JP3370193B2 - Optical multiplexer / demultiplexer and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Optical multiplexer / demultiplexer and manufacturing method thereofInfo
- Publication number
- JP3370193B2 JP3370193B2 JP26721694A JP26721694A JP3370193B2 JP 3370193 B2 JP3370193 B2 JP 3370193B2 JP 26721694 A JP26721694 A JP 26721694A JP 26721694 A JP26721694 A JP 26721694A JP 3370193 B2 JP3370193 B2 JP 3370193B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- diffraction grating
- optical
- lens barrel
- spherical surface
- holder
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、光通信における波長分
割多重伝送システム及びその装置に用いる光合分波器及
びその製造方法に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a wavelength division multiplexing transmission system in optical communication, an optical multiplexer / demultiplexer used in the apparatus, and a method of manufacturing the same.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】光通信において、多チャンネルの信号を
１本のファイバで伝送する波長多重光伝送方式が知られ
ている。波長多重光伝送方式とは、光合波器により各チ
ャンネルの信号をそれぞれ波長の異なる光で波長多重
し、送信側より１本のファイバで受信側に伝送し、受信
側では光分波器により多重伝送された光を各波長ごとに
分離し、再生するものである。一般に、光合分波器の波
長分離素子として、干渉膜フィルター、回折格子、光導
波路等が用いられている。特に、送信信号光を数ナノメ
ーター間隔で波長多重する高密度波長多重伝送には、分
解能の高い回折格子が使用され、光ファイバやレンズ等
と組み合わされ、光合分波器が構成されている。2. Description of the Related Art In optical communication, a wavelength division multiplexing optical transmission system for transmitting multi-channel signals through a single fiber is known. The wavelength division multiplexing optical transmission system is that the signal of each channel is wavelength-multiplexed by the optical multiplexer with the light of different wavelengths, transmitted from the transmitting side to the receiving side with one fiber, and the receiving side multiplexes with the optical demultiplexer. The transmitted light is separated and regenerated for each wavelength. Generally, an interference film filter, a diffraction grating, an optical waveguide, etc. are used as a wavelength separation element of an optical multiplexer / demultiplexer. In particular, for high-density wavelength-division multiplex transmission in which transmission signal light is wavelength-multiplexed at intervals of several nanometers, a diffraction grating with high resolution is used, and an optical multiplexer / demultiplexer is configured by combining it with an optical fiber or a lens.
【０００３】波長多重光伝送方式において、従来より用
いられている光合分波器を図１０及び図１１を参照しつ
つ説明する。光分波器として使用する場合、図１０に示
すように、例えば３チャンネルの信号をそれぞれ異なる
波長λ1、λ2、λ3で波長多重し、光入力光ファイバ１
を介して伝送する。波長多重光はコリメートレンズ６に
より回折格子５に照射される。回折格子５は、各波長λ
1、λ2、λ3に応じてそれぞれ異なった方向に入射光を
分離（回折）し、反射する。各波長λ1、λ2、λ3に応
じた回折方向には、それぞれコリメートレンズ７、８、
９及び出力光ファイバ２、３、４が設けられており、波
長分離された光λ1、λ2、λ3はそれぞれ異なった光フ
ァイバ２、３、４中を伝送される。一方、光合波器とし
て使用する場合、この逆の原理で波長多重される。ま
た、図１１に示す従来の光合分波器では、装置の小型、
高密度化を図るため、コリメートレンズとして１個の屈
折率分布型レンズ１０を使用している。An optical multiplexer / demultiplexer conventionally used in a wavelength division multiplexing optical transmission system will be described with reference to FIGS. 10 and 11. When used as an optical demultiplexer, as shown in FIG. 10, for example, signals of three channels are wavelength-multiplexed with different wavelengths λ1, λ2, and λ3, respectively.
To transmit through. The wavelength multiplexed light is applied to the diffraction grating 5 by the collimator lens 6. The diffraction grating 5 has each wavelength λ
Incident light is separated (diffracted) in different directions according to 1, λ2, and λ3 and reflected. Collimating lenses 7, 8 and 8, respectively, in the diffraction directions corresponding to the respective wavelengths λ1, λ2 and λ3.
9 and output optical fibers 2, 3, and 4 are provided, and the wavelength-separated lights λ1, λ2, and λ3 are transmitted through different optical fibers 2, 3, and 4, respectively. On the other hand, when it is used as an optical multiplexer, wavelength multiplexing is carried out according to the reverse principle. Moreover, in the conventional optical multiplexer / demultiplexer shown in FIG.
In order to achieve high density, one gradient index lens 10 is used as a collimator lens.
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】上記従来の回折格子を
用いた光合分波器では、回折格子による光の分散方向と
光ファイバの配列とを一致させなければならない。その
ため、回折格子５の回転Ａ、傾き角Ｂ、Ｃの３つを調整
し、その位置で回折格子５を安定させ、固定しなければ
ならないという問題点を有していた。また、回折格子を
用いた光合分波器は非常に高い分解能を有するが、逆
に、わずかな光軸のずれや設定誤差により、損失が増加
したり、合波および分波する波長がずれてしまう。その
ため、屈折率分布レンズに光ファイバや回折格子を張り
合わせたり、平面基台上に各部品を調整し接着すること
が行われている。この場合、各部品の位置や角度調整が
困難であり、調整後も安定しにくいという問題点を有し
ていた。さらに、各部品を高精度で固定できない場合、
波長設定精度が低下し、損失が増大するという問題点を
派生していた。In the conventional optical multiplexer / demultiplexer using the diffraction grating, the direction of light dispersion by the diffraction grating and the arrangement of the optical fibers must be matched. Therefore, there is a problem that the rotation A of the diffraction grating 5 and the three inclination angles B and C must be adjusted to stabilize and fix the diffraction grating 5 at that position. An optical multiplexer / demultiplexer using a diffraction grating has a very high resolution, but conversely, a slight shift in the optical axis or a setting error may cause an increase in loss or a shift in the wavelengths for multiplexing and demultiplexing. I will end up. Therefore, an optical fiber or a diffraction grating is bonded to the gradient index lens, or each component is adjusted and bonded on a flat base. In this case, it is difficult to adjust the position and angle of each component, and it is difficult to stabilize the position after adjustment. Furthermore, if each part cannot be fixed with high accuracy,
There was a problem that the wavelength setting accuracy decreased and the loss increased.
【０００５】本発明は上記従来の光合分波器の問題点を
解決するためになされたものであり、組立て、調整及び
固定の容易な光合分波器及びその製造方法を提供するこ
とを目的とする。The present invention has been made to solve the above problems of the conventional optical multiplexer / demultiplexer, and an object thereof is to provide an optical multiplexer / demultiplexer which is easy to assemble, adjust, and fix, and a manufacturing method thereof. To do.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記目的を達成するた
め、本発明の光合分波器は、波長多重光信号及び波長の
異なる複数の光信号を入出力するための複数の光ファイ
バと、前記光ファイバにより伝送された波長多重光信号
をそれぞれの波長の光信号に分離し又は複数の光信号を
波長多重させる平面直線回折格子と、前記光ファイバに
より入出力される光信号を前記回折格子にコリメートす
るコリメートレンズと、前記ファイバー及び前記コリメ
ートレンズを保持し、前記回折格子側の端部に凹状の略
球面を有する鏡筒と、前記回折格子を保持するための取
付け面と、前記取付け面の反対側に形成され前記鏡筒の
凹状の略球面と係合するための凸状の略球面を有する回
折格子ホルダとを具備し、 前記回折格子ホルダの略球面
の曲率中心付近に前記回折格子の中心を配置し、 前記回
折格子の中心を入射光軸上に配置したものである。 In order to achieve the above object, an optical multiplexer / demultiplexer according to the present invention comprises a plurality of optical fibers for inputting and outputting a wavelength division multiplexed optical signal and a plurality of optical signals having different wavelengths. A plane linear diffraction grating for separating a wavelength-multiplexed optical signal transmitted by an optical fiber into optical signals of respective wavelengths or wavelength-multiplexing a plurality of optical signals, and an optical signal input / output by the optical fiber to the diffraction grating A collimating lens for collimating, a lens barrel that holds the fiber and the collimating lens, and has a concave substantially spherical surface at an end on the diffraction grating side, a mounting surface for holding the diffraction grating, and a mounting surface of the mounting surface. ; and a diffraction grating holder having a convex substantially spherical surface for formed opposite substantially spherical surface engages the concave of the lens barrel, a substantially spherical surface of the diffraction grating holder
The center of the diffraction grating is arranged near the center of curvature of the times
The center of the folded grating is arranged on the incident optical axis.
