JP3366989B2 - Noise reduction device for wheels - Google Patents

Noise reduction device for wheels

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Publication number
JP3366989B2
JP3366989B2 JP15090199A JP15090199A JP3366989B2 JP 3366989 B2 JP3366989 B2 JP 3366989B2 JP 15090199 A JP15090199 A JP 15090199A JP 15090199 A JP15090199 A JP 15090199A JP 3366989 B2 JP3366989 B2 JP 3366989B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
wheel
noise
absorbing material
sound absorbing
wheels
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
JP15090199A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP2000335201A (en
Inventor
一朗 坂本
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
National Traffic Safety and Environment Laboratory
Original Assignee
National Traffic Safety and Environment Laboratory
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by National Traffic Safety and Environment Laboratory filed Critical National Traffic Safety and Environment Laboratory
Priority to JP15090199A priority Critical patent/JP3366989B2/en
Publication of JP2000335201A publication Critical patent/JP2000335201A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP3366989B2 publication Critical patent/JP3366989B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 【0001】 【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、自動車や鉄道車両を含
む一般の走行車両において、車輪から発生する騒音を低
減する車輪用騒音低減装置に関する。 【0002】 【従来の技術】走行車両の車輪から発生する騒音防止対
策として、従来、防音壁を設けたり、走行路面に改善
を加えて周囲に音が広がらないようにしたもの、車輪
自体の材質に工夫を凝らしたものや、車輪走行面に特殊
な溝を設けたものが知られていた。 【0003】 【発明が解決しようとする課題】上述した従来の騒音防
止対策のうち、の防音壁を設けたり路面に改善を加え
るものは、施工に莫大な費用がかり、防音効果があるの
は防音対策が施された領域のみであるという問題点があ
った。また、の車輪自体に防音対策を施したものは、
の防音防止対策と異なり、車両走行中は常に騒音低減
効果が期待できるが、騒音防止の有効性にはまだ問題が
あり、効果的な騒音防止車輪がないのが現実である。ま
た、図7に示したように、車輪30の上部のフェンダ3
2内側に吸音材34を貼り付けたが、吸音材の貼り付け
位置がフェンダ部に限定されているため、有効な吸音作
用を得ることができず、と同じように騒音低減対策と
しては不十分なものであった。 【0004】本発明は上記従来の問題点に鑑みてなされ
たものであり、その目的とするところは、車両走行中騒
音を有効に低減でき、コスト的にも安価に製作可能な車
輪用騒音低減装置を提供することにある。 【0005】 【課題を解決するための手段】この目的を達成するため
に、本発明に係る車輪用騒音低減装置は、車輪の車両外
側部に、車輪側面に対し一定間隔の空間を隔てて芯材を
車輪と一体に取り付けると共に、前記芯材の両側面に車
輪直径よりやや小さめの円板状の吸音材を取り付けたも
のであり、また、芯材と吸音材から成る回転吸音体が車
輪のホイールカバーと一体に構成されたものでもよい。 【0006】 【作用】本発明によると、車輪の車両外側部に、車輪側
面に対し一定間隔の空間を隔てて芯材を車輪と一体に取
り付けると共に、前記芯材の両側面に車輪直径よりやや
小さめの円板状の吸音材を取り付けたものであるため、
車輪と路面の接地部から斜め上方に放射された騒音及び
車輪側面から車両外方に発生する騒音を効率よく吸音す
ることができる。また、芯材と吸音材から成る回転吸音
体が、車輪側面に一定間隔の空間を隔てて対向配置され
ているため、高速走行時車輪が発熱する場合でも、車輪
からの放熱作用を妨げることはない。 【0007】 【実施例】以下、本発明の実施例を図に基づいて説明す
る。図1から図4は本発明の第1の実施例を説明する図
であって、図1は車輪から発生する騒音源を示す該略
図、図2は本発明に係る騒音低減装置における車輪と回
転吸音体との関係を示す分解図、図3は図2の組立概略
図、図4は図3の断面図である。図5は図2から図4で
示した回転吸音体とは異なる回転吸音体を用いた他の実
施例として示した車輪と回転吸音体との関係を示す断面
図である。 【0008】本発明者は、車輪近傍でどのような騒音が
発生しているかを調べるために、自動車用タイヤを用
い、これを半無響室内に設置したシャーシダイナモメー
タのローラ12上に設置(接地)し、騒音放射特性を測
定した。その結果、図1に示したように、騒音は主とし
てタイヤ10と上記ローラ12との設置面(接地面)か
ら斜め上方に放射しているもの(a)と、タイヤ10の
サイドウオール14から外側に向かって放射しているも
の(b)との2種類あることが確認できた。 【0009】本発明者はこれらの知見に基づいて、騒音
が効果的に低減できる吸音体の装着位置を工夫したもの
である。はじめに、本発明の騒音低減装置の構造につい
て説明する。装置は、図2から図4に示したように、タ
イヤ10の直径よりもやや小さめの円板状(又はドーナ
ツ状)の吸音材16をベニヤ板18に貼り付け回転吸音
体20を製作した。更に詳述すると、タイヤは一般に市
販されているもので(横浜ゴム株式会社製:商品名 S
UPER STEEL RYO58 STEM)、タイ
ヤサイズは7.50R−16LTのものを使用し、吸音
材も市販されたもので(横浜ゴム株式会社製:商品名ハ
マダンパー、型番HU−2)、厚さ40mm、外径約6
4cm、内径約30cmの円板状(又はドーナツ状)の
ものを厚さ約1mmのベニヤ板に貼り付けた。 【0010】このようにして製作した回転吸音体20の
効果を調べるために、騒音放射特性を測定したときと同
様に半無響室内において、中型トラックの前車輪左側の
みを、シャーシダイナモメータのローラ上に設置(接
地)し、タイヤのホイールを固定するボルト22を利用
して、図4に示すように、タイヤ10のサイドウオール
14から43mm離れた位置に吸音材16が外側に来る
ようにタイヤ10に取り付けた。 【0011】次に、上記回転吸音体20とは異なる回転
吸音体20′を用いた本発明の他の実施例である騒音低
減装置の構造について図5に基づき説明する。なお、当
該図5記載の吸音材の周面および車輪と反対側の外側面
の全面を仮想線で示すように硬質ゴム等の覆部材で覆っ
て吸音材の耐久性を向上させることもある。但し、実施
例として騒音測定したときは覆部材は付けていけない。
ところで、使用するタイヤや吸音材は先の実施例と同じ
ものであり、吸音材をベニヤ板18に取り付ける方式
が、ベニヤ板を挟むサンドイッチ構造である点で異なっ
ている。即ちベニヤ板18の片面に厚さ40mmの吸音
材16aを取り付けると共に、ベニヤ板18のもう片方
の面に厚さ20mmの吸音材16bを、タイヤ10のサ
イドウオール14から23mm離れた位置に貼り付けた
ものである。図4及び図5の二つの実施例とも、タイヤ
とローラーとの設置面(接地面)から吸音材までの高さ
は約3cmとした。 【0012】騒音測定位置は、図6に示したように、一
つはタイヤのサイドウオールから外側へ1m高さ20c
mのA位置と、もう一箇所は、車両中心から左側7.5
m、高さ1.2mのB位置とした。測定時の車速は40
km/h、50km/h及び60km/hにおいて測定
し、当該測定はタイヤを60km/hで20分間暖機し
た後で行った。また、一定速度で発生するタイヤ騒音は
定常騒音とみなせることから、等価騒音レベルLAeqで
1分間測定した。 【0013】表1はタイヤから1mの位置(A位置)で
の測定結果 【表1】表2は 車両中心から7.5mの位置(B位置)での測
定結果 【表2】 測定結果は、表1及び表2に示すとおりである。表1は
タイヤから1mのA位置で測定した結果を、表2は車両
中心から7.5m離れたB位置での測定結果を示すもの
で、表1から解るように、タイヤから1m離れたA位置
での騒音は、騒音低減装置を付けていない通常タイプの
ものに比べ、実施例1の片側に吸音材16を貼り付けた
もので、平均約1.7dBの低減効果があり、実施例2
の両側に吸音材16a、16bを貼り付けたもので平均
2dBの低減効果があった。表2からも片側吸音材のも
ので平均0.73dB、両側吸音材のもので約1.23
dB低減効果があることが認められた。 【0014】以上の説明から明らかなように、タイヤ騒
音の発生源であるタイヤと路面との接地部と、サイドウ
オールの両者の近傍に芯材と吸音材から成る回転吸音体
を装着することで騒音の低減を図ったものであるが、こ
の騒音低減効果は、自動車用タイヤに限らず鉄道用車輪
その他一般走行車輪においても効果があり、回転吸音体
は回転径が大きい程効果があることは言うまでもない。
また、吸音材として商品名ハマダンパーを使用したが、
吸音材として知られているガラスウールとかポリウレタ
ン(スポンジ状の)等どのようなものでもよい。吸音材
の取付け支持体としてベニヤ板を芯材として実験に用い
たが、所要の強度があれば、ベニヤ板でなく、例えば、
薄い金属板であってもよい。従って、ホイールキャップ
と一体に回転吸音体を構成したものでもよい。 【0015】 【発明の効果】以上の通り、本発明の車輪用騒音低減装
置は、車輪と路面の接地部から斜め上方に放射された騒
音及び車輪側面から車両外方に発生する騒音を効率よく
吸音することができる。また、回転吸音体が、車輪側面
に所定の空間を隔てて対向配置されているため、高速走
行時で車輪が発熱する場合でも、車輪からの放熱作用を
妨げることはない。しかも回転吸音体が車輪と一体に取
り付けられているため、従来のような防音壁を設置しな
くとも、常に騒音低減効果を発揮する。
Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a wheel noise reduction device for reducing noise generated from wheels in a general traveling vehicle including an automobile and a railway vehicle. 2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a countermeasure against noise generated from wheels of a traveling vehicle, a soundproof wall has been provided or a road surface has been improved so that sound does not spread to the surroundings. Some of them have been well-developed, and some have special grooves on the wheel running surface. [0003] Of the above-mentioned conventional noise control measures, those which provide a soundproof wall or improve the road surface require enormous construction cost, and have a soundproof effect. There was a problem that only the area where measures were taken was provided. Also, those that have soundproofed the wheels themselves,
Unlike the noise prevention measures described above, the noise reduction effect can always be expected while the vehicle is running, but there is still a problem in the effectiveness of noise prevention, and there is no effective noise prevention wheel. Also, as shown in FIG.
Although the sound absorbing material 34 was stuck on the inner side of 2, the sound absorbing material was stuck at the fender portion, so that an effective sound absorbing effect could not be obtained. It was something. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned conventional problems, and an object of the present invention is to effectively reduce noise during running of a vehicle and reduce noise for wheels which can be manufactured at low cost. It is to provide a device. [0005] In order to achieve this object, a noise reduction device for a wheel according to the present invention is provided on a wheel outer side portion of a vehicle with a space provided at a fixed distance from a side surface of the wheel. It is attached a timber to the wheel and integrated, which was fitted with a somewhat smaller disc-shaped sound absorbing material than the wheel diameter on both sides of the core material, or, rotating sound absorbing body made of a core material and a sound absorbing material wheels May be configured integrally with the wheel cover. According to the present invention, a core material is integrally attached to a wheel on a vehicle outer side portion of a wheel with a predetermined space from a side surface of the wheel, and both sides of the core material are slightly larger than a wheel diameter. Because it is a small disk-shaped sound absorbing material attached,
It is possible to efficiently absorb noise radiated obliquely upward from the ground contact portion between the wheel and the road surface and noise generated outside the vehicle from the wheel side surface. In addition, since the rotating sound absorber composed of the core material and the sound absorbing material is arranged opposite to the side surface of the wheel with a certain space therebetween, even when the wheel generates heat during high-speed traveling, it does not hinder the heat radiation action from the wheel. Absent. An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIGS. 1 to 4 are views for explaining a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a noise source generated from wheels, and FIG. 2 is a diagram showing wheels and rotation in a noise reduction device according to the present invention. FIG. 3 is an exploded view showing the relationship with the sound absorber, FIG. 3 is an assembly schematic diagram of FIG. 2, and FIG. 4 is a sectional view of FIG. FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing the relationship between a wheel and a rotary sound absorber shown as another embodiment using a rotary sound absorber different from the rotary sound absorber shown in FIGS. The inventor of the present invention used an automobile tire, and installed it on a roller 12 of a chassis dynamometer which was installed in a semi-anechoic chamber in order to check what kind of noise was generated near the wheels. Grounded) and measured the noise emission characteristics. As a result, as shown in FIG. 1, noise mainly radiates obliquely upward from the installation surface (ground contact surface) of the tire 10 and the roller 12 (a), and noise is emitted from the sidewall 14 of the tire 10 to the outside. It was confirmed that there were two types, one radiating toward (b). Based on these findings, the inventor has devised a mounting position of the sound absorber that can effectively reduce noise. First, the structure of the noise reduction device of the present invention will be described. As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the device attached a disk-shaped (or donut-shaped) sound absorbing material 16 slightly smaller than the diameter of the tire 10 to a plywood plate 18 to produce a rotary sound absorbing body 20. More specifically, tires are generally commercially available (Yokohama Rubber Co., Ltd .: trade name S
UPER STEEL RYO58 STEM), the tire size is 7.50R-16LT, and the sound absorbing material is also commercially available (manufactured by Yokohama Rubber Co., Ltd .: trade name Hama Damper, model number HU-2), thickness 40 mm, Outer diameter about 6
