JP3372448B2 - Soft ground landing type breakwater and its landing method - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a soft ground - bearing breakwater suitable for construction on a seabed composed of soft ground and a breakwater.
Regarding the bottoming method .

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, for example, construction of bottom-type breakwaters has been seen in sea areas of soft ground such as harbors. 5 is a perspective view of a conventional breakwater for soft ground, FIG. 6 is an end view of another conventional breakwater for soft ground, FIG.
FIG. 7 is a front view of the conventional breakwater for soft ground of FIG. 6.

First, referring to FIG. 5, in constructing a conventional breakwater for soft ground, a plurality of piles 23 are driven into the soft ground g above the rock mass g ₀ below the sea surface S at intervals, and then, The bottom plate 2 in a state in which the bank wall 22 is reinforced by a plurality of reinforcing members 24 and erected on the upper surface of the bottom plate 21.
After bottom landing one on soft ground g, and coupling a top portion 23a and the bottom plate 21 of the pre-implanted's pile body 23, the construction of soft ground for breakwaters. After some stomach to bottom landing to the bottom plate 21 is first on soft ground g, implanted Kuitai 23 from the upper surface side of the bottom plate 21, by combining a bottom plate 21 and Kuitai 23 constructing the soft ground for breakwaters.

The conventional breakwater for soft ground shown in FIG.
The external force acting in the horizontal direction by the waves is determined by the adhesive force between the lower surface of the bottom plate 21 and the surface layer of the soft ground g on the viscous ground, and the pile body 23.
It is a structure supported by the lateral resistance of the. Conventional soft ground for breakwaters Therefore Figure 5, lighter structures than the normal length pile breakwater and gravity breakwater, also, there is an advantage such that ground improvement is not required. However, in the conventional breakwater for soft ground shown in FIG. 5, when the pile body 23 is driven, the soft ground layer collapses and the ground strength and the pile body 23.
Since the lateral resistance of the pile becomes weaker and the wave external force acting on the breakwater becomes larger, the size of the pile body 23 is increased and the pile body 2 is increased.
It is necessary to lengthen the rooting length of 3 and further the pile body 23
The underwater work such as the work of connecting the bottom plate 21 with the bottom plate 21 increases, and the flow of seawater is blocked by the bank wall 22, which deteriorates the water quality.

A curtain wall type breakwater is also known as a breakwater for soft ground, which is constructed in a sea area composed of soft ground in a harbor or the like. 6 and 7, in constructing a conventional breakwater for soft ground on the soft ground g below the sea surface S , first, the soft ground g
Inside, a plurality of long piles 33 are arranged in two rows with a space between each other, and are driven into opposite positions. Next, the upper ends of all the long piles 33 are connected to the connecting member 34 to be integrated with each other. After that, the curtain wall 31 as a bank wall is attached so as to cover the entire upper side of each long pile 33 in one row of the long piles 33, for example, the left row in the case of FIG. Construction of a breakwater for soft ground at

The above-mentioned conventional curtain wall type breakwater is
It has the advantage that the structure is relatively simple and the weight of the steel used is reduced. However, in the conventional curtain wall type breakwater, the wave external force acting on the curtain wall 31 as the bank wall is supported by the lateral resistance of the long pile 33 driven into the soft ground g. It is necessary to make the root insertion length l (El) sufficiently large, which requires a long time for the pile driving work, and
The connection work for connecting the long piles 33 and the connection member 34, the sea work such as the installation work of the curtain wall 31, and the underwater work are significantly increased.

[0007]

Therefore, the present invention eliminates the work of driving piles in the installation area, and as a result, the soft ground layer collapses due to the driving of the piles, and the ground strength and the lateral strength of the piles are reduced. It is possible to prevent weakening of the resistance force, and even if the wave external force acting on the breakwater is large, it is not necessary to increase the dimension of the pile body and make the rooting length of the pile body particularly long. In addition, preventing the deterioration of water quality by blocking the circulation of seawater by the bank wall, pile work at sea, joining work to connect the pile body and bottom plate, and long piles. connecting operation and connecting the connecting member and the sea work or underwater operations with the risk of mounting work or the like of the curtain wall to be able that largely eliminated, so it is possible to simplify the whole structure, As a result, used steel materials, etc. Which make it possible to make savings in materials used, is intended to provide a soft ground-grounding breakwater and bottom landing methods.

[0008]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a soft ground bottom breakwater of the present invention has a bottom plate bottomed on the soft ground, and the bottom plate of the same has the bottom plate. The levee wall is supported via a support member at a distance from the top surface of the bottom plate so that a seawater flow passage is formed between the bottom plate and the top surface, and the bottom surface of the bottom plate is supported by the total weight of the breakwater. A pile body for bottoming the bottom plate on the soft ground in a state of being pushed into the soft ground is provided so as to project downward, and is supported by the support member and the upper part.
It is characterized in that the joint with the bottom plate is reinforced by a reinforcing material .