【０００７】また、本発明の別の光合分波器は、波長多
重光信号及び波長の異なる複数の光信号を入出力するた
めの複数の光ファイバと、前記光ファイバにより伝送さ
れた波長多重光信号をそれぞれの波長の光信号に分離し
又は複数の光信号を波長多重させる平面直線回折格子
と、前記光ファイバにより入出力される光信号を前記回
折格子にコリメートするコリメートレンズと、前記ファ
イバー及び前記コリメートレンズを保持し、前記回折格
子側の端部に凸状の略球面を有する鏡筒と、前記回折格
子を保持するための取付け面と、前記取付け面の反対側
に形成され前記鏡筒の凸状の略球面と係合するための凹
状の略球面を有する回折格子ホルダとを具備し、 前記回
折格子ホルダの略球面の曲率中心付近に前記回折格子の
中心を配置し、 前記回折格子の中心を入射光軸上に配置
したものである。 Further, another optical multiplexer / demultiplexer according to the present invention comprises a plurality of optical fibers for inputting and outputting a wavelength multiplexed optical signal and a plurality of optical signals having different wavelengths, and the wavelength multiplexed optical transmitted by the optical fiber. A plane linear diffraction grating for separating signals into optical signals of respective wavelengths or wavelength-multiplexing a plurality of optical signals; a collimating lens for collimating optical signals input / output by the optical fiber to the diffraction grating; the fiber; A lens barrel that holds the collimator lens and has a convex spherical surface at the end on the diffraction grating side, a mounting surface for holding the diffraction grating, and the lens barrel formed on the opposite side of the mounting surface. substantially comprises a diffraction grating holder having a substantially spherical concave for spherical engaging said round of convex
The diffraction grating is placed near the center of curvature of the spherical surface of the folding grating holder.
The center is placed and the center of the diffraction grating is placed on the incident optical axis.
It was done.
【０００８】本発明のさらに別の光合分波器は、波長多
重光信号及び波長の異なる複数の光信号を入出力するた
めの複数の光ファイバと、前記光ファイバにより伝送さ
れた波長多重光信号をそれぞれの波長の光信号に分離し
又は複数の光信号を波長多重させる凹面又は平面曲線回
折格子と、前記ファイバーを保持し、前記回折格子側の
端部に凹状の略球面を有する鏡筒と、前記回折格子を保
持するための取付け面と、前記取付け面の反対側に形成
され前記鏡筒の凹状の略球面と係合するための凸状の略
球面を有する回折格子ホルダとを具備し、 前記回折格子
ホルダの略球面の曲率中心付近に前記回折格子の中心を
配置し、 前記回折格子の中心を入射光軸上に配置したも
のである。 Still another optical multiplexer / demultiplexer according to the present invention comprises a plurality of optical fibers for inputting and outputting a wavelength multiplexed optical signal and a plurality of optical signals having different wavelengths, and a wavelength multiplexed optical signal transmitted by the optical fiber. A concave surface or a plane curved diffraction grating that separates the optical signals of respective wavelengths or wavelength-multiplexes a plurality of optical signals, and a lens barrel that holds the fiber and has a concave substantially spherical surface at the end of the diffraction grating side. , comprising a diffraction grating holder having a mounting surface for holding the diffraction grating, a convex substantially spherical surface for formed opposite substantially spherical surface engages the concave of the lens barrel of said mounting surface , The diffraction grating
Place the center of the diffraction grating near the center of curvature of the substantially spherical surface of the holder.
And the center of the diffraction grating is arranged on the incident optical axis.
Of.
【０００９】本発明のさらに別の光合分波器は、波長多
重光信号及び波長の異なる複数の光信号を入出力するた
めの複数の光ファイバと、前記光ファイバにより伝送さ
れた波長多重光信号をそれぞれの波長の光信号に分離し
又は複数の光信号を波長多重させる凹面又は平面曲線回
折格子と、前記ファイバーを保持し、前記回折格子側の
端部に凸状の略球面を有する鏡筒と、前記回折格子を保
持するための取付け面と、前記取付け面の反対側に形成
され前記鏡筒の凸状の略球面と係合するための凹状の略
球面を有する回折格子ホルダとを具備し、 前記回折格子
ホルダの略球面の曲率中心付近に前記回折格子の中心を
配置し、 前記回折格子の中心を入射光軸上に配置したも
のである。 Still another optical multiplexer / demultiplexer according to the present invention comprises a plurality of optical fibers for inputting and outputting a wavelength multiplexed optical signal and a plurality of optical signals having different wavelengths, and a wavelength multiplexed optical signal transmitted by the optical fiber. A concave surface or a plane curved diffraction grating for separating optical signals of respective wavelengths or wavelength-multiplexing a plurality of optical signals, and a lens barrel holding the fiber and having a convex substantially spherical surface at the end portion on the diffraction grating side. And a diffraction grating holder having a mounting surface for holding the diffraction grating and a concave substantially spherical surface formed on the opposite side of the mounting surface for engaging with the convex substantially spherical surface of the lens barrel. And the diffraction grating
Place the center of the diffraction grating near the center of curvature of the substantially spherical surface of the holder.
And the center of the diffraction grating is arranged on the incident optical axis.
Of.
【００１０】上記構成において、回折格子ホルダは開孔
を有する中空の略半球体であり、鏡筒の外部に設けられ
ていることが好ましい。または、上記構成において、回
折格子ホルダは略半球体であり、鏡筒の内部に設けられ
ていることが好ましい。上記構成において、回折格子ホ
ルダの略球面と鏡筒の略球面とが同じ曲率を有すること
が好ましい。また、上記構成において、回折格子ホルダ
を鏡筒に対して回転させ、回折格子の光軸調整を行った
後、回折格子ホルダを鏡筒に固定したことが好ましい。
また、上記構成において、光ファイバ端面を光軸に対し
て斜めに研磨し又はカットしたことが好ましい。また、
上記構成において、光ファイバ端面に反射防止膜を形成
したことが好ましい。また、上記構成において、回折格
子は、格子間隔ｄ、使用波長λ、格子溝深さｈとして、
以下の条件、
０．５＜ｄ／λ＜１．５ かつ ０．２＜ｈ／ｄ＜０．５
を満足するフーリエ回折格子であることが好ましい。In the above structure, it is preferable that the diffraction grating holder is a hollow substantially hemispherical body having an opening and is provided outside the lens barrel. Alternatively, in the above structure, the diffraction grating holder is preferably a substantially hemispherical body and is provided inside the lens barrel. In the above structure, it is preferable that the substantially spherical surface of the diffraction grating holder and the substantially spherical surface of the lens barrel have the same curvature. Further, in the above structure, it is preferable that the diffraction grating holder is fixed to the lens barrel after rotating the diffraction grating holder with respect to the lens barrel to adjust the optical axis of the diffraction grating.
In the above structure, it is preferable that the end face of the optical fiber be polished or cut obliquely with respect to the optical axis. Also,
In the above structure, it is preferable to form an antireflection film on the end face of the optical fiber. Further, in the above configuration, the diffraction grating has a grating spacing d, a used wavelength λ, and a grating groove depth h,
It is preferable that the Fourier diffraction grating satisfies the following conditions : 0.5 <d / λ <1.5 and 0.2 <h / d <0.5 .
【００１１】一方、本発明の光合分波器の製造方法は、
波長多重光信号及び波長の異なる複数の光信号を入出力
するための複数の光ファイバ及び前記光ファイバにより
入出力される光信号を回折格子にコリメートするコリメ
ートレンズを鏡筒に内部に固定し、前記光ファイバによ
り伝送された波長多重光信号をそれぞれの波長の光信号
に分離し又は複数の光信号を波長多重させるための平面
直線回折格子を回折格子ホルダの取付け面に固定し、前
記回折格子ホルダの取付け面とは反対側に設けられた凸
状の略球面を前記鏡筒の回折格子側の端部に形成された
凹状の略球面と係合させ、前記回折格子ホルダを回転さ
せ、前記平面直線回折格子の光軸調整を行い、前記回折
格子ホルダの略球面の曲率中心付近に前記平面直線回折
格子の中心を配置させ、 前記平面直線回折格子の中心を
入射光軸上に配置させ、前記平面直線回折格子の光軸調
整を行われた状態で前記回折格子ホルダと前記鏡筒とを
固定する。On the other hand, the manufacturing method of the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer of the present invention is
A plurality of optical fibers for inputting and outputting a wavelength-multiplexed optical signal and a plurality of optical signals having different wavelengths, and a collimator lens for collimating the optical signal input and output by the optical fiber to a diffraction grating are fixed inside the lens barrel, A plane linear diffraction grating for separating the wavelength-multiplexed optical signal transmitted by the optical fiber into optical signals of respective wavelengths or wavelength-multiplexing a plurality of optical signals is fixed to a mounting surface of a diffraction grating holder, and the diffraction grating The convex substantially spherical surface provided on the side opposite to the mounting surface of the holder is engaged with the concave substantially spherical surface formed at the end portion of the lens barrel on the diffraction grating side, and the diffraction grating holder is rotated. perform optical axis adjustment of the plane linear diffraction grating, the diffraction
The plane linear diffraction near the center of curvature of the substantially spherical surface of the grating holder
Place the center of the grating, and set the center of the plane linear diffraction grating
The diffraction grating holder and the lens barrel are fixed in a state where they are arranged on the incident optical axis and the optical axis of the plane linear diffraction grating is adjusted.