A disc-shaped (or donut-shaped) piece having a diameter of 4 cm and an inner diameter of about 30 cm was attached to a plywood sheet having a thickness of about 1 mm. In order to examine the effect of the rotary sound absorber 20 manufactured as described above, only the left side of the front wheel of a medium-sized truck is mounted on a roller of a chassis dynamometer in a semi-anechoic room as in the case of measuring noise radiation characteristics. As shown in FIG. 4, the tire is mounted on (grounded to) the top so that the sound-absorbing material 16 is positioned 43 mm away from the sidewall 14 of the tire 10 so as to be located outside. 10 attached. Next, the structure of a noise reduction device according to another embodiment of the present invention using a rotary sound absorber 20 'different from the rotary sound absorber 20 will be described with reference to FIG. The durability of the sound-absorbing material may be improved by covering the entire surface of the sound-absorbing material shown in FIG. 5 and the entire outer surface on the side opposite to the wheels with a cover member such as hard rubber as shown by a virtual line. However, when the noise is measured as an example, a cover member cannot be attached.
By the way, the tire and the sound absorbing material to be used are the same as those of the previous embodiment, and the difference is that the method of attaching the sound absorbing material to the plywood 18 is a sandwich structure sandwiching the plywood. That is, a sound absorbing material 16a having a thickness of 40 mm is attached to one surface of the veneer plate 18, and a sound absorbing material 16 b having a thickness of 20 mm is attached to the other surface of the veneer plate 18 at a position 23 mm away from the sidewall 14 of the tire 10. It is. 4 and 5, the height from the installation surface (ground contact surface) of the tire and the roller to the sound absorbing material was about 3 cm. As shown in FIG. 6, one of the noise measurement positions is 1 m in height 20 c outward from the sidewall of the tire.
A position of m and the other is 7.5 left from the center of the vehicle
m, position B at a height of 1.2 m. The vehicle speed at the time of measurement is 40
The measurements were taken at km / h, 50 km / h and 60 km / h, after the tire was warmed up at 60 km / h for 20 minutes. Further, since the tire noise generated at a constant speed can be regarded as a steady noise, it was measured at an equivalent noise level LAeq for one minute. Table 1 shows the measurement results at a position 1 m from the tire (position A). Table 2 shows the measurement results at a position 7.5 m from the center of the vehicle (position B). The measurement results are as shown in Tables 1 and 2. Table 1 shows the measurement results at the A position 1 m from the tire, and Table 2 shows the measurement results at the B position 7.5 m away from the center of the vehicle. The noise at the position is obtained by attaching the sound absorbing material 16 to one side of the first embodiment, compared to the normal type without the noise reduction device, and has an average reduction effect of about 1.7 dB.
The sound absorbing materials 16a and 16b were adhered to both sides of the above, and there was an average 2 dB reduction effect. From Table 2, it can be seen that the average value of the sound absorbing material on one side is 0.73 dB, and that of the sound absorbing material on both sides is about 1.23 dB.
It was recognized that there was a dB reduction effect. As is apparent from the above description, the rotary sound absorber composed of the core material and the sound absorbing material is mounted near both the ground contact portion between the tire, which is the source of the tire noise, and the road surface, and the sidewalls. This noise reduction effect is effective not only for automobile tires, but also for railway wheels and other general running wheels. Needless to say.
In addition, although Hama damper was used as a sound absorbing material,
Any material such as glass wool or polyurethane (sponge-like) known as a sound absorbing material may be used. Was used in the experiment plywood as a core material as a mounting support for the sound absorbing material, if any required strength, rather than base Niya plate, for example,
It may be a thin metal plate. Therefore, the rotary sound absorber may be configured integrally with the wheel cap. As described above, the noise reduction device for a wheel according to the present invention efficiently reduces noise radiated obliquely upward from the grounding portion between the wheel and the road surface and noise generated outside the vehicle from the side surface of the wheel. Can absorb sound. Further, since the rotary sound absorbing body is disposed opposite to the side surface of the wheel with a predetermined space therebetween, even if the wheel generates heat during high-speed running, the heat dissipation from the wheel is not hindered. In addition, since the rotary sound absorber is integrally attached to the wheels, the noise reduction effect is always exhibited without installing a conventional soundproof wall.

