圧が高い場合でも低い場合でも、スプリン
グを取り替えることなく、効率の良い水撃吸収性能を発
揮できる。本発明では、シリンダの後端部にプラグが螺
合され、プラグの中央孔内にアジャストスクリューの円
柱部が摺動自在かつ気密に嵌合され、アジャストスクリ
ューの頭部外周の雄ネジ部がプラグのネジ孔に螺合さ
れ、頭部の後端面に凹溝が形成されている。従って、ア
ジャストスクリューの頭部の後端面に形成された凹溝に
ドライバー等の先端部を嵌合して、アジャストスクリュ
ーを回転させることによりアジャストスクリューを前後
に移動させ、空気室の容積を簡単に増減させることがで
きる。According to the present invention, the volume of the air chamber of the water hammer absorber can be increased or decreased by rotating the adjusting screw to move the adjusting screw back and forth. Therefore, the volume of the air chamber can be easily increased or decreased by rotating the adjusting screw, etc., and the efficiency can be improved without replacing the spring regardless of whether the hydraulic pressure of the fluid in the pipe communicating with the water hammer absorber is high or low. Can exhibit good water hammer absorption performance. In the present invention, the plug is screwed into the rear end of the cylinder, the cylindrical portion of the adjusting screw is slidably and airtightly fitted in the central hole of the plug, and the male screw portion on the outer periphery of the head of the adjusting screw is plugged. And a recessed groove is formed in the rear end surface of the head. Therefore, fit the tip of a screwdriver, etc. into the groove formed on the rear end surface of the head of the adjusting screw, and rotate the adjusting screw to move the adjusting screw back and forth, which simplifies the volume of the air chamber. Can be increased or decreased.
【図１】本発明の水撃吸収器の実施例を示す断面図であ
る。FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a water hammer absorber of the present invention.
【図２】本発明の水撃吸収器の実施例を示す断面図であ
る。FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of the water hammer absorber of the present invention.
【図３】本発明の水撃吸収器の実施例を示す断面図であ
る。FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of the water hammer absorber of the present invention.
【図４】本発明の水撃吸収器の実施例を示す断面図であ
る。FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of the water hammer absorber of the present invention.
【図５】本発明の水撃吸収器の実施例の試験結果を示す
図である。FIG. 5 is a diagram showing test results of an embodiment of the water hammer absorber of the present invention.
【図６】水撃吸収器の使用状態を示す概略図である。FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing a usage state of the water hammer absorber.
【図７】従来の水撃吸収器を示す断面図である。FIG. 7 is a sectional view showing a conventional water hammer absorber.
１ 水撃吸収器 ２ シリンダ ３ ピストン ５ スプリング ６ 通孔 ７ 空気室 ８ アジャストスクリュー 44 円柱部 1 water hammer absorber 2 cylinders 3 pistons 5 springs 6 through holes 7 air chamber 8 Adjust screw 44 Column
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7，ＤＢ名) F16L 55/02 - 55/045 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (58) Fields surveyed (Int.Cl. 7 , DB name) F16L 55/02-55/045
Claims (3)
密に嵌合され、ピストンをシリンダの前端に向かって付
勢するようにスプリングが配設され、シリンダ内でスプ
リングの配設されたピストンの内側を密封された空気室
となし、ピストンの外側の受圧面を通孔を通して配管に
連通させるようにした水撃吸収器において、空気室の容
積を増減可能としたことを特徴とする水撃吸収器。1. A piston is slidably and airtightly fitted in a cylinder, and a spring is arranged so as to urge the piston toward the front end of the cylinder. In a water hammer absorber in which the inside is a sealed air chamber and the pressure receiving surface on the outside of the piston is in communication with the pipe through a hole, the water hammer absorption is characterized in that the volume of the air chamber can be increased or decreased. vessel.
円柱部が進退可能に配設され、アジャストスクリューを
回転させることによりアジャストスクリューが前後に移
動するようにされた請求項１記載の水撃吸収器。2. The water hammer absorber according to claim 1, wherein a cylindrical portion of the adjusting screw is arranged so as to be able to move forward and backward with respect to the air chamber, and the adjusting screw is moved back and forth by rotating the adjusting screw. .
的に連設され、円筒状接続部の内面に通孔が形成され、
シリンダの後端部にプラグが螺合され、プラグの円筒部
とシリンダとが摺動自在かつ気密に嵌合され、プラグの
中央段部とピストンとの間にスプリングが介装され、プ
ラグの内部に前方から順に中央孔とネジ孔とが連設さ
れ、中央孔内にアジャストスクリューの円柱部が摺動自
在かつ気密に嵌合され、アジャストスクリューの頭部外
周の雄ネジ部がプラグのネジ孔に螺合され、頭部の後端
面に凹溝が形成され、アジャストスクリューを回転させ
ることによりアジャストスクリューが前後に移動するよ
うにされた請求項１記載の水撃吸収器。3. A cylinder-shaped connecting portion is integrally connected to a front end portion of a cylinder, and a through hole is formed on an inner surface of the cylinder-shaped connecting portion.
The plug is screwed to the rear end of the cylinder, the cylindrical part of the plug and the cylinder are slidably and airtightly fitted, and the spring is interposed between the central step part of the plug and the piston. From the front, a central hole and a screw hole are provided in series, and the cylindrical portion of the adjust screw is slidably and airtightly fitted in the central hole, and the male screw portion on the outer periphery of the head of the adjust screw is the screw hole of the plug. The water hammer absorber according to claim 1, wherein the water hammer absorber is screwed into the head, a recessed groove is formed in the rear end surface of the head, and the adjust screw is moved back and forth by rotating the adjust screw.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP20156294A JP3375428B2 (en) | 1994-08-04 | 1994-08-04 | Water hammer absorber |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP20156294A JP3375428B2 (en) | 1994-08-04 | 1994-08-04 | Water hammer absorber |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0842778A JPH0842778A (en) | 1996-02-16 |
| JP3375428B2 true JP3375428B2 (en) | 2003-02-10 |
Family
ID=16443116
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP20156294A Expired - Lifetime JP3375428B2 (en) | 1994-08-04 | 1994-08-04 | Water hammer absorber |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3375428B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5956960B2 (en) * | 2013-07-30 | 2016-07-27 | 株式会社コガネイ | Pulsation prevention device |
| TWI748874B (en) * | 2021-02-19 | 2021-12-01 | 艾克富國際企業有限公司 | Trunk line type water hammer absorber |
| CN116200248B (en) * | 2023-01-29 | 2024-03-26 | 四川农业大学 | High-precision manual embryo picking device |
-
1994
- 1994-08-04 JP JP20156294A patent/JP3375428B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0842778A (en) | 1996-02-16 |
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