Further, the landing of the soft ground bottom type breakwater of the present invention
The bottom method is seawater between the top surface of the bottom plate and the top surface of the bottom plate.
Spaced from the top of the bottom plate to form a flow passage
The bottom wall of the bottom plate by supporting the bank wall via a support material.
And piles pushed into soft ground due to the total weight of the breakwater.
The body is projected to reinforce the joint between the support and the bottom plate.
Reinforce the material with a soft ground bottom breakwater
Prefabricated, the soft ground bottom type breakwater
After transporting to the sea area, the soft ground landing type breakwater is under water.
Then, the pile body is waved to the soft ground.
By being pushed into the soft ground only by the weight of the bank
The bottom surface of the bottom plate contacts the surface layer of the soft ground and
The above-mentioned soft ground bottom type breakwater
The feature is that the installation work to the place is completed.

[0010]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 is a front view of a soft ground bottom breakwater according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an end view of the soft ground bottom breakwater according to the embodiment of FIG. 1, and FIG. 2 is an end view of the soft ground bottom breakwater according to the second embodiment, and FIG. 4 is a front view of the soft ground bottom breakwater according to the second embodiment of FIG.

First, in FIGS. 1 and 2, a bottom plate 1 having a predetermined width and length, and a length substantially corresponding to the bottom plate 1, above the bottom plate 1, its lower surface and the upper surface of the bottom plate 1. And a bank wall 2 supported vertically to the bottom plate 1 by a plurality of support members 4 projecting obliquely from the bottom plate 1 in a state in which a predetermined space a is provided between them. The bottom plate 1 has a plurality of piles 3 which are provided on the lower surface side of the bottom plate 1 so as to be spaced apart from each other and project vertically downward with respect to the bottom plate 1.
As the shape of the pile body 3, a hollow or solid round bar shape,
Flat plate, square plate shape, but may be an H-shaped or other shapes, in order to increase the lateral resistance force raw Ji that between the soft ground layer, be a possible large surface area shapes Is desirable.

The mating portion of the supporting member 4 with the bank wall 2 is reinforced by the reinforcing member 5 via the doubling 8 , and the bottom plate 1
The connecting portion with and is reinforced by the reinforcing member 6 through the doubling 9, and the supporting members 4 are mutually connected and reinforced by the reinforcing member 7 so that a structure capable of withstanding the horizontal wave force acting on the bank wall 2 is obtained. Has become. Further, the pile body 3 has a short dimension.

The soft ground bottom breakwater shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is manufactured in advance as an integral set at a factory or at an outfitting quay. When installing in the sea area, the main body of the soft ground bottom breakwater is transported to the specified sea area by a barge, then lifted by a crane ship and gradually lowered to the installation site. Then, the piles 3 are first pushed into the soft ground g below the sea surface S by the weight of the breakwater, and then the entire lower surface of the bottom plate 1 contacts the surface layer of the soft ground g, and the bottoming is completed. In this way, the required number of breakwaters are installed adjacent to each other by the same procedure, and the breakwaters are constructed by connecting them to each other.

In the soft ground bottom type breakwater shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the horizontal wave force transmitted from the bank wall 2 to the bottom plate 1 through the support member 4 is generated between the lower surface of the bottom plate 1 and the soft ground g. and adhesion between the surface layer, but is supported by the raw Ji <br/> key next resistance between Kuitai 3 and soft ground layer, this time, the upper surface of the lower surface of Tsutsumikabe 2 and the bottom plate 1 Since a space a is formed between the horizontal wall and the horizontal wall, the horizontal wave force acting on the bank wall 2 is reduced accordingly. Further, since the spacing a portion can be circulated constantly from one side of the sea water alternately to the other side, deterioration of water quality in the port is eliminated, an improved marine environment, or are created.

The soft ground bottom breakwater shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is manufactured as an integral set, transported to the installation sea area, and lowered by a crane ship or the like, whereby the pile body 3 is set on the soft ground bottom. The breakwater is gradually pushed into the soft ground by its own weight, and the bottom plate 1 bottoms on the surface layer of the soft ground g, so that the installation of the soft ground bottom breakwater is completed, and the soft ground layer collapses. It also eliminates the need for underwater work. The pile body 3 may have a short dimension, and since the entire pile body 3 is constructed as an integral structure, the entire soft ground bottom breakwater is made compact and the weight of the steel material used is reduced. Furthermore, the pile wall 2 and the bottom plate 1 are Since a space is formed between the two, the horizontal wave force is reduced, and since seawater alternately flows through this space a from one side to the other side, deterioration of water quality is prevented, and a conventional breakwater is provided. In comparison, the marine environment is much improved or a good marine environment is created.

FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 show another embodiment of the present invention, which is a breakwater with a soft ground having a curtain wall. 3 and 4, soft ground-grounding breakwater includes a bottom plate 12 having a predetermined width and length, having a predetermined length, are arranged in two rows at intervals bottom plate 12 on <br /> a plurality of support members 13 provided upright to face each other, a connecting member 14 which is integrally coupled to an upper end coupled to one another of each support member 13, approximately a length corresponding to the bottom plate 12 and a predetermined width And a curtain wall 11 attached to each supporting member 13 and the connecting member 14 so as to cover the entire upper surface of each supporting member 13 in one row of the supporting members 13, for example, the left side row in FIG. The bottom plate 12 has a plurality of plate-shaped piles 15 projecting downward at a predetermined interval from each other on the lower surface side of the bottom plate 12.

The joint portion of the support member 13 with the bottom plate 12 is reinforced by a reinforcement member 16 so as to withstand the wave external force acting on the curtain wall 11, and the opposing support members 13 have a narrow upper space. Slightly tilted to bottom plate 1
The plate-shaped pile body 15 is erected on the top of the sheet 2, and is composed of a relatively short size sheet pile or flat plate.

The soft ground bottom breakwater shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 is used as a support material 1 in advance at a factory or an outfitting quay.
3, the upper structure on the upper side of the bottom plate 12 including the curtain wall 11 and the connecting member 14 and the lower structure on the lower side of the bottom plate 12 including the plate-shaped piles 15 are integrally assembled. When installing in the installation sea area, the main body of this integrated soft ground bottom breakwater is transported to the installation sea area by a barge, then lifted up using a crane ship, and then gradually descended into the sea. Then, first, the plate pile 15 is pushed into the soft ground g below the sea surface S by the weight of the soft ground bottom breakwater, and then the entire lower surface of the bottom plate 12 is soft ground g.
The soft landing bottom ends by contacting the surface layer of. In this way, the required number of main bodies of the soft ground bottom type breakwater are installed adjacent to each other by the same procedure, and the main bodies of the soft ground bottom type breakwater are connected to each other to complete the construction of the breakwater.

In the soft ground bottom type breakwater provided with the curtain wall shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the curtain wall 11 exerts the wave preventing effect, and the wave external force acting at that time is exerted by the bottom plate 12 and the soft ground g. Since it is supported by the adhesive force between the plate pile 15 and the lateral resistance of the plate pile 15 inserted in the soft ground g, the insertion length l (L) of the plate pile 15 is small. Completed, therefore plate pile 15
The plate size is small, and the structure can be lightened accordingly. Further, since seawater can freely flow from one side to the other side between the support members 13 below the mounting position of the curtain wall 11, deterioration of water quality in the port can be prevented. As a result, the marine environment is much improved or a good marine environment is created, as compared with the case of the conventional breakwater.

In the soft ground bottom breakwater shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the upper structure and the lower structure are previously assembled together, and then they are transported to the installation sea area and lowered into the sea by using a crane ship. , The plate piles are gradually pushed into the soft ground by the weight of the soft ground bottom breakwater, and the bottom plate 12 softly bottoms on the soft ground, whereby the installation of the main body of the soft ground bottom breakwater is completed. Because
It eliminates the conventional work such as pile driving and curtain wall mounting work, which significantly reduces the work at sea and underwater. In addition, wave external force is applied to the lower surface of the bottom plate 12 and the soft ground g.
Since it is supported by the adhesive force between the surface layer and the lateral resistance of the plate-shaped pile body 15, a short plate can be used as the plate-shaped pile body 15, and the material used can be reduced accordingly. The weight can be reduced.