【図面の簡単な説明】 【図1】車輪から発生する騒音源を示す概略図である。 【図2】本発明に係る騒音低減装置における車輪と回転
吸音体との関係を示す分解図である。 【図3】図2の組立概略図である。 【図4】図3の断面図である。 【図5】図2から図4で示した回転吸音体とは異なる回
転吸音体を用いた他の実施例として示した車輪と回転吸
音体との関係を示す断面図である。 【図6】騒音測定位置を示す概略図である。 【図7】フェンダ内側に吸音材を貼り付けた騒音低減装
置の概略図である。 【符号の説明】 10、30・・・タイヤ 12・・・シャーシダイナモメータのローラ 14・・・サイドウオール 16、16a、16b、34・・・吸音材 18・・・ベニヤ板 20、20′・・・回転吸音体 22・・・ボルト 32・・・フェンダ
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a noise source generated from wheels. FIG. 2 is an exploded view showing a relationship between wheels and a rotary sound absorber in the noise reduction device according to the present invention. FIG. 3 is an assembly schematic diagram of FIG. 2; FIG. 4 is a sectional view of FIG. 3; FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a relationship between a wheel and a rotary sound absorber shown as another embodiment using a rotary sound absorber different from the rotary sound absorber shown in FIGS. 2 to 4; FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing a noise measurement position. FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a noise reduction device in which a sound absorbing material is attached to the inside of a fender. [Description of Signs] 10, 30 ... Tire 12 ... Chassis dynamometer roller 14 ... Side walls 16, 16a, 16b, 34 ... Sound absorbing material 18 ... Veneer plates 20, 20 '...・ Rotating sound absorber 22 ・ ・ ・ Bolt 32 ・ ・ ・ Fender