【００１２】また、本発明の別の光合分波器の製造方法
は、波長多重光信号及び波長の異なる複数の光信号を入
出力するための複数の光ファイバ及び前記光ファイバに
より入出力される光信号を回折格子にコリメートするコ
リメートレンズを鏡筒に内部に固定し、前記光ファイバ
により伝送された波長多重光信号をそれぞれの波長の光
信号に分離し又は複数の光信号を波長多重させるための
平面直線回折格子を回折格子ホルダの取付け面に固定
し、前記回折格子ホルダの取付け面とは反対側に設けら
れた凹状の略球面を前記鏡筒の回折格子側の端部に形成
された凸状の略球面と係合させ、前記回折格子ホルダを
回転させ、前記平面直線回折格子の光軸調整を行い、前
記回折格子ホルダの略球面の曲率中心付近に前記平面直
線回折格子の中心を配置させ、 前記平面直線回折格子の
中心を入射光軸上に配置させ、前記平面直線回折格子の
光軸調整を行われた状態で前記回折格子ホルダと前記鏡
筒とを固定する。Further, according to another method of manufacturing an optical multiplexer / demultiplexer of the present invention, a plurality of optical fibers for inputting and outputting a wavelength division multiplexed optical signal and a plurality of optical signals having different wavelengths are input and output by the optical fiber. A collimating lens for collimating an optical signal with a diffraction grating is fixed inside a lens barrel, and the wavelength-multiplexed optical signal transmitted by the optical fiber is separated into optical signals of respective wavelengths or a plurality of optical signals are wavelength-multiplexed. The plane linear diffraction grating of is fixed to the mounting surface of the diffraction grating holder, and a concave substantially spherical surface provided on the side opposite to the mounting surface of the diffraction grating holder is formed at the end of the lens barrel on the diffraction grating side. convex substantially spherical surface and engage in, the rotate the diffraction grating holder performs optical axis adjustment of the plane linear diffraction grating, before
In the vicinity of the center of curvature of the substantially spherical surface of the diffraction grating holder,
The center of the line diffraction grating is arranged, and the plane linear diffraction grating
The center is disposed on the incident optical axis, and the diffraction grating holder and the lens barrel are fixed with the optical axis of the plane linear diffraction grating adjusted.
【００１３】本発明のさらに別の光合分波器の製造方法
は、波長多重光信号及び波長の異なる複数の光信号を入
出力するための複数の光ファイバを鏡筒に内部に固定
し、前記光ファイバにより伝送された波長多重光信号を
それぞれの波長の光信号に分離し又は複数の光信号を波
長多重させるための凹面又は平面曲線回折格子を回折格
子ホルダの取付け面に固定し、前記回折格子ホルダの取
付け面とは反対側に設けられた凸状の略球面を前記鏡筒
の回折格子側の端部に形成された凹状の略球面と係合さ
せ、前記回折格子ホルダを回転させ、前記凹面又は平面
曲線回折格子の光軸調整を行い、前記回折格子ホルダの
略球面の曲率中心付近に前記凹面又は平面曲線回折格子
の中心を配置させ、 前記凹面又は平面曲線回折格子の中
心を入射光軸上に配置させ、前記凹面又は平面曲線回折
格子の光軸調整を行われた状態で前記回折格子ホルダと
前記鏡筒とを固定する。In still another method of manufacturing an optical multiplexer / demultiplexer according to the present invention, a plurality of optical fibers for inputting and outputting a wavelength division multiplexed optical signal and a plurality of optical signals having different wavelengths are fixed inside a lens barrel, A wavelength-division multiplexed optical signal transmitted by an optical fiber is separated into optical signals of respective wavelengths or a concave or plane curved diffraction grating for wavelength-multiplexing a plurality of optical signals is fixed to a mounting surface of a diffraction grating holder, The convex substantially spherical surface provided on the side opposite to the mounting surface of the grating holder is engaged with the concave substantially spherical surface formed at the end of the lens barrel on the diffraction grating side, and the diffraction grating holder is rotated, The concave surface or flat surface
Adjusting the optical axis of the curved diffraction grating ,
The concave or plane curved diffraction grating near the center of curvature of a substantially spherical surface
Place the center of the inside of the concave or plane curved diffraction grating
The core is arranged on the incident optical axis, and the diffraction grating holder and the lens barrel are fixed in a state where the optical axis of the concave surface or the plane curved diffraction grating is adjusted.
【００１４】本発明のさらに別の光合分波器の製造方法
は、波長多重光信号及び波長の異なる複数の光信号を入
出力するための複数の光ファイバを鏡筒に内部に固定
し、前記光ファイバにより伝送された波長多重光信号を
それぞれの波長の光信号に分離し又は複数の光信号を波
長多重させるための凹面又は平面曲線回折格子を回折格
子ホルダの取付け面に固定し、前記回折格子ホルダの取
付け面とは反対側に設けられた凹状の略球面を前記鏡筒
の回折格子側の端部に形成された凸状の略球面と係合さ
せ、前記回折格子ホルダを回転させ、前記凹面又は平面
曲線回折格子の光軸調整を行い、前記回折格子ホルダの
略球面の曲率中心付近に前記凹面又は平面曲線回折格子
の中心を配置させ、 前記凹面又は平面曲線回折格子の中
心を入射光軸上に配置させ、前記凹面又は平面曲線回折
格子の光軸調整を行われた状態で前記回折格子ホルダと
前記鏡筒とを固定する。In still another method of manufacturing an optical multiplexer / demultiplexer according to the present invention, a plurality of optical fibers for inputting and outputting a wavelength multiplexed optical signal and a plurality of optical signals having different wavelengths are fixed inside a lens barrel, A wavelength-division multiplexed optical signal transmitted by an optical fiber is separated into optical signals of respective wavelengths or a concave or plane curved diffraction grating for wavelength-multiplexing a plurality of optical signals is fixed to a mounting surface of a diffraction grating holder, The concave substantially spherical surface provided on the side opposite to the mounting surface of the grating holder is engaged with the convex substantially spherical surface formed at the diffraction grating side end of the lens barrel, and the diffraction grating holder is rotated, The concave surface or flat surface
Adjusting the optical axis of the curved diffraction grating ,
The concave or plane curved diffraction grating near the center of curvature of a substantially spherical surface
Place the center of the inside of the concave or plane curved diffraction grating
The core is arranged on the incident optical axis, and the diffraction grating holder and the lens barrel are fixed in a state where the optical axis of the concave surface or the plane curved diffraction grating is adjusted.
【００１５】[0015]
【作用】以上のように構成された本発明の光合分波器及
びその製造方法によれば、 回折格子ホルダの凸状又は
凹状の略球面と鏡筒の凹状又は凸状の略球面とで略球面
軸受を構成するので、きわめて容易に回折格子ホルダを
鏡筒に対して任意の方向に回転させることができ、光フ
ァイバに対する回折格子の光軸調整がきわめて容易にな
る。また、回折格子ホルダと鏡筒とが略球面軸受を介し
て接触するため、両者の位置関係が安定し、固定が容易
になる。さらに、固定作業の際に回折格子ホルダが動き
にくいため、一端調整した回折格子の軸がずれることは
なく、波長設定精度が高くなり伝送損失も小さくなる。
また、回折格子を、特に凹面回折格子又は平面曲線回折
格子とすることにより、コリメートレンズが不要にな
り、光合分波器を構成する部品の点数が少なくなり、構
成が簡単になると共に、光合分波器全体が小型になる。According to the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer and the method of manufacturing the same of the present invention configured as described above, the convex or concave substantially spherical surface of the diffraction grating holder and the concave or convex substantially spherical surface of the lens barrel are substantially Since the spherical bearing is configured, the diffraction grating holder can be rotated very easily in an arbitrary direction with respect to the lens barrel, and the optical axis of the diffraction grating with respect to the optical fiber can be adjusted very easily. Further, since the diffraction grating holder and the lens barrel come into contact with each other via the substantially spherical bearing, the positional relationship between the two becomes stable and the fixing becomes easy. Further, since the diffraction grating holder does not move easily during the fixing work, the axis of the diffraction grating once adjusted does not deviate, the wavelength setting accuracy increases, and the transmission loss also decreases.
In addition, by using a concave diffraction grating or a plane curved diffraction grating as the diffraction grating, a collimator lens is not required, the number of parts constituting the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer is reduced, and the configuration is simplified and the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer is used. The whole wave device becomes smaller.
【００１６】また、回折格子ホルダを開孔を有する中空
の略半球体とし、鏡筒の外部に設けることにより、鏡筒
と回折格子ホルダとを別々に組立てることができ、組立
て作業及び回折格子の光軸調整が容易になる。または、
回折格子ホルダは略半球体とし、鏡筒の内部に設けるこ
とにより、回折格子ホルダに直接触れる可能性が低くな
り、一端調整した回折格子の光軸がずれる可能性が小さ
くなる。さらに、回折格子ホルダの略球面と鏡筒の略球
面とを同じ曲率にすることにより、両者の接触面積が大
きくなり、安定性が向上する。また、回折格子ホルダの
曲率中心付近に回折格子の中心を配置することにより、
調整時に入射光が回折格子の有効中心部に入射し、調整
による光軸の傾きによっても入射光が回折格子からずれ
ることはない。また、光ファイバ端面を光軸に対して斜
めに研磨し又はカットすることにより、反射減衰量を低
下させ、光合分波器で発生する雑音が小さくなる。ま
た、入力光ファイバと出力光ファイバの端面に反射防止
膜を設けることにより、反射減衰量が低下し、光合分波
器で発生する雑音や歪が小さくなる。また、回折格子
は、格子間隔ｄ、使用波長λ、格子溝深さｈとして、以
下の条件、
０．５＜ｄ／λ＜１．５ かつ ０．２＜ｈ／ｄ＜０．５
を満足するフーリエ回折格子とすることにより、入射光
に対する偏光依存性が小さくかつ回折効率が高くなり、
損失が小さく、入射光の偏光に依存した雑音も小さい良
好な特性が得られる。Further, by providing the diffraction grating holder as a hollow substantially hemispherical body having an opening and providing it outside the lens barrel, the lens barrel and the diffraction grating holder can be separately assembled. Optical axis adjustment becomes easy. Or
Since the diffraction grating holder is formed in a substantially hemispherical shape and provided inside the lens barrel, the possibility of directly touching the diffraction grating holder is reduced, and the possibility that the optical axis of the adjusted diffraction grating is shifted is reduced. Furthermore, by making the substantially spherical surface of the diffraction grating holder and the substantially spherical surface of the lens barrel have the same curvature, the contact area between the two becomes large and the stability is improved. Also, by arranging the center of the diffraction grating near the center of curvature of the diffraction grating holder,
The incident light is incident on the effective center portion of the diffraction grating during the adjustment, and the incident light does not deviate from the diffraction grating due to the inclination of the optical axis due to the adjustment. Also, by polishing or cutting the end face of the optical fiber obliquely with respect to the optical axis, the return loss is reduced and the noise generated in the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer is reduced. Further, by providing the antireflection film on the end faces of the input optical fiber and the output optical fiber, the return loss is reduced, and the noise and distortion generated in the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer are reduced. Further, the diffraction grating satisfies the following conditions , 0.5 <d / λ <1.5 and 0.2 <h / d <0.5 , as the grating spacing d, the used wavelength λ, and the grating groove depth h. By using a Fourier diffraction grating that reduces the polarization dependence on incident light and increases the diffraction efficiency,
Good characteristics with small loss and small noise depending on the polarization of incident light can be obtained.