[0021]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION (1) According to the soft ground bottom breakwater of the present invention, it has a bottom plate bottomed on the soft ground, and on the upper surface side of the bottom plate, between the upper surface and the upper surface of the bottom plate. The levee wall was supported via a support material at a distance from the top surface of the bottom plate so that a seawater flow passage was formed, and the bottom surface side of the bottom plate was pushed into the soft ground by the total weight of the breakwater. In the state, the pile body for bottoming the bottom plate on the soft ground is projected downward, and the connecting portion between the support member and the bottom plate serves as a reinforcing member.
Because they are more reinforced, can that eliminates the droplet設作industry pile body at the installation sea area, as a result, weak lateral resistance of the bearing capacity and pile body and collapsing soft ground layer by pouring the pile body prevents that becomes even therefore large waves external force acting on the breakwater, it is not necessary to particularly increase the size of the pile body, and piles of the be short roots insertion length of the pile body, further installation waters Horizontal wave force is reduced by the fact that the work of connecting with the bottom plate is unnecessary and the bank wall is supported at a distance from the top plate of the bottom plate so that a seawater flow passage is formed between the bottom plate and the top plate. At the same time, the flow of seawater is not obstructed by the bank wall, and as a result, the deterioration of water quality due to the obstruction of the flow of seawater can be prevented in advance. Joining work to join the bottom plate with the bottom plate Dangerous sea work and underwater work can be largely eliminated, the entire structure can be made compact and simplified, and as a result, it is possible to reduce the use of materials such as steel used ( Claim 1). (2) Further, the method of bottoming a soft ground bottomed type breakwater of the present invention
According to the top plate of the bottom plate, seawater between the top plate of the bottom plate and
Spaced from the top of the bottom plate to form a flow passage
The bottom wall of the bottom plate by supporting the bank wall via a support material.
And piles pushed into soft ground due to the total weight of the breakwater.
The body is projected to reinforce the joint between the support and the bottom plate.
Reinforce the material with a soft ground bottom breakwater
Prefabricated, the soft ground bottom type breakwater
After transporting to the sea area, the soft ground landing type breakwater is under water.
Then, the pile body is waved to the soft ground.
By being pushed into the soft ground only by the weight of the bank
The bottom surface of the bottom plate contacts the surface layer of the soft ground and
The above-mentioned soft ground bottom type breakwater
Since the completion of the installation work to the place, it is possible that eliminate the droplet設作industry of the pile body in the installation sea area, as a result, the lateral resistance of the soft soil layer by pouring of the pile body is collapsed bearing capacity and pile body prevents that the force is weakened, even therefore large waves external force acting on the breakwater, it is not necessary to particularly increase the size of the pile body, be short roots insertion length of the pile body, further installation of the waters Horizontal waves are not required because the pile wall and bottom plate are not required to be joined and the bank wall is supported at a distance from the top surface of the bottom plate so that a seawater flow passage is formed between the pile plate and the bottom plate. In addition to reducing the force, the flow of seawater is not blocked by the bank wall, and as a result, deterioration of water quality due to the blockage of seawater can be prevented. , Connecting to connect pile body and bottom plate Marine work and underwater work that are dangerous for work can be significantly eliminated, and the overall structure can be made compact and simple, resulting in the reduction of steel materials and other materials used. (Claim 2)

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of a soft ground bottom breakwater according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an end view of a soft ground bottom breakwater according to the embodiment of FIG.

FIG. 3 is an end view of a soft ground bottom breakwater according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a front view of a soft ground bottom breakwater according to the second embodiment of FIG.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a conventional breakwater with soft ground.

FIG. 6 is an end view of another conventional breakwater with soft ground bottom.

FIG. 7 is a front view of the conventional soft ground bottom breakwater of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Bottom plate 2 Bank wall 3 Pile body 4 Support material 5,6,7 Reinforcement material 8,9 Doubling 11 Curtain wall as a bank wall 12 Bottom plate 13 Support material 14 Connecting material 15 Plate-shaped pile body 16 Reinforcement material 21 Bottom plate 22 Bank wall 23 pile body 23a pile top 24 reinforcement material 31 curtain wall as a bank wall 33 long pile 34 connecting material a spacing g soft ground g ₀ bedrock s sea surface

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (56) References Japanese Patent Publication No. 3-46606 (JP, B2) Japanese Patent Publication No. 61-32457 (JP, B2) Utility model registration 2503854 (JP, Y2) (58) Fields investigated (58) Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) E02B 3/06 301

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A bottom plate which is bottomed on soft ground, and is spaced from the top face of the bottom plate so that a seawater flow passage is formed between the bottom plate and the top face of the bottom plate. The levee wall is supported by a support material, and the bottom surface of the bottom plate is a pile for bottoming the bottom plate on the soft ground while being pushed into the soft ground by the total weight of the breakwater. Are projected downward, and the connecting portion between the support and the bottom plate is supplemented.
A breakwater with a soft ground, characterized by being reinforced by strong materials . 2. Between the upper surface of the bottom plate and the upper surface of the bottom plate
Space from the top of the bottom plate to form a seawater flow passage.
Place and support the bank wall through the support material, and the bottom surface of the bottom plate
Side is pushed into the soft ground by the total weight of the breakwater
Project the piles and supplement the joint between the support and the bottom plate.
Reinforced by strong materials, soft ground bottom type breakwater
Is manufactured in advance, and the soft ground bottom type breakwater is specified.
After transporting to the sea area, the soft ground bottom breakwater
The pile body is lowered to prevent the soft ground bottom type
It will be pushed into the soft ground only by the weight of the breakwater.
Therefore, the bottom surface of the bottom plate is in contact with the surface layer of the soft ground to attach it.
Installed the above-mentioned soft ground bottom type breakwater in a bottomed state
Soft ground, characterized by finishing installation work in place
Board bottom method of bottom breakwater.