───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7,DB名) B60B 7/00 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. 7 , DB name) B60B 7/00

Claims (1)

(57)【特許請求の範囲】 【請求項1】車輪の車両外側部に、車輪側面に対し一定
間隔の空間を隔てて芯材を車輪と一体に取り付けると共
に、前記芯材の両側面に車輪直径よりやや小さめの円板
状ないしドーナツ状の吸音材を取り付けた車輪用騒音低
減装置。
(57) Claims: 1. A core is integrally attached to a wheel on a vehicle outer side of the wheel with a predetermined space from a side surface of the wheel, and a wheel is attached to both sides of the core. A noise reduction device for wheels equipped with a disk-shaped or donut-shaped sound absorbing material slightly smaller than the diameter.
JP15090199A 1999-05-31 1999-05-31 Noise reduction device for wheels Expired - Fee Related JP3366989B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP15090199A JP3366989B2 (en) 1999-05-31 1999-05-31 Noise reduction device for wheels

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP15090199A JP3366989B2 (en) 1999-05-31 1999-05-31 Noise reduction device for wheels

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP5117034B2 (en) * 2006-11-10 2013-01-09 独立行政法人交通安全環境研究所 Tire noise reduction device
KR102367147B1 (en) * 2020-08-05 2022-02-25 세세건설 주식회사 Sound absorbent apparatus

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