【００１７】[0017]
（第１の実施例）本発明の光合分波器及びその製造方法
の第１の実施例を図１及び図２を参照しつつ説明する。
図１は第１の実施例における光合分波器の構成を示す断
面構成図、図２はその外観構成を示す図である。各図に
おいて、鏡筒１７の内部は内径の異なる２つの部分１７
ａ及び１７ｂに分れ、大径部分１７ａと小径部分１７ｂ
の段差部にコリメートレンズ１４が設けられている。ま
た、入力光ファイバ１０及び出力光ファイバ１１、１
２、１３は、小径部分１７ｂにおいて、端面がコリメー
トレンズ１４の焦点に位置し、且つ、それぞれ鏡筒１７
の軸に対しほぼ平行となるように保持されている。鏡筒
１７の大径部分１７ａ側の端面１７ｃは、凹状の（略）
球面である。鏡筒１７の端面１７ｃには、中空で、且つ
略半球体の回折格子ホルダ１６の凸状の（略）球面１６
ａが係合し、凹状の球面１７ｃと凸状の球面１６ａとで
略球面軸受を構成している。（反射型の）平面回折格子
１５は、回折格子ホルダ１６の平面開孔部１６ｂに固定
されている。なお、平面開孔部１６ｂは、回折格子ホル
ダ１６の中空部壁面に対し直角ではなく、傾斜してい
る。(First Embodiment) A first embodiment of the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer and the manufacturing method thereof according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
FIG. 1 is a sectional configuration diagram showing the configuration of an optical multiplexer / demultiplexer in the first embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a diagram showing its external configuration. In each drawing, the inside of the lens barrel 17 has two parts 17 with different inner diameters.
The large diameter portion 17a and the small diameter portion 17b are divided into a and 17b.
The collimator lens 14 is provided at the step portion of the. Also, the input optical fiber 10 and the output optical fibers 11, 1
In the small diameter portion 17b, the end surfaces 2 and 13 are located at the focal point of the collimating lens 14, and the lens barrel 17
It is held so as to be substantially parallel to the axis of. The end surface 17c on the large diameter portion 17a side of the lens barrel 17 is concave (substantially).
It is a sphere. On the end surface 17c of the lens barrel 17, a convex (substantially) spherical surface 16 of the hollow and substantially hemispherical diffraction grating holder 16 is provided.
a is engaged, and the concave spherical surface 17c and the convex spherical surface 16a constitute a substantially spherical bearing. The (reflective) plane diffraction grating 15 is fixed to the plane aperture 16 b of the diffraction grating holder 16. The plane aperture 16b is not perpendicular to the wall surface of the hollow portion of the diffraction grating holder 16, but is inclined.
【００１８】次に、上記構成を有する光合分波器の光分
波器として使用する場合の動作について説明する。な
お、光合波器として使用する場合の動作は、光の進行方
向を逆にして考えればよい。異なる波長λ1、λ2、λ3
により波長多重された信号光は、入力光ファイバ１０を
介して伝送され、コリメートレンズ１４によりコリメー
トされ、平面回折格子１５に入射される。入射光は、平
面回折格子１５により、格子溝の方向に直交する面内
に、各波長に応じてそれぞれ違った角度に回折され、分
散される。平面回折格子１５により波長λ1、λ2、λ3
の各分散光に分離された光は、コリメートレンズ１４に
より、コリメートレンズ１４の焦点面上、すなわち各出
力光ファイバ１１、１２、１３の端面上に結像される。Next, the operation of the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer having the above configuration when used as an optical demultiplexer will be described. The operation when used as an optical multiplexer may be considered by reversing the traveling direction of light. Different wavelengths λ 1 , λ 2 , λ 3
The signal light wavelength-multiplexed by is transmitted through the input optical fiber 10, is collimated by the collimator lens 14, and is incident on the plane diffraction grating 15. The incident light is diffracted and dispersed by the plane diffraction grating 15 in the plane orthogonal to the direction of the grating groove at different angles depending on the respective wavelengths. Wavelengths λ 1 , λ 2 , λ 3 are generated by the plane diffraction grating 15.
The light separated into the respective dispersed lights is imaged by the collimator lens 14 on the focal plane of the collimator lens 14, that is, on the end faces of the output optical fibers 11, 12, and 13.
【００１９】図２に示すように、平面回折格子１５の法
線方向とコリメートレンズ１４の光軸に対する傾き角
Ｃ、出力光ファイバ１１、１３、１３の配列方向に対す
る平面回折格子１５の格子溝の並列方向の傾きＢ、及び
波長分散方向Ａを調整することにより、分散された波長
λ1、λ2、λ3の各信号光はそれぞれ出力光ファイバ１
１、１２、１３に結合され、これら出力光ファイバ１
１、１２、１３中を伝送され、出力される。As shown in FIG. 2, the inclination angle C with respect to the normal direction of the plane diffraction grating 15 and the optical axis of the collimator lens 14, and the grating groove of the plane diffraction grating 15 with respect to the arrangement direction of the output optical fibers 11, 13, and 13. By adjusting the inclination B in the parallel direction and the wavelength dispersion direction A, the dispersed signal lights of the wavelengths λ 1 , λ 2 , and λ 3 are output from the output optical fiber 1 respectively.
1, 12 and 13 are coupled to these output optical fibers 1
It is transmitted through 1, 12, and 13 and output.
【００２０】平面回折格子１５を、凸状の球面１６ａを
有する回折格子ホルダ１６により保持し、鏡筒１７の凹
状の球面１７ｃと回折格子ホルダ１６の凸状の球面１６
ａとで略球面軸受を構成したので、鏡筒１７に回折格子
ホルダ１６を接触させた状態で、鏡筒１７に保持された
コリメートレンズ１４及び入出力光ファイバ１０、１
１、１２、１３に対する平面回折格子１５の光軸調整
Ａ、Ｂ、Ｃを容易に行なうことができる。また、鏡筒１
７と回折格子ホルダ１６とが球面上で接触しているた
め、回折格子ホルダ１６を鏡筒１７に対して固定しやす
い。なお、回折格子ホルダ１６と鏡筒１７との固定に
は、レーザ溶接、接着剤、半田付け等を用いる。The plane diffraction grating 15 is held by a diffraction grating holder 16 having a convex spherical surface 16a, and the concave spherical surface 17c of the lens barrel 17 and the convex spherical surface 16 of the diffraction grating holder 16 are held.
Since a substantially spherical bearing is formed with a, the collimating lens 14 and the input / output optical fibers 10, 1 held by the lens barrel 17 are held in the state where the diffraction grating holder 16 is in contact with the lens barrel 17.
Optical axis adjustments A, B, and C of the plane diffraction grating 15 with respect to 1, 12, and 13 can be easily performed. Also, the lens barrel 1
7 and the diffraction grating holder 16 are in contact with each other on the spherical surface, it is easy to fix the diffraction grating holder 16 to the lens barrel 17. The diffraction grating holder 16 and the lens barrel 17 are fixed by laser welding, adhesive, soldering, or the like.
【００２１】さらに、鏡筒１７の凹状の球面１７ｃと回
折格子ホルダ１６の凸状の球面１６ａとが同じ曲率を有
するように加工することにより、接触面積を大きくとる
ことができ、平面回折格子１５の光軸調整Ａ、Ｂ、Ｃが
きわめて容易になり、且つ、安定して回折格子ホルダ１
６と鏡筒１７の固定を行うことができる。また、回折格
子ホルダ１６の凸状の球面１６ａの曲率中心付近に平面
回折格子１５の中心を配置することにより、鏡筒１７の
調整の際に入射光が回折格子１５の有効中心部に入射す
る。そのため、鏡筒１７の調整による光軸の傾きによっ
ても、入射光が回折格子１５からずれないという効果が
得られる。Further, by processing the concave spherical surface 17c of the lens barrel 17 and the convex spherical surface 16a of the diffraction grating holder 16 so as to have the same curvature, a large contact area can be obtained and the plane diffraction grating 15 The optical axis adjustments A, B and C of the diffraction grating holder 1 are made extremely easy and stable.
