JP3369516B2 - Floor / roof drainage structure and trough members - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a floor drainage structure, a roof garden, etc., which is mainly applied to an outdoor floor overhanging an outer wall of a building such as a balcony or balcony so as to be used as an extension of indoor life. The present invention relates to a roof drainage structure applied to a flat roof having an extremely small slope and a valley groove member used as a drainage groove member in these drainage structures.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, an outdoor floor, such as a balcony or a balcony (hereinafter referred to as a "veranda"), is projected from the outer wall of a building and can be used as an extension of indoor life through a sweep window to prevent rainwater or There is a water gradient that slopes from the outer wall side to the eaves in order to naturally drain the water sprinkled for cleaning.

Also, the roof slope is made as small as possible,
The so-called flat roof, which can be used as a rooftop garden, also has a water gradient that inclines toward the eaves for the same purpose.

For example, FIGS. 6 (a) and 6 (b) show an example of a veranda provided in a detached house, etc.
A veranda 21 is projected from the outer wall 20 of the building toward the eaves with a predetermined depth L, and a water gradient is formed on the floor of the veranda 21 so as to rise toward the outer wall 20.

This type of water gradient is used for the outer wall 20 of the base mortar or base panel 23 which is constructed as a waterproof base material, for example.
It is formed by gradually raising in the direction. Also,
A sweep window 22 is provided on the outer wall 20 so as to freely move between the balcony and the living room of the building.

[0006]

However, when a water gradient is provided by such a method, the depth L of the veranda 21 is generally the floor frame 21a of the veranda 21 (for example, a PC board installed under a waterproof base material). Since it is necessary to make a water gradient within the height dimension of the level difference H (hereinafter referred to as “level difference H”) between the floor panel 22) and the lower frame 22a of the sweep window 22, the depth L of the veranda 21 is When the depth is low, a sufficient water gradient can be provided, but when the depth L of the veranda 21 is large, the water gradient is small relative to the depth L of the veranda 21, and therefore water drainage is poor and puddle on the floor surface. However, there was a problem that it was difficult to obtain a reliable drainage function.

On the other hand, in the case of a flat roof, as the roof area increases, it is necessary to thicken the waterproof base material in order to create a water gradient on the water side. In addition to being uneconomical, there is a problem in that the thickness of the waterproofing base material is increased and the roof weight is increased, which is disadvantageous structurally.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and has an extremely standard water gradient (generally 1 /
An object of the present invention is to provide a floor drainage structure, a roof drainage structure, and a trough member used for these, which enables reliable drainage at about 50 to 1/100).

[0009]

As a means for solving the above problems, a floor drainage structure according to the present invention is a valley groove which is continuously inclined toward the eaves from the upper water end to the lower water end on the outdoor floor. Is provided, and the first and second floor surfaces, which are inclined inward and face inward, are connected to both sides on the water upper end side of the valley groove,
The third and fourth floor surfaces that descend downward toward the eaves are respectively connected to both sides of the water groove lower end side of the valley groove, and the connection between the first floor surface and the third floor surface and the first floor surface and the third floor surface are performed. 2 floor and 4th
Each floor connection is provided without steps.

In the roof drainage structure according to the present invention, the flat roof is provided with a valley groove which continuously inclines from the water upper end to the water lower end toward the eaves. The first and second roof surfaces having a downward slope are connected to each other, and the third and fourth roof surfaces having a downward slope are connected to both sides of the water groove side of the valley groove toward the eaves, respectively, and The connection between the first roof surface and the third roof surface and the connection between the second roof surface and the fourth roof surface are provided without steps.

The valley groove member according to the present invention comprises a flat surface having a predetermined width and a continuous downward slope having the same width and a continuous surface extending from one end of the flat surface to the other end of the downward slope in the central longitudinal direction of the width. It is formed by providing a valley groove having a continuous downward slope.

[0012]

1 to 4 show an example of a floor drainage structure. In the figures, an outdoor structure is provided which extends from the outer wall of a building 1 and can be used as an extension of indoor life through a sweep window 1a. A floor 2 of the veranda is provided as the floor.

On the surface of the floor 2, a trough 3 inclined from the outer wall side of the building 1 toward the eaves of the veranda (outdoor direction) is provided continuously from the water upper end 17 on the outer wall side to the water upper end 18 in the eaves direction of the veranda. Further, a drainage groove 4 is continuously provided around the floor 2.

First and second floor surfaces 2a and 2b, which are inclined inward and face each other, are respectively connected to both sides of the valley groove 3 on the water lower end 17 side, and are connected to both sides of the valley groove 3 on the water lower end 18 side. Are connected to the third and fourth floor surfaces 2c and 2d which are inclined downward toward the eaves respectively.