6 and the lens barrel 17 can be fixed. Further, by disposing the center of the plane diffraction grating 15 near the center of curvature of the convex spherical surface 16a of the diffraction grating holder 16, incident light enters the effective center portion of the diffraction grating 15 when the lens barrel 17 is adjusted. . Therefore, the effect that the incident light does not deviate from the diffraction grating 15 can be obtained even if the optical axis is tilted due to the adjustment of the lens barrel 17.
【００２２】なお、上記第１の実施例においては、回折
格子ホルダ１６が凸状の球面１６ａを有し、鏡筒１７の
端面が凹状の球面１７ｃである場合を示したが、逆に回
折格子ホルダ１６が凹状の球面を有し、鏡筒１７が凸状
の球面を有する構成であっても、同様の効果を奏するこ
とは言うまでもない。また、平面回折格子１５の代り
に、曲面回折格子、図３に示す平面曲線回折格子３５、
図４に示す凹面回折格子４５等を用いることにより、コ
リメートレンズ１４を省略することができる。これらの
場合、コリメートレンズが不要となり、光合分波器を構
成する部品の点数が少なくなり、構成が簡単になると共
に、光合分波器全体を小型化することができる。また、
入出力光ファイバ１０、１１、１２、１３の各端面に反
射防止膜２０を設けることにより、端面での反射による
伝送損失を低減することができる。In the first embodiment, the case where the diffraction grating holder 16 has the convex spherical surface 16a and the end face of the lens barrel 17 is the concave spherical surface 17c has been described. Needless to say, even if the holder 16 has a concave spherical surface and the lens barrel 17 has a convex spherical surface, the same effect can be obtained. Further, instead of the plane diffraction grating 15, a curved diffraction grating, the plane curved diffraction grating 35 shown in FIG.
By using the concave diffraction grating 45 and the like shown in FIG. 4, the collimator lens 14 can be omitted. In these cases, the collimating lens becomes unnecessary, the number of parts constituting the optical demultiplexer is reduced, the structure is simplified, the entire optical demultiplexer can be miniaturized. Also,
By providing the antireflection film 20 on each end face of the input / output optical fibers 10, 11, 12, and 13, it is possible to reduce transmission loss due to reflection at the end faces.
【００２３】（第２の実施例）次に、本発明の光合分波
器及びその製造方法の第２の実施例の構成を図５を参照
しつつ説明する。なお、上記第１の実施例と同一の番号
を付した部材は実質的に同一であり、その説明を省略す
る。図５に示すように、平面回折格子１５は半球状の回
折格子ホルダ５６の平面５６ｂに固定されている。ホル
ダ５６は、その凸状の球面５６ａが第２の鏡筒５８の凹
状の球面５８ａにより支持され、凸状の球面５６ａと凹
状の球面５８ａとで略球面軸受を構成する。第２の鏡筒
５８の外周部は第１の鏡筒５７の大径部分５７ａに嵌合
し、第２の鏡筒５８と第１の鏡筒５７とでコリメートレ
ンズ５４を保持している。入出力光ファイバ１０、１
１、１２、１３の端面には反射防止膜２０が設けられて
いる。(Second Embodiment) Next, the construction of a second embodiment of the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer and the manufacturing method thereof according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The members given the same numbers as those in the first embodiment are substantially the same, and the description thereof will be omitted. As shown in FIG. 5, the plane diffraction grating 15 is fixed to the plane 56b of the hemispherical diffraction grating holder 56. The holder 56 has its convex spherical surface 56a supported by the concave spherical surface 58a of the second lens barrel 58, and the convex spherical surface 56a and the concave spherical surface 58a form a substantially spherical bearing. The outer peripheral portion of the second lens barrel 58 is fitted into the large diameter portion 57a of the first lens barrel 57, and the second lens barrel 58 and the first lens barrel 57 hold the collimating lens 54. Input / output optical fibers 10, 1
An antireflection film 20 is provided on the end faces of 1, 12, and 13.
【００２４】第１の実施例と同様に、平面回折格子１５
を、凸状の球面５６ａを有する回折格子ホルダ５６によ
り保持し、第２の鏡筒５８の凹状の球面５８ａと回折格
子ホルダ５６の凸状の球面５６ａとで略球面軸受を構成
したので、第２の鏡筒５８に回折格子ホルダ５６を接触
させた状態で、第１の鏡筒５７と第２の鏡筒５８との間
に保持されたコリメートレンズ１４及び入出力光ファイ
バ１０、１１、１２、１３に対する平面回折格子１５の
光軸調整を容易に行なうことができる。また、第２の鏡
筒５８と回折格子ホルダ５６とが球面上で接触している
ため、回折格子ホルダ５６を第２の鏡筒５８に対して固
定しやすい。なお、回折格子ホルダ５６と第２の鏡筒５
８との固定には、レーザ溶接、接着剤、半田付け等を用
いる。Similar to the first embodiment, the plane diffraction grating 15
Is held by the diffraction grating holder 56 having the convex spherical surface 56a, and the concave spherical surface 58a of the second lens barrel 58 and the convex spherical surface 56a of the diffraction grating holder 56 constitute a substantially spherical bearing. With the diffraction grating holder 56 in contact with the second lens barrel 58, the collimator lens 14 and the input / output optical fibers 10, 11, 12 held between the first lens barrel 57 and the second lens barrel 58. , 13, the optical axis of the plane diffraction grating 15 can be easily adjusted. Further, since the second lens barrel 58 and the diffraction grating holder 56 are in contact with each other on the spherical surface, the diffraction grating holder 56 can be easily fixed to the second lens barrel 58. The diffraction grating holder 56 and the second lens barrel 5
Laser welding, an adhesive, soldering, or the like is used for fixing to 8.
【００２５】なお、平面回折格子１５の代りに、図６に
示す曲面回折格子６６や、図７に示す凹面回折格子７６
等を用いることにより、コリメートレンズ１４を省略す
ることができる。これらの場合、コリメートレンズが不
要となり、光合分波器を構成する部品の点数が少なくな
り、構成が簡単になると共に、光合分波器全体を小型化
するできる。Instead of the plane diffraction grating 15, the curved diffraction grating 66 shown in FIG. 6 and the concave diffraction grating 76 shown in FIG.
The collimator lens 14 can be omitted by using the above. In these cases, the collimator lens is not required, the number of parts constituting the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer is reduced, the configuration is simplified, and the entire optical multiplexer / demultiplexer can be downsized.
【００２６】上記各実施例における回折格子として、使
用波長λ、回折格子溝間隔ｄ、格子溝深さｈとして、以
下の条件、
０．５＜ｄ／λ＜１．５ かつ ０．２＜ｈ／ｄ＜０．５
を満たすフーリエ回折格子を用いることが好ましい。フ
ーリエ回折格子は、その断面が基本正弦波とその有限の
高調波の重ね合わせで表現されるなめらかな形状である
回折格子である。フーリエ回折格子における溝間隔と１
次回折光の効率の特性を図８に示す。また、フーリエ回
折格子における溝深さと１次回折光の効率の特性を図９
に示す。図８及び図９において、実線は格子の溝に対し
て入射光の偏光が垂直な場合、一点鎖線は格子の溝に対
して入射光の偏光が平行な場合、破線は平均値をそれぞ
れ表わす。格子間隔ｄが１．５λより小さい場合、２次
以上の回折光は発生せず、１次の回折効率が高い。ま
た、格子間隔ｄが０．５λより小さい場合、回折効率が
半減する。格子溝深さｈが０．５ｄより深い場合、回折
効率が半減する。さらに、格子溝深さｈが０．２ｄより
浅い場合、回折効率が半分に低下する。上記条件を満た
すフーリエ回折格子は、入射光に対する偏光依存性が小
さくかつ回折効率が高いため、損失が小さく、入射光の
偏光に依存した雑音も小さい良好な特性が得られる。As the diffraction grating in each of the above embodiments, the wavelength λ used, the diffraction grating groove spacing d, and the grating groove depth h are set as follows: 0.5 <d / λ <1.5 and 0.2 <h It is preferable to use a Fourier diffraction grating satisfying /d<0.5 . A Fourier diffraction grating is a diffraction grating whose cross section is a smooth shape expressed by superposition of a fundamental sine wave and its finite harmonics. Groove spacing and 1 in Fourier diffraction grating
The characteristic of the efficiency of the second-order diffracted light is shown in FIG. FIG. 9 shows the characteristics of the groove depth and the efficiency of the first-order diffracted light in the Fourier diffraction grating.
Shown in. In FIG. 8 and FIG. 9, the solid line indicates the polarization of the incident light perpendicular to the groove of the grating, the dashed line indicates the polarization of the incident light parallel to the groove of the grating, and the broken line indicates the average value. When the lattice spacing d is smaller than 1.5λ, the second or higher order diffracted light is not generated and the first order diffraction efficiency is high. Further, when the lattice spacing d is smaller than 0.5λ, the diffraction efficiency is halved. When the grating groove depth h is deeper than 0.5d, the diffraction efficiency is halved. Further, when the grating groove depth h is shallower than 0.2d, the diffraction efficiency is reduced to half. The Fourier diffraction grating satisfying the above conditions has small polarization dependence on incident light and high diffraction efficiency, and therefore has good characteristics with small loss and small noise depending on the polarization of incident light.