Further, the first floor surface 2a and the second floor surface 2b
To the other side (the side opposite to the side having the valley groove 3), the floor surface 2e having a gentle water gradient inclined in the opposite direction of the first floor surface 2a and the second floor surface 2b is connected respectively. ing.

Then, the first floor surface 2a and the third floor surface 2c
Connection with the second floor surface 2b and the fourth floor surface 2d,
Furthermore, the third and fourth floor surfaces 2c and 2d and the floor surface 2e are connected to each other without steps.

Although the water gradient on each floor is shown in FIG. 1 (b), the water gradient shown is steeper than the actual water gradient for easy understanding. Along with this, on the horizontal ridge line 5 where the boundary portions between the first floor surface 2a and the second floor surface 2b and the floor surface 2e continue parallel to the plane above the valley groove 3, the third floor surface 2c and the boundary portion between the fourth floor surface 2d and the floor surface 2e are on the ridge line 6, and the first floor surface 2a and the second floor surface 2b are the third floor surface 2c and the fourth floor surface 2d. The ridge lines 7 and the ridge lines 6 and 7 are approximately 45 with respect to the ridge line 5 from the tip of the ridge line 5 on the eaves side.
It is continuous in each of two diagonal directions.

In addition, the first floor surface 2a and the second floor surface 2
b, the third floor surface 2c, the fourth floor surface 2d, and the floor surface 2e are continuous at each ridge line portion without a step. In addition, the grooves of the valley groove 3 are the water upper end 17 and the ridge line 7 on the outer wall side of the building 1.
Between the top end of the building 1 and the water edge 17 on the outer wall side of the building 1 is the shallowest, becomes gradually deeper toward the eaves of the veranda, and is the deepest at the tip of the ridge 7.

Further, the groove of the valley groove 3 is gradually shallowed again in the direction of the eaves of the veranda between the tip of the ridge line 7 and the water lower end 18, and the groove at the water lower end 18 (outdoor side end) is equal. It's getting shallower. That is, the groove is a continuous downward slope.

The shapes and area ratios of the floor surfaces 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d and 2e may be arbitrarily determined, but generally the ridge lines 6 and 7 are oriented at approximately 45 degrees with respect to the longitudinal direction of the valley groove 3. If the position of the ridgeline 5 is determined from this, the ridgeline 6 reaches the corner of the floor 2,
The shapes and area ratios of a, 2b, 2c, 2d and 2e are naturally determined.

In such a structure, the floor 2 of the balcony
When it rains, the rain on the first floor surface 2a and the second floor surface 2b near the outer wall flows into the troughs 3 and through the troughs 3 to the drainage channels 4 of the veranda.

Further, the third floor surface 2c and the fourth floor surface 2
The rain of d directly flows into the drain ditch 4 of the veranda, and the rain of the floor surface 2e directly flows into the drain ditch 4 of the veranda (ends on the opposite side of the first floor surface 2a and the second floor surface 2b).

Then, the rain flowing into the drainage channel 4 is drained to the ground through a drain 8 provided in the drainage channel 4 and a vertical gutter (not shown). That is, the rainwater on the floor near the outer wall of the building 1 is concentrated in the valleys 3 having a gentle water gradient inclined toward the eaves and drained to the drainage grooves 4 via the valleys 3. At that time, although the water gradient of the valley groove 3 is gentle, it is difficult to form a puddle in a wide range by narrowing the groove width of the valley groove 3.

By doing so, even if the depth L of the veranda is considerably deep, the water gradient necessary for drainage is maintained within the range of the level difference H while maintaining the level difference H so far. Can be surely provided.

In the examples shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the depth L could be increased by 1.5 times while the level difference H was the same as that of the conventional example shown in FIG. Conversely, the level difference H can be reduced to two thirds as compared with the conventional technique.

3 (a) and 3 (b) show the structure of the floor 2 of the veranda, in which a foamed resin plate or the like is laid as a waterproof base material 11 on a flat floor plate 10. In addition, a non-combustible plate 12 or the like may be laid on the waterproof base material 11. Further, a polymer sheet or the like is laid as a waterproof sheet 13 on the incombustible plate 12 or the like.

At this time, each floor surface 2a, 2b, 2c of the floor 2
The water gradients 2d and 2e are formed by gradually increasing the thickness of the waterproof base material 11 toward the ridge side. In addition, as the waterproof base material 11, for example, FIG.
As shown in FIG. 2, if it is made into a block into a predetermined size, the construction is easy and the number of parts can be reduced.

When the floor surface is to be raised for the purpose of giving a water gradient to each floor surface 2a to 2e, it is only necessary to stack a plurality of blocked waterproof base materials 11. By laying the waterproof base material 11 in this way, the construction efficiency can be improved and the water gradient on each floor can be surely provided.