【００２７】入力光ファイバと出力光ファイバの端面を
斜めにカットし、または研磨することにより反射減衰量
を低下させ、光合分波器で発生する雑音を小さくするこ
とができる。また、入力光ファイバと出力光ファイバの
端面に反射防止膜を設けることにより、反射減衰量を低
下させ、光合分波器で発生する雑音や歪を小さくするこ
とができる。By cutting or polishing the end faces of the input optical fiber and the output optical fiber obliquely, the return loss can be reduced and the noise generated in the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer can be reduced. Further, by providing an antireflection film on the end faces of the input optical fiber and the output optical fiber, it is possible to reduce the return loss and reduce the noise and distortion generated in the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer.
【００２８】なお、上記各実施例では、光合分波器を光
分波器として使用する場合について記載したが、これに
限定されるものではなく、光の進行方向を逆にすること
により光合波器として使用することも可能であることは
言うまでもない。In each of the above embodiments, the case where the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer is used as the optical demultiplexer has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer can be used by reversing the traveling direction of the light. It goes without saying that it can also be used as a container.
【００２９】[0029]
【発明の効果】以上のように構成された本発明の光合分
波器及びその製造方法によれば、 回折格子ホルダの凸
状又は凹状の略球面と鏡筒の凹状又は凸状の略球面とで
略球面軸受を構成するので、きわめて容易に回折格子ホ
ルダを鏡筒に対して任意の方向に回転させることがで
き、光ファイバに対する回折格子の光軸調整をきわめて
容易に行うことができる。また、回折格子ホルダと鏡筒
とが略球面軸受を介して接触するため、両者の位置関係
が安定し、固定が容易になる。さらに、固定作業の際に
回折格子ホルダが動きにくいため、一端調整した回折格
子の軸がずれることはなく、波長設定精度が高くなり伝
送損失も小さくなる。また、回折格子を、特に凹面回折
格子又は平面曲線回折格子とすることにより、コリメー
トレンズが不要になり、光合分波器を構成する部品の点
数が少なくなり、構成が簡単になると共に、光合分波器
全体を小型化することができる。According to the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer and the method for manufacturing the same of the present invention configured as described above, the convex or concave substantially spherical surface of the diffraction grating holder and the concave or convex substantially spherical surface of the lens barrel are provided. Since the substantially spherical bearing is constituted by, the diffraction grating holder can be rotated very easily in an arbitrary direction with respect to the lens barrel, and the optical axis of the diffraction grating with respect to the optical fiber can be adjusted very easily. Further, since the diffraction grating holder and the lens barrel come into contact with each other via the substantially spherical bearing, the positional relationship between the two becomes stable and the fixing becomes easy. Further, since the diffraction grating holder does not move easily during the fixing work, the axis of the diffraction grating once adjusted does not deviate, the wavelength setting accuracy increases, and the transmission loss also decreases. In addition, by using a concave diffraction grating or a plane curved diffraction grating as the diffraction grating, a collimator lens is not required, the number of parts constituting the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer is reduced, and the configuration is simplified and the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer is used. the entire filter can be miniaturized.
【００３０】また、回折格子ホルダを開孔を有する中空
の略半球体とし、鏡筒の外部に設けることにより、鏡筒
と回折格子ホルダとを別々に組立てることができ、組立
て作業及び回折格子の光軸調整が容易になる。または、
回折格子ホルダは略半球体とし、鏡筒の内部に設けるこ
とにより、回折格子ホルダに直接触れる可能性が低くな
り、一端調整した回折格子の光軸がずれる可能性が小さ
くなる。さらに、回折格子ホルダの略球面と鏡筒の略球
面とを同じ曲率にすることにより、両者の接触面積が大
きくなり、安定性が向上する。また、回折格子ホルダの
曲率中心付近に回折格子の中心を配置することにより、
調整時に入射光が回折格子の有効中心部に入射し、調整
による光軸の傾きによっても入射光が回折格子からずれ
ることはない。また、光ファイバ端面を光軸に対して斜
めに研磨し又はカットすることにより、反射減衰量を低
下させ、光合分波器で発生する雑音を小さくすることが
できる。また、入力光ファイバと出力光ファイバの端面
に反射防止膜を設けることにより、反射減衰量を低下さ
せ、光合分波器で発生する雑音や歪を小さくすることが
できる。また、回折格子は、格子間隔ｄ、使用波長λ、
格子溝深さｈとして、以下の条件、
０．５＜ｄ／λ＜１．５ かつ ０．２＜ｈ／ｄ＜０．５
を満足するフーリエ回折格子とすることにより、入射光
に対する偏光依存性が小さくかつ回折効率が高くなり、
損失が小さく、入射光の偏光に依存した雑音も小さい良
好な特性が得られる。Further, the diffraction grating holder is a hollow substantially hemispherical body having an opening and is provided outside the lens barrel, so that the lens barrel and the diffraction grating holder can be separately assembled. Optical axis adjustment becomes easy. Or
Since the diffraction grating holder is formed in a substantially hemispherical shape and provided inside the lens barrel, the possibility of directly touching the diffraction grating holder is reduced, and the possibility that the optical axis of the adjusted diffraction grating is shifted is reduced. Furthermore, by making the substantially spherical surface of the diffraction grating holder and the substantially spherical surface of the lens barrel have the same curvature, the contact area between the two becomes large and the stability is improved. Also, by arranging the center of the diffraction grating near the center of curvature of the diffraction grating holder,
The incident light is incident on the effective center portion of the diffraction grating during the adjustment, and the incident light does not deviate from the diffraction grating due to the inclination of the optical axis due to the adjustment. Also, by polishing or cutting the end face of the optical fiber obliquely with respect to the optical axis, it is possible to reduce the return loss and reduce the noise generated in the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer. Further, by providing an antireflection film on the end faces of the input optical fiber and the output optical fiber, it is possible to reduce the return loss and reduce the noise and distortion generated in the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer. Further, the diffraction grating has a grating spacing d, a used wavelength λ,
As the grating groove depth h, a Fourier diffraction grating satisfying the following conditions , 0.5 <d / λ <1.5 and 0.2 <h / d <0.5, is used. And the diffraction efficiency is high,
Good characteristics with small loss and small noise depending on the polarization of incident light can be obtained.
【図１】本発明の光合分波器の第１の実施例の一構成例
を示す断面図FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a configuration example of a first embodiment of an optical multiplexer / demultiplexer according to the present invention.
【図２】第１の実施例における光合分波器の外観図FIG. 2 is an external view of an optical multiplexer / demultiplexer according to the first embodiment.
【図３】本発明の光合分波器の第１の実施例の他の構成
例を示す断面図FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing another configuration example of the first embodiment of the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer of the present invention.
【図４】本発明の光合分波器の第１の実施例の他の構成
例を示す断面図FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing another configuration example of the first embodiment of the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer of the present invention.
【図５】本発明の光合分波器の第２の実施例の一構成例
を示す断面図FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing a configuration example of a second embodiment of the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer of the present invention.
【図６】本発明の光合分波器の第２の実施例の他の構成
例を示す断面図FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing another configuration example of the second embodiment of the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer of the present invention.
【図７】本発明の光合分波器の第２の実施例の他の構成
例を示す断面図FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing another configuration example of the second embodiment of the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer of the present invention.
【図８】フーリエ回折格子の溝間隔に対する効率特性図FIG. 8 is a graph showing efficiency characteristics with respect to the groove spacing of the Fourier diffraction grating.
【図９】フーリエ回折格子の溝深さに対する効率特性図FIG. 9 is an efficiency characteristic diagram with respect to the groove depth of the Fourier diffraction grating.
【図１０】従来の光合分波器の構成を示す斜視図FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a conventional optical multiplexer / demultiplexer.
【図１１】他の従来の光合分波器の構成を示す斜視図FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing the configuration of another conventional optical multiplexer / demultiplexer.
１０ ： 入力ファイバ １１ ： 出力ファイバ １２ ： 出力ファイバ １３ ： 出力ファイバ １４ ： コリメートレンズ １５ ： 回折格子 １６ ： 回折格子ホルダ １６ａ： 凸状の球面 １６ｂ： 取付け面 １７ ： 鏡筒 １７ａ： 大径部分 １７ｂ： 小径部分 １７ｃ： 凹状の球面 ２０ ： 反射防止膜 ５６ ： 回折格子ホルダ ５６ａ： 凸状の球面 ５６ｂ： 取付け面 ５７ ： 第１の鏡筒 ５７ａ： 大径部分 ５７ｂ： 小径部分 ５７ｃ： 凹状の球面 ５８ ： 第２の鏡筒 ５８ａ： 凹状の球面 10: Input fiber 11: Output fiber 12: Output fiber 13: Output fiber 14: Collimating lens 15: Diffraction grating 16: Diffraction grating holder 16a: convex spherical surface 16b: Mounting surface 17: lens barrel 17a: Large diameter part 17b: Small diameter part 17c: concave spherical surface 20: Antireflection film 56: Diffraction grating holder 56a: convex spherical surface 56b: Mounting surface 57: First lens barrel 57a: Large diameter part 57b: Small diameter part 57c: concave spherical surface 58: Second lens barrel 58a: concave spherical surface
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (56)参考文献 特開 平１−142507（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平３−44605（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭58−54313（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭59−226309（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭61−134712（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭58−9119（ＪＰ，Ａ) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7，ＤＢ名) G02B 6/26 - 6/293 G02B 6/34 G01J 3/18 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── --Continued from the front page (56) References JP-A-1-142507 (JP, A) JP-A-3-44605 (JP, A) JP-A 58-54313 (JP, A) JP-A 59- 226309 (JP, A) JP 61-134712 (JP, A) JP 58-9119 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int.Cl. 7 , DB name) G02B 6/26-6 / 293 G02B 6/34 G01J 3/18
Claims (15)
光信号を入出力するための複数の光ファイバと、 前記光ファイバにより伝送された波長多重光信号をそれ
ぞれの波長の光信号に分離し又は複数の光信号を波長多
重させる平面直線回折格子と、 前記光ファイバにより入出力される光信号を前記回折格
子にコリメートするコリメートレンズと、 前記ファイバー及び前記コリメートレンズを保持し、前
記回折格子側の端部に凹状の略球面を有する鏡筒と、 前記回折格子を保持するための取付け面と、前記取付け
面の反対側に形成され前記鏡筒の凹状の略球面と係合す
るための凸状の略球面を有する回折格子ホルダとを具備
し、 前記回折格子ホルダの略球面の曲率中心付近に前記回折
格子の中心を配置し、 前記回折格子の中心を入射光軸上に配置したことを特徴
とする 光合分波器。1. A plurality of optical fibers for inputting and outputting a wavelength-multiplexed optical signal and a plurality of optical signals having different wavelengths, and a wavelength-multiplexed optical signal transmitted by the optical fiber is separated into optical signals of respective wavelengths. Alternatively, a plane linear diffraction grating for wavelength-multiplexing a plurality of optical signals, a collimator lens for collimating the optical signals input / output by the optical fiber to the diffraction grating, and holding the fiber and the collimator lens, the diffraction grating side A lens barrel having a concave substantially spherical surface at an end thereof, a mounting surface for holding the diffraction grating, and a convex formed on the opposite side of the mounting surface for engaging with the concave substantially spherical surface of the lens barrel. And a diffraction grating holder having a substantially spherical surface
The diffraction grating holder near the center of curvature of the spherical surface.
The center of the grating is arranged, and the center of the diffraction grating is arranged on the incident optical axis.
Demultiplexer to.
光信号を入出力するための複数の光ファイバと、 前記光ファイバにより伝送された波長多重光信号をそれ
ぞれの波長の光信号に分離し又は複数の光信号を波長多
重させる平面直線回折格子と、 前記光ファイバにより入出力される光信号を前記回折格
子にコリメートするコリメートレンズと、 前記ファイバー及び前記コリメートレンズを保持し、前
記回折格子側の端部に凸状の略球面を有する鏡筒と、 前記回折格子を保持するための取付け面と、前記取付け
面の反対側に形成され前記鏡筒の凸状の略球面と係合す
るための凹状の略球面を有する回折格子ホルダとを具備
し、 前記回折格子ホルダの略球面の曲率中心付近に前記回折
格子の中心を配置し、 前記回折格子の中心を入射光軸上に配置したことを特徴
とする 光合分波器。2. A plurality of optical fibers for inputting and outputting a wavelength multiplexed optical signal and a plurality of optical signals having different wavelengths, and a wavelength multiplexed optical signal transmitted by the optical fiber is separated into optical signals of respective wavelengths. Alternatively, a plane linear diffraction grating for wavelength-multiplexing a plurality of optical signals, a collimator lens for collimating the optical signals input / output by the optical fiber to the diffraction grating, and holding the fiber and the collimator lens, the diffraction grating side A lens barrel having a convex substantially spherical surface at its end, a mounting surface for holding the diffraction grating, and a convex substantially spherical surface of the lens barrel formed on the opposite side of the mounting surface. And a diffraction grating holder having a substantially spherical concave surface
The diffraction grating holder near the center of curvature of the spherical surface.
The center of the grating is arranged, and the center of the diffraction grating is arranged on the incident optical axis.
Demultiplexer to.
光信号を入出力するための複数の光ファイバと、 前記光ファイバにより伝送された波長多重光信号をそれ
ぞれの波長の光信号に分離し又は複数の光信号を波長多
重させる凹面又は平面曲線回折格子と、 前記ファイバーを保持し、前記回折格子側の端部に凹状
の略球面を有する鏡筒と、 前記回折格子を保持するための取付け面と、前記取付け
面の反対側に形成され前記鏡筒の凹状の略球面と係合す
るための凸状の略球面を有する回折格子ホルダとを具備
し、 前記回折格子ホルダの略球面の曲率中心付近に前記回折
格子の中心を配置し、 前記回折格子の中心を入射光軸上に配置したことを特徴
とする 光合分波器。3. A plurality of optical fibers for inputting / outputting a wavelength-multiplexed optical signal and a plurality of optical signals having different wavelengths, and a wavelength-multiplexed optical signal transmitted by the optical fiber is separated into optical signals of respective wavelengths. Alternatively, a concave surface or a plane curved diffraction grating that wavelength-multiplexes a plurality of optical signals, a lens barrel that holds the fiber, and has a concave substantially spherical surface at an end on the diffraction grating side, and an attachment for holding the diffraction grating A surface and a diffraction grating holder having a convex substantially spherical surface formed on the opposite side of the mounting surface for engaging with the concave substantially spherical surface of the lens barrel.
The diffraction grating holder near the center of curvature of the spherical surface.
The center of the grating is arranged, and the center of the diffraction grating is arranged on the incident optical axis.
Demultiplexer to.
光信号を入出力するための複数の光ファイバと、 前記光ファイバにより伝送された波長多重光信号をそれ
ぞれの波長の光信号に分離し又は複数の光信号を波長多
重させる凹面又は平面曲線回折格子と、 前記ファイバーを保持し、前記回折格子側の端部に凸状
の略球面を有する鏡筒と、 前記回折格子を保持するための取付け面と、前記取付け
面の反対側に形成され前記鏡筒の凸状の略球面と係合す
るための凹状の略球面を有する回折格子ホルダとを具備
し、 前記回折格子ホルダの略球面の曲率中心付近に前記回折
格子の中心を配置し、 前記回折格子の中心を入射光軸上に配置したことを特徴
とする 光合分波器。4. A plurality of optical fibers for inputting and outputting a WDM optical signal and a plurality of optical signals having different wavelengths, and a WDM optical signal transmitted by the optical fiber is separated into optical signals of respective wavelengths. Or a concave surface or a plane curved diffraction grating for wavelength-multiplexing a plurality of optical signals, a lens barrel that holds the fiber, and has a convex substantially spherical surface at the end portion on the diffraction grating side, and for holding the diffraction grating A diffraction grating holder having a mounting surface and a concave substantially spherical surface formed on the opposite side of the mounting surface for engaging with the convex substantially spherical surface of the lens barrel.
The diffraction grating holder near the center of curvature of the spherical surface.
The center of the grating is arranged, and the center of the diffraction grating is arranged on the incident optical axis.
Demultiplexer to.
半球体であり、鏡筒の外部に設けられている請求項１か
ら４のいずれかに記載の光合分波器。5. The optical multiplexer / demultiplexer according to claim 1, wherein the diffraction grating holder is a hollow, substantially hemispherical body having an opening, and is provided outside the lens barrel.
の内部に設けられている請求項１から４のいずれかに記
載の光合分波器。6. The optical multiplexer / demultiplexer according to claim 1, wherein the diffraction grating holder is a substantially hemispherical body and is provided inside the lens barrel.
とが同じ曲率を有する請求項１から６のいずれかに記載
の光合分波器。7. The optical multiplexer / demultiplexer according to claim 1, wherein the substantially spherical surface of the diffraction grating holder and the substantially spherical surface of the lens barrel have the same curvature.
せ、回折格子の光軸調整を行った後、回折格子ホルダを
鏡筒に固定した請求項１から７のいずれかに記載の光合
分波器。8. The optical coupling / decoupling device according to claim 1, wherein the diffraction grating holder is fixed to the lens barrel after rotating the diffraction grating holder with respect to the lens barrel to adjust the optical axis of the diffraction grating. Wave instrument.
磨し又はカットした請求項１から８のいずれかに記載の
光合分波器。9. An optical demultiplexer according to any one of the optical fiber end face claim 1 which is polished or cut obliquely with respect to the optical axis 8.
た請求項１から９のいずれかに記載の光合分波器。10. A demultiplexer according to any one of claims 1 to form an antireflection film on the optical fiber end surface 9.
λ、格子溝深さｈとして、以下の条件、 ０．５＜ｄ／λ＜１．５ かつ ０．２＜ｈ／ｄ＜０．５ を満足するフーリエ回折格子である請求項１から１０の
いずれかに記載の光合分波器。11. The diffraction grating has the following conditions : 0.5 <d / λ <1.5 and 0.2 <h / d <0. The optical multiplexer / demultiplexer according to any one of claims 1 to 10 , which is a Fourier diffraction grating satisfying 5 .