Further, the valley groove 3 is formed of a valley groove member 3A which is made into a component as shown in FIG. 4 (b), for example. The trough member 3A is an elongated rectangular parallelepiped having an inclined surface obtained by cutting the upper surface with a plane parallel to the short side of the upper surface using, for example, a foamed resin material similar to the waterproof base material 11, and the inclined surface on the upper surface side. A valley groove 3 having a substantially V-shaped or U-shaped cross section is formed continuously over the entire length in the longitudinal direction with a continuous inclined bottom in the same direction.

The trough groove member 3A has a flat surface 3a having a predetermined width and a downward slope 3b having the same width which is continuous with the flat surface 3a and extends downward from one end of the flat surface to the other end of the descending slope in the longitudinal direction of the center of the width. It is formed by providing valley grooves 3 having a continuous slope.

The trough member 3A is made of, for example, a foamed resin material similar to the waterproof base material 11. The troughs 3 are formed to have a substantially V-shaped or U-shaped cross section. That is, the groove-shaped portion is a recessed portion that is continuous in the longitudinal direction and can be formed by hollowing out the upper two surfaces of the heptahedron. The valley groove member 3A may be formed by being divided into a plurality of parts.

The valley groove member 3A thus formed has a waterproof base material 1 as shown in FIGS. 3 (a) and 3 (b), for example.
A water upper end 17 on the outer wall side of the building 1 to a water lower end 18 on the eaves side of the veranda is continuously installed between 1 and 11.

The metal plate 14 is placed on the valley groove member 3A.
Glued to the floor plate 10 from above the metal plate 14
It is fixed by screwing with 6 and also metal plate 1
4 is used as a base material, and a polymer sheet or the like is laid as a waterproof sheet 13 on the base material. At that time, the waterproof sheet 13 is laid continuously with the floor surfaces on both sides of the valley groove member 3A.

As shown in FIG. 3B, the troughs 3 may be stepped and lower than the ends of the floor surface or the roof surface on both sides of the troughs. Further, a step may be eliminated to make it lower than the underwater side of the gentle slope connecting the valley grooves 3 to both sides.

FIG. 5 shows an example of a roof drainage structure. In the figure, a valley groove 3 is formed inside the flat roof 15 and is inclined from the center of the roof toward the eaves direction. Also, flat roof 1
A drain groove 4 is continuously provided around the circumference 5.

The first and second roof surfaces 15a and 1 which are inclined inwardly facing each other on both sides of the water groove 17 side of the valley groove 3
5b are connected to each other, and the third and fourth roof surfaces 15c and 15d, which are inclined downward toward the eaves, are connected to both sides of the valley groove 3 on the water lower end 18 side.

On the opposite side of the first roof surface 15a and the second roof surface 15b (the side opposite to the side having the valley groove 3), the first roof surface 15a and the second roof surface 15b are opposite. The roof surfaces 15e having a gentle water gradient that inclines in each direction are connected to each other.

Then, the connection between the first roof surface 15a and the third roof surface 15c, the connection between the second roof surface 15b and the fourth roof surface 15d, and the third and fourth roof surfaces 15c, 1
5d and the roof surface 15e are connected without a step.

Along with this, the boundary portion between the first roof surface 15a and the second roof surface 15b and the roof surface 15e is connected to the horizontal ridge line 5 parallel to the plane above the valley groove 3 at the third Roof surface 15c and fourth roof surface 15d and roof surface 15e
The boundary portion between the first roof surface 15a and the second roof surface 15b and the third roof surface 15c and the fourth roof surface 15d is the ridge line 7, The ridge lines 6 and 7 are continuous from the tip of the ridge line 5 on the eaves side toward the ridge line 5 in two directions at an angle of approximately 45 degrees.

Further, the first roof surface 15a and the second roof surface 15b, the third roof surface 15c and the fourth roof surface 1
5d and the roof surface 15e are continuous without a step at each ridge.

The trough member 3A installed here is formed in the same manner as that installed on the floor 2 of the veranda. In addition, the trough groove member 3A is, for example, as shown in FIG.
As shown in (b), between the waterproof base materials 11 and 11, the water upper end 17 on the outer wall side of the building 1 to the water lower end 1 on the eaves side of the flat roof.
It is installed continuously up to 8.

The metal plate 14 is placed on the valley groove member 3A.
Glued to the floor plate 10 from above the metal plate 14
It is fixed by screwing with 6. Further, a metal sheet 14 is used as a base material, and a polymer sheet or the like is laid as a waterproof sheet 13 thereon. At that time, the waterproof sheet 13 is laid continuously with the roof surfaces on both sides of the valley groove member 3A.

The groove of the trough 3 is the shallowest in the inner part of the roof between the water upper end 17 of the inner part (ridge part) of the roof and the tip of the ridge 7, and gradually becomes closer to the eaves. It is deeper and deepest at the tip of the ridge 7.

Further, the groove of the valley groove 3 gradually becomes shallower again in the eaves direction between the tip portion of the ridge line 7 and the water lower end 18 on the tip side of the eaves, and becomes the shallowest at the tip portion of the eaves. Has become.

In such a structure, when it rains on the flat roof 15, the first roof surface 15a and the second roof surface 15a.
The rain of b flows into the valley groove 3, and then flows into the drain groove 4 through the valley groove 3.

Further, the rain on the third roof surface 15c, the fourth roof surface 15d and the roof surface 15e all directly flows into the drainage groove 4, respectively. Then, the rain flowing into the drainage channel 4 is drained to the ground through a drain 8 provided in the drainage channel 4 and a vertical gutter (not shown).

The structures of the flat roof 15 and the drain ditch 3 are substantially the same as the structure of the floor 2 and the valley ditch 3 of the veranda described with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4, respectively. The arrow written on the waterproof base material 11 in FIG. 4B indicates the direction of inclination.

Although the dry method of installing the foamed resin plate as the waterproof base material 11 has been described in the drawings, it goes without saying that a wet method of applying mortar as the waterproof base material 11 can also be applied.

[0049]

The floor drainage structure according to the present invention is as described above, and an inclined floor surface is provided on the side facing the inside of the surface of the outdoor floor, and a drain groove is formed under the water on this floor surface. Provided,
Since a water gradient that allows drainage is provided on the outer circumference of the floor in this valley groove, even if the depth of the floor is particularly deep, the water gradient of a very standard floor ( The required water gradient can be formed at 1/50 to 1/100), water on the gently sloping surface can be collected in the valley groove, drainage of the floor surface can be improved, and pooling on the floor surface can be prevented.

Similarly, the roof drainage structure according to the present invention is also
Even if the roof area is very large, the required water gradient can be created with the water gradient of a very standard flat roof without excessively raising the center of the roof. Collected to improve drainage of the roof surface and prevent puddle from forming on the roof surface.

Further, since the valley groove member can be made into a component by continuously having a drainage groove on the upper surface side which is inclined from the water upper end side to the water lower end side in the longitudinal direction, it can be made into a component. The necessary troughs can be formed very simply by installing them in the.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 shows a floor of a balcony, (a) is a plan view thereof,
(B) is the front view.

FIG. 2 shows a floor of a veranda, (a) is a partial perspective view thereof, and (b) is a sectional view taken along line ii in (a).

3 (a) and 3 (b) are partial perspective views showing the structure of the floor of the veranda.

FIG. 4A is a perspective view of a valley groove member that is made into a component;
(B) is a perspective view showing a mounting state of the waterproof base material.

FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a flat roof.

FIG. 6 shows a floor of a conventional balcony, (a) is a plan view thereof, and (b) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line Loro of (a).

[Explanation of symbols]

1 building 2 balcony floor 2a First floor 2b Second floor 2c Third floor 2d Fourth floor 2e floor 3 valley 3A valley groove member 4 drains 5 ridge 6 ridge 7 ridge 8 drains 9 steel beam 10 floor board 11 Waterproof base material 12 Non-combustible plate, etc. 13 tarpaulin 14 metal plate 15 flat roof 15a First roof surface 15b Second roof surface 15c Third roof surface 15d Fourth roof surface 15e Roof surface 16 screws 17 water top 18 water bottom

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. An outdoor floor is provided with a valley groove that continuously inclines from the water upper end to the water lower end toward the eaves, and both sides of the water upper end side of the valley groove are opposed to each other and the first incline descends inward. And a second floor surface are respectively connected, and both sides of the water groove lower end side of the valley groove are respectively connected to the third and fourth floor surfaces which are inclined downward toward the eaves, and the first floor surface and A floor drainage structure characterized in that a connection with a third floor surface and a connection with the second floor surface and a fourth floor surface are provided without steps. 2. A flat roof is provided with a valley groove that continuously inclines from the water upper end to the water lower end toward the eaves, and the first and the first slopes that slope downward toward the inside are provided on both sides of the water upper end side of the valley groove. The two roof surfaces are connected to each other, and the third and fourth roof surfaces, which are inclined downward toward the eaves, are connected to both sides on the water lower end side of the valley groove, respectively, and the first roof surface and the third roof surface are connected. The roof drainage structure is characterized in that the connection with the roof surface and the connection between the second roof surface and the fourth roof surface are provided without steps. 3. A flat groove having a predetermined width and a downward slope continuous with the same width and having a long width, and a continuous valley groove having a downward slope from one end of the flat surface to the other end of the downward slope in the central longitudinal direction of the width. A valley groove member characterized by being provided with.