の光信号を入出力するための複数の光ファイバ及び前記
光ファイバにより入出力される光信号を回折格子にコリ
メートするコリメートレンズを鏡筒に内部に固定し、 前記光ファイバにより伝送された波長多重光信号をそれ
ぞれの波長の光信号に分離し又は複数の光信号を波長多
重させるための平面直線回折格子を回折格子ホルダの取
付け面に固定し、 前記回折格子ホルダの取付け面とは反対側に設けられた
凸状の略球面を前記鏡筒の回折格子側の端部に形成され
た凹状の略球面と係合させ、前記回折格子ホルダを回転
させ、前記平面直線回折格子の光軸調整を行い、前記回折格子ホルダの略球面の曲率中心付近に前記平面
直線回折格子の中心を配置させ、 前記平面直線回折格子の中心を入射光軸上に配置させ、 前記平面直線回折格子の光軸調整を行われた状態で前記
回折格子ホルダと前記鏡筒とを固定する光合分波器の製
造方法。12. A lens barrel having a plurality of optical fibers for inputting / outputting a wavelength-multiplexed optical signal and a plurality of optical signals having different wavelengths, and a collimator lens for collimating the optical signals input / output by the optical fiber with a diffraction grating. A planar linear diffraction grating, which is fixed inside, separates the wavelength-multiplexed optical signal transmitted by the optical fiber into optical signals of respective wavelengths or wavelength-multiplexes a plurality of optical signals, is fixed to the mounting surface of the diffraction grating holder. Then, the convex substantially spherical surface provided on the side opposite to the mounting surface of the diffraction grating holder is engaged with the concave substantially spherical surface formed at the end of the lens barrel on the diffraction grating side, To adjust the optical axis of the plane linear diffraction grating, and place the plane near the center of curvature of the substantially spherical surface of the diffraction grating holder.
The center of the linear diffraction grating is arranged, the center of the plane linear diffraction grating is arranged on the incident optical axis, and the diffraction grating holder and the lens barrel are arranged with the optical axis of the plane linear diffraction grating adjusted. Method of manufacturing fixed optical multiplexer / demultiplexer.
の光信号を入出力するための複数の光ファイバ及び前記
光ファイバにより入出力される光信号を回折格子にコリ
メートするコリメートレンズを鏡筒に内部に固定し、 前記光ファイバにより伝送された波長多重光信号をそれ
ぞれの波長の光信号に分離し又は複数の光信号を波長多
重させるための平面直線回折格子を回折格子ホルダの取
付け面に固定し、 前記回折格子ホルダの取付け面とは反対側に設けられた
凹状の略球面を前記鏡筒の回折格子側の端部に形成され
た凸状の略球面と係合させ、前記回折格子ホルダを回転
させ、前記平面直線回折格子の光軸調整を行い、前記回折格子ホルダの略球面の曲率中心付近に前記平面
直線回折格子の中心を配置させ、 前記平面直線回折格子の中心を入射光軸上に配置させ、 前記平面直線回折格子の光軸調整を行われた状態で前記
回折格子ホルダと前記鏡筒とを固定する光合分波器の製
造方法。13. A lens barrel having a plurality of optical fibers for inputting / outputting a wavelength-multiplexed optical signal and a plurality of optical signals having different wavelengths, and a collimator lens for collimating the optical signals input / output by the optical fiber with a diffraction grating. A planar linear diffraction grating, which is fixed inside, separates the wavelength-multiplexed optical signal transmitted by the optical fiber into optical signals of respective wavelengths or wavelength-multiplexes a plurality of optical signals, is fixed to the mounting surface of the diffraction grating holder. Then, the concave substantially spherical surface provided on the side opposite to the mounting surface of the diffraction grating holder is engaged with the convex substantially spherical surface formed at the end portion of the lens barrel on the diffraction grating side, To adjust the optical axis of the plane linear diffraction grating, and place the plane near the center of curvature of the substantially spherical surface of the diffraction grating holder.
The center of the linear diffraction grating is arranged, the center of the plane linear diffraction grating is arranged on the incident optical axis, and the diffraction grating holder and the lens barrel are arranged with the optical axis of the plane linear diffraction grating adjusted. Method of manufacturing fixed optical multiplexer / demultiplexer.
の光信号を入出力するための複数の光ファイバを鏡筒に
内部に固定し、 前記光ファイバにより伝送された波長多重光信号をそれ
ぞれの波長の光信号に分離し又は複数の光信号を波長多
重させるための凹面又は平面曲線回折格子を回折格子ホ
ルダの取付け面に固定し、 前記回折格子ホルダの取付け面とは反対側に設けられた
凸状の略球面を前記鏡筒の回折格子側の端部に形成され
た凹状の略球面と係合させ、前記回折格子ホルダを回転
させ、前記凹面又は平面曲線回折格子の光軸調整を行
い、前記回折格子ホルダの略球面の曲率中心付近に前記凹面
又は平面曲線回折格子の中心を配置させ、 前記凹面又は平面曲線回折格子の中心を入射光軸上に配
置させ、 前記凹面又は平面曲線回折格子の光軸調整を行われた状
態で前記回折格子ホルダと前記鏡筒とを固定する光合分
波器の製造方法。14. A plurality of optical fibers for inputting and outputting a wavelength-multiplexed optical signal and a plurality of optical signals having different wavelengths are fixed inside a lens barrel, and each of the wavelength-multiplexed optical signals transmitted by the optical fiber is A concave surface or a plane curved diffraction grating for separating the optical signals of wavelengths or wavelength-multiplexing a plurality of optical signals is fixed to the mounting surface of the diffraction grating holder, and is provided on the side opposite to the mounting surface of the diffraction grating holder. The convex substantially spherical surface is engaged with the concave substantially spherical surface formed at the end of the lens barrel on the diffraction grating side, and the diffraction grating holder is rotated to adjust the optical axis of the concave surface or the plane curved diffraction grating. , The concave surface near the center of curvature of the substantially spherical surface of the diffraction grating holder
Alternatively, the center of the plane curved diffraction grating is arranged, and the center of the concave surface or the plane curved diffraction grating is arranged on the incident optical axis.
A method for manufacturing an optical multiplexer / demultiplexer in which the diffraction grating holder and the lens barrel are fixed in a state where the optical axis of the concave or plane curved diffraction grating is adjusted.
の光信号を入出力するための複数の光ファイバを鏡筒に
内部に固定し、 前記光ファイバにより伝送された波長多重光信号をそれ
ぞれの波長の光信号に分離し又は複数の光信号を波長多
重させるための凹面又は平面曲線回折格子を回折格子ホ
ルダの取付け面に固定し、 前記回折格子ホルダの取付け面とは反対側に設けられた
凹状の略球面を前記鏡筒の回折格子側の端部に形成され
た凸状の略球面と係合させ、前記回折格子ホルダを回転
させ、前記凹面又は平面曲線回折格子の光軸調整を行
い、前記回折格子ホルダの略球面の曲率中心付近に前記凹面
又は平面曲線回折格子の中心を配置させ、 前記凹面又は平面曲線回折格子の中心を入射光軸上に配
置させ、 前記凹面又は平面曲線回折格子の光軸調整を行われた状
態で前記回折格子ホルダと前記鏡筒とを固定する光合分
波器の製造方法。15. A plurality of optical fibers for inputting and outputting a wavelength-multiplexed optical signal and a plurality of optical signals having different wavelengths are fixed inside a lens barrel, and the wavelength-multiplexed optical signals transmitted by the optical fibers are respectively fixed. A concave surface or a plane curved diffraction grating for separating the optical signals of wavelengths or wavelength-multiplexing a plurality of optical signals is fixed to the mounting surface of the diffraction grating holder, and is provided on the side opposite to the mounting surface of the diffraction grating holder. The concave substantially spherical surface is engaged with the convex substantially spherical surface formed at the end of the lens barrel on the diffraction grating side, and the diffraction grating holder is rotated to adjust the optical axis of the concave surface or the plane curve diffraction grating. , The concave surface near the center of curvature of the substantially spherical surface of the diffraction grating holder
Alternatively, the center of the plane curved diffraction grating is arranged, and the center of the concave surface or the plane curved diffraction grating is arranged on the incident optical axis.
A method for manufacturing an optical multiplexer / demultiplexer in which the diffraction grating holder and the lens barrel are fixed in a state where the optical axis of the concave or plane curved diffraction grating is adjusted.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP26721694A JP3370193B2 (en) | 1994-10-31 | 1994-10-31 | Optical multiplexer / demultiplexer and manufacturing method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP26721694A JP3370193B2 (en) | 1994-10-31 | 1994-10-31 | Optical multiplexer / demultiplexer and manufacturing method thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH08129114A JPH08129114A (en) | 1996-05-21 |
| JP3370193B2 true JP3370193B2 (en) | 2003-01-27 |
Family
ID=17441758
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP26721694A Expired - Fee Related JP3370193B2 (en) | 1994-10-31 | 1994-10-31 | Optical multiplexer / demultiplexer and manufacturing method thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3370193B2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US11385392B2 (en) | 2020-07-21 | 2022-07-12 | Hyundai Motor Company | Lens of optical fiber lamp apparatus and optical fiber lamp apparatus having the same |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3677593B2 (en) * | 1999-03-30 | 2005-08-03 | 日本板硝子株式会社 | Optical demultiplexer and alignment method thereof |
| JP4574229B2 (en) * | 2004-05-26 | 2010-11-04 | キヤノン株式会社 | Wide-angle lens device, camera and projector |
-
1994
- 1994-10-31 JP JP26721694A patent/JP3370193B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US11385392B2 (en) | 2020-07-21 | 2022-07-12 | Hyundai Motor Company | Lens of optical fiber lamp apparatus and optical fiber lamp apparatus having the same |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH08129114A (en) | 1996-05-21 |
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